CN1069024A - 用作降低血中胆甾醇药剂的取代的β-内酰胺化合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用作降低血中胆甾醇药剂的取代的β-内酰胺化合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1069024A CN1069024A CN92108760A CN92108760A CN1069024A CN 1069024 A CN1069024 A CN 1069024A CN 92108760 A CN92108760 A CN 92108760A CN 92108760 A CN92108760 A CN 92108760A CN 1069024 A CN1069024 A CN 1069024A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- phenyl
- alkyl group
- low alkyl
- group
- Prior art date
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- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- -1 N-oxide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 57
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005085 alkoxycarbonylalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005336 allyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005879 dioxolanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- BZFBDUQOBQHBSZ-DLCQERRASA-N (3s,8r,9s,10r,13s,14s,17s)-17-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl-methylamino]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](N(C)CCCN(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 BZFBDUQOBQHBSZ-DLCQERRASA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- GLUYADGKGBGXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCl GLUYADGKGBGXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical compound COC1=NC(N)=NC2=C1C=CN2 CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005837 enolization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical group FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000001494 Sterol O-Acyltransferase Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010054082 Sterol O-acyltransferase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000102 alkali metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008046 alkali metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- UTXBJOTXFNNRDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)[O] Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)[O] UTXBJOTXFNNRDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005083 alkoxyalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 198
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 160
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 75
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 74
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 62
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 40
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 35
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 22
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 18
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000003810 ethyl acetate extraction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC.CCOC(C)=O OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N diethyl azodicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001840 cholesterol esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000262 chemical ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 4
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VSHULXBTMXBAAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylpentanoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VSHULXBTMXBAAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- IHLVCKWPAMTVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;carbanide Chemical compound [Li+].[CH3-] IHLVCKWPAMTVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPRXAOPZPSAYHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;cyclohexyl(propan-2-yl)azanide Chemical compound CC(C)N([Li])C1CCCCC1 UPRXAOPZPSAYHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FRIJBUGBVQZNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;ethane;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C FRIJBUGBVQZNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRXOJMOGPYFZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-chloro-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(Cl)=O SRXOJMOGPYFZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- HOGDNTQCSIKEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxybutanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(=O)NO HOGDNTQCSIKEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULWOJODHECIZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(C)C ULWOJODHECIZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSBIQPJIWUJBBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methoxyaniline Chemical compound CONC1=CC=CC=C1 NSBIQPJIWUJBBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000106 platelet aggregation inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001479 tosylchloramide sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPSRAFUHLHIWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;ethane Chemical group [Zn+2].[CH2-]C.[CH2-]C IPSRAFUHLHIWAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- C07D205/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D205/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D205/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams
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- C07D205/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D205/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D205/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams
- C07D205/085—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 3
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- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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Abstract
公开了上式新的β-内酰胺化合物及其制备方法
和用途,其中各基团如说明书中所定义。该化合物可
用作血低胆甾醇剂,用于预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化
症。
Description
本发明涉及在治疗和预防动脉粥样硬化中用作血低胆甾醇剂的取代的β-内酰胺化合物,和制备β-内酰胺的方法。
在西方国家,动脉粥样硬化性冠心病成为死亡和心血管病的主要病因。动脉粥样硬化性冠心病的危险因素有高血压、糖尿病、家族史、男性、吸烟和血清胆甾醇。总胆甾醇水平超过225-250mg/dl危险性显著升高。
胆甾醇酯是闭塞性动脉硬化损害的主要部分和在动脉壁细胞中胆甾醇的主要贮存形式。胆甾醇酯的形成也是饮食胆甾醇的肠内吸收中的关键步骤。胆甾醇的细胞内酯化被酶-酰基CoA:胆甾醇酰基转移酶(ACAT,EC2.3.1.26)所催化。所以,抑制ACAT有可能抑制闭塞性动脉硬化损害形成的进行、减少动脉壁中胆甾醇酯的积累,阻止饮食胆甾醇的肠吸收。
据报道,有几种β-内酰胺化合物用于在哺乳动物动脉壁中降低胆甾醇和/或抑制含胆甾醇损害的形成。美国专利4,983,597公开了用作抗血胆甾醇剂的N-磺酰-2-氮杂环丁酮,Ram等人在Indian J Chem.Sect.B.29B,12(1990),P.1134-7中公开了用作低血脂剂的4-(2-氧代氮杂环丁烷-4-基)苯氧基链烷酸乙酯。欧洲专利申请264,231公开了1-取代的-4-苯基-3-(2-氧代亚烷基)-2-氮杂环丁酮用行血小板聚集抑制剂。
本发明新的血低胆甾醇化合物由下式Ⅰ或其药用盐表示:
其中:
A是-CH=CH-B;
-C≡C-B;
-(CH2)p-X-B,p是0,1或2且X是一个键,-NH-或-S(O)0-2-;杂芳基, 苯并稠合杂芳基,W-取代的杂芳基或W-取代的苯并稠合杂芳基,其中杂芳基选自:吡咯基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吡嗪基,三嗪基,咪唑基,噻唑基,吡唑基,噻吩基,噁唑基和呋喃基,以及含氮杂芳基的N-氧化物,且其中W是环碳原子上的1-3个取代基,它们选自低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14-苯氧基,二氧戊环基,-NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,卤素,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧甲基,-C(O)R12和
,以及其中当取代的杂芳环氮原子上有取代基时,它们选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,-C(O)OR5,-C(O)R5,OH,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,-S(O)2NH2和2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基;
-C(O)-B;或
D是B′-(CH2)mC(O)-,其中m是1,2,3,4或5;
B′-(CH2)q-,其中q是2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(CH2)e-Z-(CH2)r-,其中Z是-O-,-C(O)-,亚苯基,-NR8-或-S(O)0-2-,e是0,1,2,3,4或5且r是1,2,3,4或5,条件是e和r之和是1,2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-;B′-(C4-C6亚二烯基)-;
B′-(CH2)t-Z-(C2-C6亚烯基)-,其中Z定义如上,且其中t是0,1,2,或3,条件是t和亚烯基中碳原子数之和是2,3,4,5或6;
B′(CH2)f-V-(CH2)g-,其中V是C3-C6亚环烷基,f是1,2,3,4或5,g是0,1,2,3,4或5,条件是f和g之和为1,2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(CH2)t-V-(C2-C6亚烯基)-或B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-V-(CH2)t其中V和t如上述,条件是t和该亚烯基链中碳原子数之和2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(CH2)a-Z-(CH2)b-V-(CH2)d-,其中Z和V定义如上,且a,b和d独立地为0,1,2,3,4,5或6,条件是a,b和d之和是0,1,2,3,4,5或6;
T-(CH2)5-,其中T是C3-C6环烷基且s是1,2,3,4,5或6;或
萘基甲基,杂芳基甲基,或W-取代的杂芳基甲基,其中杂芳基和W定义如上;
B是
B′是萘基,杂芳基或W-取代的杂芳基,其中杂芳基定义如上,或
R是氢,氟,C1-C15烷基,C1-C15链烯基,C1-C15炔基,或B-(CH2)h-,其中h是0,1,2或3;
R1,R2和R3独立地选自H,低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14苯氧基,二氧戊环基,NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,邻-卤代,间-卤代,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基,-C(O)R12,
,或R1是氢且R2和R3与其相连碳原子一起构成二氧戊环;
R2′,R1′,R3′独立地选自H,低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14-苯氧基,二氧戊环基,NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,卤素,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基,-C(O)R12,
,或R′ 1是氢且R′ 2和R′ 3与其相连的碳原子一起构成二氧戊环;
R5是低级烷基,苯基,R14-苯基,苄基或R14-苄基;
R6是OH,低级烷基,苯基,苄基,R14-苯基或R14苄基;
R7是低级烷基,低级烷氧基,OH,卤素,-NR10R11,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,NO2,-CN,-N3,-SH,-S(O)0-2-(低级烷基),-COOR9,-CONR10R11,-COR12,苯氧基,苄氧基,-OCF3,或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基,且当n是2或3,R7基可相同或不同;
R8是H,低级烷基,苯基低级烷基,或-C(O)R9;
R9是H,低级烷基,苯基或苯基低级烷基;
R10和R11独立地选自H和低级烷基;
R13是-O-,-CH2-,-NH-或-N(低级烷基)-;以及
R14是1-3个基团,独立地选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,-COOH,NO2,-NR10R11,OH或卤素。
优选式Ⅰ中R是H的化合物。另一类优选的式Ⅰ化合物中,D是B′-(CH2)q-,B′-(CH2)e-Z-(CH2)r-,B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-或B′-(CH2)f-V-(CH2)g-,式中B′,Z,V,q、e,r,f和g定义如上。第三类优选的式Ⅰ化合物是其中R4是苯基、R7-取代的苯基或2,3-二氢化茚基的化合物。另一类优选的式Ⅰ化合物中,A是-(CH2)p-X-B,其中X,B和p定义如上。
特别优选的式Ⅰ化合物中各基团如下:D是B′-(CH2)q-,其中B′-苯基且q是3或4;B′-(CH2)e-Z-(CH2)r-,其中B′-是对氟苯基或对甲氧基苯基,e是0,Z是-O-且r是2;B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-是3-苯基-1-丙烯基;或B′-(CH2)f-V-(CH2)g-,其中B′是苯基,f是1,V是亚环丙基,且g是0。A是-(CH2)p-X-B(p是0,X是单键)的式Ⅰ化合物也是特别优选的。R1,R2和R3最好选自H,OH,-NO2,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷氧基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,间卤代,NR10R11(低级烷氧基),烯丙氧基,苯氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基和-C(O)R12。R1和R3各为H且R2在对位的化合物更好。
R7最好选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,卤素,-OCF3,低级烷硫基,-NR10R11,-CN,OH,和-COR12。n为1且R7在对位的化合物更好。
特别优选的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R为氢)示于下表1:
表1
上表中开始所列的具有(3R,4S)绝对立体化学构型的化合物更为优选。
本发明还涉及在需要治疗的哺乳动物中使用本发明的新的式Ⅰ化合物作为低血胆甾醇剂。
另一方面,本发明涉及药物组合物,它含有本发明新的式Ⅰ的β-内酰胺和药用载体。
又一方面,本发明涉及包括降低胆甾醇有效量的以下结构式Ⅱ的化合物或其药用盐以及药用载体的药物组合物:
其中
R20是苯基,W-取代的苯基,萘基,W-取代的萘基,苯并二噁唑基,W-取代的杂芳基,苯并稠合的杂芳基和W-取代的苯并稠合杂芳基,其中杂芳基选自吡咯基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吡嗪基,三嗪基,咪唑基,噻唑基,吡唑基,噻吩基,噁唑基和呋喃基,以及其中含氮杂芳基的N-氧化物;
R21,R22和R23独立地选自H或R20;
W是1-3个取代基,独立地选自低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14-苯氧基,二氧戊环基,NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,卤素,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基,-C(O)R12,
;
E,F和G独立地是单键;C3-C6亚环烷基;C1-C10亚烷基;C1-C10亚烯基;C1-C10亚炔基;被一个或多个独立地选自苯基、W-取代的苯基、杂芳基和W-取代的杂芳基所取代的上述亚烷基、亚烯基或亚炔基链;被一个或多个独立地选自-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-NR8,-C(O)-、C3-C6亚环烷基、亚苯基、W-取代的亚苯基、亚杂芳基和W-取代的亚杂芳基隔断的上述亚烷基、亚烯基或亚炔基链;或被一个或多个独立地选自苯基、W-取代的苯基、杂芳基和W-取代的杂芳基所取代的上述隔断的亚烷基、亚烯基或亚炔基链;或者R21-E和R22-F之一选自卤素,OH,低级烷氧基,-OC(O)R5,-NR10R11,-SH或-S(低级烷基);
R5是低级烷基,苯基,R14-苯基,苄基或R14-苄基;
R6是OH,低级烷基,苯基,苄基,R14-苯基或R14-苄基;
R8是 H,低级烷基,苯基低级烷基或-C(O)R9;
R9是 H,低级烷基,苯基或苯基低级烷基;
R10和R11独立地选自H和低级烷基;
R12是H,OH,烷氧基,苯氧基,苄氧基,
,-NR10R11,低级烷基,苯基或R14-苯基;
R13是-O-,-CH2-,-NH-或-N(低级烷基)-;
R14是1-3个基团,独立地选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,-COOH,-NR10R11,NO2,OH或卤素;
条件是当G是一单键,R23不为H,且当R23是W-取代的苯基时,W不为对位卤素。
应指出,式Ⅰ新的化合物包括在式Ⅱ范围内。
优选的式Ⅱ化合物是那些其中R21是H且E是单键或低级亚烷基的化合物,和那些其中R21是苯基且E是低级亚烷基的化合物。其中R22是H且F是单键的式Ⅱ化合物也是优选的。另一类优选的式Ⅱ化合物中,G是单键且R23是被OH、-NO2、低级烷氧基、烷氧基烷氧基、间一卤代、低级烷基低级烷二酰基、NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-、烯丙氧基、苯氧基、烷氧羰基烷氧基和-C(O)R12取代的苯基。又一类优选的式Ⅱ化合物中,R20是苯基或被低级烷基、低级烷氧基、卤素、-OCF3、低级烷硫基、-NR10R11、-CN、OH或乙酰基取代的苯基。
某些化合物不在式Ⅰ范围内,但在式Ⅱ范围内,它们也是新的化合物。这类化合物的例子由下表2表示。
表2
本发明还涉及在需要治疗的哺乳动物中降低血清胆甾醇的方法,包括给以含式Ⅱ化合物和药用载体的药物组合物。
本发明还涉及式Ⅰ或Ⅱ化合物作为ACAT抑制剂的用途。
本发明还涉及一种由下式羟酰胺制备式Ⅰ的β-内酰胺的立体有择方法,其中R是氢且D和A具有反式相对立体化学构型
(其中D,A和R4定义如上),即:在下式噁唑烷酮
(其中R18和R19独立地选自氢,C1-C6烷基,苯基,萘基,取代的苯基,取代的萘基和苄基)用作手性助剂的方法中(其中所述助剂优选是R-(+)-4-苄基-噁唑烷酮),环化所述羟胺,其中羟胺是由羧酸DCH2COOH、醛A-CHO和胺R4NH2制备的(D,A和R4定义如上)。
这种制备式Ⅰ化合物(其中R为氢,且D和A具有反式相对立体化学构型)的方法规定为方法D,包括以下步骤:
a)使式D-CH2COOH的羧酸(其中D定义如上)与氯化剂反应,
b)用强碱或叔胺碱将上述手性噁唑烷酮脱质子(优选R-(+)-4-苄基噁唑烷酮)并用步骤a)的产物处理所得阴离子,
c)用以下物质将步骤b)的产物烯醇化;
(ⅰ)三氟甲磺酸二烷基硼和叔胺碱;或
(ⅱ)TiCl4和四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)或TMEDA和三乙胺的混合物;
然后与式A-CHO的醛(其中A定义如上)缩合,
d)用碱和过氧化氢水解步骤c)的产物,
e)使步骤d)产物与式R4NH2的胺(其中R4定义如上)进行缩合,即:用脱水偶合剂处理,任选地加入活化剂,
f)使步骤e)产物与:
(ⅰ)偶氮二羧酸二烷基酯和三烷基膦反应;或者
(ⅱ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯、碱水溶液和相转移催化剂反应,然后用碱水溶液和相催化剂处理所得二-或三-氯苯甲酸酯;或者
(ⅲ)氯代磷酸二烷基酯、碱水溶液和相转移催化剂;或者
(ⅳ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯和金属氢化物反应,
使步骤(e)产物环化。
在另一方案中,本发明的方法提供了用下式β-氨基酰胺衍生物制备式Ⅰ的β-内酰胺的步骤,其中R是氢,且D和A具有反式相对立体化学构型
即:在下式噁唑烷酮用作手性助剂的方法中,环化该β-氨基酰胺,其中β-氨基酰胺是用羧酸DCH2COOH和亚胺ACH=N-R4(中D,A和R4定义如上,
其中R18和R19定义如上,且其中所述手性助剂优选为R-(+)-4-苄基噁唑烷酮。
这种制备式Ⅰ化合物(R为氢,D和A具有反式相对立体化学构型)的方法规定为方法F,包括以下步骤:
a)用TiCl4和四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)使方法D的产物烯醇化,然后与式A-CH=N-R4的亚胺(其中A和R4定义如上)缩合,
b)用强的非亲核碱、优选双-三甲基甲硅烷基氨化钠处理步骤(a)的产物,使之环化。
本文中所用的术语“低级烷基”意指直链或支链的C1-C6烷基链,类似地,“低级烷氧基”指的是C1-C6烷氧基。
“链烯基”指的是链中具有一个或多个共轭或非共轭双键的直链或支链的碳链,链二烯基指的是链上有两个双键的链。类似地,炔基意指链上有一个或多个三键的直链或支链的碳链。
当烷基、烯基或炔基与其它两个部分连接因此是二价时,使用术语亚烯基、亚烯基和亚炔基。
“环烷基”意指C3-C6饱和碳环,而亚环烷基意指相应的二价环,其中与其它基团的键合点包括所有位置的异构体。
“卤素”指氟,氯,溴或碘基。
“杂芳基”包括上述所给杂芳基的所有位置的异构体,例如2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基和4-吡啶基。苯并稠合杂芳基意指通过将苯环键合到杂芳环上相邻的各碳原子上形成的基团,例子有吲哚基,喹啉基,喹唑啉基,喹喔啉基,苯并三唑基,2,3-二氢化茚基,苯并噁唑基,苯并噻吩基和苯并呋喃基。
“亚苯基”意指二价苯基,包括邻、间和对位取代的,类此,“亚杂芳基”意指二价杂芳基,包括所有位置的异构体。
“(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基”意指(C1-C6低级烷氧基)-N=CH-(C1-C5低级烷基)。
“低级烷二酰基”意指式-OC(O)(CH2)1-4C(O)OH的基团,而“低级烷基低级烷二酰基”意指式-OC(O)(CH2)1-4C(O)O-(低级烷基)。
R14-苄基和R14-苄氧基指的是苯环上被取代的苄基和苄氧基。
“叔胺碱”意指三烷基胺,如三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺,或含氮杂环,如吡啶。
“碱”意指金属氢氧化物碱,如氢氧化锂、钠或钾。
“强碱”意指非水溶液碱,如金属氢化物或烷基锂。
“金属氢化物”意指市售金属氢化物,如氢化锂、钠或钾。
“烷基锂”意指烷基锂试剂,如正丁基锂,仲丁基锂,叔丁基锂或甲基锂。
“脱水偶合剂”意指一种碳化二亚胺,如1-(3′-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳化二亚胺盐酸化物(DEC)或二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)。
“活化剂”意指用于促进酰胺键形成的试剂,如1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)或N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺。
“卤化物盐”意指卤素的金属盐,如溴化钠、锂或钾。
E,F和G定义的碳链当被任意取代的苯基或杂芳基取代时,可包括在不同碳原子上独立的取代基,在一个碳原子上的两个取代基,或这二者都有的情况。本领域专业人员都知道,存在的双键或三键的数目、链中碳原子的置换数目和链中碳原子上存在的取代基数目均取决于链长度:短的碳链不能接纳许多双键或三键、多个碳的置换或接纳多个取代基,但长碳链却可以。一般来说,不饱和碳链含有1-4个共轭或非共轭的双键或三键。当碳原子被置换时,可存在1-4个置换基团。类此,当链中的碳原子被取代时,可存在1-4个取代基。
烷基链的例子有甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基和癸基。
不饱和E,F和G基的例子有亚乙基和双亚乙基。
其中链中碳原子被置换的E,F和G的例子是-CH2CH2O-,-OCH2CH2-,-CH2O-,-CH2CH2CH2O-,-CH2-O-CH2-,-CH2CH2-O-CH2,-CH2-CH2-NH-,-CH2CH2-N(CH3)-和-O-CH2C(O)-NH-。
本发明的化合物至少具有一个不对称碳原子, 因此所有异构体,包括非对映体和旋光异构体在内也视为本发明的一部分。本发明包括纯态和掺合物形式的d和l异构体,包括外消旋混合物在内。采用传统方法,通过使用对映的起始物反应或通过拆分式Ⅰ或Ⅱ化合物的异构体,可制备异构体。
异构体可包括几何异构体,例如当E,F或G含有一个双键时。所有这样的异构体都视为本发明的一部分。
本领域专业人员可以理解,对于某些式Ⅰ和Ⅱ的化合物,一种异构体会比另一种异构件显示出更高的药理活性。
本发明化合物的氨基可与有机和无机酸形成药用盐。成盐用合适的酸的例子有盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、草酸、丙二酸、水杨酸、苹果酸、富马酸、琥珀酸、抗坏血酸、马来酸、甲磺酸和其它本领域专业人员公知的无机酸和有机酸。这种盐的制备方法是使该游离碱与足够量的所需的酸接触,由此得到盐。通过用合适的稀的碱水溶液如碳酸氢钠稀水溶液处理该盐可再生成该游离碱形式。在某些物理性能方面,例如在极性溶剂中的溶解度,游离碱形式与其各自的盐稍有不同,但对于本发明的目的来说,该盐与其各自的游离碱是等效的。
本发明的某些化合物是酸式的(如,那些具有羧基的化合物)。这些化合物与无机和有机碱形成药用盐。这类盐的例子有钠、钾、钙、铝、金和银盐。也包括与药用胺如氨、烷基胺、羟基烷基胺、N-甲基葡糖胺等等所成的盐。
式Ⅰ和Ⅱ的化合物可通过若干公知方法制备。具体地说,具有反式构型的化合物可通过美国专利申请07/734,426(申请日:1991年7月23日)介绍的新方法D来制备,或用新方法F来制备。
式Ⅰa和Ⅰb化合物(其中A,D,R和R4定义如上)可通过以下方法制备:于-78℃,用强碱(如二异丙基氨化锂)在合适的溶剂(如四氢呋喃,即THF)中处理式Ⅴ的酯,其中R15是低级烷基,如乙基或手性部分,如
基或10-(二异丙基磺酰氨基)-异冰片基。可任意地加入六甲基膦三酰胺(HMPA)助溶剂。加入式Ⅳ亚胺,并将反应混合物升到室温,采用传统的纯化技术分离产物。当使用式Ⅴ的手性酯时,所得式Ⅰa或Ⅰb化合物不是外消旋的。
方法B:
式Ⅰc或Ⅰd化合物可转化为式Ⅰa或Ⅰb化合物,方法是在存在或不存在HMPA的条件下,于-78℃用强碱(如二异丙基氨化锂)在合适的溶剂(如THF)中进行处理,然后加入烷基化剂R-R17,或酰化剂,如R-C(O)O-烷基或R-C(O)Cl,其中R定义如上,只是R不为H且R17为离去基团如溴或碘。
方法B′:
采用以上方法B,但用诸如乙酸之类的质子源替代该烷基化剂,式Ⅰd的反式化合物可转化成相应式Ⅰc的顺式化合物。
方法C:
可制备式Ⅰd的反式化合物(其中R是氢,A,D和R4定义如上),方法是在合适的溶剂(如THF)中用强碱(如二异丙基氨化锂或叔丁醇钾)处理式Ⅰc的顺式化合物。本领域专业人员可以理解,由于方法C的反应条件可与方法A的类似,在方法A的条件下,有时就地发生顺式转化为反式的反应。
方法D:
(ⅱ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯,碱水,相转移剂;或
(ⅲ)氯代磷酸二烷基酯,碱水,相转移剂;或
(ⅳ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯+碱金属氢化物
步骤D6
在方法D的步骤D1中,在干燥气氛、纯态或在合适的惰性有机溶剂(如甲苯)中,于70℃,用氯化试剂(如亚硫酰氯或草酰氯)处理羧酸ⅩⅢ,得到化合物ⅩⅣ。
在步骤D2中,化合物ⅩⅤ分两步反应转化为化合物ⅩⅥ:第一步,用烷基锂之类的强碱(如正丁基锂)或金属氢化物(如氢化钠),或叔胺碱(如三乙胺)在合适的无水有机溶剂(如无水THF)中,在干燥的惰性气氛(如氮气)下,于约0℃至约-85℃、优选约-78℃,脱质子化约30-90分钟、优选约60分钟;第二步,在干燥惰性气氛(如氮气)下,于约-50℃至-85℃、优选约-78℃下,在合适的无水有机溶剂(如无水THF)中,使所得阴离子在不经分离的条件下与化合物ⅩⅣ反应约30-60分钟、优选约45分钟,然后在约-10℃至10℃、优选约0℃继续反应约30-约90分钟、优选约60分钟,然后用萃取的方法分离产物即化合物ⅩⅥ。
在步骤D3中,在干燥的惰性气氛(如氮气)下,在约-60℃至10℃、优选约-10℃至0℃,在合适的惰性有机溶剂(如CH2Cl2)中,用三氟甲磺酸二烷基硼如三氟甲磺酸二正丁基硼[(C4H9)2BSO3CF3]处理化合物ⅩⅥ约10分钟。于约-10℃至约0℃、优选约-6℃至约-3℃加入叔胺碱如二异丙基乙胺,历时约20-约40分钟,优选约30分钟。将混合物于约-50℃至约-85℃、优选约-78℃搅拌约20-40分钟、优选约30分钟,然后用化合物ⅩⅦ于-50℃至-85℃、优选约-78℃处理约20-40分钟,优选约30分钟。将混合物于约-10℃至约5℃、优选约0℃搅拌约30-90分钟、优选约60分钟,然后用pH7缓冲水溶液(如KH2PO4和NaOH的水溶液)骤停反应,并用甲醇、过氧化氢(优选30%过氧化氢)于约-5℃至约5℃、优选约0℃处理约1小时。产物用萃取法分离,用合适的溶剂(如己烷/乙酸乙酯)结晶,得到化合物ⅩⅧ。
另一方式,步骤D3也可以在合适的惰性有机溶剂(如CH2Cl2)中、于约-60℃至约0℃、优选约-25℃至约15℃、最佳约-20℃用四氯化钛(TiCl4)处理化合物ⅩⅥ约10分钟。用约10分钟的时间缓慢加入四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)或TMEDA与三乙胺的混合物,同时将温度维持在约-25℃至约-10℃。将混合物于约-25℃至约-10℃、优选约-15℃至约-10℃搅拌30-90分钟,优选约60分钟,然后用式ⅩⅦ化合物处理。将混合物于约-25℃-至约10℃、优选约-15℃至约10℃搅拌30-90分钟,优选约60分钟,然后搅拌30-60分钟,优选约40分钟,同时升温到约0℃-约10℃,优选约10℃。混合物用酒石酸水溶液、优选约10%酒石酸水溶液骤停反应。产物用合适的溶剂(如乙酸乙酯)萃取分离,并用合适的溶剂(如乙酸乙酯/己烷)重结晶,得到化合物ⅩⅧ。
在步骤D4中,将化合物ⅩⅧ用过氧化氢、优选30%过氧化氢在惰性有机溶剂(如THF/水)中于约-5℃至约5℃、优选约0℃处理约10-20分钟、优选约15分钟,然后用碱(如氢氧化锂)于约-5℃至约5℃、优选约0℃处理,在约2-4小时内,优选约3小时,直到按薄层色谱法测定无残存起始物为止。通过往混合物中缓慢加入亚硫酸钠水溶液(约30-90分钟,优选约70分钟),还原过量的过酸。真空除去大部分溶剂,残余物用水稀释。用合适的惰性有机溶剂(如甲苯)萃取,从混合物中回收化合物Ⅳ。剩下的水溶液用盐酸酸化到pH约2.0-约3.0、优选pH约2.4。产物用合适的惰性有机溶剂(如乙酸乙酯)萃取分离,得到化合物ⅩⅨ。
在步骤D5中,化合物ⅩⅨ与化合物ⅩⅩ、脱水偶合剂(如二环己基碳化二亚胺,即DCC)和活化剂(如1-羟基苯并三唑,即HOBT)反应,反应在合适的惰性有机溶剂(如二甲基甲酰胺或乙腈)中进行,反应温度约为25℃-50℃、优选约40℃。继续进行反应,在约4小时内,直到用薄层色谱测知消耗掉起始物为止。
在步骤D6中,ⅩⅪ化合物通过用三苯膦或优选三烷基膦(如三正丁基膦)和偶氮二羧酸二烷基酯(如偶氮二甲酸二乙酯,即DEAD)处理而环化。环化在合适的无水有机溶剂(如无水THF)中进行,并采用干燥的惰性气氛(如氮气);环化温度约为-50℃至-85℃。优选约-70℃,时间约为1-3小时,优选约2小时。然后,反应在约室温下持续约12-约24小时。用制备高效液体色谱法纯化产物,得到具有反式相对立体化学构型的式Ⅰ化合物。在该步骤中使用三丁基膦,使反应产率显著高于用三苯膦得到的产率。
另一方式,步骤D6也可在合适的溶剂(如二氯甲烷)中将化合物ⅩⅪ和合适的相转移催化剂(如四正丁基硫酸氢铵)混合。搅拌混合物,同时冷却到约0℃-20℃、优选约10°-约20℃,然后用碱(如碱金属氢氧化物)水溶液、优选50%氢氧化物水溶液处理。在20-60分钟、优选约30分钟内,缓慢加入二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯、优选2,6-二氯苯甲酰氯或2,4,6-三氯苯甲酰氯。将混合物于约0℃-约25℃、优选约15℃-约20℃搅拌2-4小时,优选约3小时,然后倒入冷水中。分离有机层,并用水洗成中性pH。用二氯甲烷/庚烷结晶法分离产物二-或三-氯苯甲酸酯。在合适的溶剂,如二氯甲烷和甲基叔丁基醚的混合物中,将该二-或三-氯苯甲酸酯产物与合适的相转移催化剂(如苄基三乙基氯化铵)混合。混合物于约0℃-约25℃、优选约15℃-约20℃进行搅拌,并用碱(如碱金属氢氧化物)水溶液、优选50%氢氧化钠水溶液处理。搅拌2-6小时、优选约4小时之后,把混合物倒入冰水中。有机层用水洗成中性pH。通过除溶剂分离产物,然后色谱纯化,并用合适的溶剂重结晶,得到具有反式相对立体化学构型的式Ⅰ化合物。
步骤D6的第三种供选择的方案是在相转移催化剂如四正丁基硫酸氢铵或苄基三乙基氯化铵存在下,在合适的溶剂(如CH2Cl2)中用氯代磷酸二烷基酯(优选氯代磷酸二乙酯)和碱(如碱金属氢氧化物)水溶液、优选50%的氢氧化钠水溶液处理化合物ⅩⅪ。
步骤D6的另一种供选择的方案是用二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯(优选2,6-二氯苯甲酰氯或2,4,6-三氯苯甲酰氯)和合适的碱(如氢化钠)在合适的溶剂(如CH2Cl2,二甲基甲酰胺,或其混合物)中处理化合物ⅩⅪ。产物经分离,色谱纯化,然后用合适的溶剂(如乙醚/己烷)重结晶。
原料化合物ⅩⅢ,ⅩⅤ,ⅩⅦ和ⅩⅩ均为市售品或本领域公知品,并可借助已知方法制备。
方法E:
式Ⅰa化合物也可这样制备:在三乙胺、三丁胺或二乙基异丙胺之类的碱存在下,在CH2Cl2、庚烷或甲苯之类的惰性溶剂中,用式Ⅻ的活化的羧酸衍生物处理式Ⅳ亚胺。式Ⅻ的活化的羧酸衍生物的例子有酰氯(L=Cl),由苯基磷二氯化物(L=OP(O)(Cl)OC6H5)形成的混合酸酐,以及由酸和N-甲基-2-氯碘化吡啶鎓(L=2-氧-N-甲基碘化吡啶鎓)反应形成的N-甲基吡啶鎓酯。
式Ⅳ和Ⅴ的起始物是已知的或可按本领域公知方法制备。
在步骤F1中,将化合物ⅩⅥ(得自方法D,步骤2)溶于合适的溶剂如二氯甲烷,然后在干燥的惰性气氛(优选氮气)下,在约-60℃至约0℃、优选约-25℃至约-15℃用四氯化钛处理约5分钟。加入TMEDA,在约-60℃至约-10℃、优选约-25℃至约20℃下搅拌混合物约1小时。用20-40分钟、优选约30分钟缓慢加入亚胺(A-CH=N-R4),并将混合物于-60℃至约0℃、优选约-25℃至约-15℃搅拌20-40分钟、优选约30分钟。然后,将混合物升温到约0℃,并用高效液体色谱法监测反应,直至反应完全。然后把混合物倒入酒石酸的水溶液(优选10%酒石酸)中。用合适的溶剂(如乙酸乙酯)萃取分离产物,然后用结晶法纯化。
在步骤F2中,步骤F1的产物在合适的惰性有机溶剂(如CH2Cl2)中于约-20℃至约10℃、优选约0℃用强的非亲核碱(如,双三甲基甲硅烷基氨化锂或钠)处理。搅拌混合物,同时逐渐升温到约20℃-约25℃,然后用高效液相色谱监测反应直到消耗掉原料(一般在1~2小时后)。把反应混合物倒入酒石酸水溶液(优选10%酒石酸),并从有机层中分离出产物。
按照本领域公知的方法,从式A-CHO的醛和式R4-NH2的胺制备出式A-CH=N-R4的亚胺。式A-CHO的醛和式R4-NH2的胺是市售品或可按已知方法制备。
式Ⅱ化合物可按照式Ⅰ化合物介绍的类似方法制备。
显然,本领域专业人员参考以下实施例后可将式Ⅰ和Ⅱ化合物用公知方法转变成同一通式的不同化合物。例如,其中A包括双键或三键的式Ⅰ化合物或其中G包括双键或三键的式Ⅱ化合物可通过在催化剂(如钯/炭或铂/炭)存在下用氢气处理而转变成相应的饱和化合物。
在以上方法中不涉及的反应活性基团可在反应中与能在反应之后用标准方法除去的常用的保护基保护。下表3示出了一些典型的保护基:
本发明人发现,本发明的化合物可降低血清类脂水平,特别是血清胆甾醇含量。业已发现,本发明的化合物可抑制胆甾醇的肠吸收和显著降低动物体中肝胆甾醇酯的形成。某些化合物在体外试验中也能抑制ACAT。所以,本发明的化合物根据其抑制胆甾醇的酯化和/或肠吸收性,为低血胆甾醇剂;因此它们可用于治疗和预防哺乳动物、特别是人的动脉粥样硬化。
除了该化合物方面,本发明还涉及一种降低血清胆甾醇水平的方法,该方法包括给需要这种治疗的哺乳动物服用低血胆甾醇有效量的本发明的式Ⅰ或Ⅱ的化合物。这种化合物最好在宜口服的药用载体中给药。
用以下方法测定式Ⅰ或Ⅱ化合物的体外和活体内活性。
ACAT试验(体外)
本试验测定ACAT活性,即测定ACAT中介的、氚化油酸由酰基-CoA转移至甾胆醇以得到标记油酸胆甾醇酯的情况。大鼠的肝微生物用作ACAT源。试验是在圆底微滴定板中进行,其总的培育体积为50μl。各培育孔接受10μl试验缓冲液(0.5M KH2PO4,10μM二硫苏糖醇,pH7.4)7.5μl 40mg/ml BSA(牛血清白蛋白)和12.5μg微粒蛋白质。加入试验化合物(足够量,以使最终浓度为0.1-25μM)、参比化合物或在载体对照物,并使最终体积为47μl。然后,将微滴定板浮在37℃水浴表面上放15分钟。加入3μl3H-酰基CoA(1μ Ci/孔,最终浓度为10μM酰基CoA)开始培育。然后,将测板再拿到水浴中放15分钟。到中止培育,从每个培育孔取15μl加到薄层色谱板的(Silica Gel GF20×20cm)各行道。将标准物加到几个行道中以便能鉴定胆甾醇酯带。干燥之后,将各板用90∶10∶1石油醚∶乙醚∶乙酸洗脱。借助于碘蒸汽目测标准物,并将相当于胆甾醇酯的区域刮入7ml闪烁管中。各管中加入4ml闪烁剂,并测定放射性。用煮过的对照物测定本底数。由在载体物存在下的活性测定全活性。从对照和试验样品中减去本底数,计算抑制率%,试验值以对照组的百分率计。对于IC50测定,在对数坐标上画出抑制率对药物剂量的关系曲线,并确定得到50%抑制率的浓度。
用高血脂仓鼠的低血脂剂活体内试验
将仓鼠分成6组,给它们吃控制胆甾醇的饮食(Purina Chow#5001,含0.5%胆甾醇),共7天。监测饮食消耗以确定饮食的胆甾醇在试验化合物前的暴露情况。一旦每日开始按量饮食,用试验化合物给动物下药。下药是采用口服(管饲法)0.2ml单独玉米油(对照组)或试验化合物于玉米油中的溶液(或悬浮液)。给所有濒死的或体力差的动物实施安死术。7天后,注射1M克他命麻醉并断头杀死。将血液收集到含EDTA的管中进行血浆类脂分析和组织活化的肝的类脂分析。数据以类脂相对对照组的降低百分数表示。
本发明还涉及含有本发明式Ⅰ或Ⅱ的化合物和药用载体的药物组合物。式Ⅰ式Ⅱ化合物可以任何传统的口服剂型给药,例如胶囊、片剂、粉末、扁囊剂、悬浮液或溶液。采用常用的药用赋形剂和添加剂和传统的技术可制备制剂和药物组合物。这类药用赋形剂和添加剂包括无毒的相容性填料、粘合剂、崩解剂、缓冲剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、润滑剂、香味剂、增稠剂、着色剂、乳化剂等等。
式Ⅰ或Ⅱ化合物的低血胆甾醇剂的日剂量为约7-约30mg/千克体重·天。因此,对于70千克的平均体重,剂量水平为约500-约2000mg药/天,并可一次或分2-4次给药。但是,确切的剂量由临床医师决定,并取决于患者的年龄、体重、症状和反应情况以及对药物的响应。
以下是制备式Ⅰ和Ⅱ化合物的例子。所列的立体化学构型是相对立体化学构型,除非另外注明。术语顺式/反式意指当各为单取代时(即R=H)在β-内酰胺的3-和4-位处的相对方向。
以下实施例中:mp=熔点,p=对位,m=间位,o=邻位,cis=顺,trans=反,Me=甲基,Et=乙基,Bu=丁基,Ph=苯基,MS=质谱,NMR=核磁共振。
实施例1
在78℃氮气下,通过将23.96ml(17.39g,172mmol)二异丙胺溶于230ml无水THF(四氢呋喃)新制备二异丙基氨化锂(LDA)。加入103.9ml(166mmol,1.6M,于己烷中)正丁基锂并于-78℃搅拌1小时。往该冷溶液中加32.58g(158mmol)5-苯基戊酸乙酯的195ml无水THF溶液,历时约1小时,同时使反应温度保持在低于-65℃。于-78℃搅拌1小时,然后加入38.13g(158mmol)4-甲氧基亚苄基茴香胺的350ml无水CHCl溶液。让反应物缓慢升到室温,溶液中开始形成沉淀。于室温搅拌反应混合物16小时。将混合物分配在1.2升1N盐酸水溶液和1升乙醚之间。用300ml 1N HCl洗涤醚层。合并酸层并用1升乙醚萃取。合并醚萃取液,用硫酸镁干燥并真空浓缩。用约200ml乙酸乙酯-己烷(1∶1)结晶残余物(35.08g,55%),得到32.05g标题外消旋化合物。灰白色晶体,mp=90-93℃。
用类似方法也可得到表4和4A所示的以下化合物:
实施例2
步骤1:将39.1ml(117.2mmol)乙基溴化镁加到31.00g(97.6mmol)(-)-10-(二异丙基磺酰氨基)异冰片(见Oppolzer等人,Tet.Lett.25(1984),P.5885)的370ml 无水THF溶液(0℃)。于0℃搅拌混合物0.5小时,然后室温下搅拌0.5小时。将37.74ml(39.67g,117.2mmol)5-苯基戊酸酐加到该混合物中(0℃),室温搅拌过夜。把混合物倒入1升的半饱和的NaHCO3并用两份各800ml的己烷萃取。用Na2SO4干燥合并的己烷层并真空浓缩。在约800g SiO2上,分三份色谱分离残余物(57.35g),用2%乙酸乙酯-CH2Cl2洗脱,得到所需酯(42.07g,90.2%),FAB MS:(M+1)479。
步骤2:用实施例1类似的方法,处理步骤1的酯,用200ml 1N HCl水溶液洗涤醚层,用MgSO4干燥并真空浓缩。在1kg SiO2上色谱分离残余物,用20%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,得到24.19g(79%)回收的醇和25.66g(66%)标题富含对映体的β-内酰胺。可在ChiralcelTMOD柱(Daicel Chemical Industries,Ltd.,Fort Lee,NJ)上用色谱法进一步富化内酰胺,用10%异丙醇-己烷洗脱。所得对映纯的(3S,4S)化合物用乙醚-己烷结晶,得到白色固体,mp=84-85℃,〔α〕25 D=-98.0°(MeOH)。
用类似方法,也可制备出以下对映纯的(3R,4R)化合物(实施例2A):
(m.p.=84-85℃;FAB MS:(M+1)402.2;[α]25 D=+98.0°(MeOH))
实施例3
在-78℃氮气下,通过将0.68ml(0.58g,4.11mmol)异丙基环己胺溶于20ml THF新制备的异丙基环己基氨化锂(LICA)的溶液。加入2.58ml(4.03mmol)正丁基锂(1.6M,得自Aldrich,Milwaukee,WI)并于-78℃搅拌1小时。将1.04g(2.61mmol)实施例1K化合物溶于5ml无水THF的溶液加入上述溶液中。于-78℃两小时后,加入2.8ml(2.89g,16mmol)六甲基磷三酰胺,然后加入0.33ml(641mg,4.11mmol)乙基碘(-78℃)。于室温搅拌混合物过夜。用40ml 1N HCl水溶液骤停反应,并用两份各50ml的CH2Cl2萃取。合并CH2Cl2层并依次用50ml 1N HCl水溶液和50ml Na2SO3洗涤。用MgSO4干燥并真空浓缩。在40g SiO2上色谱分离残余物,用20%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,得到0.95g(83%)标题化合物:无色油,FAB MS:(M+1)426.4。
用类似方法,也可制备表5和5A所示化合物:
实施例4
在-78℃氮气下,将溶于2ml 无水THF中的100mg(0.30mmol)实施例1V的反式β-内酰胺加到1.22ml(0.32mmol)LDA(1.5M,得自Aldrich,Milwaukee,WI)的0.5ml 无水THF溶液中。于-78℃搅拌5分钟,然后用约0.3ml乙酸低温骤停反应。将混合物分配在30ml乙酸乙酯和20ml水之间。用20ml 10% NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机层,用MgSO4干燥和真空浓缩,得到98mg油状白色固体。在SiO2上色谱分离残余物,用20%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,得到26mg白色固体状顺式β-内酰胺,mp=141.3-142.3℃。
实施例5
将32.05g(79.8mmol)实施例1的外消旋顺式β-内酰胺溶于500ml THF。加入1.79g(16.0mmol)叔丁醇钾并于0℃搅拌1.5小时。将反应混合物分配在600ml 1N HCl水溶液和1.2升乙醚之间。用400ml乙醚萃取水层,合并醚层、MgSO4干燥并真空浓缩,得到32.0g顺式和反式β-内酰胺(2.7∶1)的混合物。用硅胶高效液相色谱法离析纯的反式β-内酰胺,用10%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱。用乙酸乙酯-己烷结晶,得到白色晶体,mp=96.0-97.5℃。
用与实施例5类似的方法可得到下表6和6A所示化合物:
实施例6
将200mg(0.47mmol)实施例3G的β-内酰胺溶于4ml乙酸乙酯,加入约10mg 10%Pd/C。于1大气压氢化4小时。用硅藻土过滤混合物并浓缩。用40g SiO2色谱分离残余物,用20%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,得到188mg(94%)无色油状标题β-内酰胺,CIMS:(M+1)428.1
实施例7
往正在回流的4.33g(0.0205mol)N-(4-甲氧基亚苄基)苯胺和7.6g(0.0410mol)三丁基胺的40ml庚烷溶液中分数份加入4.03g(0.0205mol)5-苯基戊酰氯的15ml庚烷溶液,历时约2小时,然后再回流溶液4小时。蒸发溶剂,将残余物用150ml乙酸乙酯处理。用1N HCl(2×30ml)、饱和NaHCO3(1×30ml)和盐水(1×30ml)洗涤,然后用硫酸镁干燥和蒸发,得到7.69g半固体。用15%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液重结晶,得到3.08g标题化合物,mp=75-76℃。通过色谱分离(硅胶,5%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液)和重结晶法,从母液中又得到2.31g。
用与实施例7类似的方法可制备表7和7A所示的以下化合物:
实施例8
在1大气压氢气和室温下,将981mg(3.01mmol)上述实施例1AK的顺式β-内酯和20mg 10%钯-炭于10ml乙酸乙酯的混合物搅拌24小时。用硅藻土过滤混合物并真空浓缩。用50g SiO2色谱分离残余物,用40%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,得到818mg(92%)浅黄色固体状标题化合物,mp=142.0-142.5℃。
用类似方法,可得到表8和8A中所示的下述化合物;用传统方法,化合物8A的氨基和化合物8B的氨基可用叔丁氧羰基(BOC)保护,分别得到化合物8G和8H。
实施例9
步骤1:合并5-苯基戊酸(89.9g,0.504mol)和亚硫酰氯(89.3ml,1.225mmol),加热到70℃并回流1小时。真空蒸馏(50-100mg Hg)除去过量的亚硫酰氯并往所得残余物中加200ml无水甲苯。再次真空蒸馏,然后往粗的5-苯基戊酰氯中加入180ml无水THF,并在下步中直接使用所得溶液。
步骤2:在干燥的氮气氛中,合并76.g(0.4289mol)R-(+)-4-苄基噁唑烷酮和1.3升无水THF。将所得溶液冷却到-78℃,并加入1.6M正丁基锂的己烷溶液278ml,历时30-40分钟。另外再搅拌30分钟,然后加入步骤1的溶液,历时45分钟。让混合物升温到0℃并搅拌1小时。加入673.6ml K2CO3(1M水溶液)骤停反应并搅拌1小时。于30-35℃真空蒸除THF。用1升水稀释残余物并用3×800ml CH2Cl2萃取。合并有机萃取液并用800ml水洗涤,然后再用800ml盐水洗涤。硫酸钠干燥有机萃取物,过滤,然后真空浓缩成油状物。将该油溶于200ml己烷,然后真空蒸除己烷。将己烷处理步骤再重复两遍,然后将该油溶于1.7ml CH2Cl2。所得溶液直接用于下步骤。
步骤3:在干燥的氮气氛中,将步骤2的溶液冷却到-5℃-0℃。加入129.8ml三氟甲磺酸二正丁基硼,同时将反应混合物保持于-6℃-3℃。加入之后,搅拌混合物10分钟,然后加入97.12ml二异丙基乙胺,同时再次保持-6℃-3℃。加入之后,将混合物于0℃搅拌30分钟,然后冷却到-78℃并搅拌30分钟。加入57.4ml对-茴香醛并将混合物于-78℃搅拌30分钟,然后于0℃搅拌1小时。在将温度维持在0℃-5℃的同时,用加入688.2ml pH7缓冲液(68g KH2PO4,12g NaOH和800ml水)的方法骤停反应,然后加入473ml 30%H2O2并将混合物于0℃搅拌1小时。用3×600ml己烷∶乙酸乙酯(1∶1)萃取混合物,合并有机萃取液并用800ml 饱和NaHCO3(水溶液)洗涤,再用800ml 盐水洗涤。用Na2SO4干燥有机萃取物,过滤并蒸发成油状物。用己烷/乙酸乙酯(1∶1)使该油结晶,得到176g白色固体状产物。
步骤4:合并步骤3的产物(170g,0.36mol)、1595ml THF和400ml水,搅拌混合物并冷却到约3℃。在15分钟内,往混合物中加入226ml(2.156mol)30%H2O2,然后在30分钟加入LiOH(36.2g,0.862mol)的400ml水的溶液。将反应混合物于0℃-5℃搅拌3小时。70分钟内,加入272g亚硫酸钠的850ml水的溶液,同时使温度保持在27℃。真空浓缩溶剂,并加水7升。用4×1.7升甲苯萃取。用3N HCl将水层酸化到pH=2.4。用1份2.6升、两份1.7升的乙酸乙酯萃取。合并乙酸乙酯萃取液,用盐水洗涤,Na2SO4干燥,过滤,然后蒸发,得到白色固体状产物(112g)。
步骤5:合并步骤4的产物(19.47g,62mmol)、400ml乙腈、9.49g(62mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、22.91g(186mmol)对一茴香胺和14.05g(68.2mmol)二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)。将反应混合物于40℃搅拌4小时,并用薄层色谱(6∶4己烷/乙酸乙酯)确定原料的消耗情况。将混合物浓缩到其体积的1/3并分配在300ml水和300ml乙酸乙酯之间。过滤有机层,然后用200ml 1N HCl洗涤,再用两份各100ml的饱和NaHCO和两份各100ml的盐水洗涤。用Na2SO4干燥有机层并浓缩,得到棕色固体状的产物(24g)。
步骤6:在干燥的氮气氛中,合并步骤5的产物(115g,0.2745mol)和2.3升THF并冷却到-70℃。边搅拌混合物,边加入137ml(0.551mol)三正丁基膦的113ml THF溶液和163ml(1.03mol)偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(DEAD),历时2小时。让混合物升温到室温并搅拌过夜。真空除溶剂。用CH2Cl2/己烷/乙酸乙酯(70∶24∶6)作洗脱剂,通过硅胶柱过滤残余物。蒸掉溶剂并用制备高效液相色谱(硅胶,15%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化残余物,得到88g(3R,4S)纯的对映异构体标题化合物,[α]25 D=-19.3°(甲醇)。
实施例10
将溶于1∶1乙醇∶乙酸乙酯中的实施例7AU的化合物(0.686g,0.0012mole)在0.70g 10%钯-炭上于50psi氢化16小时。色谱分离所得产物(硅胶,80∶20己烷∶乙酸乙酯),得到0.432g标题化合物,mp=160-161℃。
基本上采用同样方法得到以下化合物:
实施例10A
元素分析:C25H25NO3
理论值:C 77.49,H 6.50,N 3.61
实测值:C 77.47,H 6.46,N 3.74
实施例11
往烧瓶中加入实施例7J化合物(27g,73.6mmol)、丙酮(0.6升)、水(1.3ml,73mmole)和对甲苯磺酸一水合物(15.4g,81.1mmole)。将溶液于22℃搅拌5.5小时,并用过滤的方法收集产物(34.1g)。用甲醇重结晶,得到标题化合物:26.0g(79%产率),mp=200-202℃。
实施例12
在半小时内,往实施例11的产物(0.60g,1.36mmole)、三乙胺(0.14g,1.4mmole)的CHCl(2ml)溶液中滴加苯基乙酰氯(0.310g,2.0mmole)。5小时之后,将反应混合物浓缩至干,残余物用色谱法(硅胶,2∶1 己烷∶乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到0.27g(51%产率)的标题化合物,mp=212-218℃。
基本上用同样方法得到以下物质
实施例13
往实施例11的产物(0.80g,1.8mmole)、CH2Cl2(15ml)和30%四丁基氢氧化铵水溶液(2.36ml,3.64mmole)的双相混合物中加入对甲苯磺酰氯(0.515g,2.7mmole)。2小时之后,将混合物用1×1N HCl、2×H2O洗涤,并将有机层用MgSO4干燥。浓缩,然后用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得到0.38g(50%产率)标题化合物,mp=204-205℃。
实施例14
往实施例11的产物(0.8g,1.8mmole)、甲醇(20ml)和三乙胺(0.19g,1.8mmole)的溶液中加入苯乙醛(0.44g,3.6mmole)。0.25小时后,将NaBH3CN(0.172g,2.7mmole)和ZnCl2(0.174g,1.3mmole)加到反应混合物中。3.5小时后,将反应物用氯化铵骤停,真空部分浓缩,并溶于CH2Cl2。有机层用水洗涤二次,干燥和浓缩,得到粗产物。用CH2Cl2重结晶,得到0.44g(65%产率)标题化合物,mp=138-139.5℃。
基本上用同样方法得到以下化合物:
往室温下的实施例1AS化合物(5.1g,9.8mmole)的THF(25ml)溶液中加入49ml(49mol)1M四丁基氟化铵(49ml,49mmol,1M,于THF中)。使混合物搅拌过夜。薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)指示出消耗掉原料。把反应混合物转移到分液漏斗中,分配在饱和氯化铵和乙醚之间,用乙醚萃取。合并乙醚萃取物,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩,得到残余物。色谱分离后(SiO2,30-40%,乙酸乙酯/己烷)得到3.31g(84%)标题化合物,mp=91-92℃。
基本上按同样方法得到以下化合物:
于室温,将MnO2(0.64g,7.4mmol)加到实施例15A化合物(0.20g,0.5mmol)的CH2Cl2(50ml)溶液中。薄层色谱(20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)示出消耗掉原料。用硅藻土过滤混合物,用CH2Cl2充分洗涤滤饼。浓缩滤液后得到0.19g(95%)标题化合物,mp=129-130℃。
基本上用同样方法得到以下化合物:
mp 100-101℃
实施例17
于室温,将间氯过苯甲酸(0.16g,0.092mmol)加到实施例1AU化合物(0.31g,0.74mmol)的CH2Cl2(4ml)溶液中。通过薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应的进程。消耗掉原料之后(约1小时),加入Ca(OH)2(0.1g,1.3mmol)。混合物再搅拌15分钟。用硅藻土过滤混合物,滤饼用CH2Cl2充分洗涤。使用足够的硅胶浓缩滤液,直到获得自由流动的粉末。将所得粉末装到装有硅胶和5%甲醇/CH2Cl2的色谱柱中。用5%甲醇/CH2Cl2洗脱,得到0.26g标题亚砜(实施例17)(熔点134-135℃)和0.50g同类的砜:
基本上用同样方法得到以下化合物:
将实施例1AW化合物(1.72g,3.49mmol)、20ml THF和3N HCl(20ml)的混合物回流过夜。通过薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应。消耗掉原料后,将混合物冷却到室温,用饱和NaHCO3中和并且用乙酸乙酯萃取。合并萃取液,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成固体。用CH2Cl2/甲醇重结晶,得到0.322g标题化合物,mp=190.5-191.5℃。
基本上用同样方法得到以下化合物:
将NaBH3CN(0.19g,3.0mmol)和ZnCl2(0.21g,1.5mmol)的甲醇溶液加入到室温下的实施例16A产物(1.0g,2.5mmol)和吗啉(0.44ml,5.0mmol)的THF溶液中。通过薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应。消耗掉原料之后,将混合物用0.1N NaOH(120ml)稀释,并在旋转蒸发器上除掉有机溶剂。用乙酸乙酯萃取所得溶液。合并萃取液,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成固体。用乙醚/己烷重结晶,得到0.81g(69%)的标题化合物,mp=100-101℃。
基本上用同样方法得到以下化合物:
实施例20
用薄层色谱监测(5%甲醇/CH2Cl2),将实施例1AR化合物(1.10g,2.95mmol)、15%H2O2(0.45ml)的乙酸(3ml)溶液加热到100℃,历时3小时。消耗掉起始化合物之后,冷却到室温,用饱和碳酸钠中和并用乙酸乙酯稀释。过滤混合物并用水和盐水洗涤滤液,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成固体。色谱分离残余物(硅胶,10%甲醇/CH2Cl2)得到标题化合物,FAB MS(M+1)=389。
实施例21
往实施例15A产物(0.46g,1.15mmol)和甲基碘(0.21ml,3.45mmol)的无水DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)溶液中加入新制备的AgO(0.40g,1.73mmol)。通过薄层色谱监测(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷),加热混合物到40-45℃。加入成比例量的AgO和甲基碘,直到薄层色谱指示消耗掉起始化合物为止。冷却到室温,分配在水和乙酸乙酯之间,并用乙酸乙酯萃取。合并乙酸乙酯萃取液,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成残余物。色谱分离残余物(硅胶,30%乙酸乙酯/己烷)得到标题化合物,FAB MS(M+1)=416。
基本上按同样方法得到以下化合物:
往实施例16产物(2.76g,6.94mmol)的丙酮(80ml)溶液中滴加新制备的琼斯试剂(8ml),同时反应温度维持在15-20℃。
用薄层色谱监测(5%甲醇/CH2Cl2)。消耗掉起始化合物后,用甲醇骤停反应。浓缩成残余物,并将其分配在CH2Cl2和水之间。用CH2Cl2萃取,合并萃取液,用水、10%Na2SO3水溶液和盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤和浓缩后,得到2.90g标题化合物,mp=64-65℃。
基本上按同样方法得到以下化合物:
噁室温下的实施例22A产物(0.30g,0.72mmol)、N-甲基吗啉(0.11ml,0.94mmol)、吗啉(0.13ml,0.42mmol)和HOBT(0.12g,0.87mmol)的CH2Cl2(8ml)溶液中加入EDCl(0.2g,1.03mmol)。搅拌混合物过夜。用薄层色谱(5%甲醇/CH2Cl2)监测。消耗掉起始化合物后,用CH2Cl2稀释,用1M HCl、水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成残余物。色谱分离残余物(SiO2,3%甲醇/CH2Cl2)得到0.3g(86%)标题化合物,mp=61-62℃。
往室温下的实施例22A(0.30g,0.72mmol)、N-甲基吗啉(0.11ml,0.94mmol)、乙醇(0.1ml,1.44mmol)和HOBT(0.12g,0.87mmol)的CH2Cl2(8ml)溶液中加入EDCl(0.2g,1.03mmol)。搅拌混合物过夜。用薄层色谱监测(5%甲醇/CH2Cl2)。消耗掉起始化合物后,用CH2Cl2稀释,用1M HCl、水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成残余物。色谱分离残余物(SiO2,3%甲醇/CH2Cl2),得到0.33g(100%产率)标题化合物,mp=76-77℃。
基本上按同样方法得到以下化合物:
实施例25
往实施例8B产物(0.26g,0.67mmol)、吡啶(3滴)的CH2Cl2(5ml)的溶液(0℃)中加入甲磺酰氯(0.05ml,0.67mmol)。混合物搅拌过夜。用薄层色谱监测(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)。消耗掉原料之后,用CH2Cl2稀释,用0.5M HCl、5%NaHCO3、水和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成残余物。色谱分离残余物(SiO2,50%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到0.18g(58%产率)标题化合物,FAB MS(M+1)=465。
用基本上同样的方法得到以下化合物:
室温下,往实施例8C产物(0.20g,0.52mmol)和三乙胺(0.11ml,0.79mmol)的CH2Cl2(3ml)溶液中加入乙酰氯(0.04ml,0.57mmol)。用薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测。消耗掉原料之后(约3小时),用CH2Cl2稀释,用5%NaHCO3、水和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩,得到0.19g(85%产率)标题化合物,mp=153-154℃。
实施例27
将实施例16产物(0.6g,1.5mmol)、盐酸羟胺(0.4g,4.5mmol)、乙酸钠(0.4g,4.5mmol)、甲醇(12ml)和水(5ml)的悬浮液回流过夜。用薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测,起始原料耗用后,蒸干,残余物分配在水和乙酸乙酯之间,用乙酸乙酯萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和浓缩成残余物。色谱分离(硅胶,20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)残余物,得到标题化合物,mp=98-99℃,和实施例27A:
将实施例17产物(3.2g,7.38mmol)、CH2Cl2(15ml)和三氟乙酸酐(15ml)的溶液回流15分钟。用薄层色谱(100%%乙酸乙酯)监测。消耗掉原料之后,蒸除大部分溶剂,冷却到室温,并蒸发。所得残余物溶于50%三乙胺/甲醇溶液(30ml),搅拌15分钟,在旋转蒸发器上蒸干。将残余物重新溶解在CH2Cl2中,用NH4Cl(饱和)洗涤,无水硫钠干燥,在足够的硅胶(1g 硅胶/mmol基质)上过滤和浓缩,得到自由流动的粉末。把粉末装入装有硅胶和30%乙酸乙酯/己烷的色谱柱中。用30-60%乙酸乙酯/己烷洗脱,得到2.65g(89%)残余物。用乙醚/CH2Cl2重结晶,得到标题化合物,mp=134-135℃。
实施例29
将实施例28产物(1.81g,4.49mmol)溶于THF(25ml),冷却到0℃。加入1N NaOH(5.39ml,5.39mmol),和氨水溶液(16.8ml,5.39mmol),然后加入cholorox(6.7ml,5.39mmol)。用薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应。消耗掉起始物之后,用乙酸乙酯稀释,用水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥和浓缩,得到该亚磺胺(1.88g)。
将该亚磺胺(1.88g,4.49mmol)溶于CH2Cl2(50ml),加入间氯过苯甲酸(1.70g,9.88mmol)。用薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应。消耗掉起始物后,用固体Ca(OH)2(1.78g,24.0mmol)停止反应,搅拌20分钟,在足够的硅胶上(1g SiO2/mmol基质)过滤并浓缩,从而得到自由流动的粉末。把粉末装入装有硅胶和50%乙酸乙酯/己烷的色谱柱中。用50%乙酸乙酯/己烷洗脱,得到0.49g(24%)标题化合物,mp=174-176℃。
实施例30
将BBr3(5.15ml,5.15mmol,在CH2Cl2中1M)加到实施例7·0化合物(0.768g,2.06mmol)的CH2Cl2(25ml)溶液中。用薄层色谱(30%乙酸乙酯)监测反应。消耗掉起始物后,用NaHCO3(饱和)和甲醇中止反应,搅拌30分钟,用NaHCO3(饱和)和水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,在足够的硅胶上(1g SiO2/mmol基质)过滤和浓缩,从而得到自由流动的粉末。把粉末装入装有硅胶和100%乙酸乙酯的色谱分离柱中。用100%乙酸乙酯洗脱,然后加入5%甲醇/乙酸乙酯,得到0.234g(32%)标题化合物,CIMS(M+1)=359。
实施例31
将实施例16产物(0.23g,0.6mmol)、乙二醇(0.2ml,3.6mmol)、对甲苯磺酸和甲苯(5ml)的混合物回流过夜。用1H核磁共振与薄层色谱(50%乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应。冷却到室温,用NaHCO3(饱和)、水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥并浓缩,得到0.27g(100%)标题化合物,EIMS(M)=443。
基本上按同样方法得到以下化合物:
实例31A
EIMS(M)=443
实施例32
将388mg(1.00mmol)实施例8F化合物和180mg(1.20mmol)chloramine-T Nal的4.6ml二甲基甲酰胺溶液进行搅拌。加入377mg(1.2mmol)
并于室温搅拌18小时。反应混合物分配在30ml 1N HCl和30ml乙酸乙酯中。用10% Na2SO3水溶液洗涤有机层并用硫酸镁干燥有机溶液。真空浓缩并色谱分离(硅胶,40%乙酸乙酯-己烷)残余物,得到170mg标题化合物,CI MS(M+1)=514,和41mg二碘代类似物(实施例32A):
CIMS(M+1)=640
实施例33
于0℃,搅拌400mg(0.96mmol)实施例8E化合物于25ml乙酸和5ml水中的混合物,并加入133mg(1.92mmol)NaNO2的4.7ml水溶液。0℃搅拌20分钟,加入212mg(3.26mmol)NaN3的9ml水溶液并搅拌3小时,同时升温到室温。用乙酸乙酯稀释和用NH4OH中和。用硫酸镁干燥有机层并浓缩成残余物。用乙醚-己烷重结晶残余物,得到标题化合物,mp=80-84℃。
实施例34
将300mg(0.77mmol)实施例8F化合物溶于3ml CH2Cl2,加入98μl(120mg,0.80mmol)3-甲酯基丙酰氯和146μl(109mg,0.84mmol)Hünig碱。室温搅拌1.5小时。再加入另一全份的酰氯和Hünig碱并再搅拌1小时。反应混合物分配在乙酸乙酯和1N HCl中。用硫酸镁干燥乙酸乙酯层并浓缩成残余物。色谱分离该残余物(SiO2,40%乙酸乙酯-己烷)并通过1级碱性氧化铝过滤,用50%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,得到334mg(86%)标题化合物,EI MS(M+)=501.25。
实施例35
将苄基溴(0.44g)加到实施例15B(1.0g)的丙酮(15ml)溶液中(含0.715g K2CO3)。将反应混合物回流加热26小时。然后把反应混合物倒入水中并用乙酸乙酯萃取产物。粗产物用乙酸乙酯/己烷重结晶,得到0.908g(74%产率)所需产物,mp=115-116℃。
基本上按相同的方法得到以下化合物:
CIMS(M+1)=474
元素分析:C27H29NO3
理论值:C 78.04,H 7.03,N 3.37
实测值:C 78.00,H 7.02,N 3.55
实施例36
将实施例7AI化合物(0.19g)冷却到-20℃。往里加入二乙基锌的甲苯溶液(4.3ml 1.1M溶液),然后加入二碘甲烷(2.56g)。在3小时内,让反应混合物缓慢升到室温。然后用5分钟的时间将反应混合物加热到45℃。冷却之后,反应混合物用NH4Cl水溶液处理,并将产物用乙醚萃取。有机层用水、盐水洗涤并浓缩得到残余物。将残余物用色谱法(SiO2,乙酸乙酯/己烷(3∶7))纯化,得到标题化合物(0.17g,88%产率),元素分析:
理论值:C 78.42,H 6.58,N 3.39
实测值:C 78.32,H 6.48,N 3.61
实施例37
步骤(a)
在一个配有冷凝器和干燥管的500ml圆底烧瓶中混合5-苯基戊酸(89.9g,0.504mol)和SOCl2(89.3ml,1.225mol)。将烧瓶加热到70℃并使反应保持在回流温度1小时。真空蒸馏(50-100mm Hg)过量的SOCl2并往所得混合物中加入200ml无水甲苯。第二次真空蒸馏,以除去甲苯和任何残存的SOCl2。将188ml无水THF加到反应器中存留的粗的酰氯中,并将所得溶液直接用于下步骤。
步骤(b)
在无水氮气氛中,合并76g(0.4289mol)R-(+)-4-苄基噁唑烷酮和1.3升无水THF。把所得溶液冷却到-78℃,并加入278ml 1.6M正丁基锂的己烷溶液,历时30-40分钟。加入之后,再搅拌混合物30分钟。在45分钟时间内,加入得自步骤(a)的5-苯基戊酰氯溶液。让混合物升到0℃,并搅拌1小时。加入673.6ml K2CO3(1M水溶液)骤停反应并搅拌1小时。在30-35℃真空蒸出THF。用1升水稀释残余物,并用三份各800ml 的CH2Cl2进行萃取。合并有机萃取液并用800ml水、然后800ml盐水洗涤。用MgSO4干燥有机萃取液,过滤,然后真空浓缩成油状物。将该油状物溶于200ml己烷,然后真空蒸馏出己烷。再用己烷处理两遍,然后将该油溶于1.7ml CH2Cl2。所得溶液直接用于下步骤。
在干燥的氮气氛中,将得自步骤(b)的溶液冷却到-5℃-0℃。以能使反应混合物的温度维持在-6℃--3℃的速率加入129.8ml三氟甲磺酸二正丁基硼。加入之后,搅拌混合物10分钟,然后以维持反应混合物在-6℃--3℃的速率加入97.12ml二异丙基乙基胺。加入之后,于0℃搅拌混合物30分钟,然后将混合物冷却到-78℃并搅拌30分钟。加入57.4ml对-茴香醛并于-78℃搅拌混合物30分钟,然后于0℃搅拌1小时。在将温度维持在0℃-5℃的同时,加入688.2ml pH7缓冲液(68g KH2PO4,12g NaOH和800ml水)骤停反应,然后加入473ml 30%HO和于0℃搅拌所得混合物1小时。用三份各600ml己烷∶乙酸乙酯(1∶1)萃取混合物。合并有机萃取液并用800ml饱和NaHCO3(水溶液)洗涤,然后用800ml盐水洗涤。用硫酸钠干燥有机萃取液,过滤和蒸发成油状物。用己烷/乙酸乙酯(1∶1)结晶该油状物,得到176g白色固体状产物。
合并步骤(c)产物(170g,0.36mol)、1595ml THF和400ml水,搅拌混合物并冷却到约3℃。用15分钟,往混合物中加入226ml(2.156mol)30% H2O2,然后加入LiOH(36.2g,0.862mol)的400ml 水溶液,历时30分钟。于0℃-5℃,搅拌反应混合物3小时。加入272g Na2SO3的850ml水溶液,历时70分钟,同时温度保持在27℃。真空蒸出大部分溶剂,并加水7升。用四份各1.7升甲苯萃取。用四份各1.7升甲苯萃取。用3N HCl酸化水层到pH3.4。用1份2.6升和2份1.7升的乙酸乙酯萃取。合并乙酸乙酯萃取液,用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,然后蒸发,得到白色固体状产物,112g。
合并步骤(d)产物(19.47g,62mmol)、400ml乙腈、9.49(62mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBT)、22.91g(186mmol)对茴香胺和14.05g(68.2mmol)二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)。于40℃搅拌反应混合物4小时,通过薄层色谱(6∶4己烷/乙酸乙酯)确定起始物的消耗情况。将混合物浓缩到其体积的1/3,并分配在300ml 水和300ml乙酸乙酯之间。过滤有机层,然后用200ml 1N HCl洗涤,然后用两份各100ml的饱和NaHCO3和两份各100ml盐水洗涤。用硫酸钠干燥有机层和浓缩,得到固体状产物(24g)。
在干燥的氮气氛中,合并步骤(e)产物(115g,0.2745mol)和2.3升THF并冷却到-70℃。搅拌混合物,同时加入137ml(0.551mol)三正丁基膦的113ml THF溶液和163ml(1.03mol)偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(DEAD),历时2小时。让反应混合物升到室温并搅拌过夜。真空除溶剂。用CH2Cl2/己烷/乙酸乙酯(70∶24∶6)作洗脱剂,通过硅胶柱过滤残余物。蒸发溶剂,并通过制备高效液相色谱(硅胶,15%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化残余物,得到88g(80%产率)的该β-内酰胺产物。
将实施例33.7g(0.1mol)实施例37(步骤b)的产物溶于200mlCH2Cl2,得到的溶液冷却到-20℃。搅拌冷却的溶液并加入11ml(0.1mol)TiCl4。于-20℃搅拌混合物10分钟,然后用10分钟缓慢加入30ml(2当量)四亚甲基乙二胺(TMEDA),同时使温度保持在-10℃以下。于-15℃至-10℃搅拌混合物70分钟,然后加入24ml(2当量)对茴香醛。于-15℃至-10℃搅拌1小时,然后让混合物升到10℃,同时搅拌40分钟。加入600ml 10%酒石酸水溶液骤停反应,然后加入600ml乙酸乙酯。充分搅拌,然后分层,再用200ml乙酸乙酯萃取水相。合并有机萃取液并用水、饱和NaHCO3(水溶液)和水依次洗涤。用无水Na2SO4干燥有机溶液,过滤,然后浓缩成残余物。用100ml乙酸乙酯加210ml己烷的混合物结晶残余物,得到36.8g所需化合物,该化合物可用于实施例37的步骤(d)。
将500g(0.85mol)实施例37(步骤e)的产物溶于1700ml CH2Cl2,然后加入4.0g(12mmol)四正丁基硫酸氢铵。搅拌混合物,同时冷却到10℃-20℃并加入50% NaOH水溶液(200g)。在30分钟内,往搅拌着的混合物中缓慢加入60g(285mmol)2,6-二氯苯甲酰氯。于15℃-20℃继续搅拌3小时,然后把混合物倒入2000ml冷水中。分层,水洗有机层直至得到中性pH。蒸馏二氯甲烷,使体积减小到800ml。回流加热溶液并加入800ml庚烷。将热溶液冷却到0℃进行结晶。过滤收集产物,得到116g该二氯苯甲酸酯产物。
将500g(0.85mol)步骤(a)产物与250g(1.1mol)苄基三乙基氯化铵、2000ml CH2Cl2和8000ml甲基叔丁基醚合并。搅拌混合物,同时冷却到15℃-20℃,然后加入1000ml 50% NaOH水溶液,用时10分钟。搅拌混合物4小时,然后倒入5000ml水和4千克冰中。分层,水洗有机层,直到pH为中性。蒸馏出溶剂,使体积减小到2000ml,然后过滤。蒸发滤液得到残余物,硅胶色谱纯化残余物,得到粗产物。用0℃、6倍体积的1∶2甲基叔丁基醚和庚烷的混合物结晶,得到产物(240g)。
实施例40
步骤(a)
将3.23g(10mmol)实施例37(步骤b)的产物溶于50ml CH2Cl2,然后在氮气氛下搅拌,同时冷却到-20℃。加入10ml(10mmol)1M TiCl4的CH2Cl2溶液,搅拌混合物5分钟,然后加入1.5ml(10mmol)TMEDA。于-25°至-20℃搅拌混合物1小时,然后用30分钟缓慢加入4.8g(20mmol)席夫碱(得自茴香醛和对茴香胺,呈溶于50ml CH2Cl2的溶液形式)。于-20℃搅拌混合物30分钟,然后逐渐升温到0℃。用高效液相色谱(Zorbax
Sil柱,1∶4乙酸乙酯/己烷)监测反应,同时于0℃进行搅拌,直至反应完毕。倒入50ml 10%酒石酸水溶液骤停反应。用乙酸乙酯萃取,然后依次用饱和NaHCO3(水溶液)和盐水洗涤有机萃取液。用无水硫酸纳干燥有机溶液,过滤,然后浓缩,得到粗产物。用乙酸乙酯/己烷结晶,得到纯化的产物。
步骤(b):
将0.505g(0.89mmol)步骤(a)的产物溶于25ml CH2Cl2,得到的溶液于0℃搅拌,然后用1.77ml(1.77mmol)1M的双-三甲基甲硅烷基氨化钠的THF溶液处理。搅拌混合物,同时升温到室温,然后继续搅拌,直至按高效液相色谱测定消耗掉起始物为止(典型地1-11/2小时)。将混合物加入到10%酒石酸(水溶液)中骤停反应。有机层依次用饱和NaHCO3(水溶液)和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤和浓缩,得到标题化合物。
以下制剂是本发明剂型的一些例子。在各制剂中,术语“活性化合物”规定为式Ⅰ或Ⅱ的化合物,优选为(3R,4S)-1,4-双-(4-甲氧基苯基)-3-(3-苯基丙基)-2-氮杂环丁酮。但是,该化合物可用同样有效量的其它式Ⅰ或Ⅱ化合物替代。
实施例A
片剂
编号 成分 mg/片 mg/片
1 活性成分 100 500
2 乳糖USP 122 113
3 玉粉淀粉,食品级,10%纯水中的糊 30 40
4 玉米淀粉,食品级 45 40
5 硬脂酸镁 3 7
总计 300 700
生产方法
在合适的混合机中将1和2号成分混合10-15分钟。用3号成分将混合物造粒。需要的话,通过粗筛子(如,1/4″,0.63cm)研磨湿颗粒。干燥湿颗粒。需要的话,将干燥的颗粒过筛,并与4号成分混合,混合时间为10-15分钟。加入5号成分,混合1-3分钟。用适当的压片机将混合物压制成合适的尺寸和重量。
实施例B
胶囊
编号 成分 mg/片 mg/片
1 活性成分 100 500
2 乳糖USP 106 123
3 玉米淀粉,食品级, 40 70
4 硬脂酸镁NF 4 7
总计 250 700
生产方法
在合适的混合机中将1,2和3号成分混合10-15分钟。加入4号成分,并混合1-3分钟。用合适的封装机,将混合物装入合适的两件式硬明胶囊中。
采用上述试验方法,对优选化合物得到以下活体内和体外试验数据,在下表中的化合物由相应的实施例编号所示。对于体外ACAT数据,负百分抑制率代表表观激发率,而正数代表抑制率。对于活体内结果,数据表示为相对于对照组的变化百分率,因此,负数指示正面的脂质降低作用。
Claims (23)
1、一种具有以下结构式的化合物或其药用盐:
其中:
A是-CH=CH-B;
-C≡C-B;
-(CH2)p-X-B,p是0,1或2且X是一个键,-NH-或-S(O)0-2-;杂芳基,苯并稠合杂芳基,W-取代的杂芳基或W-取代的苯并稠合杂芳基,其中杂芳基选自:吡咯基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吡嗪基,三嗪基,咪唑基,噻唑基,吡唑基,噻吩基,噁唑基和呋喃基,以及含氮杂芳基的N-氧化物,且其中W是环碳原子上的1-3个取代基,它们选自低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14-苯氧基,二氧戊环基,-NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,卤素,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧甲基,-C(O)R12和-CH2 ,以及其中当取代的杂芳环氮原子上有取代基时,它们选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,-C(O)OR5,-C(O)R5,OH,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,-S(O)2NH2和2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基;
-C(O)-B;或
D是B′-(CH2)mC(O)-,其中m是1,2,3,4或5;
B′-(CH2)q-,其中q是2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(CH2)e-Z-(CH2)r-,其中Z是-O-,-C(O)-,亚苯基,-NR8-或-S(O)0-2-,e是0,1,2,3,4或5且r是1,2,3,4或5,条件是e和r之和是1,2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-;B′-(C4-C6亚二烯基)-;
B′-(CH2)t-Z-(C2-C6亚烯基)-,其中Z定义如上,且其中t是0,1,2,或3,条件是t和亚烯基中碳原子数之和是2,3,4,5或6;
B′(CH2)f-V-(CH2)g-,其中V是C3-C6亚环烷基,f是1,2,3,4或5,g是0,1,2,3,4或5,条件f和g之和为1,2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(CH2)t-V-(C2-C6亚烯基)-或B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-V-(CH2)t其中V和t如上述,条件是t和该亚烯基链中碳原子数之和2,3,4,5或6;
B′-(CH2)a-Z-(CH2)b-V-(CH2)d-,其中Z和V定义如上,且a,b和d独立地为0,1,2,3,4,5或6,条件是a,b和d之和是0,1,2,3,4,5或6;
T-(CH2)5-,其中T是C3-C6环烷基且s是1,2,3,4,5或6;
或
萘基甲基,杂芳基甲基,或W-取代的杂芳基甲基,其中杂芳基和W定义如上;
B是
B′是萘基,杂芳基或W-取代的杂芳基,其中杂芳基定义如上,或
R是氢,氟,C1-C15烷基,C1-C15链烯基,C1-C15炔基,或B-(CH2)h-,其中h是0,1,2或3;
R1,R2和R3独立地选自H,低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷基氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14苯氧基,二氧戊环基,NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,邻-卤代,间一卤代,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(0)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基,-C(O)R12,
,或R1是氢且R2和R3与其相连碳原子一起构成二氧戊环;
R2′,R1′R3′独立地选自H,低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14-苯氧基,二氧戊环基,NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,卤素,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基,-C(O)R12,
或R1′是氢且R2′和R3′与其相连的碳原子一起构成二氧戊环;
R4是
n是1,2或3;2,3-二氧化茚基,苯并呋喃基,苯并二噁唑基,四氢化萘基,吡啶基,吡嗪基,嘧啶基或喹啉基;
R5是低级烷基,苯基,R14-苯基,苄基或R14-苄基;
R6是OH,低级烷基,苯基,苄基,R14-苯基或R14苄基;
R7是低级烷基,低级烷氧基,OH,卤素,-NR10R11,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,NO2,-CN,-N3,-SH,-S(O)0-2-(低级烷基),-COOR9,-CONR10R11,-COR12,苯氧基,苄氧基,-OCF3,或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基,且当n是2或3,R7基可相同或不同;
R8是H,低级烷基,苯基低级烷基,或-C(O)R9;
R9是H,低级烷基,苯基或苯基低级烷基;
R10和R11独立地选自H和低级烷基;
R12是H,OH,烷氧基,苯氧基,苄氧基,
,-NR10R11,低级烷基,苯基或R14-苯基;
R13是-O-,-CH2-,-NH-或-N(低级烷基)-;以及
R14是1-3个基团,独立地选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,-COOH,NO2,-NR10R11,OH或卤素。
2、权利要求1的化合物,其中R是氢。
3、权利要求1或2的化合物,其中D是B′-(CH2)q-、B′-(CH2)e-Z-(CH2)r-、B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-或B′-(CH2)f-V-(CH2)g-,其中B′,Z,V,q,e,r,f和g如权利要求1中所定义。
4、权利要求3的化合物,其中D是B′-(CH2)g-,式中B′是苯基且q是3或4;B′-(CH2)e-Z-(CH2)r-,其中B′是对-氟苯基或对-甲氧基苯基,e是0,Z是-O-且r是2;B′-(C2-C6亚烯基)-是3-苯基-1-丙烯基-;或B′-(CH2)f-V-(CH2)g-,其中B′-苯基,f是1,V是亚环丙基,且g是0。
5、权利要求1,2,3或4的化合物,其中A是-(CH2)p-X-B,式中X、B和p如权利要求1中所定义。
6、权利要求5的化合物,其中p是0且X是单键。
7、权利要求6的化合物,其中R1、R2、R3是选自H、OH、低级烷氧基、NO2、烷氧烷氧基、间-卤代、低级烷基低级烷二酰基、NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-、烯丙氧基、苯氧基、烷氧羰基烷氧基以及-C(O)R12。
8、权利要求1,2,3,4,5,6或7的化合物,R4是苯基,R7取代的苯基或2,3-二氢化茚基。
9、权利要求8的化合物,其中R7选自低级烷基、低级烷氧基、卤素、-OCF3、低级烷硫基、-NR10R11、-CN、OH和-COR12。
10、一种包括降低胆甾醇有效量的以下结构式Ⅱ的化合物或其药用盐以及药用载体的药物组合物:
其中
R20是苯基,W-取代的苯基,萘基,W-取代的萘基,苯并二噁唑基,W-取代的杂芳基,苯并稠合的杂芳基和W-取代的苯并稠合杂芳基,其中杂芳基选自吡咯基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吡嗪基,三嗪基,咪唑基,噻唑基,吡唑基,噻吩基,噁唑基和呋喃基,以及其中含氮杂芳基的N-氧化物;
R21,R22和R23独立地选自H或R20;
W是1-3个取代基,独立地选自低级烷基,羟基低级烷基,低级烷氧基,烷氧基烷基,烷氧基烷氧基,烷氧羰基烷氧基,(低级烷氧基亚氨基)低级烷基,低级烷二酰基,低级烷基低级烷二酰基,烯丙氧基,-CF3,-OCF3,苄基,R14-苄基,苄氧基,R14-苄氧基,苯氧基,R14-苯氧基,二氧戊环基,NO2,-NR10R11,NR10R11(低级烷基)-,NR10R11(低级烷氧基)-,OH,卤素,-NHC(O)OR5,-NHC(O)R5,R6O2SNH-,(R6O2S)2N-,-S(O)2NH2,-S(O)0-2R10,叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基甲基,-C(O)R12,
;
E,F和G独立地是单键;C3-C6亚环烷基;C1-C10亚烷基;C1-C10亚烯基;C1-C10亚炔基;被一个或多个独立地选自苯基、W-取代的苯基、杂芳基和W-取代的杂芳基所取代的上述亚烷基、亚烯基或亚炔基链;被一个或多个独立地选自-O-、-S-、-SO-,-SO2-、-NR8,-C(O)-、C3-C6亚环烷基、亚苯基、W-取代的亚苯基、亚杂芳基和W-取代的亚杂芳基隔断的上述亚烷基、亚烯基或亚炔基链;或被一个或多个独立地选自苯基、W-取代的苯基、杂芳基和W-取代的杂芳基所取代的上述隔断的亚烷基、亚烯基或亚炔基链;或者R21-E和R22-F之一选自卤素,OH,低级烷氧基,-OC(O)R5,-NR10R11,-SH或-S(低级烷基);
R5是低级烷基,苯基,R14-苯基,苄基或R14-苄基;
R6是OH,低级烷基,苯基,苄基,R14-苯基或R14-苄基;
R8是H,低级烷基,苯基低级烷基或-C(O)R9;
R9是H,低级烷基,苯基或苯基低级烷基;
R10和R11独立地选自 H和低级烷基;
R13是-O-,-CH2-,-NH-或-N(低级烷基)-;
R14是1-3个基团,独立地选自低级烷基,低级烷氧基,-COOH,-NR10R11,NO2,OH或卤素;
条件是当G是一单键,R23不为H,且当R23是W-取代的苯基时,W不为对位卤素。
11、权利要求 1的化合物,选自在实施例1,1A-1M,1P,1AM-1AZ,1BA-1BZ,1CA-1CI,1CM-1CO,3,3A-3O,5,5B-5M,5O-5Z,5AA-5AB,7,7A-7I,7M-7Z,7AA,7AB,7AE,7AI-7AK,7AM-7AU,8B-8F和8H中制备的物质。
12、权利要求1或10的化合物,选自表1中所列的物质。
13、权利要求1,10或11的化合物,该化合物是(3R,4S)-1,4-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-3-(3-苯丙基)-2-氮杂环丁烷酮。
14、权利要求10的化合物,其中给药的化合物选自实施例1-40中制备的物质。
15、权利要求1的化合物在生产能降低血清胆甾醇药品的用途。
16、权利要求1的化合物在生产能抑制酶酰基CoA:胆甾醇酰基转移酶的用途。
17、一种制备如权利要求10所述的药物组合物的方法,该方法包括混合如权利要求10所述的化合物和药用载体。
18、一种在需要治疗的哺乳动物中降低血清胆甾醇含量的方法,该方法包括服用有效量的权利要求10的组合物。
19、一种抑制酶乙酰基CoA:胆甾醇酰基转移酶的方法,即:给需要治疗的哺乳动物服用有效量的权利要求10的组合物。
20、一种制备权利要求1的化合物的方法,其中R是H,D和A具有反式相对立体化学构型,该方法包括通过用
(ⅰ)偶氮二羧酸二烷基酯和三烷基膦处理;或
(ⅱ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯、碱水和相转移催化剂处理,然后再用碱水和相转移催化剂处理所得的二-或三-氯苯甲酸酯;或者
(ⅲ)氯代磷酸二烷基酯、碱水和相转移催化剂处理;或
(ⅳ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯和碱金属氢化物处理,
环化下式的羟酰胺
其中A,D和R4如权利要求1中所定义。
21、一种制备以下结构式的权利要求1的化合物的方法,
其中D,A和R4如权利要求1中所定义,该方法包括以下步骤:
a)使式D-CH2COOH的羧酸(其中D定义如上)与氯化剂反应,
b)用强碱将下式手性噁唑烷酮脱质子
其中R18和R19独立地选自氢、C1-C6烷基、苯基、萘基、取代的苯基、取代的萘基和苄基,并用步骤a)的产物处理所得阴离子;
c)用以下物质将步骤b)的产物烯醇化;
(ⅰ)三氟甲磺酸二烷基硼和叔胺碱;或
(ⅱ)TiCl4和四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)或TMEDA和三乙胺的混合物;
然后与式A-CHO 的醛(其中 A定义如上)缩合,
d)用碱和过氧化氢水解步骤c)的产物,
e)使步骤d)产物与式R4NH2的胺(其中R4定义如上)进行缩合,即:用脱水偶合剂处理,任选地加入活化剂,以及
f)使步骤e)产物与:
(ⅰ)偶氮二羧酸二烷基酯和三烷基膦反应;或者
(ⅱ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯、碱水溶液和相转移催化剂反应,然后用碱水溶液和相转移催化剂处理所得二-或三-氯苯甲酸酯;或者
(ⅲ)氯代磷酸二烷基酯、碱水溶液和相转移催化剂;或者
(ⅳ)二-或三-氯苯甲酰氯和碱金属氢化物反应,使步骤(e)产物环化。
23、一种制备权利要求1的化合物的方法,该方法包括:
(a)用强碱处理式D-CH(R)-C(O)OR17的酯(其中R17是低级烷基、
基或10-(二异丙基磺酰氨基)异冰片基),然后用式A-CH=N-R4的亚胺(A和R4如权利要求1中定义)处理;或
(b)为制备R不为氢的权利要求1的化合物,使权利要求1R为氢的化合物与强碱和烷基化剂或酰化剂反应;或
(c)为制备R为氢的权利要求1的化合物,使权利要求1R为氢、D和A具有反式相对构型的化合物与强碱于-80℃至-40℃反应,然后再与质子源反应;或
(d)为制备R为氢且D和A具有反式相对立体化学构型的权利要求1的化合物,使权利要求1R为氢、D和A具有顺式相对立体化学构型的化合物与碱金属叔丁醇盐反应,然后再用酸急停反应;或
(e)在叔胺碱存在下,使式D-CH(R)-C(O)-Z的羧酸衍生物,其中D和R如权利要求1中所定义,Z为Cl,
与式A-CH=N-R4的亚胺反应,其中A和R4如权利要求1中所定义。
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US734,426 | 1985-05-15 | ||
US73442691A | 1991-07-23 | 1991-07-23 | |
US73465291A | 1991-07-23 | 1991-07-23 | |
US734,652 | 1991-07-23 |
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EP (2) | EP0596015B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2525125B2 (zh) |
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BG (1) | BG61118B2 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ14294A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69222532T2 (zh) |
EE (1) | EE9400342A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2107548T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI940296A0 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT67341A (zh) |
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- 1992-07-21 CZ CS94142A patent/CZ14294A3/cs unknown
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- 1992-07-21 DE DE69222532T patent/DE69222532T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-21 SK SK79-94A patent/SK7994A3/sk unknown
- 1992-07-21 ES ES92916790T patent/ES2107548T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-21 EP EP19920112425 patent/EP0524595A1/en active Pending
- 1992-07-21 JP JP5502964A patent/JP2525125B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-22 YU YU72092A patent/YU72092A/sh unknown
- 1992-07-22 NZ NZ243669A patent/NZ243669A/en unknown
- 1992-07-22 IE IE237492A patent/IE922374A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-07-22 CN CN92108760A patent/CN1069024A/zh active Pending
- 1992-07-23 MX MX9204327A patent/MX9204327A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-19 US US07/962,768 patent/US5306817A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-01-07 US US08/179,008 patent/US6093812A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-01-21 FI FI940296A patent/FI940296A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-01-21 NO NO940221A patent/NO940221D0/no unknown
- 1994-01-21 OA OA60459A patent/OA09878A/en unknown
- 1994-02-24 BG BG098565A patent/BG61118B2/bg unknown
- 1994-11-23 EE EE9400342A patent/EE9400342A/xx unknown
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1090479C (zh) * | 1992-12-23 | 2002-09-11 | 先灵公司 | 一种胆固醇生物合成抑制剂与一种β-内酰胺胆固醇吸收抑制剂的联合 |
CN1071745C (zh) * | 1993-07-09 | 2001-09-26 | 先灵公司 | 合成氮杂环丁酮类化合物的方法 |
CN1050830C (zh) * | 1993-09-21 | 2000-03-29 | 先灵公司 | 氮杂环丁烷酮类化合物及其医药用途 |
CN1083833C (zh) * | 1994-11-18 | 2002-05-01 | 先灵公司 | 用作降胆固醇剂的硫取代的氮杂环丁烷酮类化合物 |
CN103254107A (zh) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 东华大学 | 一种依泽替米贝类似物及其制备方法 |
CN103254107B (zh) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-10-21 | 东华大学 | 一种依泽替米贝类似物及其制备方法 |
CN103524486A (zh) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-22 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | N-喹啉基取代的β-内酰胺类化合物及其药物组合物和合成方法与应用 |
CN103524486B (zh) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | N-喹啉基取代的β-内酰胺类化合物及其药物组合物和合成方法与应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY131273A (en) | 2007-07-31 |
JP2525125B2 (ja) | 1996-08-14 |
MX9204327A (es) | 1994-07-29 |
US5306817A (en) | 1994-04-26 |
TW223059B (zh) | 1994-05-01 |
YU72092A (sh) | 1995-12-04 |
FI940296A (fi) | 1994-01-21 |
HUT67341A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
EP0524595A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
OA09878A (en) | 1994-09-15 |
EP0596015B1 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
EP0596015A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
EE9400342A (et) | 1996-04-15 |
BG61118B2 (bg) | 1996-11-29 |
DE69222532T2 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
IE922374A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
HU9400185D0 (en) | 1994-05-30 |
AU2398092A (en) | 1993-02-23 |
NZ243669A (en) | 1994-12-22 |
AU658441B2 (en) | 1995-04-13 |
JPH06508637A (ja) | 1994-09-29 |
NO940221L (no) | 1994-01-21 |
NO940221D0 (no) | 1994-01-21 |
IL102582A0 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
FI940296A0 (fi) | 1994-01-21 |
ES2107548T3 (es) | 1997-12-01 |
CZ14294A3 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
DE69222532D1 (de) | 1997-11-06 |
WO1993002048A1 (en) | 1993-02-04 |
SK7994A3 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
US6093812A (en) | 2000-07-25 |
ATE158789T1 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
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