CN109258362A - A kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae - Google Patents
A kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae Download PDFInfo
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- CN109258362A CN109258362A CN201811004748.3A CN201811004748A CN109258362A CN 109258362 A CN109258362 A CN 109258362A CN 201811004748 A CN201811004748 A CN 201811004748A CN 109258362 A CN109258362 A CN 109258362A
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- rhizoma gastrodiae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
A kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae, comprising the following steps: the flat sand ground of A, selection topography；B, arched shed is built according to operating space needed for plantation, selected sand ground button canopy is kept the temperature spare；C, select the willow rafter that diameter is 5cm~10cm as bacterium material, when use is saturating with water-wet；D, it selects arrow fiber crops as kind of a fiber crops, mature single generation seeds of Gastrodia elata is cultivated by indoor plantation and through artificial pollination；It selects Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain as Germination Strain, turns out Germination Strain cultivar through expansion is numerous；It selects close ring mushroom entity separation to expand numerous culture and obtains close ring bacterium three-class strain, produce kind as close ring bacterium；E, it dresses seed；F, it sows；G, control sandy soil temperature harvests fiber crops kind at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, before frozen ground and saves.The present invention solves traditional Rhizoma Gastrodiae and plants that big existing sowing quantity, kind sexual involution, yield decline, provenance lacks, breeding coefficient is low, the outstanding problems such as at high cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rhizoma Gastrodiae field of planting, and in particular to a kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Background technique
Rhizoma Gastrodiae original name is known as " wind grass " in Compendium of Material Medica, is a kind of Chinese medicine of preciousness, with stem tuber " rhizoma gastrodiae "
Be used as medicine, mild-natured, existing wind-dispelling antispastic sweet in flavor, analgesic refreshes oneself, QI invigorating nourishing the liver, the effect of reducing blood pressure, and can cure stupor infantile convulsion,
The diseases such as facial paralysis, neurasthenia, extremity numbness, child convulsion are the dual-purpose first-class good merchantable brands of herbal cuisine.
Gastrodia orchid family is perennial saprophytic straight blue herbaceous plant, and complete stool is free of chlorophyll without greenery, whole also without root system
A growth link does not need illumination, does not absorb nutrient in the soil yet, as long as meeting Rhizoma Gastrodiae growth required temperature and damp condition
It can produce.The main tuberosity vegetative propagation of the artificial cultivation of Rhizoma Gastrodiae at present and seed sexual propagation two ways.Vegetative propagation
Sowing quantity it is big, mostly generation breeding easily degenerate, yield decline；Kind fiber crops move back during seed sexual propagation overcomes vegetative propagation
The problems such as change, yield decline and provenance lack, while arched shed soverlay technique is used, select loose, ventilative, good water permeability sand ground kind
It plants, covers the technologies such as husky, zanjon plantation and the double-deck sowing using machinery trench digging, create optimal Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing environment condition, drop
Low labor intensity, increases the application rate of unit area, kind of a numb yield and quality is greatly improved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, a kind of sexual breeding side of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae is provided
Method, this method can create optimal Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing environment condition, extend the annual growth time of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, reduce planting process
In labor intensity, increase the application rate of unit area, and then increase substantially kind of a numb yield and quality.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention the following steps are included:
A, the flat sand ground of selection topography；
B, arched shed is built according to operating space needed for plantation, selected sand ground button canopy is kept the temperature spare；
C, select the willow rafter that diameter is 5cm~10cm as bacterium material, when use is saturating with water-wet；
D, it chooses seeds:
It selects arrow fiber crops as kind of a fiber crops, mature single generation seeds of Gastrodia elata is cultivated by indoor plantation and through artificial pollination；
It selects Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain as Germination Strain, turns out Germination Strain cultivar through expansion is numerous；
It selects close ring mushroom entity separation to expand numerous culture and obtains close ring bacterium three-class strain, produce kind as close ring bacterium；
E, seeds of Gastrodia elata is mixed thoroughly with Germination Strain cultivar prior to seeding, is packed into sterile bag, is spread in a single layer in drying, is led to
Wind, clean interior, keeping temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, spare to Germination Strain recovery 2-3 days；
F, it sows: excavating kind of a planting ditch according to the extending direction of arched shed, ditch is sowed after holding successfully；Be divided into when sowing two layers into
Row is sprinkled into the Germination Strain cultivar of mix seeds of Gastrodia elata in plantation bottom of trench first, then occupies bacterium material one by one, halimasch is broken into pieces with one's fingers
Be placed at the surface of a wound at bacterium material both ends, cover first layer sand, then with same method on the first layer face sowing the second layer, second
Second layer sand is covered on layer；Next ditch is sowed by this step, straw screen or mat is covered on ground after sowing, spills wet straw screen or mat with water；
G, it keeps straw screen or mat and sandy soil wet, controls sandy soil temperature at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, fiber crops kind are harvested before frozen ground and are saved.
The arched shed is built along north-south, and it is highly 2m that the length of arched shed, which is 50m, width 7m,.
The monomer weight of the arrow fiber crops is 150g~300g, and Germination Strain cultivar and close ring bacterium production kind dosage are every canopy
1000kg。
The willow rafter is cut into the stub of 20cm~25cm when using as bacterium material.
Sprouting bacterium bag is divided into the fritter of 3cm~5cm by the step E first, and every 500g sprouts in container after sterilization
10-15 mature Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule seed of bacterium germination seed dressing.The fiber crops kind harvested are digged pit preservations in sand ground, and hole is interior according to one layer of fiber crops kind
One layer of husky sequence is successively put, and top layer covers the sand of 60cm thickness, then lid straw screen or mat and agricultural film.
The time of sowing is March.
The time of harvesting is early and middle ten days in November.
In the step F first layer it is husky with a thickness of 10cm, the second layer it is husky with a thickness of 20cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is with following the utility model has the advantages that loose, ventilative, good water permeability by selecting
Sand ground covers the technologies such as husky, zanjon plantation and the double-deck sowing using arched shed soverlay technique, while using mechanical trench digging, creates most
Good Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing environment condition, extends the growth time of Rhizoma Gastrodiae current year, reduces labor intensity, increase unit area
Kind of a numb yield and quality is greatly improved in application rate, solves traditional Rhizoma Gastrodiae and plants that existing sowing quantity is big, kind property is moved back
Change, yield decline, provenance lacks, breeding coefficient is low, the outstanding problems such as at high cost.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae of the invention the following steps are included:
A, sand ground selects: selection topography is flat before day freezes, plot of traffic convenience, using machinery carry out it is smooth after build modeling
Expect arched shed, button canopy heat preservation, to prevent frozen ground, in case early spring in next year is sowed ahead of time.
B, build arched shed: Rhizoma Gastrodiae growth course be all underground complete, no aerial part, therefore, build arched shed without
Need to be too high, it is easy to operate need to only to meet Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation.Arched shed length, width and height are respectively 50m, 7m and 2m, north and south
To building, arch is built using 6 steel splitting pipes or willow rafter, and plastic covering film button canopy is kept the temperature.
C, prepare bacterium material: selecting the willow rafter of diameter 5cm, be cut into the stub of 20cm, when use is saturating with water-wet.
D, choose seeds: the fresh red parrot bud mouth healthy and strong, form is normal, top has bubble full of selection, skin is thick, internode is short, nothing
It damages by worms, disease-free spot, undamaged arrow fiber crops conduct kind fiber crops, mature single Dai Tian is cultivated by indoor plantation and through artificial pollination
Numb seed；It selects the Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain that growth potential is strong, germination rate is high as Germination Strain, turns out Germination Strain cultivar through expansion is numerous
For producing；It selects close ring mushroom entity separation to expand numerous culture and obtains close ring bacterium three-class strain as the production kind of close ring bacterium.
E, it dresses seed: being mixed thoroughly with Germination Strain before seeds of Gastrodia elata sowing, sprouting bacterium bag is first broken into pieces with one's fingers into the fritter of 3cm, is placed in
In sterilized basin, 10 mature Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule seeds of every 500g Germination Strain seed dressing.It is then charged into aseptic plastic bag, single layer
It is placed in dry, ventilation, clean interior, is kept for 20 DEG C of temperature, restores to can be used for 2-3 days to Germination Strain.
F, it sows: in March, excavating kind of a planting ditch according to arched shed extending direction, plant planting ditch length and arched shed is isometric, plant furrow width
Degree is 70cm, depth 30cm, and ditch is sowed immediately after holding successfully.Divide two layers of sowing, is sprinkled into mix seeds of Gastrodia elata in plantation bottom of trench first
Germination Strain cultivar, then occupy bacterium material one by one, halimasch broken into pieces with one's fingers and is placed at the surface of a wound at bacterium material both ends, cover 10cm thickness
Sand, then with same method, the second layer is sowed in face on the first layer, the lid sand thickness 20cm above the second layer.It is sequentially broadcast with this
The next ditch of kind, sowing, which finishes, finally covers straw screen or mat on ground, spills wet straw screen or mat with water.
G, it cultivates: flood cannot be poured within after planting 2-3 weeks, straw screen or mat is kept not do, should suitably spray water later and keep sandy soil wet；
Sandy soil temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C simultaneously, wants stronger ventilation when temperature is more than 30 DEG C in arched shed.Arch is removed when temperature is high after June
Canopy agricultural film wants overlay film button canopy management when mercury dropped after September, and fiber crops kind can be harvested before frozen ground, uses as Production of Large Fields next year
Kind.
H, save: the fiber crops kind of the harvesting of early and middle ten days in November, harvesting are digged pit preservation in gastrodin cultivation base.
Embodiment 2
The sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae of the invention the following steps are included:
A, sand ground selects: selection topography is flat before day freezes, plot of traffic convenience, using machinery carry out it is smooth after build modeling
Expect arched shed, button canopy heat preservation, to prevent frozen ground, in case early spring in next year is sowed ahead of time.
B, build arched shed: Rhizoma Gastrodiae growth course be all underground complete, no aerial part, therefore, build arched shed without
Need to be too high, it is easy to operate need to only to meet Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation.Arched shed length, width and height are respectively 50m, 7m and 2m, north and south
To building, arch is built using 6 steel splitting pipes or willow rafter, and plastic covering film button canopy is kept the temperature.
C, prepare bacterium material: selecting the willow rafter of diameter 10cm, be cut into the stub of 25cm, when use is saturating with water-wet.
D, choose seeds: the fresh red parrot bud mouth healthy and strong, form is normal, top has bubble full of selection, skin is thick, internode is short, nothing
It damages by worms, disease-free spot, undamaged arrow fiber crops conduct kind fiber crops, mature single Dai Tian is cultivated by indoor plantation and through artificial pollination
Numb seed；It selects the Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain that growth potential is strong, germination rate is high as Germination Strain, turns out Germination Strain cultivar through expansion is numerous
For producing；It selects close ring mushroom entity separation to expand numerous culture and obtains close ring bacterium three-class strain as the production kind of close ring bacterium.
E, it dresses seed: being mixed thoroughly with Germination Strain before seeds of Gastrodia elata sowing, sprouting bacterium bag is first broken into pieces with one's fingers into the fritter of 5cm, is placed in
In sterilized basin, 15 mature Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule seeds of every 500g Germination Strain seed dressing.It is then charged into aseptic plastic bag, single layer
It is placed in dry, ventilation, clean interior, is kept for 25 DEG C of temperature, restores to can be used for 2-3 days to Germination Strain.
F, it sows: in March, excavating kind of a planting ditch according to arched shed extending direction, plant planting ditch length and arched shed is isometric, plant furrow width
Degree is 70cm, depth 30cm, and ditch is sowed immediately after holding successfully.Divide two layers of sowing, is sprinkled into mix seeds of Gastrodia elata in plantation bottom of trench first
Germination Strain cultivar, then occupy bacterium material one by one, halimasch broken into pieces with one's fingers and is placed at the surface of a wound at bacterium material both ends, cover 10cm thickness
Sand, then with same method, the second layer is sowed in face on the first layer, the lid sand thickness 20cm above the second layer.It is sequentially broadcast with this
The next ditch of kind, sowing, which finishes, finally covers straw screen or mat on ground, spills wet straw screen or mat with water.
G, it cultivates: flood cannot be poured within after planting 2-3 weeks, straw screen or mat is kept not do, should suitably spray water later and keep sandy soil wet；
Sandy soil temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C simultaneously, wants stronger ventilation when temperature is more than 30 DEG C in arched shed.Arch is removed when temperature is high after June
Canopy agricultural film wants overlay film button canopy management when mercury dropped after September, and fiber crops kind can be harvested before frozen ground, uses as Production of Large Fields next year
Kind.
H, save: the fiber crops kind of the harvesting of early and middle ten days in November, harvesting are digged pit preservation in gastrodin cultivation base.
Embodiment 3
The sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae of the invention the following steps are included:
A, sand ground selects: selection topography is flat before day freezes, plot of traffic convenience, using machinery carry out it is smooth after build modeling
Expect arched shed, button canopy heat preservation, to prevent frozen ground, in case early spring in next year is sowed ahead of time.
B, build arched shed: Rhizoma Gastrodiae growth course be all underground complete, no aerial part, therefore, build arched shed without
Need to be too high, it is easy to operate need to only to meet Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation.Arched shed length, width and height are respectively 50m, 7m and 2m, north and south
To building, arch is built using 6 steel splitting pipes or willow rafter, and plastic covering film button canopy is kept the temperature.
C, prepare bacterium material: selecting the willow rafter of diameter 5cm, be cut into the stub of 23cm, when use is saturating with water-wet.
D, choose seeds: the fresh red parrot bud mouth healthy and strong, form is normal, top has bubble full of selection, skin is thick, internode is short, nothing
It damages by worms, disease-free spot, undamaged arrow fiber crops conduct kind fiber crops, mature single Dai Tian is cultivated by indoor plantation and through artificial pollination
Numb seed；It selects the Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain that growth potential is strong, germination rate is high as Germination Strain, turns out Germination Strain cultivar through expansion is numerous
For producing；It selects close ring mushroom entity separation to expand numerous culture and obtains close ring bacterium three-class strain as the production kind of close ring bacterium.
E, it dresses seed: being mixed thoroughly with Germination Strain before seeds of Gastrodia elata sowing, sprouting bacterium bag is first broken into pieces with one's fingers into the fritter of 4cm, is placed in
In sterilized basin, 13 mature Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule seeds of every 500g Germination Strain seed dressing.It is then charged into aseptic plastic bag, single layer
It is placed in dry, ventilation, clean interior, is kept for 23 DEG C of temperature, restores to can be used for 2-3 days to Germination Strain.
F, it sows: in March, excavating kind of a planting ditch according to arched shed extending direction, plant planting ditch length and arched shed is isometric, plant furrow width
Degree is 70cm, depth 30cm, and ditch is sowed immediately after holding successfully.Divide two layers of sowing, is sprinkled into mix seeds of Gastrodia elata in plantation bottom of trench first
Germination Strain cultivar, then occupy bacterium material one by one, halimasch broken into pieces with one's fingers and is placed at the surface of a wound at bacterium material both ends, cover 10cm thickness
Sand, then with same method, the second layer is sowed in face on the first layer, the lid sand thickness 20cm above the second layer.It is sequentially broadcast with this
The next ditch of kind, sowing, which finishes, finally covers straw screen or mat on ground, spills wet straw screen or mat with water.
G, it cultivates: flood cannot be poured within after planting 2-3 weeks, straw screen or mat is kept not do, should suitably spray water later and keep sandy soil wet；
Sandy soil temperature is controlled at 23 DEG C simultaneously, wants stronger ventilation when temperature is more than 30 DEG C in arched shed.Arch is removed when temperature is high after June
Canopy agricultural film wants overlay film button canopy management when mercury dropped after September, and fiber crops kind can be harvested before frozen ground, uses as Production of Large Fields next year
Kind.
H, save: the fiber crops kind of the harvesting of early and middle ten days in November, harvesting are digged pit preservation in gastrodin cultivation base.
The present invention is by selecting loose, ventilative, good water permeability sand ground, using arched shed soverlay technique, while using mechanical
Trench digging covers the technologies such as husky, zanjon plantation and the double-deck sowing, creates optimal Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing environment condition, extends Rhizoma Gastrodiae year
Growth time reduces labor intensity, increases the application rate of unit area, and kind of a numb yield and quality is greatly improved.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae, which comprises the following steps:
A, the flat sand ground of selection topography；
B, arched shed is built according to operating space needed for plantation, selected sand ground button canopy is kept the temperature spare；
C, select the willow rafter that diameter is 5cm~10cm as bacterium material, when use is saturating with water-wet；
D, it chooses seeds:
It selects arrow fiber crops as kind of a fiber crops, mature single generation seeds of Gastrodia elata is cultivated by indoor plantation and through artificial pollination；
It selects Mycen osmundicola bacterial strain as Germination Strain, turns out Germination Strain cultivar through expansion is numerous；
It selects close ring mushroom entity separation to expand numerous culture and obtains close ring bacterium three-class strain, produce kind as close ring bacterium；
E, seeds of Gastrodia elata is mixed thoroughly with Germination Strain cultivar prior to seeding, is packed into sterile bag, is spread in a single layer in drying, ventilation, clean
Net interior, keeping temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, spare to Germination Strain recovery 2-3 days；
F, it sows: excavating kind of a planting ditch according to the extending direction of arched shed, ditch is sowed after holding successfully；It is divided into two layers of progress when sowing,
The Germination Strain cultivar of mix seeds of Gastrodia elata is sprinkled into plantation bottom of trench first, bacterium material is then occupied one by one, halimasch is broken into pieces with one's fingers and is put
It sets at the surface of a wound at bacterium material both ends, covers first layer sand, then the second layer, the second layer are sowed in face on the first layer with same method
It is upper to cover second layer sand；Next ditch is sowed by this step, straw screen or mat is covered on ground after sowing, spills wet straw screen or mat with water；
G, it keeps straw screen or mat and sandy soil wet, controls sandy soil temperature at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, fiber crops kind are harvested before frozen ground and are saved.
2. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the arched shed is taken along north-south
It builds, it is highly 2m that the length of arched shed, which is 50m, width 7m,.
3. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the monomer weight of the arrow fiber crops is
150g~300g, Germination Strain cultivar and close ring bacterium production kind dosage are every canopy 1000kg.
4. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the willow rafter makes as bacterium material
Used time is cut into the stub of 20cm~25cm.
5. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step E will sprout bacterium bag point first
At the fritter of 3cm~5cm, every 10-15 mature Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule seed of 500g Germination Strain seed dressing in container after sterilization.
6. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the time of sowing is March.
7. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the time of harvesting is during November is upper
Ten days.
8. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fiber crops kind harvested are digged pit in sand ground
It saves, is put in hole according to one layer of fiber crops kind, one layer of husky sequence, top layer covers the sand of 60cm thickness, then lid straw screen or mat and agricultural film.
9. the sexual breeding method of sand ground Rhizoma Gastrodiae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first layer is husky in the step F
With a thickness of 10cm, the second layer it is husky with a thickness of 20cm.
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| CN110972865A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-10 | 四川双线科技有限公司 | Gastrodia elata planting method |
| CN111567346A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 达州市农业科学研究院 | Gastrodia elata capsule twice-sowing method |
| CN113416652A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Gastrodia elata seed germination bacterium and application thereof |
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