CN105199995B - One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping and application process - Google Patents
One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping and application process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to microbial manure field, in order to solve the problems, such as it is existing overcome all multi-methods used by continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon to there is respective defect, a kind of special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping and its application process are provided.By bacillus laterosporus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus circulans, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums, tree-shaped microbacterium, D-lactic acid bacillus, Trichoderma harzianum, trichoderma asperellum, consor trichoderma, Paecilomyces lilacinus, syringin streptomycete、Gordonia bronchialis、Tomb village Salmonella, Kang Naisishi bacillus certain proportions are mixed with.Ensure quality of watermelon safety and the no pollution to environment, reduce the production cost of peasant, ensures agricultural product quality and safety, preserve the ecological environment.Continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon effectively is abolished, produces the high watermelon of real green non-pollution, pure in mouth feel, sugariness.To the production of development watermelon, increases melon grower's income, guarantee consumer health, reduces environmental pollution and agricultural sustainable development is maintained to be of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial manure fields, and in particular to one kind overcome the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping and
Its application process.
Background technology
Watermelon is important garden crop in the world, is important a member in ten big fruit, especially in summer fruit
Occupy status very outstanding.China is maximum watermelon producing country in the world, accounts for the world west production gross area and total output
45% or more.
Watermelon is because cultivation period is short, high financial profit, and by long-term continuous cropping.On the one hand continuous cropping causes watermelon rhizosphere soil to be managed
Changing property, great changes will take place.Such as：The content of material such as ferulic acid, P-hydroxybenzoic acid increase, these preceding stubble secretion he feel work
With apparent, the growth of rear stubble watermelon is influenced；Another aspect continuous cropping makes melon patch pathogen increase, and produces serious continuous cropping barrier
Hinder, continuous cropping watermelon be easy to morbidity, especially droop usually bloom bear fruit after break out, cause the watermelon underproduction and quality decline
General field production loss is in 20-30%, serious reachable 50-70%, or even total crop failure throughout the year.Watermelon blight belongs to soil-borne disease
Evil, generally falls ill since root system, and basic reason is that dullness plants a kind of crop for many years, leads to that soil nutrient is unbalance, pathogenic bacteria
Cumulative cause.
Continuous cropping obstacle has become the Main Factors of limitation watermelon growing and production, influences melon grower and increases income with people to watermelon
Consumption.Simultaneously because continuous cropping watermelon is easy morbidity, melon grower often largely uses chemical pesticide diseases prevention, causes pesticide in melon and fruit residual
It stays, directly affects consumer's health.A large amount of pollution by pesticides environment remained in the soil destroy soil property, affect agricultural
Sustainable development.
In order to overcome continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, people to use many methods.Be most widely used be pesticide disinfection with
Graft technology.As patent CN93103969.X carries out soil disinfection using " shuang xiao ling " and carbendazim；Graft technology mainly selects calabash
Reed or pumpkin carry out changing root as stock, but graft and can generate certain influence to the mouthfeel of watermelon and quality.
Application No. is：201210003692.6 patent of invention disclose a kind of side preventing protecting field continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon
Method, this method are irrigated protecting field watermelon, pouring root after diluting photosynthetic bacteria culture solution.This method can improve protecting field
The ability in disease-resistant, pest-resistant, the degeneration-resistant border of watermelon inhibits and reduces various soil-borne diseases generations, promotes the life of protecting field watermelon health
It is long, improve yield；Pesticide, fertilizer residue and the other poisonous and harmful substances that can be degraded in soil and plant（It is hydrogen sulfide, organic
Amine, chlorobenzene class）, ensure agricultural product security；Watermelon plant rhizosphere nitrogenase activity can be improved, by the carbon sequestration of its own, admittedly
Nitrogen acts on, and is effectively increased soil with organic matter content, saves fertilizer amount.Raw material sources of the present invention are wide, cheap, thoroughly solve
The problem of protecting field cultivating watermelon of having determined is unable to continuous cropping, and any harmful substance will not be caused to remain, it is produced for nuisanceless watermelon
Effective technical guarantee is provided.
Invention content
The present invention is in order to solve existing all multi-methods used by continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon to be overcome to there is asking for respective defect
Topic, provides one kind and overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping and its application process.
Technical scheme is as follows：One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping, by bacterium, fungi,
Actinomyces are 25%-35% by weight:20%-30%:35%-55% is uniformly mixed and is made；Wherein bacterium is：Bacillus laterosporus
（Bacillus laterosporus）, bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, cyclic annular gemma bar
Bacterium（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）, tree-shaped microbacterium
（Tree Microbacterium sp.）, D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus) is by weight 1：
2：1：1：2：1 is uniformly mixed；Fungi is：Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）, trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma asperellum）, consor trichoderma（Trichoderma fasciculatumBissett）, Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）By weight 2：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；Actinomyces are：Syringin streptomycete
（Streptomycessyringini）、Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)、Tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.), health
How Si Shi bacillus(Conexibacter sp.)By weight 1：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；It is described to overcome the special micro- life of watermelon continuous cropping
In state composite bacteria agent, effective active bacterium number amount >=4*10 of bacterium9Cfu/g, bacteria containing amount >=6*10 of fungi8Cfu/g, actinomyces
Effective active bacterium number amount >=108cfu/g；Bacterium, fungi and total bacteria containing amount >=10 of actinomyces9cfu/g。
The strain is commercially available, and specification meets national sector standard.Bacterial groups culture medium is conventional ox
Meat extract peptone culture medium, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 25-30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time 36-48
Hour, bacteria containing amount is higher than 4*109cfu/g.Mycophyta colony culture medium is conventional PDA culture medium, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation
Third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time are 36-48 hours, and bacteria containing amount is higher than 6*108cfu/g.Actinomyces monoid
Culture medium is routine Gao Shi culture mediums, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time
It it is 48-60 hours, bacteria containing amount is higher than 108cfu/g.Above-mentioned strain liquid fermented and cultured obtains each bacteria culture fluid, by centrifuging,
Freeze-drying, with precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite by weight for 1:The mixture of 20 mixing is appendix agent, appendix agent and freezing
Dry thalline is by weight 1：100 are mixed to prepare solid product, and control bacteria containing amount is more than 109cfu/g。
Using a kind of above-mentioned method for overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to handle continuous cropping watermelon field, including such as
Lower step：
（1）The preparation of micro-ecological complex bacterial agent：Bacterium is cultivated respectively with conventional beef-protein medium, by inclined-plane,
Seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 25-30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time are 36-48 hours；The conventional PDA culture medium of fungi
It cultivates respectively, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time is 36-48 hours；It puts
Line bacterium is cultivated respectively with routine Gao Shi culture mediums, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, training
It is 48-60 hours to support the time；Cultured microorganism fungus kind is mixed in proportion, control bacteria containing amount is more than 109Cfu/g, it is described
Bacterium, fungi and actinomyces carry out the culture solution of liquid state fermentation acquisition respectively, 4 DEG C, 12000rpm/min centrifuge 10-15min ,-
Precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite are 1 by weight by 20 DEG C, 1-1.5h freeze-dryings：20 are mixed to form appendix agent, by appendix agent
Thalline with freeze-drying is according to weight ratio 1：100, which are mixed to prepare solid, overcomes the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping；
（2）It is mixed with farm manure and does base fertilizer application watermelon field：Cow dung：Chicken manure：Sheep manure is 2 according to weight ratio：1：1 mixing system
At farm manure, by step（1）The solid of preparation overcomes the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to add by the 1% of farm manure weight
Enter in farm manure, be uniformly mixed and biological organic fertilizer is made, biological organic fertilizer is applied watermelon field by 1000kg/ mus makees base fertilizer；
（3）It transplants seedlings：Rotary tillage post-trenching, 0.3-0.5 meters of furrow width is 0.2-0.3 meters deep, 3.0-3.5 meters of ditch spacing, watering in ditch
Overlay film afterwards transplants watermelon seedling on the 2-3 days both sides Hou Gou films.
It is as follows that micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of the present invention abolishes continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon principle：
Antagonism pathogen：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）Secrete antibacterial peptide isoreactivity
Secondary metabolite, the cell membrane that the pathogens such as the honest and clean spore bacterium of pathogen sharp knife of watermelon blight can be changed in these antibacterial peptides are saturating
Property, efficient antagonism pathogen.Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）With trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma
asperellum）Energy secretase and antibiotic agents, decompose the cell wall of disease fungus, keep pathogen dead；And it grows
Rapidly, the site on plant surface can be seized, a protective cover is formed, disease fungus is prevented to touch root system of plant.Syringin
Streptomycete（Streptomyces syringini）With Kang Naisishi bacillus (Conexibacter sp.) can generate streptomysin with
Polysaccharide antibiotic effectively inhibits the growth and breeding of pathogenic bacteria.
Kill pest：Watermelon growing process subterranean pest-insect is more, mainly there is nematode, red spider, black cutworm etc..Consor wood
It is mould（Trichoderma fasciculatum Bissett）With Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）It is this
The Important Natural Enemy of a little garden pests, can parasitize ovum, can also infect larva and female adult, can substantially reduced continuous cropping watermelon disease
Worm endangers.
Stubble root exudates before decomposing：Contain ferulic acid, salicylic acid, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, neighbour in watermelon root exudates
The substances such as phthalic acid, these acids change the physicochemical property of soil, and allelopathy is strong, seriously affect rear stubble watermelon life
It is long.Bacillus circulans（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）、
D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus) and tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.)Equal microorganisms
Monoid, decomposable asymmetric choice net utilize these preceding stubble root exudates, further reaction generate salt, ester, acyl chlorides, amide, the plants such as acid anhydrides and
Other available precursor substances of microorganism, stubble influences before eliminating.
Promote watermelon plant strain growth：Bacillus laterosporus（Bacillus laterosporus）The enzyme of secretion can promote
The growth of watermelon root system especially adventitious root, enhances the absorbability of plant.Tree-shaped microbacterium（Tree Microbacterium sp.）The mineral elements such as phosphorus potassium of indissoluble in decomposable asymmetric choice net soil promote the absorption to mineral element.Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)Nitrogen fixing capacity is stronger, can utilize a series of organic or inorganic nitrogen sources, including N2, urea, amino acid etc. plant can be promoted to give birth to
It is long.
The present invention obtains the optimum formula of the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping by repeatedly practice and summary of experience
And proportioning, the various microorganism groups in microbial inoculum be combined mutually promote, ratio is appropriate, mutually strong without antagonism, colonization ability, from
It fundamentally solves the problems, such as continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon and occurs various.Do not have to any pesticide in processing procedure, have to any chemical drugs
Agent, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free, noresidue.Ensure quality of watermelon safety and the no pollution to environment, reduces being produced into for peasant
This, ensures agricultural product quality and safety, preserves the ecological environment.Effectively abolish continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, produce real green non-pollution,
The high watermelon of pure in mouth feel, sugariness.To the production of development watermelon, increase melon grower income, guarantee consumer health, reduce environmental pollution
It is of great significance with maintenance agricultural sustainable development.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further elaborated with reference to embodiments, but is not used to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping, it is characterised in that：By bacterium, fungi, put
Line bacterium is 25% by weight:20%:55% be uniformly mixed be made；Wherein bacterium is：Bacillus laterosporus（Bacillus laterosporus）, bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, Bacillus circulans
（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）, tree-shaped microbacterium（Tree Microbacterium sp.）, D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus) is by weight 1：2：1：1：
2：1 is uniformly mixed；Fungi is：Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）, trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma asperellum）, consor trichoderma（Trichoderma fasciculatumBissett）, Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）By weight 2：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；Actinomyces are：Syringin streptomycete
（Streptomycessyringini）、Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)、Tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.), health
How Si Shi bacillus(Conexibacter sp.)By weight 1：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；It is described to overcome the special micro- life of watermelon continuous cropping
In state composite bacteria agent, effective active bacterium number amount >=4*10 of bacterium9Cfu/g, bacteria containing amount >=6*10 of fungi8Cfu/g, actinomyces
Effective active bacterium number amount >=108cfu/g；Bacterium, fungi and total bacteria containing amount >=10 of actinomyces9cfu/g。
The strain is commercially available, and specification meets national sector standard.Bacterial groups culture medium is beef extract
Peptone culture medium, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 25-30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time is that 36-48 is small
When, bacteria containing amount is higher than 4*109cfu/g.Mycophyta colony culture medium is PDA culture medium, is trained by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation three-level
It supports, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time is 36-48 hours, and bacteria containing amount is higher than 6*108cfu/g.Actinomycetes colony culture medium
For Gao Shi culture mediums, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time is that 48-60 is small
When, bacteria containing amount is higher than 108cfu/g.Above-mentioned strain liquid fermented and cultured obtains each bacteria culture fluid, by centrifuging, being freeze-dried,
With precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite by weight for 1:The mixture of 20 mixing is appendix agent, the thalline of appendix agent and freeze-drying
By weight 1：100 are mixed to prepare solid product, and control bacteria containing amount is more than 109cfu/g。
Using a kind of upper method for overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to handle continuous cropping watermelon field, including it is as follows
Step：
（1）The preparation of micro-ecological complex bacterial agent：Bacterium is cultivated respectively with conventional beef-protein medium, by inclined-plane,
Seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 25-30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time are 36-48 hours；The conventional PDA culture medium of fungi
It cultivates respectively, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time is 36-48 hours；It puts
Line bacterium is cultivated respectively with routine Gao Shi culture mediums, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, training
It is 48-60 hours to support the time；Cultured microorganism fungus kind is mixed in proportion, control bacteria containing amount is more than 109Cfu/g, it is described
Bacterium, fungi and actinomyces carry out the culture solution of liquid state fermentation acquisition respectively, 4 DEG C, 12000rpm/min centrifuge 15min, -20
DEG C, 1.5h freeze-dryings, by precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite by weight being 1：20 are mixed to form appendix agent, by appendix agent with it is cold
Dry thalline is lyophilized according to weight ratio 1：100, which are mixed to prepare solid, overcomes the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping；
（2）It is mixed with farm manure and does base fertilizer application watermelon field：Cow dung：Chicken manure：Sheep manure is 2 according to weight ratio：1：1 mixing system
At farm manure, by step（1）The solid of preparation overcomes the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to add by the 1% of farm manure weight
Enter in farm manure, be uniformly mixed and biological organic fertilizer is made, biological organic fertilizer is applied watermelon field by 1000kg/ mus makees base fertilizer；
（3）It transplants seedlings：Rotary tillage post-trenching, 0.5 meter of furrow width is 0.2 meter deep, 3.5 meters of ditch spacing, overlay film after watering in ditch, 2-3 days
Watermelon seedling is transplanted on the film of the both sides Hou Gou, planting density is 700 seedlings/mu.
Embodiment 2：One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping, it is characterised in that：By bacterium, fungi, put
Line bacterium is 30% by weight:20%:50% be uniformly mixed be made；Wherein bacterium is：Bacillus laterosporus（Bacillus laterosporus）, bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, Bacillus circulans
（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）, tree-shaped microbacterium（Tree Microbacterium sp.）, D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus) is by weight 1：2：1：1：
2：1 is uniformly mixed；Fungi is：Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）, trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma asperellum）, consor trichoderma（Trichoderma fasciculatumBissett）, Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）By weight 2：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；Actinomyces are：Syringin streptomycete
（Streptomycessyringini）、Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)、Tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.), health
How Si Shi bacillus(Conexibacter sp.)By weight 1：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；It is described to overcome the special micro- life of watermelon continuous cropping
In state composite bacteria agent, effective active bacterium number amount >=4*10 of bacterium9Cfu/g, bacteria containing amount >=6*10 of fungi8Cfu/g, actinomyces
Effective active bacterium number amount >=108cfu/g；Bacterium, fungi and total bacteria containing amount >=10 of actinomyces9cfu/g。
Using a kind of above-mentioned method for overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to handle continuous cropping watermelon field, including such as
Lower step：（1）The bacterium, fungi and actinomyces carry out the culture solution of liquid state fermentation acquisition, 4 DEG C, 12000rpm/min respectively
10min is centrifuged, precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite are 1 by weight by -20 DEG C, 1.0h freeze-dryings：20 are mixed to form appendix
Agent, by the thalline of appendix agent and freeze-drying according to weight ratio 1：100, which are mixed to prepare solid, overcomes the special Tiny ecosystem of watermelon continuous cropping
Composite bacteria agent；（3）It transplants seedlings：Rotary tillage post-trenching, 0.4 meter of furrow width is 0.25 meter deep, 3.2 meters of ditch spacing, overlay film after watering in ditch, 2-3
Watermelon seedling is transplanted on its both sides Hou Gou film, planting density is 690 seedlings/mu.Remaining step is the same as step described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3：One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping, it is characterised in that：By bacterium, fungi, put
Line bacterium is 35% by weight:30%:35% be uniformly mixed be made；Wherein bacterium is：Bacillus laterosporus（Bacillus laterosporus）, bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, Bacillus circulans
（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）, tree-shaped microbacterium（Tree Microbacterium sp.）, D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus) is by weight 1：2：1：1：
2：1 is uniformly mixed；Fungi is：Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）, trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma asperellum）, consor trichoderma（Trichoderma fasciculatumBissett）, Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）By weight 2：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；Actinomyces are：Syringin streptomycete
（Streptomycessyringini）、Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)、Tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.), health
How Si Shi bacillus(Conexibacter sp.)By weight 1：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；It is described to overcome the special micro- life of watermelon continuous cropping
In state composite bacteria agent, effective active bacterium number amount >=4*10 of bacterium9Cfu/g, bacteria containing amount >=6*10 of fungi8Cfu/g, actinomyces
Effective active bacterium number amount >=108cfu/g；Bacterium, fungi and total bacteria containing amount >=10 of actinomyces9cfu/g。
Using a kind of above-mentioned method for overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to handle continuous cropping watermelon field, including such as
Lower step：（1）The bacterium, fungi and actinomyces carry out the culture solution of liquid state fermentation acquisition, 4 DEG C, 12000rpm/min respectively
12min is centrifuged, precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite are 1 by weight by -20 DEG C, 1.3h freeze-dryings：20 are mixed to form appendix
Agent, by the thalline of appendix agent and freeze-drying according to weight ratio 1：100, which are mixed to prepare solid, overcomes the special Tiny ecosystem of watermelon continuous cropping
Composite bacteria agent；（3）It transplants seedlings：Rotary tillage post-trenching, 0.3 meter of furrow width is 0.3 meter deep, 3.0 meters of ditch spacing, overlay film after watering in ditch, 2-3
Watermelon seedling is transplanted on its both sides Hou Gou film, planting density is 710 seedlings/mu.Remaining step is the same as step described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4：One kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping, it is characterised in that：By bacterium, fungi, put
Line bacterium is 35% by weight:25%:40% be uniformly mixed be made；Wherein bacterium is：Bacillus laterosporus（Bacillus laterosporus）, bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, Bacillus circulans
（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）, tree-shaped microbacterium（Tree Microbacterium sp.）, D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus) is by weight 1：2：1：1：
2：1 is uniformly mixed；Fungi is：Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）, trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma asperellum）, consor trichoderma（Trichoderma fasciculatumBissett）, Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）By weight 2：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；Actinomyces are：Syringin streptomycete
（Streptomycessyringini）、Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)、Tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.), health
How Si Shi bacillus(Conexibacter sp.)By weight 1：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；It is described to overcome the special micro- life of watermelon continuous cropping
In state composite bacteria agent, effective active bacterium number amount >=4*10 of bacterium9Cfu/g, bacteria containing amount >=6*10 of fungi8Cfu/g, actinomyces
Effective active bacterium number amount >=108cfu/g；Bacterium, fungi and total bacteria containing amount >=10 of actinomyces9cfu/g。
Using a kind of above-mentioned method for overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to handle continuous cropping watermelon field, including such as
Lower step：（1）The bacterium, fungi and actinomyces carry out the culture solution of liquid state fermentation acquisition, 4 DEG C, 12000rpm/min respectively
14min is centrifuged, precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite are 1 by weight by -20 DEG C, 1.2h freeze-dryings：20 are mixed to form appendix
Agent, by the thalline of appendix agent and freeze-drying according to weight ratio 1：100, which are mixed to prepare solid, overcomes the special Tiny ecosystem of watermelon continuous cropping
Composite bacteria agent；（3）It transplants seedlings：Rotary tillage post-trenching, 0.3 meter of furrow width is 0.22 meter deep, 3.4 meters of ditch spacing, overlay film after watering in ditch, 2-3
Watermelon seedling is transplanted on its both sides Hou Gou film, planting density is 705 seedlings/mu.Remaining step is the same as step described in embodiment 1.
Experimental example 1：Watermelon root rhizosphere secreta detects
The watermelon seed for choosing full seed, with 10% hydrogen peroxide surface sterilization 5min, 55 DEG C of hot water treatments 30 minutes are to swash
Seed vitality is sent out, is impregnated 8 hours at ambient temperature, is subsequently placed at 30 DEG C and keeps the temperature vernalization.After seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, germination is chosen
The consistent seed of degree is sown into quartz sand, and the nutrition for including 2 years watermelon soil of continuous cropping is transplanted to after seedling grows 2 true leaves
In alms bowl.After testing, 0.105 ug/g of ferulic acid in soil, 0.098 ug/g of salicylic acid, 0.193 ug/g of P-hydroxybenzoic acid,
0.876 ug/g of phthalic acid.
Experiment divides control group（ck1）With processing group（T1）, every group of 3 repetitions, each to repeat 20 plants, wherein processing group is preceding
The solid in nutritive cube prepared by the present invention of the soil weight than 1% is added when watering twice and overcomes the special Tiny ecosystem of watermelon continuous cropping
Composite bacteria agent.Rhizosphere soil 10g in nutritive cube is collected in watermelon florescence, is put into resuspension in 200ml deionized waters, is added dropwise micro-
Decomposition of the concentrated phosphoric acid with preventing microorganism to secretion is measured, is filtered at a slow speed using Buchner funnel, it is spare to preserve filtrate.
Ferulic acid, salicylic acid, P-hydroxybenzoic acid, phthalic acid to analyze pure standard are to compare standard items, are used
Agilentl200 type high performance liquid chromatographs carry out chromatography and detect watermelon root rhizosphere secreta.Chromatographic column:Mono- C of XDB18Column
(4.6mm*250mm)；40 DEG C of column temperature；Filtrate sample size 20uL, 280nm ultraviolet detection control group contains with test group root exudates
Amount, 5% level of signifiance observe difference.As a result such as table 1.
| Test group | ck1 | T1 |
| Ferulic acid（ug/g） | 0.136±0.006a | 0.047±0.005b |
| Salicylic acid（ug/g） | 1.174±0.014a | 0.352±0.027b |
| P-hydroxybenzoic acid（ug/g） | 0.258±0.007a | 0.196±0.004b |
| Phthalic acid（ug/g） | 0.914±0.011a | 0.485±0.026b |
As shown in Table 1, using compound microecological microbial inoculum handle after, in rhizosphere soil watermelon root exudates content with compare
Apparent, the significant difference compared to declining.
Control group and test group watermelon plant fresh weight are measured in watermelon florescence, as a result such as table 2.
| Test group | Mean fresh (g) | 5% level of signifiance |
| ck1 | 37.92±3.24 | a |
| T1 | 45.55±5.71 | b |
As shown in Table 2, after being handled using compound microecological microbial inoculum, due to the degradation of preceding stubble root exudates, allelopathy
It releases, processing group watermelon mean fresh is higher by 20% than control group, obvious processing effect.
Experimental example 2：The morbidity detection of watermelon crop field, determination of yield
The watermelon seed for choosing full seed, with 10% hydrogen peroxide surface sterilization 5min, 55 DEG C of hot water treatments 30 minutes are to swash
Seed vitality is sent out, is impregnated 8 hours at ambient temperature, is subsequently placed at 30 DEG C and keeps the temperature vernalization.After seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, germination is chosen
The consistent seed of degree is sown into quartz sand, and big Tanaka is transplanted to after seedling grows 2 true leaves.
The watermelon field tested in continuous cropping 2 years carries out, and divides control group（ck2）With processing group（T2）, every group of 3 repetitions, each
0.5 mu is repeated, 700 seedlings of planting density/mu.Wherein control group is that continuous cropping melon patch does not apply any drug, and processing group uses this hair
Bright prepared solid overcomes the continuous cropping melon patch of the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent processing of watermelon continuous cropping.Investigate control group and processing group
The incidence of the most common disease droop of watermelon continuous cropping simultaneously monitors yield.Incidence=morbidity strain number/processing total strain number *
100%.As a result such as table 3.
| Test group | Morbidity strain number | Incidence | Average yield per mu (kg) |
| ck2 | 474 | 45.1% | 2380±16 a |
| T2 | 28 | 2.7% | 3451±23 b |
As shown in Table 3, processing group is obviously improved compared to control group incidence, and incidence reduces by 42.4%；Processing group mu
Production is significantly higher than control group, and volume increase reaches 1071kg, and 5% level of signifiance difference is apparent.Illustrate to overcome watermelon using provided by the invention
Continuous cropping special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent processing continuous cropping melon patch obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (2)
1. one kind overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping, it is characterised in that：By bacterium, fungi, actinomyces, by weight
Than for 25%-35%:20%-30%:35%-55% is uniformly mixed and is made；Wherein bacterium is：Bacillus laterosporus（Bacillus laterosporus）, bacillus amyloliquefaciens（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, Bacillus circulans
（Bacilluscirculans）, Xie Shi Propionibacteriums（Propionibacterium shermanil）, tree-shaped microbacterium（Tree Microbacterium sp.）, D-lactic acid bacillus (Bacillus laevolacticus), by weight 1：2：1：1：
2：1 is uniformly mixed；Fungi is：Trichoderma harzianum（Trichoderma harzianum）, trichoderma asperellum（Trichoderma asperellum）, consor trichoderma（Trichoderma fasciculatumBissett）, Paecilomyces lilacinus（Paecilomyces lilacinus）, by weight 2：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；Actinomyces are：Syringin streptomycete
（Streptomycessyringini）、Gordonia bronchialis (Gordonia sp.)、Tomb village Salmonella(Tsukamurella sp.), health
How Si Shi bacillus(Conexibacter sp.),By weight 1：1：1：1 is uniformly mixed；It is described to overcome the special micro- life of watermelon continuous cropping
In state composite bacteria agent, effective active bacterium number amount >=4 × 10 of bacterium9Cfu/g, bacteria containing amount >=6 × 10 of fungi8Cfu/g, unwrapping wire
Effective active bacterium number amount >=10 of bacterium8cfu/g；Bacterium, fungi and total bacteria containing amount >=10 of actinomyces9cfu/g。
2. utilizing a kind of side for overcoming the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping to handle continuous cropping watermelon field described in claim 1
Method includes the following steps：
（1）The preparation of micro-ecological complex bacterial agent：Bacterium is cultivated respectively with conventional beef-protein medium, by inclined-plane, seed,
Liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 25-30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time are 36-48 hours；Fungi is distinguished with conventional PDA culture medium
Culture, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, incubation time is 36-48 hours；Actinomyces
It is cultivated respectively with conventional Gao Shi culture mediums, by inclined-plane, seed, liquid state fermentation third stage culture, 28-32 DEG C of cultivation temperature, when culture
Between be 48-60 hours；Cultured microorganism fungus kind is mixed in proportion, control bacteria containing amount is more than 109Cfu/g, the bacterium,
Fungi and actinomyces carry out the culture solution of liquid state fermentation acquisition, 4 DEG C, 12000rpm/min centrifugations 15min, -20 DEG C, 1.5h respectively
Precipitated calcium carbonate and bentonite are 1 by weight by freeze-drying：20 are mixed to form appendix agent, by appendix agent and freeze-drying
Thalline according to weight ratio 1：100, which are mixed to prepare solid, overcomes the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of watermelon continuous cropping；
（2）It is mixed with farm manure and does base fertilizer application watermelon field：Cow dung：Chicken manure：Sheep manure is 2 according to weight ratio：1：1 is mixed and made into agriculture
Family's fertilizer, by step（1）Farm manure is added by the 1% of farm manure weight in the special micro-ecological complex bacterial agent of solid watermelon continuous cropping of preparation
In, it is uniformly mixed and biological organic fertilizer is made, biological organic fertilizer is applied watermelon field by 1000kg/ mus makees base fertilizer；
（3）It transplants seedlings：Rotary tillage post-trenching, 0.3-0.5 meters of furrow width is 0.2-0.3 meters deep, 3.0-3.5 meters of ditch spacing, is covered after watering in ditch
Film transplants watermelon seedling on the 2-3 days both sides Hou Gou films.
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| CN105859347B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2019-05-03 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of radix pseudostellariae Special compound microbial fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105794860A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-27 | 山东省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 | Microbial agent for controlling quarantine fungus diseases of apples and promoting yield increase |
| CN106588440A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-26 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | Special biological organic fertilizer for cucumis sativus linn succession cropping and preparation method of biological organic fertilizer |
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