CN104521708A - High-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method - Google Patents
High-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521708A CN104521708A CN201410752591.8A CN201410752591A CN104521708A CN 104521708 A CN104521708 A CN 104521708A CN 201410752591 A CN201410752591 A CN 201410752591A CN 104521708 A CN104521708 A CN 104521708A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method. The high-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method comprises the steps of 1 gastrodia elata breeding, 2 material preparation, 3 land selection, 4 planting, 5 management and 6 harvesting. The gastrodia elata cultivation process is a complete one-generation growth process including gastrodia elata planting, capsule forming, protocorm forming, rice-grain-shaped gastrodia elata growth, white gastrodia elata growth and gastrodia elata seed harvesting, one-generation gastrodia elata has high disease and pest resistant capacity, and at least two or three gastrodia elata buds are bred. Therefore, gastrodia elata growth is not influenced even if a part of buds are damaged due to artificial bump during planting or extrusion during transportation, and gastrodia elata yield is ensured. The high-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method fully utilizes pine leaves and humus fillers, so that felled miscellaneous trees are greatly decreased. A large number of miscellaneous trees of 100 kilograms are needed for traditional gastrodia elata planting per square meter, only miscellaneous trees of 30 kilograms are needed for gastrodia elata planting per square meter by means of the high-yield energy-saving gastrodia elata cultivation method, the gastrodia elata yield is ensured, and meanwhile natural resources are effectively protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology field of rhizoma Gastrodiae, specifically a kind of high yield and saving energy cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is the dry tuber of orchid rhizoma Gastrodiae Gastrodia elata Bl., have another name called rhizoma gastrodiae, from mother, yellow moccasin flower, god's grass, solely shake sesame, rhizoma gastrodiae fat, DINGFENGCAO, conjunction from grass, solely shake, automatically grass, water potato, be famous traditional Chinese medicine.Just be used as medicine before two thousand years, be rich in Gastrodin, Vanillin, protein, amino acid and trace element, its property is pungent, warm, nontoxic, has anti-epileptic, and resisting throbs with fear faints, antirheumatic; Calmness, antispastic, analgesia, qi-restoratives, effect of suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind, function cures mainly suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind and stops convulsion, for have a headache dizzy, extremity numbness, epilepsy clonus, tetanus, feel dizzy, the disease such as neurasthenia, wind-cold-dampness arthralgia and child convulsion.
Owing to being subject to the restriction of wild resource, the source of Wild gastrodia is fewer and feweri, the artificial method for planting of rhizoma Gastrodiae has become the prefered method of rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, but there are the following problems for the artificial method for planting of current rhizoma Gastrodiae: the provenance of (1) rhizoma Gastrodiae artificial planting is all adopt vegetative propagation to obtain, its kind of fiber crops only has a bud head, the problems such as wiping is touched, extruding cannot be avoided in transport or planting process owing to only having a bud head, bud head is often caused to damage, successfully cannot germinate after plantation, cause Output of Gastrodia elata low; (2) artificial culture 1 square of rhizoma Gastrodiae needs to set more than the weedtree of 100kg at present, therefore, the artificial cultivation of rhizoma Gastrodiae needs to consume a large amount of weedtree trees, like this for a long time certain destructiveness is created to ecological resources, contradict with the energy-saving and environmental protecting that current national proposes, energy-saving and environmental protecting requirement cannot be met.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, for the problem yielded poorly in the plantation of current rhizoma Gastrodiae, consumption of natural resource is many, to provide a kind of high yield and saving energy cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae, the method cultivation rhizoma Gastrodiae has that output is high, consume energy few feature.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of high yield and saving energy cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae, and it is characterized in that, step comprises:
(1) the fiber crops cultivation of planting: to select high-quality during rhizoma Gastrodiae hibernation period, short and round rhizoma Gastrodiae is as fiber crops kind, the wood sawdust that humidity is 70 ~ 75% is filled with flowerpot, the plantation of kind fiber crops in flowerpot, temperature put into by flowerpot is that 3 ~ 5 DEG C of thermostatic chambers are placed 55 ~ 60 days, during to 2 ~ March of Second Year, when room temperature reaches 15 ~ 20 DEG C, kind fiber crops in flowerpot start bolting, tongue blooms up to during 80 ~ 120cm, Post flowering gets different tongue cross pollination, the flower of pollination grows north fruit, north fruit is 22 ~ 24 DEG C in temperature, humidity is in desinfection chamber, admix Germination Strain after plucking when growth reaches medium well for 3 ~ 4 weeks under the condition of 60 ~ 65%, the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is 22 ~ 24 DEG C in temperature, humidity is place 3 ~ 5 days under the aseptic condition of 65 ~ 70%, then the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is seeded into temperature 15 ~ 25 DEG C, on the close ring bacterium bacterium bed of humidity 73 ~ 77%, north fruit grows 15 ~ 20 days and forms protocorm on bacterium bed, protocorm growth forms hemp in 28 ~ 35 days, hemp continued growth forms rice fiber crops for 55 ~ 65 days, the numb regrowth of rice grows up to fiber crops and plants after 55 ~ 65 days,
(2) get the raw materials ready: in 2 annual ~ June, by the every square metre of pine needle 10 ~ 20kg and humic filler 10 ~ 20kg that gets the raw materials ready, with 100 ~ 200 water, pine needle and humic filler are soaked drenched; Selection diameter is the leaf wood 30kg of 3 ~ 10cm, is sawn into 10 ~ 15cm long, is then chopped to fish scale-shaped;
(3) selection of land: select the sylvan life gradient to be 15 ~ 35 degree, the surface dust of soil block of shooting off itself, ground levelling;
(4) plant: with drenched pine tag, ground is paved, be as the criterion to lose ground, again cultured leaf wood yaw on pine tag, gap between adjacent leaf wood is 10 ~ 15cm, then on two ends fiber crops kind being placed on leaf wood and fish scale-shaped mouth, then cover with drenched humic filler, humic filler thickness is 5-10cm, the same method pendulum second layer, the humic filler above the second layer is 15 ~ 20cm; And then spread pine needle, the thickness of pine needle is 25 ~ 35cm;
(5) manage: rhizoma Gastrodiae cultivate temperature can not more than 25 DEG C, humidity is 50 ~ 60%, carry out and water and artificial weeding work;
(6) gather: after annual the Beginning of Winter, gather according to a conventional method.
Further: in step (2), described leaf wood is chestnut.
Further: in step (4), during plantation, the heavy amount of every square is 500g.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention plants numb cultivating process be that kind of fiber crops → the first day of the lunar month fruit → protocorm → rice fiber crops → hemp → fiber crops plants is a complete generation process of growth, and such generation fiber crops are planted has the strongest disease-resistant, worm ability; Breeding fiber crops plant bud head at least 2 ~ 3, having artificial damaging or extrusion damage when transporting part bud head like this, all can not affect its growth, thus ensure that the output of rhizoma Gastrodiae when planting;
(2) the present invention make use of the pine tag of sylvan life and humic filler fully and greatly reducing felling to weedtree tree like this, the every square meter of tradition planting rhizoma gastrodiae needs weedtree to set 100 kilograms, need a large amount of assorted trees, adopt the inventive method, the plantation of every square meter rhizoma Gastrodiae only needs 30 kilograms, available protecting natural resources while ensure that Output of Gastrodia elata;
(3) implantation methods of the present invention is soilless culture, and not only output is high, and the rhizoma Gastrodiae linen look of plantation is short and justify, and kind exceedes national standard.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A high yield and saving energy cultivation method for rhizoma Gastrodiae, step comprises:
(1) the fiber crops cultivation of planting: to select high-quality during rhizoma Gastrodiae hibernation period, short and round rhizoma Gastrodiae is as fiber crops kind, the wood sawdust that humidity is 70% is filled with flowerpot, the plantation of kind fiber crops in flowerpot, temperature put into by flowerpot is that 3 DEG C of thermostatic chambers are placed 55 days, during to Second Year February, when room temperature reaches 15 DEG C, kind fiber crops in flowerpot start bolting, tongue blooms up to during 80cm, Post flowering gets different tongue cross pollination, the flower of pollination grows north fruit, north fruit is 22 DEG C in temperature, humidity is in desinfection chamber, admix Germination Strain after plucking when growing 3 weeks under the condition of 60% and reach medium well, the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is 22 DEG C in temperature, humidity is place 3 days under the aseptic condition of 65%, then the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain being seeded into temperature is 15 DEG C, humidity is on the close ring bacterium bacterium bed of 73%, north fruit grows 15 days and forms protocorm on bacterium bed, protocorm grows 28 days and forms hemp, hemp continued growth forms rice fiber crops for 55 days, the numb regrowth of rice grows up to fiber crops and plants after 55 days,
(2) get the raw materials ready: in annual February, by the every square metre of pine needle 10kg and humic filler 10kg that gets the raw materials ready, with 100 water, pine needle and humic filler are soaked drenched; Selection diameter is the leaf wood 30kg of 3cm, is sawn into 10cm long, is then chopped to fish scale-shaped; Leaf wood is chestnut; Humic filler comprises plant Humus and soil, and its part by weight is 1:1.
(3) selection of land: select the sylvan life gradient to be 15 degree, the surface dust of soil block of shooting off itself, ground levelling;
(4) plant: with drenched pine tag, ground is paved, be as the criterion to lose ground, again cultured leaf wood yaw on pine tag, gap between adjacent leaf wood is 10cm, and on the two ends then fiber crops kind being placed on leaf wood and fish scale-shaped mouth, heavy amount is every square meter plantation 500g, cover with drenched humic filler again, humic filler thickness is 5cm, the same method pendulum second layer, and the humic filler above the second layer is 15cm; And then spread pine needle, the thickness of pine needle is 25cm;
(5) manage: rhizoma Gastrodiae cultivation temperature is 22 DEG C, humidity is 50%, carries out and waters and artificial weeding work;
(6), after annual the Beginning of Winter, gather according to a conventional method.
Embodiment 2
A high yield and saving energy cultivation method for rhizoma Gastrodiae, step comprises:
(1) the fiber crops cultivation of planting: to select high-quality during rhizoma Gastrodiae hibernation period, short and round rhizoma Gastrodiae is as fiber crops kind, the wood sawdust that humidity is 73% is filled with flowerpot, the plantation of kind fiber crops in flowerpot, temperature put into by flowerpot is that 4 DEG C of thermostatic chambers are placed 57 days, during to Second Year March, when room temperature reaches 17 DEG C, kind fiber crops in flowerpot start bolting, tongue blooms up to during 100cm, Post flowering gets different tongue cross pollination, the flower of pollination grows north fruit, north fruit is 23 DEG C in temperature, humidity is in desinfection chamber, admix Germination Strain after plucking when growing 4 weeks under the condition of 63% and reach medium well, the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is 23 DEG C in temperature, humidity is place 4 days under the aseptic condition of 67%, then the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is seeded into temperature 20 DEG C, on the close ring bacterium bacterium bed of humidity 75%, north fruit grows 18 days and forms protocorm on bacterium bed, protocorm grows 31 days and forms hemp, hemp continued growth forms rice fiber crops for 60 days, the numb regrowth of rice grows up to fiber crops and plants after 60 days,
(2) get the raw materials ready: in annual April, by the every square metre of pine needle 15kg and humic filler 15kg that gets the raw materials ready, with 150 water, pine needle and humic filler are soaked drenched; Selection diameter is the leaf wood 30kg of 7cm, is sawn into 12cm long, is then chopped to fish scale-shaped; Leaf wood is chestnut; Humic filler comprises plant Humus and soil, and its part by weight is 1:1.
(3) selection of land: select the sylvan life gradient to be 25 degree, the surface dust of soil block of shooting off itself, ground levelling;
(4) plant: with drenched pine tag, ground is paved, be as the criterion to lose ground, again cultured leaf wood yaw on pine tag, gap between adjacent leaf wood is 12cm, and on the two ends then fiber crops kind being placed on leaf wood and fish scale-shaped mouth, heavy amount is every square meter plantation 500g, cover with drenched humic filler again, humic filler thickness is 8cm, the same method pendulum second layer, and the humic filler above the second layer is 18cm; And then spread pine needle, the thickness of pine needle is 30cm;
(5) manage: rhizoma Gastrodiae cultivation temperature is 24 DEG C, humidity is 55%, carries out and waters and artificial weeding work;
(6), after annual the Beginning of Winter, gather according to a conventional method.
Embodiment 3
A high yield and saving energy cultivation method for rhizoma Gastrodiae, step comprises:
(1) the fiber crops cultivation of planting: to select high-quality during rhizoma Gastrodiae hibernation period, short and round rhizoma Gastrodiae is as fiber crops kind, the wood sawdust that humidity is 75% is filled with flowerpot, the plantation of kind fiber crops in flowerpot, temperature put into by flowerpot is that 5 DEG C of thermostatic chambers are placed 60 days, during to Second Year March, when room temperature reaches 20 DEG C, kind fiber crops in flowerpot start bolting, tongue blooms up to during 120cm, Post flowering gets different tongue cross pollination, the flower of pollination grows north fruit, north fruit is 24 DEG C in temperature, humidity is in desinfection chamber, admix Germination Strain after plucking when growing 4 weeks under the condition of 65% and reach medium well, the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is 24 DEG C in temperature, humidity is place 5 days under the aseptic condition of 70%, then the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is seeded into temperature 25 DEG C, on the close ring bacterium bacterium bed of humidity 77%, north fruit grows 20 days and forms protocorm on bacterium bed, protocorm grows 35 days and forms hemp, hemp continued growth forms rice fiber crops for 65 days, the numb regrowth of rice grows up to fiber crops and plants after 65 days,
(2) get the raw materials ready: in annual June, by the every square metre of pine needle 20kg and humic filler 20kg that gets the raw materials ready, with 200 water, pine needle and humic filler are soaked drenched; Selection diameter is the leaf wood 30kg of 10cm, is sawn into 15cm long, is then chopped to fish scale-shaped; Leaf wood is chestnut; Humic filler comprises plant Humus and soil, and its part by weight is 1:1.
(3) selection of land: select the sylvan life gradient to be 35 degree, the surface dust of soil block of shooting off itself, ground levelling;
(4) plant: with drenched pine tag, ground is paved, be as the criterion to lose ground, again cultured leaf wood yaw on pine tag, gap between adjacent leaf wood is 15cm, and on the two ends then fiber crops kind being placed on leaf wood and fish scale-shaped mouth, heavy amount is every square meter plantation 500g, cover with drenched humic filler again, humic filler thickness is 10cm, the same method pendulum second layer, and the humic filler above the second layer is 20cm; And then spread pine needle, the thickness of pine needle is 35cm;
(5) manage: rhizoma Gastrodiae cultivation temperature is 23 DEG C, humidity is 60%, carries out and waters and artificial weeding work;
(6), after annual the Beginning of Winter, gather according to a conventional method.
Implantation methods effect of the present invention sees the following form
As seen from the above table, not only profile is good, output is high for the rhizoma Gastrodiae utilizing the inventive method to produce, single weight large, and the content of Gastrodin also exceedes the rhizoma Gastrodiae of traditional production; The consumption also remarkable consumption lower than conventional method of weedtree.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the high yield and saving energy cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae, it is characterized in that, step comprises:
(1) the fiber crops cultivation of planting: to select high-quality during rhizoma Gastrodiae hibernation period, short and round rhizoma Gastrodiae is as fiber crops kind, the wood sawdust that humidity is 70 ~ 75% is filled with flowerpot, the plantation of kind fiber crops in flowerpot, temperature put into by flowerpot is that 3 ~ 5 DEG C of thermostatic chambers are placed 55 ~ 60 days, during to 2 ~ March of Second Year, when room temperature reaches 15 ~ 20 DEG C, kind fiber crops in flowerpot start bolting, tongue blooms up to during 80 ~ 120cm, Post flowering gets different tongue cross pollination, the flower of pollination grows north fruit, north fruit is 22 ~ 24 DEG C in temperature, humidity is in desinfection chamber, admix Germination Strain after plucking when growth reaches medium well for 3 ~ 4 weeks under the condition of 60 ~ 65%, the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is 22 ~ 24 DEG C in temperature, humidity is place 3 ~ 5 days under the aseptic condition of 65 ~ 70%, then the north fruit having mixed Germination Strain is seeded into temperature 15 ~ 25 DEG C, on the close ring bacterium bacterium bed of humidity 73 ~ 77%, north fruit grows 15 ~ 20 days and forms protocorm on bacterium bed, protocorm growth forms hemp in 28 ~ 35 days, hemp continued growth forms rice fiber crops for 55 ~ 65 days, the numb regrowth of rice grows up to fiber crops and plants after 55 ~ 65 days,
(2) get the raw materials ready: in 2 annual ~ June, by the every square metre of pine needle 10 ~ 20kg and humic filler 10 ~ 20kg that gets the raw materials ready, with 100 ~ 200 water, pine needle and humic filler are soaked drenched; Selection diameter is the leaf wood 30kg of 3 ~ 10cm, is sawn into 10 ~ 15cm long, is then chopped to fish scale-shaped;
(3) selection of land: select the sylvan life gradient to be 15 ~ 35 degree, the surface dust of soil block of shooting off itself, ground levelling;
(4) plant: with drenched pine tag, ground is paved, be as the criterion to lose ground, again cultured leaf wood yaw on pine tag, gap between adjacent leaf wood is 10 ~ 15cm, then on two ends fiber crops kind being placed on leaf wood and fish scale-shaped mouth, then cover with drenched humic filler, humic filler thickness is 5-10cm, the same method pendulum second layer, the humic filler above the second layer is 15 ~ 20cm; And then spread pine needle, the thickness of pine needle is 25 ~ 35cm;
(5) manage: rhizoma Gastrodiae cultivate temperature can not more than 25 DEG C, humidity is 50 ~ 60%, carry out and water and artificial weeding work;
(6) gather: after annual the Beginning of Winter, gather according to a conventional method.
2. the high yield and saving energy cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (2), described leaf wood is chestnut.
3. the high yield and saving energy cultivation method of rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (4), during plantation, the heavy amount of every square is 500g.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104885753A (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2015-09-09 | 贵州省心意天麻科技开发有限公司 | Cultivation method of gastrodia elata |
| CN105613048A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-01 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | Method for increasing gastrodia elata protocorm inoculation rate |
| CN106034685A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 德江县绿通天麻发展有限公司 | Method for planting Gastrodia elata by using pine needles |
| CN106045630A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 德江县绿通天麻发展有限公司 | Rhizoma gastrodiae armillariella mellea culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106465639A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-01 | 遵义仙人岩种养殖有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN107173031A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-19 | 金寨县云凡绿色中药材有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN107372074A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-24 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | A kind of method of HuperzineA generative propagation |
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| CN104885753A (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2015-09-09 | 贵州省心意天麻科技开发有限公司 | Cultivation method of gastrodia elata |
| CN105613048A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-01 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | Method for increasing gastrodia elata protocorm inoculation rate |
| CN105613048B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-02-16 | 贵州闲草堂医药科技有限公司 | A kind of method for improving rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm and connecing bacterium rate |
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| CN106045630A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 德江县绿通天麻发展有限公司 | Rhizoma gastrodiae armillariella mellea culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106465639A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-01 | 遵义仙人岩种养殖有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN107173031A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-19 | 金寨县云凡绿色中药材有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high yield rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN107372074A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-11-24 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | A kind of method of HuperzineA generative propagation |
| CN107372074B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2020-03-31 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Sexual propagation method for gastrodia elata seed |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |