CN1630510B - 药物形式的阿托伐他汀钙、其组合物和包含阿托伐他汀钙的药物制剂 - Google Patents
药物形式的阿托伐他汀钙、其组合物和包含阿托伐他汀钙的药物制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1630510B CN1630510B CN028064739A CN02806473A CN1630510B CN 1630510 B CN1630510 B CN 1630510B CN 028064739 A CN028064739 A CN 028064739A CN 02806473 A CN02806473 A CN 02806473A CN 1630510 B CN1630510 B CN 1630510B
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- Prior art keywords
- atorvastatin
- atorvastatin calcium
- pharmaceutical preparation
- mixture
- preparation
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- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
阿托伐他汀钙,化学名为(R-(R*,R*))-2-(4-氟苯基)-β,δ-二羟基-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-((苯基氨基)羰基)-1H-吡咯-1-庚酸半钙盐的物质,已知其作为HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂,并用作抗高胆固醇血症药。市场上可以获得的药物组合物形式的阿托伐他汀通常被制成它的钙盐,因为它能使阿托伐他汀被方便地配制成药物制剂,例如用于口服给药的片剂、胶囊剂、散剂等。阿托伐他汀钙可以以无定形形式或至少四种已知的结晶形式(形式I、形式II、形式III和形式IV)之一存在。阿托伐他汀钙是水溶性非常小的物质,其pKa为4.5,且已发现结晶形式比无定形形式溶解性更小,这可能导致阿托伐他汀在体内的生物利用度问题。本发明解决了这样一个问题,即不管用于制备阿托伐他汀药物制剂的阿托伐他汀钙是何种形式(结晶、无定形或二者的混合物),都提供阿托伐他汀药物制剂的治疗学等效性。
Description
本发明涉及新的药物形式的阿托伐他汀钙,包含阿托伐他汀钙的新组合物,以及包含所述阿托伐他汀钙或所述阿托伐他汀钙组合物的药物制剂。此外,本发明涉及用于制备所述药物制剂的方法和包含阿托伐他汀钙作为活性成分的所述药物制剂用于治疗高胆固醇血症、高脂血症等的用途。
阿托伐他汀钙,化学名为(R-(R*,R*))-2-(4-氟苯基)-β,δ-二羟基-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-((苯基氨基)羰基)-1H-吡咯-1-庚酸半钙盐的物质,已知其为HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂,并用作抗高胆固醇血症药。用于制备阿托伐他汀的方法和关键中间体公开在美国专利:5,003,080、5,097,045、5,103,024、5,124,482、5,149,837、5,155,251、5,216,174、5,245,047、5,248,793、5,280,126、5,342,952和5,397,792中。市场上可以获得的药物组合物形式的阿托伐他汀通常被制成它的钙盐,因为它能使阿托伐他汀被方便地配制成药物制剂,例如用于口服给药的片剂、胶囊剂、散剂等。
阿托伐他汀钙可以以无定形形式或至少四种已知的结晶形式(形式I、形式II、形式III和形式IV)之一存在,这些形式公开在专利申请WO97/3958和WO97/3959中。已知许多药物的无定形形式与结晶形式相比表现出不同的溶解特征和生物利用度模式(Konno T.,Chem.Pharm.Bull.,1990;38;2003-2007)。对于许多治疗适应症,生物利用度是关键参数之一,并取决于药物制剂中所用物质的形式。有时难以分别进行无定形物质的结晶和制备方法,作为产物,得到两种形式的可变比率的无定形-结晶混合物,即,产物为结晶形式而不是无定形形式,和相反的情况。由于各种阿托伐他汀形式的溶解度有所不同,如专利申请WO97/3960特别强调的,并且还间接影响其生物利用度,因此确保药物制剂中所用物质的均一性非常重要。而且,在实验中观察到,在酸性环境中,所有掺入药物制剂中的阿托伐他汀钙都不能溶解,因为阿托伐他汀钙溶解度低,使得不可能制备在治疗学上稳定等效的药物制剂。
阿托伐他汀钙的均一性问题可以通过在最后步骤中采用提供稳定的产物物理性质的方法来解决。该问题发生在使用具有相互可变物理性质的来自多种不同来源的阿托伐他汀钙制备药物制剂时。任选地,可以通过以下方法来解决该问题:分别制备单独的结晶形式的阿托伐他汀钙(WO97/3958和WO97/3959)和单独的无定形形式(WO97/3960、WO01/42209,和斯洛文尼亚专利申请P-9900271)的阿托伐他汀钙,然后将它们掺入该制剂中,它要求使用附加操作,导致5~10%的损失。由于应该给患者提供无论掺入药物制剂中的阿托伐他汀钙是何种形式(物理是何种物理性质)都在治疗学上稳定等效的药物,我们决定解决不同形式的阿托伐他汀钙的溶解度及其导致的制剂水平的生物利用度问题。这一决定的进一步理由是以下事实,即阿托伐他汀钙是极其昂贵的物质,可能使物质损失的所有附加操作都显著降低经济的生产方法。
专利文献描述阿托伐他汀钙为不稳定的物质,并提供了多种提供稳定的阿托伐他汀药物制剂的解决方案。因此,例如,可以通过以下方法提供制剂的稳定性:向制剂中加入碱性或缓冲剂(WO00/35425、WO94/16603),即根据与专利申请WO01/93860中所述的用于普伐他汀钠的方法类似的方法来稳定物质。为了制备稳定的无定形物质,可以使用WO01/93860、斯洛文尼亚专利申请P-9900271和WO01/42209中公开的方法的组合。这些专利中没有描述有关阿托伐他汀药物组合物和制剂解决阿托伐他汀钙的物理参数(分别为结晶和无定形形式)的均一性和相关的提供阿托伐他汀钙药物制剂的治疗学等效性的困难的问题。
本发明的目的是解决以下问题:提供药物制剂形式的或者包含在组合物中的阿托伐他汀钙或该药物制剂的治疗学等效性,而不论用于其制备的阿托伐他汀钙的形式(结晶、无定形或二者的混合物)如何。本发明的目的还涉及含有碱化或缓冲物质的药物制剂,其通过增大阿托伐他汀在水溶液中的溶解度和溶解速率而改善其生物利用度。
这些和进一步的目的通过权利要求所定义的本发明来实现。
在本发明的第一方面,该目的可以通过pH等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1的药物形式的阿托伐他汀钙来实现。
而且,在本发明的第二方面,该目的还可以通过包含阿托伐他汀钙的组合物来实现,所述组合物给其水溶液提供等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1的pH。
而且,根据本发明的第三方面,以上目的还可以通过包含阿托伐他汀钙作为活性成分的药物制剂来实现,其中该药物制剂在溶于含水液体介质时使所述介质的pH升高至等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1。
本发明的目的还可以通过从属权利要求中所述的优选实施方案来实现。
通过以下优选实施方案的描述,本发明的特征将变得更为清楚。
本发明的发明人令人惊奇地发现,本发明的药物形式的阿托伐他汀钙或能够给水溶液提供等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1的pH的包含阿托伐他汀的组合物改善其中溶解的阿托伐他汀钙的溶解度,从而可以不考虑溶解的是无定形还是结晶形式。
更具体地说,在实验中,本申请的申请人已经发现,阿托伐他汀钙在水溶液中的溶解度在pH等于或大于pKa+1时明显得到改善,而且令人惊奇的是,似乎可以不考虑结晶或无定形形式的阿托伐他汀钙之间的差别。阿托伐他汀的末端羧基的pKa为4.5。根据上述,优选当包含阿托伐他汀钙的本发明的组合物或药物制剂提供的胃微环境中的pH等于或大于pKa+1,更优选pH为6时,具有不同物理性质的不同形式的阿托伐他汀钙之间的溶解度差别不再显著。可以存在于本发明的组合物或药物制剂中的具有不同物理性质的阿托伐他汀钙形式可以是无定形形式、结晶形式或共存的两种形式。而且,本发明不限于这些形式,任何物理形式的阿托伐他汀钙都可以在本发明的组合物或药物制剂中存在。更具体地说,无定形阿托伐他汀钙可以以具有大比表面的形式,特别是微粉化的无定形阿托伐他汀钙存在。具有大比表面的阿托伐他汀具有进一步改善的溶解性质。
为了将水溶液的pH调节到适宜的范围内,本发明的组合物或药物制剂任选地包含pH调节物质。适用于本发明的调节物质没有特别的限制,但优选选自以下的物质:金属氧化物、无机碱、有机碱和有机与无机酸的盐。更优选使用的pH调节物质选自碱金属或碱土金属的氧化物或氢氧化物,特别是MgO、碱性磷酸盐缓冲剂,特别是Na3PO4和Na2HPO4,以及有机胺,特别是三(羟甲基)甲胺。
在本发明中,当该药物制剂用于一次给药并包含阿托伐他汀钙作为活性成分时,优选其包含0.2~2.0mmol,更优选0.4~1.2mmol的pH调节物质。如果包含以上特定范围内的pH调节物质,则可以通过本发明的药物制剂的一次给药而适宜地调节900ml HCl水溶液的pH值,更一般地是模拟胃环境的pH值。因此无论所含的阿托伐他汀钙是无定形和/或结晶,均能够实现药物制剂中所含的阿托伐他汀钙的改善的溶解度特征。
实验
为了在体外模拟本发明的酸性胃环境中的阿托伐他汀钙药物制剂的优选实施方案,在pH约为3的模拟胃液,更具体说是900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中进行溶解试验。然后以10分钟间隔测量溶解的阿托伐他汀的浓度。
制备四种不同的片剂形式的制剂(A1、A2、A3和A4;它们的组成如表1所示),它们能够提供不同pH的水溶液(所得的溶液的pH值如表2所示)。以%表示的溶解的阿托伐他汀的量的测量结果如表3所示。
表1
组成 | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 |
无定形阿托伐他汀,微粉化* | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
微晶纤维素(Avicel PH112或PH102)* | 98.60 | 78.60 | 72.60 | 37.10 |
乳糖一水合物(70~100目) | 34.80 | 34.80 | 34.80 | 20.00 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.60 | 9.60 | 9.60 | 9.60 |
聚山梨酯80 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.30 | 1.30 |
羟丙基纤维素(Klucel EF) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
MgO | - | 20.00 | 26.00 | - |
Na2HPO4 | - | - | - | 140.00 |
微晶纤维素(Avicel PH112) | 71.90 | 71.90 | 71.90 | 48.20 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.60 | 9.60 | 9.60 | 19.60 |
Aerosil200 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
硬脂酸镁 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
总量 | 250.00 | 250.00 | 250.00 | 300.00 |
用于造粒的部分水 | 100.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 | - |
精制乙醇(96%) | - | - | - | 50.00 |
*-等量的钙盐形式的阿托伐他汀,差别用一定量的微晶纤维素调节制备一片所需的所有的量均以毫克给出。
表2
A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | |
15分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 3.22 | 4.28 | 6.09 | 6.06 |
30分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 3.21 | 4.67 | 8.88 | 6.02 |
表3
A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | |
10分钟 | 56.5 | 69.7 | 74.9 | 62.2 |
20分钟 | 66.1 | 80.1 | 91.1 | 99.0 |
30分钟 | 70.6 | 85.8 | 96.3 | 97.9 |
40分钟 | 74.4 | 87.0 | 98.2 | 98.3 |
60分钟 | 75.6 | 89.6 | 99.8 | 98.8 |
从测量可以明显看出,在片剂能够使pH升高至满足阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1,更具体地说,使900ml0.001M HCl水溶液的pH升高3个pH单位,即至少升高至pH6的情况下,所有阿托伐他汀都有利地溶解。
除了改善溶解度之外,pKa+1还令人惊奇地消除了结晶形式和无定形形式的阿托伐他汀钙之间的溶解度差别。为了证明以上陈述,制备加入了不同碱化或缓冲剂和不同物理形式的阿托伐他汀钙的颗粒。将加有碱化或缓冲剂的颗粒中阿托伐他汀的释放速率与未加碱化或缓冲物质的参比颗粒中阿托伐他汀的释放速率进行比较(表4)。由不同颗粒提供的溶液的pH值如表5所示。以%表示的阿托伐他汀在不同时间间隔内的溶解量的测量结果如表6所示。
表4
组成 | AK1 | AK2 | AK3 | AA1 | AA2 | AA3 |
结晶阿托伐他汀* | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | - | - | - |
无定形阿托伐他汀* | - | - | - | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
微晶纤维素(PH102)* | 71.3 | 71.3 | 71.3 | 71.3 | 71.3 | 71.3 |
乳糖一水合物(70~100目) | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
聚山梨酯80 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
羟丙基纤维素(Klucel EF) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Tris | 110.0 | - | - | 110.0 | - | - |
Na3PO4 | - | 80.0 | - | - | 80.0 | - |
微晶纤维素(Avicel PH112) | 67.9 | 67.9 | 67.9 | 67.9 | 67.9 | 67.9 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
Aerosil200 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
硬脂酸镁1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
用于造粒的部分水 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
*-等量的钙盐形式的阿托伐他汀,差别用一定量的微晶纤维素调节填充一个胶囊所需的所有的量均以毫克给出。
表5
AK1 | AK2 | AK3 | AA1 | AA2 | AA3 | |
15分钟后的pH(1个胶囊,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.68 | 6.28 | 3.14 | 5.81 | 6.28 | 3.20 |
30分钟后的pH(1个胶囊,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.95 | 6.72 | 3.15 | 5.68 | 6.30 | 3.24 |
表6
AK1 | AK2 | AK3 | AA1 | AA2 | AA3 | |
10分钟 | 64.6 | 49.9 | 31.8 | 75.9 | 50.8 | 38.7 |
20分钟 | 76.4 | 63.4 | 44.5 | 82.6 | 62.1 | 53.4 |
30分钟 | 81.0 | 72.3 | 51.4 | 83.6 | 68.5 | 61.5 |
40分钟 | 84.2 | 77.3 | 55.8 | 83.9 | 72.8 | 66.6 |
根据所得的结果可以清楚地看出,当使用未加入碱化或缓冲物质的颗粒时,溶解的无定形和结晶阿托伐他汀钙的量的百分差异约为20%,当加入缓冲物质时,差别最小(<5%)。
尝试通过增大无定形物质的颗粒比表面来进一步改善无定形阿托伐他汀钙的溶解度。以与前述实验相同的方式制备六种不同的颗粒,仅有的区别是用微粉化无定形阿托伐他汀钙(AAM1、AAM2和AAM3样品)代替结晶阿托伐他汀,所述微粉化无定形阿托伐他汀钙的颗粒比表面积比未微粉化的大数倍。由该颗粒提供的pH值如表7所示。以%表示的阿托伐他汀在不同时间间隔内的溶解量的测量结果如表8所示。
表7
AAM1 | AAM2 | AAM3 | AA1 | AA2 | AA3 | |
15分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.80 | 6.40 | 3.12 | 5.81 | 6.28 | 3.20 |
30分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.76 | 6.44 | 3.30 | 5.68 | 6.30 | 3.24 |
表8
AAM1 | AAM2 | AAM3 | AA1 | AA2 | AA3 | |
10分钟 | 85.9 | 93.9 | 41.5 | 75.9 | 50.8 | 38.7 |
20分钟 | 95.8 | 94.2 | 55.9 | 82.6 | 62.1 | 53.4 |
30分钟 | 98.4 | 93.9 | 63.8 | 83.6 | 68.5 | 61.5 |
40分钟 | 99.3 | 94.0 | 68.9 | 83.9 | 72.8 | 66.6 |
根据所得的结果可以清楚地看出,当使用未加缓冲剂的颗粒时,溶解的无定形和无定形微粉化阿托伐他汀的量实际上没有差别,而当加入缓冲剂时,该差别增大至大于15~20%。
上述实验令人惊奇地表明,可以提供药物形式的阿托伐他汀钙、其组合物和药物制剂的治疗学等效性,而不论用于它们的制备的阿托伐他汀钙的形式(结晶、无定形或二者的混合物)如何。对于提供治疗学等效性而言,其中极为重要的是本发明的阿托伐他汀钙、其组合物和药物制剂给水溶液提供等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1的pH的能力。在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的阿托伐他汀钙、组合物和制剂具有使900ml0.001M HCl水溶液的pH升高至pH等于或大于pKa+1或更大,尤其是pH6或更大的能力。
其它令人惊奇的发现是加有碱化或缓冲物质的颗粒中微粉化无定形阿托伐他汀钙的溶解量比未微粉化的阿托伐他汀钙的情况多约15%。这里最令人惊奇的事实是颗粒本身比表面的增大并不影响溶解度的改善,因为在未加有碱化或缓冲物质的颗粒中微粉化和未微粉化的无定形阿托伐他汀钙的溶解度相同。
除了阿托伐他汀钙之外,作为本发明的目的的药物制剂可以含有一种或多种填充剂,如微晶纤维素、乳糖、蔗糖、淀粉、改性淀粉、甘露糖醇、山梨醇和其它多元醇、糊精、葡聚糖和麦芽糖糊精、碳酸钙、磷酸钙和/或磷酸氢钙、硫酸盐,一种或多种粘合剂如乳糖、淀粉、改性淀粉、糊精、葡聚糖和麦芽糖糊精、微晶纤维素、蔗糖、聚乙二醇、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、明胶、阿拉伯胶、黄芪胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硅酸铝镁,一种或多种崩解剂如交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联羧甲基淀粉、淀粉和微晶纤维素、硅酸铝镁、聚丙烯酸钾(polyacrylin potassium),一种或多种不同的助流剂如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、山嵛酸钙、硬脂酰富马酸钠、滑石粉、三硅酸镁、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、巴西棕榈蜡、二氧化硅,一种或多种缓冲物质如柠檬酸钠、磷酸二钠、碳酸钙、磷酸氢盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸镁、柠檬酸钾、山梨酸钾、抗坏血酸钠、苯甲酸盐、碳酸氢盐、磷酸氢盐,或一种或多种碱性物质如MgO、MgOH、NaOH、Ca(OH)2、氨基丁三醇、硅酸铝镁、十二烷基硫酸盐。如果需要,该制剂还可以包含表面活性剂和其它常规固体药物制剂成分如着色剂、色淀、芳香剂和吸附剂。作为表面活性剂,可以使用以下物质:离子型表面活性剂,如十二烷基硫酸钠,或非离子型表面活性剂,如不同的泊洛沙姆(聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯共聚物)、天然或合成卵磷脂、脱水山梨醇和脂肪酸的酯(如(Atlas Chemie))、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇和脂肪酸的酯(如(Atlas Chemie))、聚氧乙基化氢化蓖麻油(如(BASF))、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯(如(Atlas Chemie))或硅氧烷或阳离子表面活性剂如十六烷基吡啶氯化物,或本文上述表面活性剂的任意组合。
可以以固体药物制剂,如散剂、颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊提供本发明的药物制剂,例如以优选地填充在胶囊中的液体药物制剂提供。
本发明的药物制剂的制备方法可以包括以下步骤:(a)将微粉化的无定形阿托伐他汀钙形式的活性成分与至少一种选自以下的组分混合:碱化和/或缓冲物质、填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂和表面活性剂;(b)将以上混合物均化;(c)将附加成分加入以上混合物中;(d)再均化所得的混合物;和(e)最后将经再均化的混合物加工成可给药的形式。优选地,该方法还包括以下步骤:(f)均化后压制该混合物;和(g)在加入附加成分之前进行进一步加工,包括将经压制的混合物粉碎和/或过筛。更优选地,该方法还包括以下步骤:(h)用造粒液将步骤(b)中得到的均化物造粒;和(i)在加入附加成分之前干燥所得的颗粒。
根据本发明的固体药物制剂可以如下所述制备:
●使用适宜的混合器将活性成分、填充剂、粘合剂、碱化或缓冲物质、崩解剂和如果需要表面活性剂以及其它常规固体药物制剂成分的混合物均化,将混合物用适宜的压制机压制或在挤压机上挤压,将压制物或挤压物粉碎和/或过筛,加入填充剂、崩解剂、缓冲物质、助流剂、润滑剂和其它常规片剂或胶囊的非活性成分,并再均化。将所得的混合物压成片或装入胶囊中。
●使用适宜的混合器将活性成分、填充剂、粘合剂、碱化或缓冲物质、崩解剂和如果需要表面活性剂以及其它常规固体药物制剂成分的混合物均化,加入助流剂和润滑剂,并再均化。将所得的混合物压成片或装入胶囊中。
●使用适宜的混合器将活性成分、填充剂、粘合剂、碱化或缓冲物质、崩解剂和如果需要表面活性剂以及其它常规固体药物制剂成分的混合物均化,用适宜的溶剂如水、乙醇、甲醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、丙酮、二乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、这些溶剂的混合物如乙醇与丙酮、甲醇与丙酮、二氯甲烷与甲醇及它们的混合物造粒。将所得的颗粒于适宜的干燥器如标准盘式干燥器、流化床干燥器、真空和微波干燥器中,在不超过60℃的温度下干燥。向干燥的颗粒中加入助流剂、崩解剂、碱化或缓冲物质、助流剂和润滑剂,以及如果需要其它常规固体药物制剂成分。将所得的混合物再均化并压成片或装入胶囊中。
任选地,将片剂进行薄膜包衣。
通过以下实施例说明本发明,但绝不是对其进行限制。
实施例
实施例1~2
加有MgO或Na2PHO4的片剂
在混合器中将下表中所列的成分均化,并分别用水和乙醇造粒。将所得的颗粒于真空干燥器中,在不超过60℃的温度下干燥。
组成 | A3 | A4 |
无定形阿托伐他汀,微粉化* | 20.00 | 20.00 |
微晶纤维素(Avicel PH112或PH102)* | 72.60 | 37.10 |
乳糖一水合物(70~100目) | 34.80 | 20.00 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.60 | 9.60 |
聚山梨酯80 | 1.30 | 1.30 |
羟丙基纤维素(Klucel EF) | 2.00 | 2.00 |
MgO | 26.00 | |
Na2HPO4 | 140.00 | |
用于造粒的部分水 | 70.00 | |
用于造粒的精制乙醇(96%) | 50.00 |
*-等量的钙盐形式的阿托伐他汀,差别用一定量的微晶纤维素调节所有的量均以毫克给出(对一片而言)。制备的颗粒的量足以制备1000单位的250mg片。
向干燥的颗粒中加入以下物质:
微晶纤维素(Avicel PH112) | 71.90 | 48.20 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.60 | 19.60 |
Aerosil200 | 1.20 | 1.20 |
硬脂酸镁 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
将所得的混合物再均化,并压成片。一片在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中提供的pH值如下:
A3 | A4 | |
15分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.09 | 6.06 |
30分钟后的pH(1个片剂,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 8.88 | 6.02 |
实施例3~6
分别含有无定形和结晶阿托伐他汀钙,并分别加有Tris和Na3PO4的胶囊
在混合器中将下表所列的成分均化,并分别用水和乙醇造粒。将所得的颗粒于真空干燥器中在不超过60℃的温度下干燥。
组成 | AK1 | AK2 | AA1 | AA2 |
结晶阿托伐他汀* | 20.0 | 20.0 | - | - |
无定形阿托伐他汀* | - | - | 20.0 | 20.0 |
微晶纤维素(PH102)* | 71.3 | 71.3 | 71.3 | 71.3 |
乳糖一水合物(70~100目) | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8 | 34.8 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
聚山梨酯80 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
羟丙基纤维素(Klucel EF) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Tris | 110.0 | 110.0 | ||
Na3PO4 | - | 80.0 | - | 80.0 |
用于造粒的部分水 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
制备一个胶囊的颗粒所需的所有的量均以毫克给出。制备的颗粒的量足以填充1000个胶囊。
向干燥的颗粒中加入以下物质:
微晶纤维素(Avicel PH112) | 67.9 | 67.9 | 67.9 | 67.9 |
交联羧甲基纤维素(Ac-di-sol) | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
Aerosil200 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
硬脂酸镁 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
将所得的混合物再均化,并压成片。一片在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中提供的pH值如下:
AK1 | AK2 | AA1 | AA2 | |
15分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.68 | 6.28 | 5.81 | 6.28 |
30分钟后的pH(1片,在900ml0.001M HCl水溶液中) | 6.95 | 6.72 | 5.68 | 6.30 |
任选地,可以将所用的阿托伐他汀微粉化或根据某些其它方法制备以增大颗粒的比表面积(例如研磨)。
Claims (12)
1.包含阿托伐他汀钙作为活性成分并包含pH调节物质的药物制剂,其特征在于
该阿托伐他汀钙包含微粉化的无定形阿托伐他汀钙,且
其中调节该制剂中pH调节物质的量,以使该制剂的一次给药使900ml pH 3的0.001M HCl水溶液的pH升高至pH等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pKa+1,其中该药物制剂中含有的pH调节物质的量为0.2~2.0mmol,且其中该pH调节物质选自金属氧化物、碱金属或碱土金属的氧化物或氢氧化物、碱性磷酸盐缓冲剂和有机胺。
2.根据权利要求1的药物制剂,其中该制剂提供的pH为6。
3.根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,其中该药物制剂中含有的pH调节物质的量为0.4~1.2mmol。
4.根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,其中该pH调节物质选自MgO、Na3PO4、Na2HPO4和三(羟甲基)甲胺。
5.根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,该药物制剂为散剂、颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂的形式。
6.根据权利要求1或2的药物制剂,所述药物制剂还包含一种或多种选自以下的组分:填充剂、粘合剂、缓冲物质、碱性物质、表面活性剂和其它药学可接受的成分。
7.权利要求1~5之任一项的药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于以下步骤:
(a)将微粉化的无定形阿托伐他汀钙形式的活性成分与该pH调节物质和任选的至少一种选自以下的组分混合:填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂和表面活性剂;
(b)将以上混合物均化;
(c)将附加成分加入以上混合物中;
(d)再均化所得的混合物;和
(e)最后将经再均化的混合物加工成可给药的形式,并且
其中调节该pH调节物质的加入,以使该制剂的一次给药使900mlpH 3的0.001M HCl水溶液的pH升高至pH等于或大于阿托伐他汀钙的pka+1。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其中该最后加工步骤(e)是将经再均化的混合物压成片。
9.根据权利要求7的方法,其中该最后加工步骤(e)是将经再均化的混合物装入胶囊中。
10.根据权利要求7~9之任一项的方法,所述方法还包括以下步骤:
(f)均化后压制该混合物;和
(g)在加入附加成分之前进行进一步加工,包括将经压制的混合物粉碎和/或过筛。
11.根据权利要求7~9之任一项的方法,所述方法还包括以下步骤:
(h)用造粒液将步骤(b)中得到的均化物造粒;和
(i)在加入附加成分之前干燥所得的颗粒。
12.根据权利要求7的方法,其中调节该pH调节物质的加入,以使该制剂的一次给药使酸性环境的pH升高至pH 5.5或更大。
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SIP200100069 | 2001-03-14 | ||
SI200100069A SI20848A (sl) | 2001-03-14 | 2001-03-14 | Farmacevtska formulacija, ki vsebuje atorvastatin kalcij |
SIP-200100069 | 2001-03-14 | ||
PCT/IB2002/000736 WO2002072073A2 (en) | 2001-03-14 | 2002-03-13 | Pharmaceutical formulation comprising atorvastatin calcium |
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EP (2) | EP1499297B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4295988B2 (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN1630510B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE500818T1 (zh) |
BG (1) | BG66339B1 (zh) |
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CA (1) | CA2440331C (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ306128B6 (zh) |
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