CN102771287A - Gastrodia elata sexual propagation technology - Google Patents
Gastrodia elata sexual propagation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102771287A CN102771287A CN2012102717128A CN201210271712A CN102771287A CN 102771287 A CN102771287 A CN 102771287A CN 2012102717128 A CN2012102717128 A CN 2012102717128A CN 201210271712 A CN201210271712 A CN 201210271712A CN 102771287 A CN102771287 A CN 102771287A
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- rhizoma gastrodiae
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agriculture planting, and in particular relates to a gastrodia elata cultivation technology which specifically comprises the following steps of: selecting gastrodia elata, covering the gastrodia elata by fine soil with adequate water, and putting the gastrodia elata at a constant temperature of 18-28 DEG C to grow until flower; pollinating after the maturation of pollen; after the maturation of fruits, picking seeds, and mixing the seeds with germination bacteria; sawing broad leaf tree twigs into 30-40 centimeters of small segments, chipping 4-6 scaly small holes on the small segments, and putting armillaria mellea into the scaly small holes to be used as bacteria; selecting sandy loam field with gradient, digging ridges, uniformly spreading the seeds over ridge bottoms, laying the bacteria in the ridges which is spread with the seeds, and laying 2-3 centimeters of fin soil over the bacteria; covering with sandy soil, and ridging for ranks; digging out the seeds in October of the next year to obtain poacynum pictum bail; during beginning of the winter to the fresh green of the next year, seeding the poacynum pictum bail according to step 5; and after the winter begins, picking the gastrodia elata. Compared with the conventional method, the cultivation period of the method is obviously shortened, and sufficient labor is provided for farmland; the cultivation process is simplified, and the probability of various crop failures is reduced; and the added additive is contributed to increasing the seed germination, and furthermore, the yield is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural planting, particularly rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation technology.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is a kind of orchid with mycorhiza, and unrooted, no greenery can not be made the nutriment that supplies self to grow, and behind the gastrodia seed germination, the master plays the interior halimasch silk of its body of dependence decomposition invasion and grows.The ripe bulb of rhizoma Gastrodiae is a rare traditional Chinese medicine, have the title of " second genseng ", is the good medicine of China's successive dynasties treating disease and preserving health, in successive dynasties bimillennium draft, is classified as top grade.Rhizoma Gastrodiae have wind-damp dispelling, anticonvulsion, relieving fainting is dizzy, hypotensive effect, especially more outstanding, and have no side effect in analgesia, effect aspect calm.At present, gradually rhizoma Gastrodiae is used for aspects such as health care, medical treatment, food both at home and abroad.
For a long time, the acquisition of rhizoma Gastrodiae all is to rely on to excavate wild bulb, is processed into behind the crude drug except that supplying domestic use, also is sold abroad, enjoy a very good reputation, and be the valuable cargo of China's foreign trade foreign exchange earning.Because the rhizoma Gastrodiae resource-constrained, China actively develops artificial cultivation in the rhizoma Gastrodiae producing region, to increase output, solves the weary problem of medicine source plaque.The gastrodia elata f. glauca reproduction coefficient is low, and never scientific and technological achievement is transformed in the middle of the production reality on a large scale. and many fiber crops farmings are also at the seed that uses some generations, and it is serious to degenerate; Every square metre is all produced about 1kg; Income is less than 30 yuan, and the production cycle is 3 years, 1000 yuan of the average annual income less thaies of 0.07 hectare; Influence the enthusiasm of peasant planting rhizoma Gastrodiae, restricted the rhizoma Gastrodiae industry development.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is to provide the kind method for planting of rhizoma Gastrodiae, and this method stability is good, and yield is high.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology, body may further comprise the steps:
1) choose 100-150g arrow fiber crops, the fine earth sufficient with moisture covers, and places under the 18-28 ℃ of constant temperature, grows to and blooms;
When 2) treating pollen maturation, pollinate;
When 3) treating fruit maturation, pluck seed, and admix Germination Strain;
4) broad-leaved class seeds bar saw is the segment of 30-40 centimetre, and on segment, splits 4-6 squamous osculum, in the squamous osculum, put into halimasch after, as the bacterium material;
5) select acclive sandy loam field season early summer, dig the furrow of wide 40-50 centimetre, dark 18-25 centimetre, the seed that step 3) is mixed with Germination Strain evenly is sprinkled at the bottom of the furrow, and shop bacterium material is laid on the bacterium material with fine earth in spreading like the furrow of seed, and thickness is 2-3 centimetre; On fine earth, spread the seed that the second layer is mixed with Germination Strain, and shop bacterium material, being laid on the bacterium material with fine earth, thickness is 2-3 centimetre; Cover 3-6 cun thick sandy loam, close up and embark on journey;
6) dig out October next year, get hemp;
7) before Clear and Bright the Beginning of Winter to next year, with hemp set by step 5) the method sowing, after the Beginning of Winter, pluck rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Wherein, in step 1), the surface of said fine earth covers with PV ℃ of film.
Wherein, in step 1), place to grow under 20 ℃ of constant temperatures and bloom.
Wherein, in step 2) in, the time of pollination is to have bloomed 24 hours that count in.
Wherein, in step 3), pluck in 12 hours, admix Germination Strain.
Wherein, close up in the soil of embarking on journey in step 5), every was that one-period adds additive at a distance from 10-20 days; The consumption of additive is every square and evenly spreads like 30-50g that the cycle is 3-5 time, each period 15 days; Said additive is made by following method by weight: the waste residue 30-50 part behind the potato desizing; Sucrose 5-10 part is regulated pH to 6.5, fully mixes.
Wherein, in the step 1), choose 100-150g arrow fiber crops, it is 20-25 centimetre washbasin that every 8-12 sisal hemp places radius, and the fine earth covering with the moisture abundance places under 25 ℃ of constant temperatures, grows to and blooms.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: this method is compared with traditional method, and the production cycle significantly shortens, and not with the farmland struggle for the work force between farming and nonfarming sectors; Simplify production process, reduced the probability of the various underproduction simultaneously; The additive of configuration increases seed germination rate, and then improves productive rate.
Embodiment
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.Should be understood that these embodiment only are used to explain the present invention, and unrestricted scope of the present invention.
Rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation, i.e. seminal propagation.This is to prevent one of main path that rhizoma Gastrodiae is degenerated.Seeds of Gastrodia elata is small, and no endosperm only is made up of archiblast.Its sprouting is leaned on one type of hypha,hyphae of Mycena (Mycena) to infect embryo nutrition is provided, and we are referred to as this type fungi that promotes gastrodia seed germination is the gastrodia seed germination bacterium.The kind of Germination Strain: up to the present; The tired gastrodia seed germination bacterium of document newspaper all belongs to the fungi of Mycena (Mycena); Mainly comprise domestic new record kind Mycen osmundicola (Mosmundicola), 3 kinds of novel species are respectively (Morchicola), the little mushroom of the stem of noble dendrobium (Mdendrobii) and open the little mushroom of lip (Manoectochila).Above-mentioned gastrodia seed germination bacterium has produced to promote at indoor, outdoor and relevant rhizoma Gastrodiae and has produced, and to the test result analysis of seeds of Gastrodia elata germination rate and rhizoma Gastrodiae yield effect, with the little mushroom companion of the purple dustpan height of having broadcast the seeds of Gastrodia elata germination rate, the people are the highest for rhizoma Gastrodiae from recent years.At present, extensively promote the use of, the little mushroom of the stem of noble dendrobium has also got into the experiment popularization stage.
Among the present invention, it is domestic that the place of plantation is selected in the Wuxi County, Chongqing City.
The selection of one arrow fiber crops (present embodiment select for use be wild sisal hemp)
Female fiber crops select that the arrow fiber crops are to have only that the arrow fiber crops just have bolting, bloom, the function of result, generation seed; Should select aborning weight at 100-150 gram, growths is intact, healthy and strong, terminal bud is full, the harm of anosis worm, undamaged arrow fiber crops are numb as mother; Arrow fiber crops with such are cultivated seed as female fiber crops; Vitality is strong, and it is many to bloom, and fruit-setting rate is higher.Select arrow fiber crops, individual circular, not damaged at the eve in the Spring Festival.Bury subsequent use with sand or fine earth.It is 20-25 centimetre washbasin that every 8-12 sisal hemp places radius, and the fine earth sufficient with moisture covers, and places under 25 ℃ of constant temperatures, grows to and blooms.
Two pollinations
Pollination time to be being good in 24 hours of Hua Gangkai, and it is block with to be stained with the dish contact point little that pollen becomes.But as surpass be stained with being stained with liquid and doing of dish in 24 hours after, pollen is prone to come off, pollination is difficult for successfully.Choose out the pollen cap on the column cap during pollination, pollen is easy to stick on the pollination pin, and pollen becomes bulk, is placed on to be stained with on the dish pressure gently again, and it is fully contacted, and the rhizoma Gastrodiae fruit that grows like this is full greatly, and numb seed (seed) quantity is also many.The ripe sign of rhizoma Gastrodiae fruit is with finger the sense of feeling like jelly to be arranged when pinching, and the longitudinal grin line is obvious, and a longitudinal cracking firmly can see that sallow floury seed becomes diffusing shape slightly, and this is the best picking period.As plucked evening, the tiny pockmarks in fruit cracking back will come off.In time admix in the Germination Strain after gathering and in two days, plant Tanaka.
The preparation of three bacterium materials
Broad-leaved class seeds all can be used as kind of a planting tall gastrodia tuber bacterium material, are the segment of 30-40 centimetre with bacterium material certificate, and on segment, split 4-6 squamous osculum, put into halimasch in the osculum.
The acquisition of Sibai fiber crops
Mid-May, select acclive sandy loam field, dig the furrow of wide 40-50 centimetre, dark 18-25 centimetre, the seed that is mixed with Germination Strain evenly is sprinkled into furrow at the bottom of, shop bacterium material is laid on the bacterium material with fine earth in spreading like the furrow of seed, thickness is 2-3 centimetre; On fine earth, spread the seed that the second layer is mixed with Germination Strain, and shop bacterium material, being laid on the bacterium material with fine earth, thickness is 2-3 centimetre; Cover 3-6 cun thick sandy loam, close up and embark on journey; In closing up the soil of embarking on journey, whenever be one-period adding additive at a distance from 15 days, the consumption of additive is every square and evenly spreads like 40g; Cycle is 4 times; Each period 15 days, said additive is made by following method by weight: 40 parts in the waste residue behind the potato desizing, 8 parts of sucrose; Regulate pH to 6.5, fully mix.Purpose is fully to guarantee seed germination.Slight rhizoma Gastrodiae can be seen after individual month in two sides, plantation back, and dig out October next year, gets hemp, and a square meter probably digs 10 jin.
The acquisition of five rhizoma Gastrodiaes
Select acclive sandy loam field, dig the furrow of wide 40-50 centimetre, dark 18-25 centimetre, hemp is sprinkled into furrow at the bottom of, shop bacterium material is laid on the bacterium material with fine earth in spreading like the furrow of hemp, thickness is 2-3 centimetre; On fine earth, spread second layer hemp, and shop bacterium material, being laid on the bacterium material with fine earth, thickness is 2-3 centimetre; Cover 3-6 cun thick sandy loam, close up and embark on journey.Naked eyes judge that big seed (hemp) is placed on two seedlet and is placed on the centre, and one square of 2.5 jin of seed just can dig out during again to the Beginning of Winter, and one jin of seed can dig 10 jin of commodity rhizoma Gastrodiaes.Its effective component is consistent with Wild gastrodia.
Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the aim and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) choose 100-150g arrow fiber crops, the fine earth sufficient with moisture covers, and places under the 18-28 ℃ of constant temperature, grows to and blooms;
When 2) treating pollen maturation, pollinate;
When 3) treating fruit maturation, pluck seed, and admix Germination Strain;
4) broad-leaved class seeds bar saw is the segment of 30-40 centimetre, and on segment, splits 4-6 squamous osculum, in the squamous osculum, put into halimasch after, as the bacterium material;
5) select acclive sandy loam field, dig the furrow of wide 40-50 centimetre, dark 18-25 centimetre, the seed that step 3) is mixed with Germination Strain evenly is sprinkled at the bottom of the furrow, and shop bacterium material is laid on the bacterium material with fine earth in spreading like the furrow of seed, and thickness is 2-3 centimetre; On fine earth, spread the seed that the second layer is mixed with Germination Strain, and shop bacterium material, being laid on the bacterium material with fine earth, thickness is 2-3 centimetre; Cover 3-6 cun thick sandy loam, close up and embark on journey;
6) dig out October next year, get hemp;
7) before Clear and Bright the Beginning of Winter to next year, with hemp set by step 5) the method sowing, after the Beginning of Winter, pluck rhizoma Gastrodiae.
2. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 1), the surface of said fine earth covers with the PVC film.
3. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 1), places to grow under 20 ℃ of constant temperatures and blooms.
4. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the time of pollination is to have bloomed 24 hours that count in.
5. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 3), plucks in 12 hours, admixes Germination Strain.
6. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, closes up in the soil of embarking on journey in step 5); Every was that one-period adds additive at a distance from 10-20 days, and the consumption of additive is every square and evenly spreads like 30-50g that the cycle is 3-5 time; Each period 15 days, said additive is made by following method by weight: the waste residue 30-50 part behind the potato desizing, sucrose 5-10 part; Regulate pH to 6.5, fully mix.
7. rhizoma Gastrodiae sexual propagation technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step 1); Choose 100-150g arrow fiber crops, it is 20-25 centimetre washbasin that every 8-12 sisal hemp places radius, with the fine earth covering of moisture abundance; Place under 25 ℃ of constant temperatures, grow to and bloom.
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| CN2012102717128A CN102771287A (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation technology |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004469A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 乐山市金口河区森宝野生植物开发有限公司 | Tall gastrodia tuber culture method, tall gastrodia tuber liquor and tall gastrodia tuber production process by using small-caliber container |
| CN103548562A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 关岭百龙汇生物科技有限公司 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation high-yield cultivation method |
| CN104221645A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 徐大东 | Efficient and energy-saving planting method for tall gastrodia tubers |
| CN104541970A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 李志芳 | Outdoor tall gastrodia tuber cultivating method in northern area |
| CN105794438A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 谢孝钦 | Gastrodia elata cultivation method |
| CN106888724A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 乐山市金口河区森宝野生植物开发有限公司 | A kind of wild gastrodia elata f. glauca sexual reproduction technique |
| CN107027491A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-11 | 贵州习部中药材种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of method for shortening gastrodia elata f. glauca growth cycle |
| CN114342958A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州省园艺研究所(贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心) | Seed dressing microbial inoculum for promoting germination of orchid seeds and seed dressing and culturing method |
| CN114617035A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-06-14 | 云南省林业和草原技术推广总站 | Method for rapidly culturing gastrodia elata seeds |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004469B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2015-01-07 | 乐山市金口河区森宝野生植物开发有限公司 | Tall gastrodia tuber culture method, tall gastrodia tuber liquor and tall gastrodia tuber production process by using small-caliber container |
| CN103004469A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 乐山市金口河区森宝野生植物开发有限公司 | Tall gastrodia tuber culture method, tall gastrodia tuber liquor and tall gastrodia tuber production process by using small-caliber container |
| CN104221645A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 徐大东 | Efficient and energy-saving planting method for tall gastrodia tubers |
| CN103548562B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-08-05 | 关岭百龙汇生物科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield cultivating method of gastrodia elata sexual propagation |
| CN103548562A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 关岭百龙汇生物科技有限公司 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation high-yield cultivation method |
| CN104541970B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2017-10-10 | 河北祁一堂药业有限公司 | The method of northern area outdoor planting rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN104541970A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 李志芳 | Outdoor tall gastrodia tuber cultivating method in northern area |
| CN105794438A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 谢孝钦 | Gastrodia elata cultivation method |
| CN106888724A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 乐山市金口河区森宝野生植物开发有限公司 | A kind of wild gastrodia elata f. glauca sexual reproduction technique |
| CN107027491A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-11 | 贵州习部中药材种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of method for shortening gastrodia elata f. glauca growth cycle |
| CN114342958A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州省园艺研究所(贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心) | Seed dressing microbial inoculum for promoting germination of orchid seeds and seed dressing and culturing method |
| CN114342958B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-04-21 | 贵州省园艺研究所(贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心) | Seed dressing microbial inoculum for promoting germination of orchid seeds and seed dressing and culture method |
| CN114617035A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-06-14 | 云南省林业和草原技术推广总站 | Method for rapidly culturing gastrodia elata seeds |
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