CN1715982A - 用于光学构件的固定方法和光学装置 - Google Patents

用于光学构件的固定方法和光学装置 Download PDF

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CN1715982A
CN1715982A CNA2005100742074A CN200510074207A CN1715982A CN 1715982 A CN1715982 A CN 1715982A CN A2005100742074 A CNA2005100742074 A CN A2005100742074A CN 200510074207 A CN200510074207 A CN 200510074207A CN 1715982 A CN1715982 A CN 1715982A
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lens
retaining member
fixed component
component
optical
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CN100354676C (zh
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清田真人
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/025—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses using glue
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1664—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1667—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
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    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B29C66/12821—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/026—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses using retaining rings or springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lens Barrels (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用激光光束辐照来将光学构件固定到保持构件上的固定方法。该方法包括下列步骤：将光学构件插入保持构件，提供固定构件，将固定构件安装到保持构件上，该保持构件具有布置在两者之间的光学构件，以及使激光光束穿过固定构件辐射到保持构件上。

Description

用于光学构件的固定方法和光学装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于光学构件(例如照相的透镜)的固定方法，其中利用激光焊接来将该光学构件连接并固定到保持构件上，本发明还涉及一种固定有这种光学构件的光学装置。
背景技术
在常规的光学设备(例如照相机或摄影机)中，采用多种方法来固定透镜。近年来，由于照相机或摄影机的尺寸变小且可用于固定透镜的空间也变小，因此通常采用利用粘接剂来固定透镜的方法。此外，已知一种利用所谓的热填隙来固定透镜的方法，其中使一部分透镜支架热变形。
但是，当通常采用利用粘接剂来将透镜固定到透镜支架等上的方法时，粘接剂可能侵入透镜的有效直径内，或者可能从透镜支架上凸出，这会引起生产控制的困难。此外，固化的粘接剂的收缩可能使透镜变形。而且，施加的粘接剂的量会随着施加位置而变化，从而引起透镜变形，因此可能得不到所需的光学性能。而且，当紫外线固化树脂可以作为用于粘接光学元件(例如透镜)的粘接剂的例子时，使紫外线固化树脂固化所需的紫外线辐照时间为几秒到几十秒。完全固化该粘接剂还需要更多的时间。因此，即使调整透镜的位置(例如通过校正偏心)，由于粘接剂的收缩不均匀，透镜位置也可能逐渐变化直到粘接剂完全固化。因此，透镜位置可能从所需的位置偏离。此外，当为塑料透镜时，由于紫外线的强烈辐照，透镜可能变黄。因此，透镜的色平衡可能发生变化。
在利用热填隙的固定方法中，热量也传导到需要加热的部分以外的部分。因此，需要加热的一部分以外的一部分透镜支架可能会变形。如果透镜或透镜支架的尺寸减小且用于安装其它部件的部分相互靠近，热量的影响还会增加。如果热过多地传导到透镜上，透镜可能会发生变形。
作为通过紫外线固化树脂来粘接或通过热填隙来解决用于固定透镜的问题的方法，日本公开专利申请No.2004-20867公开了一种利用激光焊接将透镜固定到一部件(例如透镜支架)上的技术。在该技术中，将激光光束辐射到透镜支架、取景器支架等等(由塑料制成)上，从而将塑料透镜固定到该支架上。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种用于将光学构件固定到保持构件上的方法以及一种光学装置。在本发明的一个方面，用于将光学构件固定到保持构件上的固定方法包括下列步骤：将光学构件插入到保持构件中；提供一固定构件；将固定构件安装到保持构件上，该保持构件具有布置在两者之间的光学构件；使激光光束穿过固定构件辐射到保持构件上。在本发明的另一方面，一种光学装置包括：具有外周部分的光学构件；用于保持该光学构件的保持构件，该保持构件包括壁部分，该壁部分用于面向光学构件的外周部分且具有端面，该保持构件由可吸收激光束的塑料制成；以及固定构件，该固定构件构造成与光学构件的外周部分接触和与保持构件的壁部分的端面接触，该固定构件由可透过激光束的塑料制成，该固定构件通过被激光光束熔融的一部分保持构件来固定到保持构件上，该激光光束穿过固定构件射到保持构件的所述一部分上。
通过阅读下面参考附图对本发明的实施例进行的详细描述，本发明的其它特点和优点对于本领域的技术人员会更清楚，其中在所有附图中，相同的参考符号用来指代相同的或类似的部件。
附图说明
包括在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明实施例并与说明书一起用来描述本发明的原理。
图1表示本发明的第一实施例的透镜装置在组装前的透视剖视图；
图2表示本发明的第一实施例的透镜装置在完成组装后的透视剖视图；
图3表示本发明的第二实施例的透镜装置在组装前的透视剖视图；
图4表示本发明的第二实施例的透镜装置在完成组装后的透视剖视图；
图5表示本发明的第三实施例的透镜装置在组装前的透视剖视图；
图6表示本发明的第三实施例的透镜装置在完成组装后的透视剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面参考附图详细描述本发明的实施例。
第一实施例
图1表示本发明的第一实施例的透镜装置在组装前的透视剖视图。图2表示该透镜装置在完成组装后的透视剖视图。下面参考附图1和2描述第一实施例的透镜装置的组装顺序。
首先，通过利用指定的方法，由玻璃或塑料制成的第一透镜12和由可吸收激光束的塑料制成的透镜支架11相对于光轴Z对准。然后，将第一透镜12在图1中以如下方式从下面装配到透镜支架11中：即第一透镜12的外周部分12a靠在透镜支架11的内周部分的透镜接触部分11a上。接着，由可透过激光束的塑料制成的第一透镜加压框架13从第一透镜12的下面装配到透镜支架11中。更具体而言，透镜支架11除了包括透镜接触部分11a外，还包括用于使第一透镜加压框架13的外周部分定位的框架邻接部分11b。第一透镜12包括用于使第一透镜加压框架13的内周部分定位的框架邻接部分12b。将第一透镜加压框架13装配到框架邻接部分11b和12b上。因此，透镜支架11、第一透镜12和第一透镜加压框架13相对于光轴Z基本对准。
接着，激光光束14在图1中从下面同时辐射到第一透镜加压框架13的多个部分上。更具体而言，激光光束14仅仅施加到第一透镜加压框架13的外周部分的多个部分上，该多个部分在位置上对应于透镜支架11的框架邻接部分11b。由于第一透镜加压框架13由可透过激光束的塑料形成，激光光束14穿过第一透镜加压框架13，然后被由可吸收激光束的塑料形成的透镜支架11的框架邻接部分11b吸收。接着，在框架邻接部分11b处，激光光束14转化成热量以便熔融透镜支架11的一些部分。该热量也熔融了第一透镜加压框架13的一些部分。在这种情况下，激光光束14不射到第一透镜12上，且第一透镜12布置成稍微远离焊接区域。因此，热量不影响第一透镜12。之后，当停止激光辐射时，熔融的塑料迅速冷却，第一透镜加压框架13和透镜支架11被焊接和粘接在一起，如图2所示。
第一透镜加压框架13的内径部分(其与框架邻接部分12b接触)作为光学孔限制器，用于减少来自孔部分的不需要的光束。尽管在图1中第一透镜加压框架13提供了圆形孔，但其也可以构造成提供四边形的孔。
然后，通过采用指定的方法，由玻璃或塑料制成的第二透镜15相对于光轴Z与透镜支架11对准。接着，第二透镜15装配到形成于透镜支架11内的壁11c和透镜接触部分11d上。接着，由可透过激光束的塑料制成的第二透镜加压框架16从第二透镜15的上面装配到透镜支架11中。更具体而言，透镜支架11还包括用于与第二透镜加压框架16的凹口部分16a接合的加压框架引导件11e，以便定位第二透镜加压框架16。通过使凹口部分16a与加压框架引导件11e接合，第二透镜加压框架16相对于透镜支架11定位。因此，透镜支架11的激光焊接部分11f与第二透镜加压框架16的激光接收部分16b保持紧密接触。在这种情况下，在第二透镜加压框架16的内周部分上形成的多个透镜加压部分16c使第二透镜15抵压透镜支架11。
接着，激光光束17在图1中从上面同时辐射到第二透镜加压框架16的外周部分的多个部分(激光接收部分16b)上。由于第二透镜加压框架16由可透过激光束的塑料形成，激光光束17穿过第二透镜加压框架16，然后被由可吸收激光束的塑料形成的透镜支架11吸收。然后，激光光束17在透镜支架11处转化成热量以便熔融透镜支架11的激光焊接部分11f。该热量也熔融了第二透镜加压框架16的一些部分。在这种情况下，激光光束17不射到第二透镜15上，第二透镜15布置成稍微远离焊接区域。因此，热量不影响第二透镜15。之后，当停止激光辐射时，熔融的塑料迅速冷却，第二透镜加压框架16和透镜支架11焊接和粘接在一起，如图2所示。
在第一实施例中，首先采用激光焊接来固定第一透镜12，接着采用激光焊接来固定第二透镜15。但是，本发明并不限于该顺序。例如，通过从两侧大约同时辐射激光光束，可以大约同时固定第一透镜12和第二透镜15。此外，可以仅将第一透镜12和第二透镜15之一用激光焊接固定或安装到透镜支架11上。
根据上述第一实施例，采用通过激光光束焊接(不采用粘接剂)来将第一透镜12固定在透镜支架11和第一透镜加压框架13之间，以及将第二透镜15固定在透镜支架11和第二透镜加压框架16之间。因此，可以实现高速和高精度的固定以及稳定的固定强度。
此外，由于激光光束不直接射到第一透镜12和第二透镜15上，可防止第一透镜12和第二透镜15遭受热变形。而且，第一透镜12和第二透镜15可以由玻璃制成，而不是象常规方法中那样将透镜材料限于可吸收激光束的塑料。此外，由于激光光束14或17大约同时辐射到多个部分上以便固定透镜12或15，因此可防止象常规方法中那样在激光焊接后透镜12或15的位置改变。因此可以维持透镜12或15的位置精度。此外，第一透镜加压框架13的内径部分可以构造成用作光学孔限制器，用于减少来自孔部分的不需要的光束。
第二实施例
图3表示本发明的第二实施例的透镜装置在组装前的透视剖视图。图4表示该透镜装置在完成组装后的透视剖视图。下面参考图3和4描述第二实施例的透镜装置的组装顺序。
首先，通过采用指定方法，将第一透镜22在图3中从下面装配到透镜支架21中。因此，第一透镜22固定到透镜支架21的第一透镜固定部分21d上。
接着，由玻璃或塑料制成的第二透镜25从透镜支架21的上面装配到透镜支架21的壁部分21a和透镜接触部分21b上。在该情况下，第二透镜25的直径构造得比透镜外壳部分的直径稍小，该透镜外壳部分由透镜支架21的壁部分21a和透镜接触部分21b构成。因此，第二透镜25装配到透镜支架21中，同时沿着垂直于光轴Z的方向在两者之间保持微小的间隙。然后，将由可透过激光束的塑料制成的第二透镜加压框架26从第二透镜25的上面安装到第二透镜25上。接着，通过采用指定方法使安装在第二透镜25上的第二透镜加压框架26沿着垂直于光轴Z的方向运动，使第二透镜25的光轴Z与第一透镜22的光轴Z对准。第二透镜加压框架26包括可弹性变形的透镜加压部分26a。当第二透镜25和第一透镜22以上述方式相对于光轴Z对准后，透镜支架21的激光焊接部分21c和第二透镜加压框架26的激光接收部分26b通过夹持装置(未示出)保持相互紧密接触。
然后，激光光束27在图3中从上面同时辐射到激光接收部分26b上，该激光接收部分26b在第二透镜加压框架26的外周部分上的多个部分处形成。由于第二透镜加压框架26由可透过激光束的塑料形成，激光光束27穿过第二透镜加压框架26，然后被由可吸收激光束的塑料形成的透镜支架21吸收。接着，激光光束27在透镜支架21处转换成热量以便熔融透镜支架21的激光焊接部分21c。该热量也熔融第二透镜加压框架26的一些部分。在该情况下，激光光束27不射到第二透镜25上，第二透镜25布置得稍微远离焊接区域。因此，热量不影响第二透镜25。之后，当停止激光辐射时，熔融的塑料迅速冷却，第二透镜加压框架26和透镜支架21焊接和粘接在一起，如图4所示。
然后，透镜支架21和第二透镜加压框架26通过夹持装置(未示出)从紧密接触的状态脱开。在该方面，由于第二透镜加压框架26的透镜加压部分26a具有弹力，用于使第二透镜25持续地抵压透镜支架21的透镜接触部分21b，所以该第二透镜25高度精确地定位，同时不会相对于透镜支架21变得不稳定。另外，即使在第二透镜25上偶然施加较大冲击，透镜加压部分26a通过弹性变形来吸收该冲击，从而可以防止第二透镜25破裂。
上述第二实施例除了具有第一实施例的优点外还具有下列优点。为了在激光辐射之前实施定位调整，可以移动第二透镜25的位置。即使稍微移动第二透镜25的位置，焊接区域的条件也没有改变，且没有必要改变激光设备的位置或设置。因此，第二透镜25可以具有恒定固定强度地固定在第二透镜加压框架26和透镜支架21之间。而且，由于在第二透镜加压框架26的多个部分设置具有弱弹性的可弹性变形的部分(透镜加压部分26a)，当第二透镜25固定到透镜支架21上时，可以防止第二透镜25变得不稳定。此外，如果在第二透镜25上偶然施加冲击，可弹性变形的部分通过弹性变形来吸收冲击，从而可以防止第二透镜25破裂。
第三实施例
图5表示本发明的第三实施例的透镜装置在组装前的透视剖视图。图6表示该透镜装置在完成组装后的透视剖视图。下面参考图5和6描述第三实施例的透镜装置的组装顺序。
首先，通过采用指定方法，第一透镜32在图5中从下面装配到透镜支架31中。因此，第一透镜32固定到透镜支架31的第一透镜固定部分31e上。
接着，由玻璃或塑料制成的第二透镜35从透镜支架31的上面装配到透镜支架31的壁部分31a和透镜接触部分31b上。然后，将由可透过激光束的塑料制成的第二透镜加压框架36从第二透镜35的上面安装到第二透镜35上。在该情况下，将第二透镜35大约同轴地装配到第二透镜加压框架36的内径部分中。此外，将第二透镜加压框架36构造成使其外周部分的中心稍微偏离其内周部分的中心，即，第二透镜加压框架36的外周部分36a和36b沿径向方向的厚度稍微不同。如上述构造的第二透镜加压框架36装配到透镜支架31的壁部分31c上。通常很难精确地将已固定到透镜支架31上的第一透镜32调整到光轴Z，且认为第一透镜31在固定的同时从光轴Z稍微偏离。因此，通过沿着透镜支架31的壁部分31c旋转第二透镜加压框架36，将第二透镜35的光轴Z调整到所需的位置，也就是调整到第一透镜32的光轴Z。第二透镜加压框架36包括可弹性变形的透镜加压部分36c。
如上所述，当第二透镜35的光轴Z与第一透镜32的光轴Z对准后，透镜支架31的激光焊接部分31d和第二透镜加压框架36的激光接收部分36d通过夹持装置(未示出)保持相互紧密接触。
然后，激光光束37在图5中从上面同时辐射到激光接收部分36b上，该激光接收部分36b在第二透镜加压框架36的外周部分上的多个部分处形成。由于第二透镜加压框架36由可透过激光束的塑料形成，激光光束37穿过第二透镜加压框架36，然后被由可吸收激光束的塑料形成的透镜支架31吸收。接着，激光光束37在透镜支架31处转换成热量以便熔融透镜支架31的激光焊接部分31d。该热量也熔融第二透镜加压框架36的一些部分。在该情况下，激光光束37不射到第二透镜35上，第二透镜35布置得稍微远离焊接区域。因此，热量不影响第二透镜35。之后，当停止激光辐射时，熔融的塑料迅速冷却，第二透镜加压框架36和透镜支架31焊接和粘接在一起，如图6所示。
然后，透镜支架31和第二透镜加压框架36通过夹持装置(未示出)从紧密接触的状态脱开。在该方面，由于第二透镜加压框架36的透镜加压部分36c具有弹力，用于使第二透镜35持续地抵压透镜支架31的透镜接触部分31b，所以该第二透镜35高度精确地定位，同时不会相对于透镜支架31变得不稳定。另外，即使在第二透镜35上偶然施加较大冲击，透镜加压部分36c通过弹性变形来吸收冲击，从而可以防止第二透镜35破裂。
上述第三实施例除了具有第一实施例的优点外还具有下列优点。由于将第二透镜加压框架36构造成使其外周部分的中心稍微偏离其内周部分的中心，通过沿着透镜支架31的壁部分31c旋转第二透镜加压框架36，可以将第二透镜35的光轴Z调整到所需的位置，也就是调整到第一透镜32的光轴Z。
在上述第一到第三实施例中，尽管将激光光束同时辐射到多个部分上，但并不要求严格地同时激光辐照。可以以一定的时间差来辐射激光光束而使得对透镜的位置精度没有影响，例如，该时间差可以是几十毫秒到几百毫秒。此外，要固定的物体并不仅限于透镜，而是可以包括透明玻璃或塑料板、诸如滤光器的光学构件等等。
此外，在第二或第三实施例中的第一透镜22或32对于本发明不是必要的。具有另一参考光学系统(未示出)的设备可以用来调整第二透镜25或35的光轴Z。
尽管参考示例实施例来描述本发明，应当理解，本发明并不仅限于所公开的实施例。相反，本发明包括在所附权利要求的主旨和范围内的多种修改和等效装置。赋予下列权利要求的范围最广泛的诠释，以便包括所有的这种修改和等效结构和功能。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于将光学构件固定到保持构件上的固定方法，其步骤包括：
将所述光学构件插入所述保持构件；
提供一固定构件；
将所述固定构件安装到所述保持构件上，该保持构件具有布置在所述固定构件和保持构件之间的所述光学构件；以及
使激光光束穿过固定构件辐射到保持构件上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的固定方法，其特征在于：所述安装步骤包括将所述固定构件安装到所述保持构件上，以便使所述固定构件的光学构件接触部分与所述光学构件接触，所述固定构件的保持构件接触部分与所述保持构件接触；所述辐射步骤包括辐射激光光束而使其穿过所述固定构件的保持构件接触部分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的固定方法，其特征在于：所述保持构件由可吸收激光束的塑料制成，所述固定构件由可透过激光束的塑料制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的固定方法，其特征在于：所述安装步骤包括：使所述保持构件具有引导部分，该引导部分构造成引导所述固定构件，所述固定构件具有凹口部分，该凹口部分构造成与该引导部分接合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的固定方法，其特征在于：所述提供步骤包括构造所述固定构件，以便使该固定构件的外周部分的中心偏离该固定构件的内周部分的中心。
6.根据权利要求1所述的固定方法，其特征在于：所述提供步骤包括：使所述固定构件具有冲击吸收部分，该冲击吸收部分构造成吸收施加在所述光学构件上的冲击，所述光学构件固定在所述保持构件上。
7.一种光学装置，其包括：
具有外周部分的光学构件；
用于保持该光学构件的保持构件，该保持构件包括壁部分，该壁部分用于面向该光学构件的外周部分且具有端面，该保持构件由可吸收激光束的塑料制成；以及
固定构件，该固定构件用于与该光学构件的外周部分接触以及与该保持构件的壁部分的端面接触，该固定构件由可透过激光束的塑料制成，通过使激光光束穿过该固定构件射到保持构件的一部分上来熔融该部分保持构件，将该固定构件固定到保持构件上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的光学装置，其特征在于：所述固定构件包括接触所述光学构件的接触部分。
9.根据权利要求7所述的光学装置，其特征在于：所述保持构件包括用于引导所述固定构件的引导部分，所述固定构件包括用于与该引导部分接合的凹口部分。
10.根据权利要求7所述的光学装置，其特征在于：所述固定构件构造得使所述固定构件的外周部分的中心与所述固定构件的内周部分的中心偏离。
11.根据权利要求7所述的光学装置，其特征在于：所述固定构件包括冲击吸收部分，该冲击吸收部分用于吸收施加到所述光学构件上的冲击，所述光学构件通过所述保持构件来保持。
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