CN103814953A - Fungal field weed inhibitor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fungal field weed inhibitor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103814953A CN103814953A CN201410011819.8A CN201410011819A CN103814953A CN 103814953 A CN103814953 A CN 103814953A CN 201410011819 A CN201410011819 A CN 201410011819A CN 103814953 A CN103814953 A CN 103814953A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fungal field weed inhibitor which is a soil and sand mixture comprising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and internally comprises strain spores, a root system infected by the fungi and external hyphae. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are glomus mosseae HDSF1; corns and white clover are used as host reproduced glomus mosseae; production of the fungal field weed inhibitor is carried out in the root system of a host plant of the fungal field weed inhibitor. The fungal field weed inhibitor has the characteristics of low labor cost, no generation of side products, no requirement for separating active ingredients, easiness for keeping the aseptic condition, and easiness in the production condition control and the like, has a small application rate and high environmental suitability and has a strong inhibiting effect on five common weeds in the field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor, the preparation method of this fungi type weeds in field inhibitor is provided simultaneously.
Background technology
Weeds are the important component parts in field ecosystem, and being also affects crop growth and cause one of key factor of production declining.Take paddy rice as example, the rice yield causing due to weeds every year declines up to 25%.In China, the weeds in paddy field area of causing harm is 1,500 ten thousand hectares, loses every year 1000 ten thousand tons of paddy, and percent of loss is up to more than 15%.Concrete reason is that rice seedling bed soil contains more weed seed, thereby makes that rice seedling bed weeds kind is many and that density occurs is large, and rice seedling is thin and weak, short and small, leaf is few and tiller less.In order to make rice seedling become the dominant population in this ecosystem, peasant household prevents and kill off weeds by a large amount of use chemical herbicides.And chemical herbicide is expensive and easily cause environmental pollution, species diversity to decline and the problem such as water and soil loss, therefore development environment close friend, sustainable development, can maintain that even to improve the biological weeds inhibitor of crop yield extremely urgent simultaneously.
Traditional mycoherbicide selectivity is strong, often can only remove a kind of weeds.The active component of traditional mycoherbicide is fungal spore in addition, mainly produce by fermentation technique, and fermenting and producing exist labour invest high, easily produce that by product, spore are collected difficulty, germ-free condition keeps difficulty and fermentation condition to lack the problems such as control.In view of its target weeds are single, professional technique requires problem high and that need special equipment to produce, there is certain difficulty applying of rice in China growing area in traditional mycoherbicide.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, just in order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provides a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor.The theoretical foundation that this fungi type weeds in field inhibitor plays a role is that weeds in field is different with the degree of dependence to arbuscular mycorrhiza with the complexity that crop forms arbuscular mycorrhiza.On the one hand, Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae and composite family weeds are that axle is taken root in thing, and this type of plant is difficult to form arbuscular mycorrhiza.To these type of weeds, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can cause damage to it through the root system of weeds, thereby suppresses its growth.On the other hand, grass family and annual bluegrass section weeds can be at its root growth arbuscular mycorrhizas.But to compared with the degree of dependence of arbuscular mycorrhiza, its degree of dependence to arbuscular mycorrhiza of these type of weeds is lower with crop.The existence of crop often can the inhibitory action of induced bundle mycorrhizal fungi to these type of weeds.In the time that weeds, crop and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi exist jointly, the mycelia network of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi will link into an integrated entity between the different plant individuals of formation arbuscular mycorrhiza, and carries out the interchange of material and information by this network.And in matter and energy communication process, the plant (as grass family and annual bluegrass section weeds) low to arbuscular mycorrhiza degree of dependence is often as donor, and the plant high to arbuscular mycorrhiza degree of dependence (crop) is often as acceptor.The final result of this process is to make more resource be dispensed to crop, and less resource is dispensed to weeds, and the growth of weeds is suppressed.
Specifically implement like this: a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor, it is the mixture of soil and sand that contains arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the outer mycelia of the root system that includes bacterial classification spore, infected by this bacterium and root, it is characterized in that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae HDSF1, breeds Glomus mosseae using corn and butch clover as host.The Glomus mosseae HDSF1 adopting is that Heilongjiang University is disclosed in patent 2009100723480, and it is deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, and preserving number is CGMCC No.3012.The butch clover Glomus mosseae spore that time breeding obtains separately as host is few, mycelia is many.The corn Glomus mosseae mycelia that time breeding obtains separately as host is few but spore is many.The two can increase type and the density of Glomus mosseae brood body jointly as host, promote the stability of microbial inoculum and infect success rate.
In addition, can adopt corresponding crop as additional host for the weeds in Different Crop field, breed Glomus mosseae using corn, butch clover and field planting crop as host, to increase microbial inoculum-host's compatibility.
The preparation method of this fungi type weeds in field inhibitor, the steps include:
One, the preparation of culture matrix: take the Nutrition Soil of field soil, sand, vermiculite mixed preparing as arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum matrix, wherein the volume ratio of field soil, sand, vermiculite is 2: 5: 3;
Two, culture matrix sterilizing and the sterilization of basin alms bowl: 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 2h of matrix, soak 30 min with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after Culture basin alms bowl is clean;
Three, host's presprouting of seeds: 75% alcohol-pickled 10 min for corn, butch clover or corn, butch clover and field planting crop seed, 28 ℃ of vernalization, 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
Four, add promoter: every basin alms bowl first packs 6kg matrix in desinfection chamber, every basin is evenly admixed the chitin 10g that pulverizes last afterwards;
Five, inoculation and sowing: distilled water irrigates, and inoculum concentration is 20 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores of each flowerpot, is evenly sprinkled into the seed having germinateed, and covers matrix 1kg;
Six, cultivate: after emerging 1 week, every kind of host of every basin stays seedling 10 strains, and incubation time is 6 weeks;
Seven, room temperature preservation: remove host plant acrial part, reclaim matrix and root system, natural air drying, is positioned over ventilation, cool place, the preservation of dry place.
The method of application of this fungi type weeds in field inhibitor be at seeding time the phase be applied to field, and in whole use procedure, avoid the use of fungicide.
The function bacterium of a kind of fungi type weeds in field of the present invention inhibitor is arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and its spore, mycelia, vesicle and the root segment that contains mycelia have the ability that suppresses weed growth.In addition, the production of this fungi type weeds in field inhibitor is carried out at its host plant root system, be characterized in that labor cost is low, do not produce by product, easily keep and the easily feature such as control of working condition without isolating active composition, germ-free condition, its amount of application is little, environmental suitability is strong, and the five kind weeds common to field have stronger inhibitory action.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the infect situation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the different root systems of plant of rice seedling bed.
Fig. 2 is the degrees of dependence of the different plants of rice seedling bed to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Fig. 3 is the total fresh weight preventive effect of the present invention to rice seedling bed weeds.
Fig. 4 is the density preventive effect of the present invention to rice seedling bed weeds.
Fig. 5 is the single-strain fresh weight preventive effect of the present invention to rice seedling bed weeds.
Embodiment
A kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor, to suppress rice seedling bed weeds as example, it is the mixture of soil and sand that contains arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the outer mycelia of the root system that includes bacterial classification spore, infected by this bacterium and root, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae HDSF1, adopts corn, butch clover and paddy rice three Plants jointly to breed Glomus mosseae as host.Wherein: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae HDSF1, be deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preserving number is CGMCC No.3012.Butch clover seed is purchased from Shenyang side slope vegetation bag factory (telephone number: 024-89150311; Contact address: camellia street, Shujiatun District, Shenyang City).Corn and rice paddy seed are purchased from seed retail department, seeds company of Heilongjiang Province Universities Road (telephone number: 0451-1394814043; Contact address: No. 368, Universities Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province).
Its preparation method is:
One, the preparation of culture matrix: the Nutrition Soil being made up of field soil, sand, vermiculite (volume ratio is 2: 5: 3) is arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum matrix;
Two, culture matrix sterilizing and the sterilization of basin alms bowl: 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 2h of matrix, soak 30 min with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after Culture basin alms bowl is clean;
Three, host's presprouting of seeds: 75% alcohol-pickled 10 min for corn, butch clover and rice paddy seed, 28 ℃ of vernalization, 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
Four, add promoter: every basin alms bowl first packs 6kg matrix in desinfection chamber, every basin is evenly admixed the chitin 10g that pulverizes last afterwards;
Five, inoculation and sowing: distilled water irrigates, and inoculum concentration is 20 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores of each flowerpot, is evenly sprinkled into the seed having germinateed, and covers matrix 1kg;
Six, cultivate: after emerging 1 week, every kind of host of every basin stays seedling 10 strains, and incubation time is 6 weeks;
Seven, room temperature preservation: remove host plant acrial part, reclaim matrix and root system, natural air drying, as original arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum, is positioned over ventilation, cool place, the preservation of dry place.
Application process: apply the processing of above-mentioned fungi type weeds in field inhibitor and do not apply two settings of this weeds inhibitor.Each 3 repetitions are set, each repetition is 6 seedling-cultivation plates, respectively processes minizone every 50cm, the fragment of brick isolation of parcel plastic film for the surrounding of community.First seedling-cultivation plate floppy disk (sub-disk) is placed on to hard disk (stamper) inner, lets slip afterwards seedling bed after sieve with native in floppy disk, and strike off with plank, thickness is 2.5cm.Every seedling-cultivation plate is evenly admixed a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor 250g.On seedling bed, spray water 2 times with watering can afterwards, guarantee completely drenched.Weigh 40g germination rate and reach more than 95% rice paddy seed 40g, be sprinkled into equably in each dish, three faces are buried, last seedling bed earthing 0.5cm.Sow by normal step afterwards and the management of seedling bed.In management process, to avoid the use of bactericide.Within 6 weeks, " Invest, Then Investigate " difference arranges the effect to five kinds of seedling bed weeds.
As shown in Figure 1, five kinds of weeds are different with the complexity that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi forms symbiotic structure for testing result.Wherein lady's-grass the most easily forms arbuscular mycorrhiza structure, and oak-leaved goosefeet, recessed amaranth and Eclipta prostrata are difficult for forming arbuscular mycorrhiza structure, and barnyard grass is similar with the ability that paddy rice forms mycorhiza; Fig. 2 shows in the rice seedling bed ecosystem, and barnyard grass, recessed amaranth, lady's-grass and oak-leaved goosefeet are negative value to the degree of dependence of arbuscular mycorrhiza, i.e. the existence of arbuscular mycorrhiza is unfavorable for the growth of these weeds; Fig. 3 shows that a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor has fresh weight preventive effect to five kinds of rice seedling bed weeds, and it puts in order as oak-leaved goosefeet > recessed amaranth ≈ barnyard grass > lady's-grass > Eclipta prostrata from high to low to five kinds of weeds fresh weight preventive effects; Fig. 4 shows that a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor can alleviate the competition to space between weeds and paddy rice and realize by reducing weed density the object of weeding; Fig. 5 shows that a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor can realize the object that suppresses weed growth by reducing weeds Individual Sizes.
Therefore, the fungi type weeds in field inhibitor of the present embodiment, is suppressing on rice seedling bed weeds, has reduced the consumption of chemical herbicide during rice seedling is produced, and has reduced the production cost of rice seedling, has alleviated the negative effect that environment is caused simultaneously.In addition, this weeds in field inhibitor belongs to environmentally friendly fungi preparation, and amount of application is little, good environmental adaptability.In five kinds of weeds of investigation, oak-leaved goosefeet, recessed amaranth and Eclipta prostrata are that axle is taken root in thing (main root plant), and Core Feature bacterium is difficult for forming mycorhiza structure at its root, but it can and cause damage through root system, thereby suppress its growth.And lady's-grass the same with paddy rice with barnyard grass be all fibrous root plant, can be at its root growth arbuscular mycorrhiza.But to compared with the degree of dependence of arbuscular mycorrhiza, lady's-grass and barnyard grass are lower to the degree of dependence of arbuscular mycorrhiza with paddy rice.Between lady's-grass, barnyard grass and paddy rice three Plants Different Individual, will link into an integrated entity by the mycelia network of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and carry out the interchange of material and information by this network.In this course, the low lady's-grass of arbuscular mycorrhiza degree of dependence and barnyard grass have been obtained to less resource and suppressed.The have good inhibition of a kind of fungi type weeds in field of the present invention inhibitor to the common barnyard grass of the north (Heilongjiang Province's Shuangcheng City) rice seedling bed, recessed amaranth, Eclipta prostrata, lady's-grass and oak-leaved goosefeet, is conducive to this fungi type weeds in field inhibitor and promotes the use of on a large scale.
Claims (4)
1. a fungi type weeds in field inhibitor, it is the mixture of soil and sand that contains arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the outer mycelia of the root system that includes bacterial classification spore, infected by this bacterium and root, is characterized in that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is Glomus mosseae HDSF1, breeds Glomus mosseae using corn and butch clover as host.
2. a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting corresponding crop as additional host for the weeds in Different Crop field, breed Glomus mosseae using corn, butch clover and field planting crop as host.
3. a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor according to claim 2, is characterized in that breeding Glomus mosseae using corn, butch clover and paddy rice as host.
4. the preparation method of a kind of fungi type weeds in field inhibitor described in one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that step is:
One, the preparation of culture matrix: take the Nutrition Soil of field soil, sand, vermiculite mixed preparing as arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum matrix, wherein the volume ratio of field soil, sand, vermiculite is 2: 5: 3;
Two, culture matrix sterilizing and the sterilization of basin alms bowl: 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 2h of matrix, soak 30 min with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate after Culture basin alms bowl is clean;
Three, host's presprouting of seeds: 75% alcohol-pickled 10 min for corn, butch clover or corn, butch clover and field planting crop seed, 28 ℃ of vernalization, 70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
Four, add promoter: every basin alms bowl first packs 6kg matrix in desinfection chamber, every basin is evenly admixed the chitin 10g that pulverizes last afterwards;
Five, inoculation and sowing: distilled water irrigates, and inoculum concentration is 20 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores of each flowerpot, is evenly sprinkled into the seed having germinateed, and covers matrix 1kg;
Six, cultivate: after emerging 1 week, every kind of host of every basin stays seedling 10 strains, and incubation time is 6 weeks;
Seven, room temperature preservation: remove host plant acrial part, reclaim matrix and root system, natural air drying, is positioned over ventilation, cool place, the preservation of dry place.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104186088A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 华侨大学 | Method for improving quality of fruits of citrus |
| CN105420125A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 保定学院 | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant |
| CN105746320A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学宜兴环保研究院 | Method for improving resistance of canna generalis to atrazine |
| CN105858895A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for degrading pollutants in water by mycorrhiza-strengthened canna glauca |
| CN110607346A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-24 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | Identification method and application of pathogenic bacteria of weedy rice |
| CN111084196A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Method for promoting weed to absorb herbicide |
| CN111436461A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-24 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Biological herbicide |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN104186088A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 华侨大学 | Method for improving quality of fruits of citrus |
| CN104186088B (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-02-24 | 华侨大学 | A kind of method improving citrusfruit quality |
| CN105420125A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 保定学院 | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculant |
| CN105420125B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-01-01 | 保定学院 | A kind of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation |
| CN105746320A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学宜兴环保研究院 | Method for improving resistance of canna generalis to atrazine |
| CN105858895A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for degrading pollutants in water by mycorrhiza-strengthened canna glauca |
| CN110607346A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-24 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | Identification method and application of pathogenic bacteria of weedy rice |
| CN111084196A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Method for promoting weed to absorb herbicide |
| CN111084196B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | Method for promoting weed to absorb herbicide |
| CN111436461A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-24 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Biological herbicide |
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Application publication date: 20140528 |