CN1473459A - Synchronously cultivating method for rhizoma gastrodiac sexual propagation - Google Patents
Synchronously cultivating method for rhizoma gastrodiac sexual propagation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The sexual propagation and synchronously cultivating for gastrodia tuber includes the following steps: setting honey agaric inside hole cut in wood for germination; mixing germinated honey agaric and gastrodia tuber seed; spreading 5-10 cm thick sandy soil to selected land; laying wetted tree leaf; seeding with the mixed gastrodia tuber seed; laying the wood; filling branches in wood gaps; spreadying honey agaric onto the branches and covering 5 cm thick sandy soil. The said process can make gastrodia tuber seed germinate into corm and grow into small gastrodia tuber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sexual multiplication cultivation method of the cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae, particularly rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Background technology
The world today, science and technology is advanced by leaps and bounds, and international competition is growing more intense, and particularly after the China joined WTO, it is important further that the adjustment of agricultural structure seems.From the present world, the domestic market market, supply falls short of demand always for high-quality rhizoma Gastrodiae finished product.Rhizoma Gastrodiae occupies critical positions in traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment, in modern Chinese and western medical clinical practice, have significant curative effect to treating aspects such as dizziness, neuralgia, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, convulsion, extremity numbness, facial spasm.As Japan's rhizoma Gastrodiae injection treatment senile dementia, its cure rate is up to 81.8%, and the exploitation of series of products such as world's biological medicine bound pair rhizoma Gastrodiae injection, Chinese patent drug, nutriment, health products is in popular state; 13 big medicine cities such as, Sichuan lotus flower pond peaceful from domestic Hebei Anguo, Haozhou, Anhui, Guangdong and traditional Chinese medicine foreign export are taken temperature, whole nation rhizoma Gastrodiae output is less than 5,000,000 kilograms, and only this year rhizoma Gastrodiae export volume just need 1,000 ten thousand kilograms, the rhizoma Gastrodiae demand of nearly ten million kilogram of domestic market in addition, disparities between supply and demand are quite outstanding.The condition of production of ground rhizoma Gastrodiaes such as, river expensive from China, Shan, Hunan, Hubei Province, Henan, Anhui still can not be met the need of market in 5 years.As seen, development traditional Chinese medicine industry, Development and Production high-quality rhizoma Gastrodiae is to optimize the important channel that agricultural structure is adjusted.
The rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation comprises cultivation and final-period management, and from the gastrodin cultivation situation, main at present asexual cultivation and two kinds of methods of sexual cultivation of adopting are based on sexual multiplication cultivation.The rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual multiplication cultivation method generally is to cultivate the halimasch material earlier, is about to halimasch and mixes mutually with timber, branches and leaves, through the cultivation of three wheat harvesting periods, again Germination Strain between the sexual seed of rhizoma Gastrodiae is mixed thoroughly the back and is together descended the nest cultivation through the halimasch material of cultivating; This cultivation method has following defective: 1, be to have cultivated the halimasch material in advance, take very big energy; 2, a large amount of consumption timber nutrition in the halimasch reproductive process; 3, the rhizoma Gastrodiae early growth stage, the halimasch Sheng of growing, unfavorable on the contrary rhizoma Gastrodiae growth; 4, the production cycle long, it is poor that the rhizoma Gastrodiae growing nutrient is supplied with, the unit average yield hangs down drawback.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of with short production cycle, save consumption of wood, cost is low, the unit average yield the is high rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation method of cultivation synchronously.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation method step of cultivation synchronously comprises:
Step 1, at the wooden borehole of rod, the halimasch kind is put into the hole;
Step 2, Germination Strain and seeds of Gastrodia elata are mixed thoroughly;
Step 3, on selected address the sandy soil of pad 5-10cm;
Step 4, on spread the leaf that soaks;
Step 5, the seed that step 2 is mixed are sprinkling upon on the good leaf of step 3 pad equably;
Step 1 a good Armillaria mellea wood in step 6, the discharging;
Step 7, between excellent wood, fill out and put branch;
Step 8, on branch, sprinkle halimasch equably;
Step 9, lid sandy soil 5cm.
The synchronous cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation of the present invention is in sky combustion sexual multiplication cultivation process, directly with seeds of Gastrodia elata, Germination Strain, halimasch, rod wood, branch, leaf nest cultivation at present together, makes seed germination become protocorm to grow into little rhizoma Gastrodiae body.
What the inventive method was mainly considered is the nutrition supply problem of rhizoma Gastrodiae different growing stages.Adopt the inventive method, after seeds of Gastrodia elata is subjected to the Germination Strain mycelium to infect sprouting, can form protocorm, form little rhizoma Gastrodiae again, this process need time about 50 days, in this section period, the branch production kind of having cultivated 70-90 days halimasch can grow a large amount of shoestrings, produces symbiotic relation with rhizoma Gastrodiae.At this moment the nutrition supply in enough this stages of rhizoma Gastrodiae of branch nutrition of halimasch.At the same time, halimasch has infected leaf, branch, rod wood, and the nutrition that the rhizoma Gastrodiae body is grown up gradually to be needed provides nutrition by leaf, branch, timber successively formed halimasch shoestring one by one for rhizoma Gastrodiae.Reduce the nutrient consumption of timber, give full play to the biologicak efficiency of timber, when guaranteeing the rhizoma Gastrodiae high and stable yields, saved a large amount of timber resources again.
The inventive method both can save the bacterium material cultivates operation, shortens the production cycle, can save the consumption of wood about 30% again, reduces production costs, and preserves the ecological environment, and rationally utilizes forest tree resource, guarantees the sustainability of rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, promotes development of rural economy.Also can reduce the timber nutrient consumption, give full play to the biological transformation ratio of timber self, guarantee rhizoma Gastrodiae later stage nutrition supply, guarantee the rhizoma Gastrodiae nutrition supply in growth later stage, reach the raising of rhizoma Gastrodiae output and quality.Observe through experiment, adopt synchronous cultural method, the single average weight of rhizoma Gastrodiae is mixed the method for planting than common bacterium material and is weighed 25%, and gastrodin content generally can reach 0.133%, meets the requirement of gastrodin content 〉=0.1% of " Chinese Pharmacopoeia standard " regulation.
Specific embodiments
The plantation of rhizoma Gastrodiae comprises cultivation and final-period management, and the synchronous cultivation method embodiment of rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation of the present invention is:
One, the preparation of seeds of Gastrodia elata:
1, seed selection: for guaranteeing the idiomaticity and the quality of stability of rhizoma Gastrodiae quality, should select for use traditional red bar rhizoma Gastrodiae to do kind of fiber crops, promptly select ruddy, full, the no damage by disease and insect of terminal bud, do not have damaged, the arrow fiber crops of stem piece weight between the 100-300 gram are cooked the kind fiber crops of cultivating seed, plant or the mode of ridge cultivation is cultivated with case, the spacing of numb body is 3cm.
2, bolting: because rhizoma Gastrodiae must can bolting through after a while dormancy 12 ℃ of following temperature, and the whole breeding phase requires to carry out in the appropriate temperature of natural temperature 15-25 ℃ degree, therefore, according to the requirement of rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation weather, we determine to adopt artificially controlling temperature to carry out the cultivation of arrow fiber crops in February.
Arrow fiber crops cultivation because of the enough boltings of nutrition of numb body itself, bloom, the result, so need not add other any nutrition, in the whole breeding phase as long as keep moistening in the sand, temperature about 18 ℃, but bloom with regard to bolting about 40-50 days.
3, pollination: the reason that rhizoma Gastrodiae spontaneous pollination rate is low is that crown gynoecium top has anther cap, and two pollen envelops are enclosed within the inside, must manually its anther cap be chosen, and pollen are provoked again, and awards in cochlear and has on the pistil stigma of mucus.Observe through experiment and to show, at 9 in the morning that pollination time is selected in flower when just having opened carried out to good from bottom to top one by one at 4 o'clock in afternoon.Pollination should be adopted xenogamy, the percentage of fertile fruit height of pollinating like this, and fruit is full, and can prevent the degeneration of kind.
4, gather: after the pollination of rhizoma Gastrodiae flower, 20 days cracking of fruit as temperature is about 25 ℃, seed flies out, but at this moment seed germination rate is low, and therefore, fruit should be after pollination 17-19 days, pinch the sensation that fruit has Microsoft with hand, 6 longitudinal joint lines observing fruit are projection but cracking a little, breaks fruit and seed into two with one's hands and has let go and be creamy white, and is optimum picking time.
Under the normal temperature situation, the seeds of Gastrodia elata life-span is extremely short, and seed can lose germinating capacity in one day as under 30 ℃ temperature, therefore is difficult for stored for a long time.Should sow immediately behind the seed collection, preferably broadcast, to guarantee germination rate while receiving.Rely on very as situation, in the time of can not sowing immediately, seed should be put under the low temperature that paper bag temporarily is stored in 3-5 ℃.
Two, the cultivation of halimasch and Germination Strain:
(1) armillaria mellea: rhizoma Gastrodiae is a kind of orchid, there is not leaf, there is not root, can not carry out photosynthesis to make nutrition for oneself, can only absorb moisture content and little mineral elements such as phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, calcium, zinc in the soil with the epidermis of stem tuber, therefore rhizoma Gastrodiae must be supplied with nutrition by halimasch, could growth and breeding.Halimasch is a kind of facultative parasite, mycelium is invaded in the timber, celluloses in the decomposition timber etc. are as idiotrophic, when the halimasch shoestring spreads the big straw piece of contact gradually, its apical growing point is broken through the epidermis of stem tuber, mycelia is invaded cortex, the unnecessary nutrition supply rhizoma Gastrodiae stem tuber of timber absorption.The medium of three grades of kinds of halimasch is a Main Ingredients and Appearance with the branch segment of 1.5cm, and cell age was at 70-90 days.
(2) Germination Strain: rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation is seminal propagation, is to prevent one of main path that rhizoma Gastrodiae is degenerated.Seeds of Gastrodia elata is small, and endosperm only is made up of archiblast.Its sprouting is infected embryo by Mycena (Mycena) class hypha,hyphae provides nutrition, promotes that this class fungi of gastrodia seed germination is the gastrodia seed germination bacterium.An important step of sexual propagation is a seed germination, the biological property and the bacterial classification of Germination Strain is made do one explanation here.
1, the kind of Germination Strain: we saw the test result analysis of seeds of Gastrodia elata germination rate and rhizoma Gastrodiae yield effect in recent years, it is the highest to mix the seeds of Gastrodia elata germination rate with the little mushroom of purple dustpan, rhizoma Gastrodiae output is also the highest, so we mainly use the mycelium of the little mushroom of purple dustpan to make Germination Strain.
2, the biological property of Germination Strain:
(1) saprophytic: Mycena one class fungi, how saprophytic on fallen leaves between alpine forest, fiber is have strong capacity of decomposition, the autumn and winter leaf comes off in ground, the moistening dry branches and fallen leaves of contact soil table, and fungus Mycenae sp can be invaded in the seeds of Gastrodia elata with vitality again, make the seed symbiotic germination, therefore Mycena one class fungi is mainly sought saprogenesis, but the characteristic of facultative parasitism is also arranged.
(2) good gas: seeds of Gastrodia elata symbiotic germination bacterium such as Mycena, it is the good gas fungi of a class, they mainly are distributed in woodland litter horizon and the topsoil in forest, in incubation composts or fertilisers of cultivating must not be too much or bottle cap too tight, otherwise will have influence on the growth of this class bacterium, show that mainly growth rate is slow, incubation time prolongs.
(3) the rhizoma Gastrodiae stem tuber is not had infection ability: fungus Mycenae sp is a kind of weak bacterial parasite, and they can only infect rhizoma Gastrodiae embryo base portion cell, up to the present, does not also observe and infects the seeds of Gastrodia elata protocorm that germinates and the stem of nourishing and generating, rice fiber crops, hemp.After halimasch was invaded nourishing and generating that protocorm differentiates, fungus Mycenae sp and halimasch can be present in the same stem of nourishing and generating simultaneously, and it is replaced by halimasch gradually to Gastrodiac nutritive effect meeting.
(4) temperature is to the influence of mycelial growth: show that through observation Germination Strain all can be grown, and is the fastest with 25 ℃ of mycelial growths in 15 ℃ of-30 ℃ of temperature ranges, be lower than 20 ℃ or be higher than 25 ℃ of mycelial growth rates and can obviously slow down.
(5) basic thing water content is to the influence of Germination Strain growth: in research process, we mixed wood sawdust and Mai Ao in by volume 1: 1, and the result shows that different strains requires different to basic thing water content.General suitable water content is the 100-120% of basic thing weight.
(6) pH value is to the influence of Germination Strain growth: result of the test shows that in the Germination Strain incubation, pH value oxytropism direction changes.The slant acidity condition is beneficial to the fungus Mycenae sp mycelial growth, but with pH value 5.0-5.5 optimum, alkali condition is unfavorable for mycelial growth.
(7) nutritional condition is to the influence of Germination Strain growth: result of study shows, Germination Strain to culture matrix to require leaf and wheat Ao proportioning be 3: 1, its suitable Germination Strain is grown.
(8) making of Germination Strain bacterial classification
1. use potato PDA medium, gather the Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain, separate, under 20-25 ℃ of temperature, cultivate, purify, make the primary inclined plane bacterial classification by the method for spore separation or separate tissue.
2. ftracture with poach to cortex with corn or wheat, be medium, bottle routinely, sterilization, inoculation method make second class inoculum.
3. Germination Strain production kind is made
1, make prescription:
Broad leaved forest leaf 72%, wheat bran 25%, land plaster 1%, white sugar 2%.
2, preparation method:
Earlier leaf is prewetted, add wheat Ao, land plaster, white sugar then and pour into composts or fertilisers of cultivating after water-soluble and fully mix thoroughly, and to regulate water content be 65%, the bottling sterilization, the cooling back is by the sterile working inoculation.The switchable 2-3 bottle original seed of female kind, one bottle of original seed can connect 40-50 bottle cultivated species.Inoculate back 25 ℃ of culturing room and cultivated about 50 days, mycelia promptly can be used for cultivation and production after covering with bottle (bag).
Three, cultivation preparation:
1, the selection in sowing place: seeds of Gastrodia elata needs a class Germination Strain such as Mycena to provide the nutrition except that germination, need the water, gas, the hot three elements that suit too.The more important is to select the big slant acidity soil of sand.The sowing place is selected with the condition in pierre cultivation bacterium bed and cultivation rhizoma Gastrodiae place basic identical, but therefore the young tender protocorm happiness moist environment of seed sprouting just should be taken into account water resource when selection sowing place.Sow rhizoma Gastrodiae in addition except that cultured halimasch kind of needs and sprouting bacterial classification, also need a large amount of timber, branch and leaf, should be taken into account the supply of these materials when selecting the place.
2, the preparation of timber, leaf, branch: gastrodia seed germination germinates by the Mycena first kind Germination Strain acquisition nutrition that embryo is invaded in digestion, and Germination Strain is selectively to leaf.Show through experiment for many years: timber, leaf, the branch of companion's Fagaceae plant are the good medium of gastrodia seed germination seedling, and therefore when seeds of Gastrodia elata was sowed, the leaf companion that should collect the Fagaceae seeds in a large number broadcast seeds of Gastrodia elata.Branch in small, broken bits also is that gastrodia seed germination bacterial classification and halimasch are liked the culture that infects, therefore, should collect branch bar in small, broken bits in a large number when cultivating rhizoma Gastrodiae synchronously, cuts the broken seed bed that is sprinkled into, and can play good effect, and can replacing wood and reduce wood usage amount.Branch, the leaf collected before the sowing if by the moist leaf of gathering in the woods, can directly be used for mixing and broadcast seeds of Gastrodia elata, if dried, then should soak in water 5-6 hour or spray water in advance and stir, and can use after wetting.If the timber of Fagaceae plant lacks, and is good can adopt high-quality seeds such as thick, the scleroid linden of bark, birch, Qinggang, tool, maple, tree-of-heaven, though it is slow to send out bacterium, but corrosion-resistant good, nutrient material can constantly be provided, improve rhizoma Gastrodiae output.Timber is advisable with the 3-10cm size, and length is sawn into the 60-70 centimetre.
3, the selection in sowing time: seeds of Gastrodia elata all can germinate between 15-28 ℃, and therefore, sowing time, more early the protocorm after the sprouting was long more vegetative period, and the probability and the rhizoma Gastrodiae output that connect halimasch are high more.Cultivate operation owing to synchronous cultivation has saved the bacterium material, we take temperature control measures at breeding phase in addition, can guarantee the most of full maturity of seed at the beginning of 5 months, have satisfied using of this sowing in period and have planted.Sowing time, major decision was in the harvest time of seed, adopted the greenhouse cultivation seed, then can gather in the crops sowing ahead of time ahead of time.
4, seeding quantity: a strain rhizoma Gastrodiae has nearly 3,000,000 of seed, ten thousand of seed 2-5 are arranged in the fruit, average 3.5 ten thousand, calculate by this number, in the sowing cave of 60*60cm area, broadcast 1-2 fruit ten thousand seeds of 3-7 are just arranged, because the protocorm after a large amount of the germination can not be set up symbiotic relation with halimasch, can not get nutrition and death, therefore has only the increasing seeding quantity, guarantee that the germination bulb has a greater number, increase the chance that contacts with halimasch, this is present our effective measures of taking in process of production.General every square metre of 20 fruits.
Four, cultivation method:
1, dibbling: the rod wood that will get ready with the drill bit of 1.4mm by 8-10cm apart from the dark 1.5-2cm that punches with branch halimasch kind by being placed in the hole, every square metre of area under cultivation bar 30-50 kilogram, halimasch kind 2500-3500 gram, after satisfying the used halimasch of excellent wooden dibbling, remainder is done standby.
2, Germination Strain is mixed seeds of Gastrodia elata: the Germination Strain that will cultivate takes out from bag (bottle), be placed in the dish, separately blocks of coherent bacterium leaf, the ripe rhizoma Gastrodiae of will gathering is again broken into two with one's hands by north fruit, seed shakes out from the first day of the lunar month fruit, be sprinkling upon gently on the bacterium leaf, Bian Sabian mixes, and every square metre of area under cultivation is with 20 of 500 gram Germination Strains and the north fruits of rhizoma Gastrodiae.
3, the sandy soil of pad 5-10cm on selected address.
4, spread the leaf (2 kilograms/square metre of cured leafs) that soaks on.
5, the seed that rhizoma Gastrodiae, Germination Strain are mixed is sprinkling upon on the moistening leaf that has filled up equably.
6, the Armillaria mellea wood of having put by the spacing discharging of 10-15cm again.
7, between two rods, fill out and put branch, every square metre of 5-10 kilogram.
8, filling out on the branch of putting, will put excellent remaining halimasch and be sprinkling upon middle uniformly.
9, cover sandy soil 5cm then; The method of operating of the second layer repeats above-mentioned steps 4-8 operation, covers sandy soil 10-15 centimetre then in the above, rises and preserves moisture and insulation effect.
The final-period management of rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation:
1, preserve moisture: the required moisture content situation of rhizoma Gastrodiae different growing stages can be divided three phases:
The phase I 3-6 month, rhizoma Gastrodiae enters the germination and growth phase, and rhizoma Gastrodiae is less to the needs of moisture content, as long as contain an amount of moisture, soil can keep wet, and halimasch and rhizoma Gastrodiae can normally be sprouted; The second stage 7-8 month is the season that the vigorous growth of Gastrodiac nutritive organ is bred, its growth, growth need the supply of a large amount of moisture, adding the 7-8 month is summer high temperature season, need to replenish the moisture that soil evaporation is scattered and disappeared, and to water water for cooling, therefore, the 7-8 month should be looked its situation, duty is watered, is watered more, satisfies growth metabolism, the rising needs of cooling.In phase III 10-11 month, the rhizoma Gastrodiae growth rate slows down, and typing will enter hibernation period, and moisture is excessive, other disease fungus will endanger rhizoma Gastrodiae in halimasch and the soil, and therefore, after rhizoma Gastrodiae entered resting stage, water requirement seldom can stop to spray water.
2, anti-high temperature: the optimum growth temperature of rhizoma Gastrodiae and halimasch is 20-25 ℃.When the same day, fiber crops grown layer ground temperature was elevated to more than 30 ℃, the growth of halimasch and rhizoma Gastrodiae all was suppressed.So during the broiling summer, cooling measure must put in place.
3, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
(1) disease: the main disease of rhizoma Gastrodiae has the assorted bacterium of mould, pathogenic fungi and similar halimasch, and disease is mainly relied mainly on prevention.1. half cloudy half light slope should be selected in the place, and soil property should be selected the good sandy soil of drainage ventilation, and does assanation well.2. when cultivation, to check used kind fiber crops.As find fungal infection or disease fungus, and the lighter's profit is shone in past days, perhaps uses behind 75% alcohol, 0.3% the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate usefulness again, and severe patient is given it up.When 3. planting planting tall gastrodia tuber, notice that the sterilization filler of composts or fertilisers of cultivating will tamp, can't leave the space.Bar preferably is placed on to soak in 1% the limewash and uses.4. select pure good halimasch kind for use, strengthen the inoculum concentration of halimasch,, suppress varied bacteria growing to cause the growth vigor of halimasch.5. strengthen the management of temperature, wet, gas, destroy the environment that mould multiplies,, reduce assorted bacterium quantity takes place to suppress the growth of assorted bacterium.6. regulate the acid-base value of bacterium material and composts or fertilisers of cultivating with lactic acid or aqueous solution of malic acid, make its pH value between 4.5-6.5, can control fungus growth.7. nest should not be too big, and a cave area under cultivation generally is controlled at 2m2.Be strictly on guard against ponding in the cellar for storing things in the cultivation process.
(2) insect pest: in order to keep the pure natural composition of rhizoma Gastrodiae, can only be to insect pest based on trapping.When going back to the ant cave in the winter time and pass the winter, can look for its ant cave, disposablely dig up as: termite; In spring, summer, cool autumn weather temperature in higher season, can during termite activity, observe the movable route of termite, be used for pine piece and termite medicine at its tunnel place and imbed soil simultaneously and trap and kill.Can fry perfume with 5 kilograms of wheat bran to the mole cricket grub, admix 90% chlorophos, convert 30 times of preparating liquids of water, make poison bait, be sprinkling upon the earthing surface that the rhizoma Gastrodiae kind is grown the district, cover film then, allow the fragrance of poison bait penetrate soil layer, trap and kill its insect pest by 0.15kg.
The gathering and processing of rhizoma Gastrodiae:
1, gather: rhizoma Gastrodiae two purposes of having gathered, the one, obtain up-to-standard arrow fiber crops and do breeding kind fiber crops and commodity fiber crops; The 2nd, obtain the fiber crops kind that asexual cultivation needs, hemp and rice fiber crops.The former should be the main purpose that rhizoma Gastrodiae is produced.The numb up-to-standard aspect on two that is embodied in of arrow, first aspect requires form, size and the color of arrow fiber crops to meet the requirements; Second aspect require in the arrow fiber crops nutrient component especially medicinal ingredient laid in and finished.Particularly, the standard of ripe arrow fiber crops is: growth enters resting stage.The stem tuber surface color is deepened, white by the children when tender changes into faint yellow, the thick a little maturation of perithelium, the top bud is obvious, and the difference of hemp and arrow fiber crops is clear, there is the red medicine scape bud of " parrot mouth " shape on the big top of arrow fiber crops body, and hemp, the numb terminal bud of rice only are delicate vegetative cone, and nutrition stem in rear end is withered naturally, rotten, and striking energy sends solid sound, promptly represent stem " circle slurry qualitative " nutrient deposit finish, can gather.
Earlier top layer blinding or covering are removed when gathering, near the rhizoma Gastrodiae grown layer time, slowly dig soil, just should dig soil, can take out, just take out earlier along the attachment region of rhizoma Gastrodiae once find rhizoma Gastrodiae.And then take out the bacterium material and collect rhizoma Gastrodiae.Rice that should the cellar for storing things is interior when collecting is numb, the hoary hair is numb and arrow is numb all takes out in the lump.
Because when results, rhizoma Gastrodiae stopped growing, vitality is low, and resistance to external world is poor, easily bacteria infection and rotting.Therefore, except that should preventing the damaging of rhizoma Gastrodiae stem tuber, can not adorn rhizoma Gastrodiae during results, especially can not adorn the rhizoma Gastrodiae of kind of usefulness with the apparatus of containing fertilizer, salt, alkali, acid etc.After treating all to harvest, select arrow fiber crops, hoary hair fiber crops and the rice fiber crops of the usefulness of reserving seed for planting again, all the other all prepare processing.
2, processing:
Arrow fiber crops and the big hemp obtained should in time be processed, to ensure the quality of products.Long-time stacking is understood bacteria infection and is rotted, and influences quality, causes damage.Be processed with following operation.
(1) classification is divided into 1-4 etc. according to the big I of rhizoma Gastrodiae.Body weight is 1 etc. more than 150 grams.75-150 gram be 2 etc., the following or damage of 75 grams be 3 etc., all the other are off standard.The purpose of classification is for the ease of processing.
(2) clean the rhizoma Gastrodiae of earth after, clean earth with clear water respectively, should not duck in drink for a long time, in order to avoid the active ingredient of rhizoma Gastrodiae is dissolved in the water with classification; Long-time rhizoma Gastrodiae processing back product blackening of soaking influences medicinal and quality.
There is processing " RHIZONA GASTRODIAE " in the minority area or has outlet to wait other purposes, and then available bamboo chip, tagger or dig skin on sandstone are to remove scale and epidermis.According to chemical analysis, remove the rhizoma Gastrodiae commodity of processing behind scale and the epidermis, its active constituent content there is no much variations, promptly drug effect is not had much influences.The rhizoma Gastrodiae commodity of general no specific (special) requirements then needn't be removed the peel.
(3) the boiling boiling is the important manufacturing procedure of rhizoma Gastrodiae.Steaming is arranged, boils two kinds of methods because the active ingredient of rhizoma Gastrodiae is soluble in water, so with the method for steaming for well.The rhizoma Gastrodiae of different brackets is placed in the food steamer steamed 5-30 minute, first-class rhizoma Gastrodiae steamed 15-30 minute, and second-class 10-15 minute, third-class 5-10 minute, off standard 5 minutes.The time of steaming does not have the Bai Xinwei degree with rhizoma Gastrodiae, and whether rhizoma Gastrodiae can be looked after at the light place has evil mind or fracture.
(4) the baking rhizoma Gastrodiae can use heated kang, but must be noted that firepower can not be too violent, otherwise causes outside drying easily and the center is still very soft, forms popular your " sugared heart egg ".Temperature is advisable with 50-60 ℃ when beginning to toast, and makes that moisture evaporates rapidly in the rhizoma Gastrodiae body, to seven, when most probably doing, take out and press partially, continues baking again, and temperature should be grasped about 70 ℃, can not surpass 80 ℃, in order to avoid it is burnt rotten to cause rhizoma Gastrodiae to do.Rhizoma Gastrodiae after the oven dry must be used the plastic film bag hermetically storing, goes mouldy in case get damp.
Claims (7)
1, the method for the synchronous cultivation of rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation, it is characterized in that: its method step comprises:
Step 1, at the timber borehole, the halimasch kind is put into the hole;
Step 2, Germination Strain and seeds of Gastrodia elata are mixed thoroughly;
Step 3, on selected address the sandy soil of pad 5-10cm;
Step 4, on spread the leaf that soaks;
Step 5, the seed that step 2 is mixed are sprinkling upon on the good leaf of step 3 pad equably;
Step 1 a good halimasch timber in step 6, the discharging;
Step 7, between timber, fill out and put branch;
Step 8, on branch, sprinkle halimasch equably;
Step 9, lid sandy soil 5cm.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: on the sandy soil of step 9 lid, repeating step 4-8 covers sandy soil 10-15cm then.
3, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the aperture of step 1 borehole is 1-1.5mm, pitch-row 8-10cm, hole depth 1.5-2cm.
4, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: every square metre of area under cultivation timber 30-50 kilogram, halimasch kind 2500-3500 gram.
5, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: halimasch timber discharging spacing is 10-15cm.
6, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: filling out high-volume of branch is between timber: every square metre of 5-10 kilogram.
7, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: timber is rod wood.
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| CN101855988A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method for culturing fungi and planting tall gastrodia tuber indoors |
| CN101855989A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method utilizing tip branches to plant rhizoma gastrodiae |
| CN102771287A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-11-14 | 重庆市福鑫洋食用菌有限公司 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation technology |
| CN102972200A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-20 | 李喜年 | Three-dimensional cultivation technique for gastrodia elata |
| CN103109727A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-05-22 | 江源区久竹有机山野菜农民专业合作社 | High-yield and high-quality cultivation method of intimating wild gastrodia elata of Changbai mountains |
| CN104521708A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-22 | 永平县永怀中药材种植有限公司 | High-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method |
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| CN105613048A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-01 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | Method for increasing gastrodia elata protocorm inoculation rate |
| CN105706704A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating rhizoma gastrodiae by taking carbonization material as rhizoma gastrodiae cultivating filler |
| CN105746113A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-07-13 | 巴中市通江银耳产业技术研究院 | Method for planting gastrodia elata with waste tremella sticks |
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| CN105961008A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 范金明 | Planting method for Gastrodia elata f. glauca and G. elata. BI. f elata hybrid gastrodia elata |
| CN106258879A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州省仁怀市曹家沟中药材种植专业合作社 | A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae standardized planting technology |
| CN107548907A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 遵义百草谷药业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN107771667A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 南漳致远农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method that seed germination rate is improved in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process |
| CN109258362A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-25 | 郝哲 | A kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN111386995A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 西华大学 | Ecological high-yield cultivation method for gastrodia elata |
| CN111642344A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-11 | 十堰市农业科学院 | Method for efficiently cultivating gastrodia elata seeds indoors in alkaline water source area |
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| ES2259269B1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2007-11-01 | Esteve Quimica, S.A. | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF DERIVATIVES OF 2- (2-PIRIDILMETILSULFINIL) -BENCIMIDAZOL OPTICALLY ACTIVE. |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101855989A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method utilizing tip branches to plant rhizoma gastrodiae |
| CN101855988B (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2012-05-30 | 刘�文 | Method for culturing fungi and planting tall gastrodia tuber indoors |
| CN101855989B (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2012-07-25 | 刘�文 | Method utilizing tip branches to plant rhizoma gastrodiae |
| CN101855988A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method for culturing fungi and planting tall gastrodia tuber indoors |
| CN102972200B (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-07-09 | 李喜年 | Three-dimensional cultivation technique for gastrodia elata |
| CN102972200A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-20 | 李喜年 | Three-dimensional cultivation technique for gastrodia elata |
| CN102771287A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-11-14 | 重庆市福鑫洋食用菌有限公司 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation technology |
| CN103109727A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-05-22 | 江源区久竹有机山野菜农民专业合作社 | High-yield and high-quality cultivation method of intimating wild gastrodia elata of Changbai mountains |
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| CN104521708A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-22 | 永平县永怀中药材种植有限公司 | High-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method |
| CN104663220A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-03 | 袁金池 | Planting method for gastrodia elata |
| CN104663220B (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 袁金池 | A kind of rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods |
| CN105594434A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-05-25 | 南漳致远农业科技有限公司 | Method for repeated utilization of armillaria mellea material used in cooperation with gastrodia elata planting |
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| CN105746113B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2019-10-11 | 巴中市通江银耳产业技术研究院 | A method of utilizing tremella obsolete fungus stick planting rhizoma gastrodiae |
| CN105706704A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating rhizoma gastrodiae by taking carbonization material as rhizoma gastrodiae cultivating filler |
| CN105613048B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-02-16 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | A kind of method for improving rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm and connecing bacterium rate |
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| CN105766282A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-20 | 赤水市亿成生物科技有限公司 | Method for gastrodia elata sexual propagation through bamboo wood |
| CN105961008A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 范金明 | Planting method for Gastrodia elata f. glauca and G. elata. BI. f elata hybrid gastrodia elata |
| CN106258879A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州省仁怀市曹家沟中药材种植专业合作社 | A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae standardized planting technology |
| CN107771667A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 南漳致远农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method that seed germination rate is improved in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process |
| CN107771667B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2021-06-08 | 南漳致远农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving seed germination rate in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process |
| CN107548907A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 遵义百草谷药业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN109258362A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-25 | 郝哲 | A kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN111642344A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-11 | 十堰市农业科学院 | Method for efficiently cultivating gastrodia elata seeds indoors in alkaline water source area |
| CN111386995A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-10 | 西华大学 | Ecological high-yield cultivation method for gastrodia elata |
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