CN105104057B - A kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation - Google Patents
A kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105104057B CN105104057B CN201510485909.5A CN201510485909A CN105104057B CN 105104057 B CN105104057 B CN 105104057B CN 201510485909 A CN201510485909 A CN 201510485909A CN 105104057 B CN105104057 B CN 105104057B
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- mandarin orange
- sections
- scion
- stock
- tribute mandarin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation, will go out the nursery stock behind garden and load Nutrition Soil or culture matrix using container, cultivate plantation nursery stock by measures such as the water and fertilizer managements of concentration, move into big field cultivation management after one period again.With traditional big field cultivation seedling contrast, two sections of cultivation techniques are a kind of changes for producing planting type, this new cultural method is easy to intensive management, do mechanization operation, for field production, it can save substantial amounts of human and material resources, financial resources within corresponding period, in the case of same size, can save about 70% labour cost, the growth of 50% chemical fertilizer, more conducively agricultural chemicals, nursery stock.Technology is managed and protected with reference to the production of uniqueness, the growth cycle of nursery stock is greatly shortened, embodies more available commercially business conception, be the product of seedling growth industry modernization.Two sections of cultivations are to develop summary and performance under the new situation rapidly in Citrus Industry, by one of main trend developed as nursery stock production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, and in particular to a kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation.
Background technology
Tribute mandarin orange is known as " Chinese mandarin orange king ".Fruit shape is beautiful, fruit coloured gold is yellow, thin skin core is few, the crisp no slag of meat, fresh and sweet fragrant honey, high sugar
Low sour, with rich flavor, it has concentrated orange class beautiful outline form and citrus fine and tender taste, the two-fold advantage of easy peeling, is other citrus product
Kind hardly matches, and is described as the emperor of citrus, wherein two kinds of tribute mandarin oranges of dividend meat and plain boiled pork.
At present, the conventional method for culturing seedlings of tribute mandarin orange is big field cultivation seedling-cultivating, and the method for big field cultivation seedling-cultivating needs to consume
Substantial amounts of human and material resources and financial resources, and the growth cycle of nursery stock is longer, is unfavorable for the modernization of seedling growth industry.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation, and it can be easy to intensive management, do mechanization operation,
And about more labour costs are saved, less with chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation, including
One segment management and two segment management steps, wherein a segment management：
(1) from Fructus Aurantii, scion and collection eye, inserted after cutting standby in clear water；
(2) stock is cut off at away from ground 6 to 8cm, and keeps smooth cut smooth；
(3) one side for selecting scion flat prunes bast from top to bottom with grafting knife in 45 degree, then at eye upper lateral
It is disconnected to cutting；
(4) the grafting scion on stock；
(5) scion that step (4) is plugged on stock is fixed up；
(6) a part of branches and leaves are retained on stock；
(7) start to sprout within ten to ten five days after the completion of grafting and survive, start ground fertilising, foliage dressing and spray after surviving
Medicine, fertilising in every seven to ten days, spray are once；
(8) tribute mandarin orange grafting is grown to garden is gone out after 25 to 30cm, is transferred to the cultivation of two segment managements；
Two segment managements：
(1) from the tribute mandarin orange grafting of high-quality detoxification tissue cultivating, and tribute mandarin orange grafting not tainting virus and disease pest；
(2) be colonized prepared before January nutrient it is sufficient, rich in humus, fertilizer conservation water storage and the good nutrition of transparent performance
Soil；
(3) filled with nutrition cup to Nutrition Soil half cup made from step (2), stopped between often going the spacing of service aisle with
It is easy to manage；
(4) healthy and strong tribute mandarin orange grafting is chosen, is cut after taking-up tribute mandarin orange grafting with fruit and trims root and trunk, trunk is used
Determine the immersion of root solution to replant in nutrition cup, pour the agricultural chemicals of root water, secondary spray prevention fungoid and Disease；
(5) keep ground moistening after being colonized, start to apply fertilizer after 15 days, using containing amino acid, humic acid, potassium fulvate
The nitrate-based compound fertilizer solution of organic fertilizer and 5% content, in every 15 heaven-made single-dose application cycle, applied in the form of liquid manure
With；
(6) after nursery stock eruption sprouting, the decoction for preventing and treating viral and fungoid disease and pest control is sprayed, and add leaf
Leaven；
(7) nursery stock February early and middle ten dayses be transferred to nutrition cup, after coring prosperity move into crop field manage and protect.
Preferably, scion is done from healthy and strong Fructus Aurantii, sour tangerine stock in the step of segment management (1), collection is disease-free
The tribute mandarin orange branch of poison makees eye.
Preferably, the long 1.5cm of bevel is kept in the step of segment management (3), is laterally cut at the 0.3cm of eye top
It is disconnected.
Preferably, the method for grafting scion comprises the following steps on stock in the step of segment management (4)：Selection
The smooth one side grafting knife of stock is upward to prune a fritter bast, then grafting knife is close into the downward rip cutting one of stock trunk
Knife, forming layer is deep to, is then aligned with forming layer insertion scion.
Preferably, the method that the scion in the step of segment management (5) on stock is fixed up includes following step
Suddenly：With covered rearing with plastic film stock section and scion spigot, left hand presses steady scion, and the right hand, which holds film and takes out band and take out hard-pressed bale and prick, to be beaten
Tie, avoid scion movement crooked in said process；
Preferably, grafting knife is close to the length that stock trunk indulges downwards partial application in the step of segment management (4)
For 1.5cm, it is directed at scion after forming layer inserts scion and exposes bevel 0.15cm.
Preferably, the weight proportion of Nutrition Soil is in the step of two segment management (2)：Minishanny 1000kg, wood sawdust
50kg, farm manure 200kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 25kg, urea 5kg and quick lime 25kg, are sufficiently mixed rear stack retting 30 days, use straw
Or film is carried out and covers abundant fermentation maturity.
Preferably, the farm manure poultry manure.
Preferably, nutrition cup specification is described in the step of two segment management (3)：Rim of a cup diameter 30cm, height
40cm。
Preferably, trunk stays up to 30cm in the step of two segment management (4), is implanted under nutrition cup earthing to rim of a cup
3cm。
Preferably, the insect pest in the step of two segment management (6) is wood louse or aleyrodid, and decoction sprays one in every seven days
It is secondary, amount to spraying liquid three to four times, wherein meeting high temperature, high humidity weather, spray decoction after blade is dry and comfortable after the rain immediately.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation provided by the invention, are planted with respect to crop field
For training, it can save substantial amounts of human and material resources, financial resources within corresponding period, in the case of same size, can save about
70% labour cost, the growth of 50% chemical fertilizer, more conducively agricultural chemicals, nursery stock, greatly shorten the growth cycle of nursery stock.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with example, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment：
A kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation, including a segment management and two segment managements, wherein a segment management is：
(1) scion is done from healthy and strong Fructus Aurantii, sour tangerine stock, gathers virus-free tribute mandarin orange branch and make eye, cut rearmounted
Enter standby in clear water；
(2) stock is cut off at away from ground 6-8cm, and keeps smooth cut smooth；
(3) the flat one side of scion is selected to prune bast from top to bottom in 45 degree with grafting knife, the long 1.5cm of bevel, then at
Laterally cut at the 0.3cm of eye top disconnected；
(4) select the smooth one side grafting knife of stock is upward to prune a fritter bast, then grafting knife is close to anvil
Wooden trunk indulges downwards partial application, is deep to forming layer, and long 1.5cm is then aligned with forming layer insertion scion, and scion bevel exposes
0.15cm；
(5) first with covered rearing with plastic film stock section and scion spigot, left hand presses steady scion, and the right hand, which holds film and takes out band, to be taken out
Hard-pressed bale, which is pricked, to knot, and avoids scion movement crooked in said process；
(6) member-retaining portion branches and leaves on stock；
(7) start to sprout within ten to ten five days after the completion of grafting and survive, start ground and foliage dressing after surviving, it is general to use
Be that one slightly " three fertile three medicines " fertilising in every seven to ten days, spray are once.
(8) hair two batches is taken out later, grafting, which is grown to 25 to 30cm, can go out garden, be transferred to two sections of cultivations.
Two segment managements are：
(1) from high-quality detoxification tissue cultivating tribute mandarin orange grafting, it is desirable to grafting not tainting virus, do not carry acarid,
Aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum etc.；
(2) be colonized be ready to before January to prepare nutrient it is sufficient, rich in humus, fertilizer conservation water storage and the good battalion of transparent performance
It is standby to support soil.Preferably, the collocation method of Nutrition Soil is：Minishanny 1000kg, wood sawdust 50kg, farm manure 200kg, calcium and magnesium phosphorus
Fertile 25kg, urea 5kg and quick lime 25kg, rear stack retting is sufficiently mixed more than January, carried out with straw or film and cover abundant fermentation maturity
, the farm manure poultry manure.
(3) standby to half cup with nutrition cup filling Nutrition Soil, often six bags of row pendulum, stops service aisle in order to manage, often
Mu field planting strain number is about 30,000 plants.Preferably, 30 centimetres of the specification rim of a cup diameter of the nutrition cup, it is highly 40 centimetres；
(4) healthy and strong grafting is chosen, is cut after taking-up with fruit and trims root and trunk.Trunk stays up to 30 centimetres of left sides
The right side, enter before cup with the immersion of root solution determine, plant afterwards in nutrition cup, lower three centimetres to rim of a cup of earthing, pour root water, secondary spray is pre-
Anti-fungal and Disease agricultural chemicals, the pre- ulcer of emphasis and anthracnose；
(5) ground moistening is kept after being colonized, starts to apply fertilizer after 15 days, every 15 heaven-made single-dose application cycle, using water
The form of fertilizer is applied.It is molten using the nitrate-based compound fertilizer containing the organic fertilizers such as amino acid, humic acid, potassium fulvate and 5% content
Liquid；
(6) after nursery stock eruption sprouting, the decoction such as viral preventing and treating and fungoid disease and preventing and treating wood louse, aleyrodid is sprayed, adds leaf
Leaven, once, spray is three times for spray in every seven days.High temperature, high humidity weather are met, sprays diseases prevention decoction after blade is dry and comfortable after the rain immediately；
(7) nursery stock February early and middle ten dayses enter cup, be typically up to 60-80cm, coring through spring, summer, season in the autumn three energetic bandit of tree later
It is flourishing, you can move into crop field and manage and protect, also can in next year two, March move into crop field, the nursery stock after two sections of cultivations is flourishing,
Coring is flourishing, and hair branch ability is stronger, the period of tribute mandarin orange can be carried into the previous year.
On the premise of same cultivated area, by two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange of the present invention plantation and traditional field production
Tested, it is specific as follows：
1st, grouping experiment
This is tested during 2011-2014, equal area and the consistent soil of soil is divided into two parts, a copy of it
Two sections of cultural methods are carried out, it is a in addition then to carry out traditional field production method.Wherein two sections of cultural methods refer to above-mentioned reality
Apply example.
2nd, experimental data
The human cost, pesticide cost, fertilizer cost and bear fruit the cycle that whole process consumed are recorded and count, specifically
Experimental data such as following table：
| Cultural method | Human cost (member) | Pesticide cost (member) | Fertilizer cost (member) | Bear fruit the cycle (year) |
| Two sections of cultivations | a | b | C | d |
| Field production | 1.7a | 1.5b | 1.5c | d-1 |
By above-mentioned experiment, on the premise of same cultivated area, two sections of cultural methods can save substantial amounts of people
Power, material resources and financial resources.In the case of same size, about 70% labour cost can be saved, 50% chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, be more conducive to
The growth of nursery stock, the growth cycle of nursery stock is greatly shortened, can typically shift to an earlier date 1 year and bear fruit.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange plantation, it is characterised in that including a segment management and two segment management steps, wherein one
Segment management：
(1) from Fructus Aurantii, scion and collection eye, inserted after cutting standby in clear water；
(2) stock is cut off at away from ground 6 to 8cm, and keeps smooth cut smooth；
(3) one side for selecting scion flat prunes bast from top to bottom with grafting knife in 45 degree, is cut then at eye upper lateral
It is disconnected；
(4) the grafting scion on stock；
(5) scion that step (4) is plugged on stock is fixed up；
(6) a part of branches and leaves are retained on stock；
(7) start to sprout within ten to ten five days after the completion of grafting and survive, start ground fertilising, foliage dressing and spray after surviving,
Fertilising in every seven to ten days, spray are once；
(8) tribute mandarin orange grafting is grown to garden is gone out after 25 to 30cm, is transferred to the cultivation of two segment managements；
Two segment managements：
(1) from the tribute mandarin orange grafting of high-quality detoxification tissue cultivating, and tribute mandarin orange grafting not tainting virus and disease pest；
(2) be colonized prepared before January nutrient it is sufficient, rich in humus, fertilizer conservation water storage and the good Nutrition Soil of transparent performance；
(3) filled with nutrition cup to Nutrition Soil half cup made from step (2), stopped between often going the spacing of service aisle in order to
Management；
(4) healthy and strong tribute mandarin orange grafting is chosen, is cut after taking-up tribute mandarin orange grafting with fruit and trims root and trunk, trunk, which is used, determines root
Solution immersion is replanted in nutrition cup, pours the agricultural chemicals of root water, secondary spray prevention fungoid and Disease；
(5) keep ground moistening after being colonized, start to apply fertilizer after 15 days, have using containing amino acid, humic acid, potassium fulvate
The nitrate-based compound fertilizer solution of machine liquid fertilizer and 5% content, in every 15 heaven-made single-dose application cycle, applied in the form of liquid manure；
(6) after nursery stock eruption sprouting, the decoction for preventing and treating viral and fungoid disease and pest control is sprayed, and add blade face
Fertilizer；
(7) nursery stock February early and middle ten dayses be transferred to nutrition cup, after coring prosperity move into crop field manage and protect.
2. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation a, it is characterised in that the step of segment management
(1) scion is done from healthy and strong Fructus Aurantii, sour tangerine stock in, virus-free tribute mandarin orange branch is gathered and makees eye.
3. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation a, it is characterised in that the step of segment management
(3) the long 1.5cm of bevel is kept in, is laterally cut at the 0.3cm of eye top disconnected.
4. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation a, it is characterised in that the step of segment management
(4) method of grafting scion comprises the following steps on stock in：The smooth one side grafting knife of selection stock is upward to be pruned
One fritter bast, then grafting knife is close to stock trunk and indulges partial application downwards, forming layer is deep to, is then aligned with forming layer insertion
Scion.
5. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation a, it is characterised in that the step of segment management
(5) method that the scion on stock is fixed up comprises the following steps：Inserted with covered rearing with plastic film stock section with scion
Mouthful place, left hand press steady scion, and the right hand, which holds film and takes out band and take out hard-pressed bale, pricks knotting, avoids scion to move in said process crooked.
6. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation a, it is characterised in that the step of segment management
(4) length that grafting knife is close to the vertical partial application downwards of stock trunk in is 1.5cm, is directed at scion after forming layer inserts scion and exposes
Bevel 0.15cm.
7. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation, it is characterised in that the step of two segment management
(2) weight proportion of Nutrition Soil is in：Minishanny 1000kg, wood sawdust 50kg, farm manure 200kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 25kg, urea
5kg and quick lime 25kg, is sufficiently mixed rear stack retting 30 days, is carried out with straw or film and covers abundant fermentation maturity.
8. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation, it is characterised in that the step of two segment management
(3) nutrition cup specification described in is：Rim of a cup diameter 30cm, height 40cm.
9. two sections of cultural methods of tribute mandarin orange according to claim 1 plantation, it is characterised in that the step of two segment management
(4) trunk stays up to 30cm in, is implanted into 3cm under nutrition cup earthing to rim of a cup.
10. two sections of cultural methods of the tribute mandarin orange plantation according to claim 1 as 9 any one, it is characterised in that described two
Insect pest in the step of segment management (6) is wood louse or aleyrodid, and decoction spray in every seven days once, amounts to spraying liquid three to four times, its
Middle chance high temperature, high humidity weather, spray decoction immediately after blade is dry and comfortable after the rain.
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| CN107646460B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2021-03-30 | 乐山市柠香果农业开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating lemon-flavored tangerine |
| CN106518334A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | Fruit-retention fertilizer for citrus gonggan |
| CN107896781A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-13 | 荔浦县万家兴果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of cumquat seedling |
| CN108243752A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-06 | 焦文君 | A kind of method of the secondary stock reclosing of citrange |
| CN108702989A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-26 | 申琳 | A kind of method that citrus orchard traps natural enemy |
| CN110238175B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江大学 | Method for restoring cadmium-polluted farmland soil by rape-medium rice crop rotation |
| CN110367025B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2022-02-11 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Citrus disease-free container large seedling planting method with rapid high yield and strong disease resistance |
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| 柑桔苗营养袋假植技术;覃伟;《农业科技通讯》;20051231(第4期);第15页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20180921 Address after: 542600 36 Xingzhong Road, Zijin Mountain County, Hezhou, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: Zijin Mountain County De Fu Farm Products Co., Ltd. Address before: 542600 four village, Tonggu Town, Zijin Mountain County, Hezhou, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: ZHONGSHAN JIAYUAN ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE CO., LTD. |