CN107771667B - Method for improving seed germination rate in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process - Google Patents
Method for improving seed germination rate in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107771667B CN107771667B CN201610772675.7A CN201610772675A CN107771667B CN 107771667 B CN107771667 B CN 107771667B CN 201610772675 A CN201610772675 A CN 201610772675A CN 107771667 B CN107771667 B CN 107771667B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving seed germination rate in a gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process, which comprises the following steps of culturing shoestring fungus materials according to a traditional method in July of the last year; culturing a wood dust culture medium germination bacterium plastic bag strain according to a traditional method in the last decade; selecting Gastrodia elata without disease and pest in November of the last year, and preserving under natural air temperature condition; in the last ten days of the first month of the next year, accelerating germination and artificial pollination are carried out on the preserved gastrodia elata according to the traditional method, and gastrodia elata is picked in the last ten days of March to obtain plastic fruits; breaking the plastic bag fungi into small pieces with the size of 2 cm; breaking off the gastrodia elata capsule, taking seeds and mixing the seeds into small pieces; putting the seeds into a breeding bag, sealing the breeding bag and leaving small ventilation holes, and culturing for 4-7 days; the cultured germinating fungus pieces are removed from the bags, fine sand is added into the breeding bags, and the breeding bags are uncovered for 20 days to form dark brown fungus membranes on the surfaces, so that the cultivating bags can be used for field planting. The cultured small germination bacterium blocks mixed with the gastrodia elata seeds have drought resistance and moisture resistance, so that the loss of strain withering and rotting can be reduced, and the seed germination rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding method, in particular to a method for improving seed germination rate in a gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process.
Background
The seeds of the gastrodia elata are extremely small, such as powder, the seeds have no endosperm or other nutrition, the gastrodia elata cannot germinate, and the gastrodia elata seeds are provided with nutrition to germinate after being infected by germinating bacteria. Because the gastrodia elata seeds are extremely small and extremely intolerant to storage, the planting mode that the gastrodia elata seeds are picked and germinated with the gastrodia elata seeds is planted in a field at present. The planting mode has the phenomenon that the germination bacteria mixed with the gastrodia elata seeds are easy to wither and rot, so that the germination rate of the gastrodia elata seeds is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for improving the germination rate of seeds in the sexual propagation breeding process of gastrodia elata, which has the effects of drought resistance, moisture resistance and high germination rate.
The invention comprises germination acceleration and artificial pollination according to the traditional method, and adopts the technical scheme that:
step 1, culturing shoestring fungus strains according to a traditional method in July of the last year;
step 2, cultivating the wood dust culture medium germination bacteria plastic bag strains for later use in the last decade according to the traditional method;
step 3, selecting 200-250 g/weight of gastrodia elata without plant diseases and insect pests in November of the last year, and preserving the gastrodia elata under the natural air temperature condition;
step 4, in the first ten days of the first month of the next year, accelerating germination and artificial pollination are carried out on the preserved gastrodia elata according to the traditional method, and the cracked gastrodia elata is picked in the last ten days of March to form plastic fruits;
step 5, breaking the plastic bag fungi to be used in the step 2 into small germination fungi blocks with the size of 2cm for later use;
step 6, breaking off the gastrodia elata capsules in the step 4, taking gastrodia elata seeds, mixing the gastrodia elata seeds into the small germination bacteria blocks to be used in the step 5, mixing the gastrodia elata seeds into each Kg of small plastic germination bacteria blocks, mixing the gastrodia elata seeds into 15-20 gastrodia elata capsules, and enabling the gastrodia elata seeds to be uniformly distributed and adhered to the periphery of the small germination bacteria blocks;
step 7, putting the mixed germination bacterium blocks into a breeding bag, sealing the breeding bag to leave small ventilation holes, putting the breeding bag into a breeding room in a mode of two bags with opposite openings, and culturing the breeding bag for 4 to 7 days in a dry environment at the temperature of 20 to 25 ℃;
step 8, unpacking the cultured germination bacterium blocks with the dense white hypha formed on the surfaces, and then mixing fine sand to make the surfaces of the bacterium blocks be adhered with sand grains;
and 9, putting the small germinating fungus blocks with the adhered sand grains into a breeding bag, putting the breeding bag into an open port of the breeding chamber at intervals of 2cm for breeding for 20 days, covering 2cm of fine sand on the breeding bag after putting, keeping the humidity of the fine sand at 40% -50% during breeding, spraying water for moisturizing when the humidity is too low, and forming a dark brown fungus film on the surfaces of the small germinating fungus blocks after 20 days so as to be used for field planting.
In the above technical scheme: and (7) putting the germination bacterium blocks into the breeding bags, wherein the weight of each bag is less than or equal to 2 Kg.
The fineness of the fine sand in the step 8 is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
The invention has the following advantages: the method can form a brown fungus film on the surface of the small germination fungus blocks mixed with the gastrodia elata seeds after the small germination fungus blocks are cultured in the breeding bag for two times, and the brown fungus film can form a protective layer for the gastrodia elata seeds and the germination fungi, so that the effects of drought resistance and moisture resistance can be achieved, the problem of low germination rate of the traditional culture method is solved, and the method has the remarkable effects of drought resistance, moisture resistance and seed germination rate improvement.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Step 1, culturing shoestring fungus strains according to a traditional method in July of the last year;
step 2, cultivating the wood dust culture medium germination bacteria plastic bag strains for later use in the last decade according to the traditional method;
step 3, selecting 200-250 g/weight of gastrodia elata without plant diseases and insect pests in November of the last year, and preserving the gastrodia elata under the natural air temperature condition;
step 4, in the first ten days of the first month of the next year, accelerating germination and artificial pollination are carried out on the preserved gastrodia elata according to the traditional method, and the cracked gastrodia elata is picked in the last ten days of March to form plastic fruits;
step 5, breaking the plastic bag fungi to be used in the step 2 into small germination fungi blocks with the size of 2cm for later use;
step 6, breaking off the gastrodia elata capsules in the step 4, taking gastrodia elata seeds, mixing the seeds into the small germination bacteria blocks to be used in the step 5, mixing the seeds into 15 gastrodia elata capsules per Kg of small plastic germination bacteria blocks, and enabling the gastrodia elata seeds to be uniformly distributed and adhered to the peripheries of the small germination bacteria blocks;
step 7, putting the mixed germination bacterium blocks into a breeding bag, sealing the breeding bag and leaving small ventilation holes, putting the breeding bag into a breeding room in a mode of two bags with opposite openings, and culturing the breeding bag for 4 days in a dry environment at the temperature of 20 ℃;
step 8, unpacking the cultured germination bacterium blocks with the dense white hypha formed on the surfaces, and then mixing fine sand to make the surfaces of the bacterium blocks be adhered with sand grains;
and 9, putting the small germinating fungus blocks with the adhered sand grains into a breeding bag, putting the breeding bag into an open port of the breeding chamber at intervals of 2cm for breeding for 20 days, covering 2cm of fine sand on the breeding bag after putting, keeping the humidity of the fine sand at 40% during breeding, spraying water for moisturizing when the humidity is too low, and forming a dark brown fungus film on the surfaces of the small germinating fungus blocks after 20 days so as to be used for field planting.
And (7) putting the germination bacterium blocks into the breeding bags, wherein the weight of each bag is less than or equal to 2 Kg.
The fineness of the fine sand in the step 8 is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
Example 2
Step 1, culturing shoestring fungus strains according to a traditional method in July of the last year;
step 2, cultivating the wood dust culture medium germination bacteria plastic bag strains for later use in the last decade according to the traditional method;
step 3, selecting 220 g/gastrodia elata with no plant diseases and insect pests in the last decade and a half to preserve the gastrodia elata under the natural air temperature condition;
step 4, in the first ten days of the first month of the next year, accelerating germination and artificial pollination are carried out on the preserved gastrodia elata according to the traditional method, and the cracked gastrodia elata is picked in the last ten days of March to form plastic fruits;
step 5, breaking the plastic bag fungi to be used in the step 2 into small germination fungi blocks with the size of 2cm for later use;
step 6, breaking off the gastrodia elata capsules in the step 4, taking gastrodia elata seeds, mixing the seeds into the small germination bacteria blocks to be used in the step 5, mixing 18 gastrodia elata seeds into each Kg of small plastic germination bacteria blocks, and enabling the gastrodia elata seeds to be uniformly distributed and adhered to the peripheries of the small germination bacteria blocks;
step 7, putting the mixed germination bacterium blocks into a breeding bag, sealing the breeding bag and leaving small ventilation holes, putting the breeding bag into a breeding room in a mode of two bags with opposite openings, and culturing the breeding bag for 5 days in a dry environment at 22 ℃;
step 8, unpacking the cultured germination bacterium blocks with the dense white hypha formed on the surfaces, and then mixing fine sand to make the surfaces of the bacterium blocks be adhered with sand grains;
and 9, putting the small germinating fungus blocks with the adhered sand grains into a breeding bag, putting the breeding bag into an open port of the breeding chamber at intervals of 2cm for breeding for 20 days, covering 2cm of fine sand on the breeding bag after putting, keeping the humidity of the fine sand at 45% during breeding, spraying water for moisturizing when the humidity is too low, and forming a dark brown fungus film on the surfaces of the small germinating fungus blocks after 20 days so as to be used for field planting.
And (7) putting the germination bacterium blocks into the breeding bags, wherein the weight of each bag is less than or equal to 2 Kg.
The fineness of the fine sand in the step 8 is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
Example 3
Step 1, culturing shoestring fungus strains according to a traditional method in July of the last year;
step 2, cultivating the wood dust culture medium germination bacteria plastic bag strains for later use in the last decade according to the traditional method;
step 3, selecting 250 g/Gastrodia elata without plant diseases and insect pests in the last decade and a half of a year, and preserving the Gastrodia elata under the natural air temperature condition;
step 4, in the first ten days of the first month of the next year, accelerating germination and artificial pollination are carried out on the preserved gastrodia elata according to the traditional method, and the cracked gastrodia elata is picked in the last ten days of March to form plastic fruits;
step 5, breaking the plastic bag fungi to be used in the step 2 into small germination fungi blocks with the size of 2cm for later use;
step 6, breaking off the gastrodia elata capsules in the step 4, taking gastrodia elata seeds, mixing the seeds into the small germination bacteria blocks to be used in the step 5, mixing 20 gastrodia elata seeds into each Kg of small plastic germination bacteria blocks, and enabling the gastrodia elata seeds to be uniformly distributed and adhered to the peripheries of the small germination bacteria blocks;
step 7, putting the mixed germination bacterium blocks into a breeding bag, sealing the breeding bag and leaving small ventilation holes, putting the breeding bag into a breeding room in a mode of two bags with opposite openings, and culturing for 7 days in a dry environment at 25 ℃;
step 8, unpacking the cultured germination bacterium blocks with the dense white hypha formed on the surfaces, and then mixing fine sand to make the surfaces of the bacterium blocks be adhered with sand grains;
and 9, putting the small germinating fungus blocks adhered with the sand grains into a breeding bag, putting the breeding bag into an open port of the breeding chamber at intervals of 2cm for breeding for 20 days, covering 2cm of fine sand on the breeding bag after putting, keeping the humidity of the fine sand at 50% during breeding, spraying water for moisturizing when the humidity is too low, and forming a dark brown fungus film on the surfaces of the small germinating fungus blocks after 20 days so as to be used for field planting.
And (7) putting the germination bacterium blocks into the breeding bags, wherein the weight of each bag is less than or equal to 2 Kg.
The fineness of the fine sand in the step 8 is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
Claims (3)
1. A method for improving seed germination rate in a gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process comprises germination acceleration and artificial pollination according to a traditional method, and is characterized in that:
step 1, culturing shoestring fungus strains according to a traditional method in July of the last year;
step 2, cultivating the wood dust culture medium germination bacteria plastic bag strains for later use in the last decade according to the traditional method;
step 3, selecting 200-250 g/weight of gastrodia elata without plant diseases and insect pests in November of the last year, and preserving the gastrodia elata under the natural air temperature condition;
step 4, in the first ten days of the first month of the next year, accelerating germination and artificial pollination are carried out on the preserved gastrodia elata according to the traditional method, and the cracked gastrodia elata is picked in the last ten days of March to form plastic fruits;
step 5, breaking the plastic bag fungi to be used in the step 2 into small germination fungi blocks with the size of 2cm for later use;
step 6, breaking off the gastrodia elata capsules in the step 4, taking gastrodia elata seeds, mixing the gastrodia elata seeds into the small germination bacteria blocks to be used in the step 5, mixing the gastrodia elata seeds into each Kg of small plastic germination bacteria blocks, mixing the gastrodia elata seeds into 15-20 gastrodia elata capsules, and enabling the gastrodia elata seeds to be uniformly distributed and adhered to the periphery of the small germination bacteria blocks;
step 7, putting the mixed germination bacterium blocks into a breeding bag, sealing the breeding bag to leave small ventilation holes, putting the breeding bag into a breeding room in a mode of two bags with opposite openings, and culturing the breeding bag for 4 to 7 days in a dry environment at the temperature of 20 to 25 ℃;
step 8, unpacking the cultured germination bacterium blocks with the dense white hypha formed on the surfaces, and then mixing fine sand to make the surfaces of the bacterium blocks be adhered with sand grains;
and 9, putting the small germinating fungus blocks with the adhered sand grains into a breeding bag, putting the breeding bag into an open port of the breeding chamber at intervals of 2cm for breeding for 20 days, covering 2cm of fine sand on the breeding bag after putting, keeping the humidity of the fine sand at 40% -50% during breeding, spraying water for moisturizing when the humidity is too low, and forming a dark brown fungus film on the surfaces of the small germinating fungus blocks after 20 days so as to be used for field planting.
2. The method for improving seed germination rate in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (7) putting the germination bacterium blocks into the breeding bags, wherein the weight of each bag is less than or equal to 2 Kg.
3. The method for improving seed germination rate in gastrodia elata sexual propagation breeding process according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fineness of the fine sand in the step 8 is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1262864A (en) * | 1999-11-27 | 2000-08-16 | 王学宪 | Sexual reproductive breeding method of gastrodia elata |
| CN1473459A (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2004-02-11 | 广水市东晨菌业科技有限公司 | Synchronously cultivating method for rhizoma gastrodiac sexual propagation |
| CN103548562A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 关岭百龙汇生物科技有限公司 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation high-yield cultivation method |
| CN104663404A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-03 | 昭通市林业科学研究所 | Breeding method for gastrodia elata |
| CN105794495A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Armillaria mellea strain symbiotic with rhizoma gastrodiae and application of stain |
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2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201610772675.7A patent/CN107771667B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1262864A (en) * | 1999-11-27 | 2000-08-16 | 王学宪 | Sexual reproductive breeding method of gastrodia elata |
| CN1473459A (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2004-02-11 | 广水市东晨菌业科技有限公司 | Synchronously cultivating method for rhizoma gastrodiac sexual propagation |
| CN103548562A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 关岭百龙汇生物科技有限公司 | Gastrodia elata sexual propagation high-yield cultivation method |
| CN104663404A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-03 | 昭通市林业科学研究所 | Breeding method for gastrodia elata |
| CN105794495A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Armillaria mellea strain symbiotic with rhizoma gastrodiae and application of stain |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 天麻优质高产栽培技术之(三)――天麻的有性繁殖;李世全等;《陕西林业》;20040630(第03期);第41页 * |
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