CN1425019A - 维生素d前体,及其制备方法与中间体 - Google Patents
维生素d前体,及其制备方法与中间体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1425019A CN1425019A CN00818498A CN00818498A CN1425019A CN 1425019 A CN1425019 A CN 1425019A CN 00818498 A CN00818498 A CN 00818498A CN 00818498 A CN00818498 A CN 00818498A CN 1425019 A CN1425019 A CN 1425019A
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- Prior art keywords
- cooch
- alkyl
- group
- tbdps
- compound
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 title abstract description 4
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 221
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 129
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 101
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- -1 methylol, ethynyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 claims description 17
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006559 (C1-C3) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCC YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethyl Chemical compound O=[CH] CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004454 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic anhydride Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(=O)CC WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- UYEMGAFJOZZIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 UYEMGAFJOZZIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000037 tert-butyldiphenylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[Si]([H])([*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 120
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 101
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 82
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 69
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 44
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 37
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 36
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 27
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 25
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- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 15
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229960003328 benzoyl peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMSO Substances CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FKHIFSZMMVMEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N talc Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O FKHIFSZMMVMEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GLGSZERYOLHNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N $l^{1}-oxidanyl(phenyl)methanone Chemical compound [O]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GLGSZERYOLHNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- QWXYZCJEXYQNEI-OSZHWHEXSA-N intermediate I Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@]1(C=O)[C@H]2CC=[N+](C\C2=C\C)CCc2c1[nH]c1ccccc21 QWXYZCJEXYQNEI-OSZHWHEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;bromide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Br-] NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N methanol-d1 Chemical compound [2H]OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSNPOBHKAGJGKV-QRYDPKPESA-N methyl (1r,3r,4s,5s)-3-acetyloxy-5-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate Chemical class COC(=O)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)C1 PSNPOBHKAGJGKV-QRYDPKPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005822 methylenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-MDZDMXLPSA-N propan-2-yl (ne)-n-propan-2-yloxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OC(C)C VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CSMWJXBSXGUPGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O CSMWJXBSXGUPGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001476 sodium potassium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTULOVPMGUBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy-diphenylsilane Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C(C)(C)C)O[Si](C(C)(C)C)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KJTULOVPMGUBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007070 tosylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)[O-] UYPYRKYUKCHHIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的A-环维生素D的前体,其中A,R,R1和R2是如说明书中的定义。本发明也涉及制备化合物(I)的方法,包括3,5-二羟基苯甲酸衍生物的酶促不对称反应,以及还涉及制备该化合物的中间体。
Description
双环[3.1.0]己烷衍生物(是19-去甲-A环前体)的合成是从M.Vandewalle等人(Tetrahedron Letters,1995,36(45),8299-8320)的(-)-奎尼酸或环己烷-三醇开发的,并且它以已知的环丙醇的迁移重排成高烯丙醇为基础。天然维生素D中此一重排的可能性已首先被Mazur等人(如上文)所证实。自2,4-戊烷-二酮的另一合成方法也有报导(S.Z.Zhou,S.Anne.M.Vandewalle,Tetrahedron Letters,1996,37(42),7637-7640)。也可使用3-环戊烯醇作为制备用的前体(W.Yong,M.Vandewalle;Synlett,1996,9,911-912)。
然而这些方法具有以下缺点:
-从(-)-奎尼酸开始的制法涉及基团的脱氧作用,难以大量控制,并要用有毒的三丁基锡氢化物;
-从环己烷三醇的方法要经过很多步骤(12),并需经历两个酶促反应;
-原料3-环戊烯醇不是市面上可得的。该原料必需从环戊二烯经过一低产率(30%)的氢硼化反应步骤而制得;而且环丙烷化反应和甲酰基的引入都是很麻烦的。
-从2,4-戊烷二酮开始的合成方法(10步骤)在制备双环氧化物中间体第一步的产率低。再者,由于其分子量低,某些中间体易挥发并且难以用大规模方法加以纯化。
现已发现,一种宽范围的19-去甲-A环前体可从3,5-二羟基苯甲酸衍生物或其4-烷基取代的同系物而制得。这些前体可由较以前已公开的更为有效的方法进行大规模制备。
因此,本发明的第一个特征是有关式(I)化合物的制备方法:其中:-A为基团-CH2OH,-CH2-OCOR′,-COR″,-CSR″或乙炔基;-R为氢或(C1-C6)烷基;-R1为氢,(C1-C6)烷基或基团-(CH2)n-OP;-R2为氢或基团-OP;-R′为(C1-C6)烷基或苯基;-R″为氢,羟基,(C1-C6)烷基,(C1-C6)烷氧基,(C1-C6)烷硫基,或二(C1-C3)烷氨基;-P为氢;(C1-C6)烷酰基;苯甲酰基,其中苯基可被(C1-C4)烷基,卤素或硝基任选取代;(C1-C6)烷氧基羰基;基团-Si(R3)3,其中每一R3各自代表(C1-C6)烷基或苯基;单-或二-(C1-C6)烷氧基(C1-C6)烷基;四氢呋喃基;或四氢吡喃基;-n为0,1,2,3或4,优选为0或1,此方法包含以下步骤(i)式1化合物与脂酶在链烷酸乙烯酯或酸酐中反应,其中A为(C1-C6)烷氧羰基,优选为甲氧羰基,或二(C1-C3)烷基胺基羰基且R是如上定义,和(ii)所得式2或2′化合物转化为相应的式(I)化合物其中Z为烷基,例如(C1-C6)烷基,优选为(C1-C3)烷基。
如一般流程1所示,制备该A环前体的起始物是由氢化甲基3,5-二羟基苯甲酸或其酯或氢化它们的4-烷基取代的同系物,接着进行P.Wang和J.Adams于J Am Chem Soc 1994,116,3296-3305中所述的修饰程序而得。
第一步骤包括1-烷氧基(或二烷基氨基)羰基-3,5-二羟基-环己烷或其4-烷基取代同系物的酶催化不对称反应,该反应是在溶剂(例如链烷酸乙烯酯,如乙酸乙烯酯,丙酸乙烯酯或丁酸乙烯酯)或酸酐(如乙酸酐,丙酸酐或丁酸酐)中进行,并使用脂酶如SAM II(来自萤光假单孢菌的脂酶)、CCL(来自希林瓜氏念珠菌的脂酶)、PPL(来自猪胰腺的脂酶),PSL(来自葱头假单孢菌的脂酶)、GCL(来自Gotrichum candidum的脂酶),温度介于10和40℃间,优选为20℃,反应持续6到72小时,获得相应的(1S,3S,5R)-3-烷基羰基氧-5-羟基或(1S,3S,4R,5R)-4-烷基-3-烷基羰基氧-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸烷酯或二烷酯(或羧酰胺)2,或相应的(1S,3S,5R)-5-烷基羰基氧-3-羟基或(1S,3S,4R,5R)-4-烷基-5-烷基羰基氧-3-羟基-环己烷羧酸烷酯(或二烷酯)(或羧酰胺)2′。
不对称反应也可使用一种适当的酶经过二酯3的对映异构选择性酶催化水解作用而发生于相同家族的化合物上。
流程2和3说明从流程1所述化合物2和2′合成R1-H且R2=OP的通式(I)的所有非对映异构体的方法。
如这些流程图中所示,化合物2或2′转换为化合物(I)是经一个或数个下列步骤而进行,这些步骤可以按不同次序部分地或全部进行,此次序视最终非对映异构体而改变:(1)羟基(例如P=TBDMS,TBDPS)的保护,(2)酯的皂化,(3)3或5-羟基的转化,(4)离去基(例如L=OTos,OBros,OMs)的形成,(5)含碱环的闭环生成所需双环[3.1.0]己烷,(6)烷氧羰基或氨基甲酰官能基(A)转变为所需的取代基A。
步骤(2)和(4)是本领域技术人员已知的传统反应。步骤(1)可根据J.AmChem.Soc.1972,94,6190或“有机合成中的保护基团”[(Protective groups inOrganic Synthesis),T.W.Greene,John Wiley Sons,纽约]所述的方法而进行。步骤(3)可根据合成(Synthesis)1981,1,或由两步法(消除、氢硼化反应)进行。步骤(5)可根据Tetrahedron Letters,1995,36(45),8299-8320进行。步骤(6)可根据J.Gen.Chem.USSR 1964,34,1021进行。
流程图2具体描述了具有3aS构型(α定向的环丙基环)的所有非对映异构体的合成方法。
流程图3具体描述了具有3aR构型(β定向的环丙基环)的所有非对映异构体的合成方法。
如一般流程图4所示,R=H且A=CH2OH的3a羟甲基取代的双环[3.1.0]己烷化合物(I)也可用于C-1上修饰的维生素D类似物的A环前体的合成中。此可能性可从式I.a(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)经主要中间体酮4.2来作为例证。格利雅反应(例如R1=Me或Et)会使叔醇I.i具有非对映异构选择性,同时伴随除去官能保护基。另一方面,4.2亚甲基化获得4.3。利用Lombardo过程(Tetrahedron Lett.,1982,23,4293)可得最佳结果(产率为68%)。或者,Wittig或Tebbe反应(J.Org.Chem.,1985,50,1212)分别获得39%和54%的产率。
4.3的二羟基化反应获得作为主产物的预期的二醇I.m.,并得到其差向异构体4.4(比例为85∶15,未有显示)。另一方面,4.3的氢硼化反应可得到比例为75∶25(73%)的2R和2S羟甲基化合物。TBDPS醚形成(81%)并接着酯水解(81%)之后,分离这些差向异构的醇可得到I.i和I.k。乙醇汞在4.3中加水导致形成叔醇I.1,和I.i,两者比例为75∶25。
由3,5-二羟基苯甲酸衍生物制备19-去甲-A环前体的这一新方法与先前所述方法相比时间最短。上述该路线在实践中的重要性主要在于大部分中间体是结晶,并且通过结晶加以纯化,这与用硅胶层析的传统纯化方法相比容易进行大规模作业,并能保证获得高纯度的对映体。反应流程1反应流程2反应流程3反应流程4
由此制得的所有化合物(I)均是新的,除了那些其中A为甲酰基、羟甲基、乙炔基或甲氧羰基,R和R2均为氢且R1为基团-OSi(R3)3的2S,3aS,4aS构型之外。
这些新颖化合物因而代表本发明的另一特征。优选的化合物(I)包括如下化合物
-A为基团-CH2OH,-CH2OCOR′,-COR″或乙炔基;
-R1为(C1-C6)烷基或基团-(CH2)n-OP;
-R′为苯基;
-R″为氢,
-P为氢或基团-Si(R3)3,
-n为0或1。
本发明进一步涉及制备化合物(I)的中间体。本发明特别涉及式(II)的非对映异构化合物:其中:-A和R是如上定义-R4和R5每一各自代表定义如上的P基团或甲磺酰基,甲苯磺酰基,对溴苯磺酰基或三氟甲磺酰基,其条件为当A为甲氧羰基且R为氢时,化合物(II)的构型不为1R,3R,5R。
-A和R是如上定义;
-Z为烷基,以及式1化合物
其中A是如上定义且R为(C1-C6)烷基。
本说明书和所附权利要求中,术语“(C1-C3)烷基”,(C1-C4)烷基”或“(C1-C6)烷基”意指具有1到3个(或4或6个)碳原子的直链或支链的烃链,例如甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,异丁基,叔-丁基,戊基,异戊基或己基。
术语“(C1-C6)烷氧基”或“(C1-C6)烷硫基”分别意指OR或SR基团,其中R为如上定义的(C1-C6)烷基。
本发明现通过下列制备例和实施例加以说明。
式1中间体的制备
a)顺式,顺式-3,5-二羟基-1-(甲氧羰基)环己烷:
1.A(R=H,A-COOCH3)。
在Peng Wang和Julian Adams于J.Am.Chem.Soc.1994,116,3296-3305中所述氢化3,5-二羟基苯甲酸的类似条件下,于MeOH中氢化3,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯。
将在含0.1%AcOH的MeOH(400毫升)中的3,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯(57.6克,0.629摩尔,97%),5%Rh/Al2OH3(5.76克)加入高压釜(1升)中。向该高压釜两次通入氢(130大气压至40大气压)。氢压达130大气压且温度上升至80-85℃。温度上升过程中,氢压下降。当压力降至90大气压时,氢压将再回到130大气压。氢化作用于80-85℃及130大气压下进行12小时,然后温度上升至150℃,并且相应压力会达约155大气压。反应持续36小时。滤掉催化剂。浓缩滤液,自EtOAc/异辛烷中结晶出残余物,得1.A(31.1克,产率为50%)。
烷点:135.9℃;
UV(EtOH):211.4纳米(ε=90.9);
IR(KBr):3284,1734,1259,1015厘米-1;
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6);δ1.13(3H,m);2.06(3H,m);2.30(1H,m);3.47(2H,m);3.61(3H,s);4.70(2H,d)ppm。
同样如上所述,但以如下化合物代替3,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯:
-3,5-二羟基-4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯或
-3,5-二羟基-4-乙基苯甲酸甲酯,
获得下列化合物:
-全-顺式-3,5-二羟基-4-甲基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:1.B(R-Me,A=COOCH3)
熔点:123℃;
1H-NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δ3.698(2H,dt,J=4.0,12.0Hz);3.666(3H,s);2.40(2H,tt,J=4.0,13.0Hz);2.23(1H,m);(2H,dt,J=4.0,13.0Hz);1.54(2H,q,J=13.0Hz);0.88(3H,d,J=7.08Hz)ppm。
-全-顺式-4-乙基-3,5-二羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:1.C(R-Et,A=COOCH3)
熔点:94-96℃;
1H-NMR(500 MHz,MeOD):δ3.72(2H,dt,J=10.9.,4.1Hz);3.66(3H,s);2.42(1H,m),1.86(1H,bs),1.79(2H,dt,J=12.8,4.1Hz),1.59(2H,d,J=9.0Hz),1.46(2H,m),1.02(3H,t,J=7.5Hz)ppm。式2和2′的中间体的制备(流程1) I)通式(I)的二醇的酶促酯化反应
Ia)(1S,3S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:
2.A(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)。
将顺式,顺式-3,5-二羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯1.A(R=H,A=COOCH3)(15.2克,87毫摩尔)和来自猪胰腺的脂酶(PPL-16.8U/毫克,9.1 2克)放入一圆底烧瓶中,接着于室温下添加乙酸乙烯酯(450毫升)。用氮冲洗烧瓶。黑暗中搅拌该悬浮液22小时,然后经硅藻土垫片过滤除去脂酶。蒸发浓缩滤液。残余物通过硅胶垫片(70-200筛目,45克)过滤分离。用甲苯(210毫升)洗脱,接着用甲苯/乙酸乙酯75/25(体积/体积,210毫升)的混合物,再用50/50(体积/体积,210毫升),最后用乙酸乙酯(240毫升)洗脱,浓缩后得到2.A黄色油(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)(22.3克,定量产率)。1R(薄膜):3447,1734,1243厘米-1;1H.NMR(CDCl3):δ1.4(3H,m),2.1(3H,s),2.3(5H,m),3.7(3H,s),3.75(1H,m),4.7(1H,m)ppm;[α]D25:+22.4(c=1.25,CHCl3)。Ib)(1R,3S,4S,5R)-5-乙酰氧基-3-羟基-4-乙基环己烷羧酸甲酯:2′.B(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)及(1R,3S,4S,5R)-5-乙酰氧基-3-羟基-4-乙基环己烷羧酸甲酯:2′.C(R=Et,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)。以I.a所述的类似方法,但以分别来自如下的SAM II,PSL或CCL代替PPL;
-全顺式-3,5-二羟基-4-甲基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:1.B(R=Me,A=COOCH3)
-全顺式二羟基-4-乙基-3,5-环己烷羧酸甲酯:1.C(R=Et,A=COOCH3),获得下列化合物:
-(1R,3S,4S,5R)-5-乙酰氧基-3-羟基4-甲基-环己烷-羧酸甲酯:2′B(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3):IR(薄膜):3434,1731,1439,1243,1027厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ4.84(1H,dt,J=4.3,4.3Hz);3.82(1H,m);3.69(3H,s);2.45(1H,m);2.32(1H,d,J=6.4Hz);2.05(3H,s);1.92(2H,dt,J=4.0,4.0Hz);1.77(3H,m);0.96(3H,d,J=7.0Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):231(M+,1);213;199;186;170;152;127;111;83;87;67;43(基峰);[α]D21:-22.7(c=0.38,CHCl3)。
-(1R,3S,4S,5R)-5-乙酰氧基-4-乙基-3-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2′.C(R=Et,Z=Me,A=COOCH3):IR(薄膜):3421,2958,2360,1733,1437,1239,1027,739厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ4.98(1H,t,J=4.1Hz);3.87(1H,m),3.69(3H,s),2.60(1H,bs),2.16(2H,m),2.02(3H,s),1.84(2H,m),1.72(1H,bs),1.59(2H,m),1.47(1H,m),0.97(3H,t,J=7.5Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):245(M++1);233;206;184;166;141;125;111;95,87,57,43(基峰)。[α]D25:-50.2(c=1.08,CHCl3)。
II)化学式3的二酯的酶促皂化作用
IIa)(1R,3S,4S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-羟基-环己烷-羧酸甲酯:2.A(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3):
将27.0毫升,pH=7.0的缓冲液加到溶于3.0毫升CH3CN的内消旋-二乙酸酯3.A(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)(92.1毫克,0.36毫摩尔)溶液中,接着添加SAM II(13.8毫克,46.8U/毫克)。室温下搅拌所得混合物,并计量添加1.0MNaOH溶液维持pH为7.0。以TLC分析监控该反应。加NaCl使该反应溶液饱和以终止该反应。用AcOEt(3×50毫升)萃取该反应混合物。合并的有机萃取物用盐水(3×10毫升)清洗,用MgSO4干燥,并浓缩。残余物用异辛烷/EtOAc(6∶4)洗脱,用HPLC纯化,得到单乙酸酯2.A无色油(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)(30.1毫克,38.9%)。
IIb)(1S,3R,4R,5S)-3-丁酰氧基-5-羟基-4-甲基-环己烷-羧酸甲酯:2B(R=Me,Z=n-C3H7,A=COOCH3)。
室温下,将丁酸酐(538微升,3.29毫摩尔)加到溶于2毫升CH2Cl2中的1.B(R=Me,A=COOCH3)(0.2克,1.10毫摩尔)溶液中,并接着加入TMSoTf(三甲基甲硅烷基三氟化物)(25微升,1M)溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物30分钟。并接着添加2.5毫升的MeOH,再搅拌该混合物2小时,用5%的NaHCO3骤冷。反应溶液用盐水(3×20毫升)清洗,用MgSO4干燥并浓缩,得一残余物。该残余物用异辛烷AcOEt(9∶1)洗脱,于硅胶上进行层析纯化,得到无色油二丁酸酯3.B(R=Me,Z-正-C3H7,A=COOCH3)(3.9克,98.8%)。将22.0毫升的缓冲液(pH=7.0)加到溶于2.0毫升CH3CN的内消旋-二酯(110毫克,0.34毫摩尔)溶液中,接着添加SAM II(37毫克,46.8U/毫克)。室温下搅拌所得混合物,并计量添加1.0M NaOH溶液以维持pH为7.0。TLC分析监控该反应。将NaCl加入该反应溶液中以终止该反应。反应混合物用EtOAc(3×50毫升)萃取,用MgSO4干燥,并浓缩,得到残余物。残余物用异辛烷:/EtOAc(7∶3)洗脱,用HPLC纯化,得到无色油状单丁酸酯2.B(R=Me,Z=正-C3H7,A=COOCH3)(78毫克,90%)。IR(薄膜):3495,2964,2878,1731,1438,1281,1183,990厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):4.83(1H,dt),3.83(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),2.45(1H,m),2.32(1H,m),2.28(2H,t,J=7.9Hz),1.91(2H,m),1.82-1.62(5H,m),0.95(6H,m)。[α]D 25:+16.2(c=2.09,CHCl3)。MS:259(M++1),227,214,187,170,152,127,111,93,71,43
IIc)(1S,3S,4S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-羟基-4-甲基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.C(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)从内消旋-二乙酸酯3.C(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)得到,如IIa)。[α]D 25:+20(c=2.9,CHCl3)
IId)(1R,3S,4S,5R)-5-乙酰氧基-3-羟基-4-甲基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.′B(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)从内消旋-二乙酸酯3.C(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)得到,如IIa)所述,但用PPL作为脂酶。[α]D 25:-19.5(c=2.88,CHCl3)实施例1:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.1(A=COOCH3,R=H,P=TBDMS)。a)(1R,3S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.4.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
将对-甲苯磺酰氯(13.3克,7.0毫摩尔)加到0℃下溶于三乙胺(50毫升)和二氯甲烷(10毫升)混合物中的(1S,3S,5R)-3-乙酰基氧-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酸2.A(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)(10.1克,43.7毫摩尔)和二甲氨基-吡啶(0.1克)的溶液中。0℃下搅拌该溶液1小时,接着于室温下搅拌22小时。反应用水(300毫升)骤冷,并用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层用水清洗,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。粗产物从EtOH中结晶,得到2.4a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(13.2克,81.6%)。熔点83.1℃;IR(KBr):1734,1175厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.5(3H,m),2.0(3H,s),2.28(4H,m),2.47(3H,s),3.68(3H,s),4.4(1H,m),4.68(1H,m),7.35(1H,d,J=8.5Hz),7.8(2H,d,J=8.5Hz)ppm。b)(1R,3S,5R)-3-羟基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
将碳酸钾(4.36克,31毫摩尔)加到在MeOH中2.4a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(23.35克,63毫摩尔)的悬浮液中。搅拌悬浮液30分钟,并将其倾入水(1.5升)中。沉淀物被滤出并干燥,得到2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(18.5克,89%)。熔点:98.4℃;UV(EtOH):225纳米(ε=11935);IR(KBr):3447,1719,1176厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.52(4H,m),2.25(4H,m),2.45(3H,Ss),3.6(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),4.42(1H,m),7.35(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),7.8(2H,d,J=8.5Hz)ppm;[α]D25:-19(c=1.00,EtOH)。c)(1R,3S,5R)-3-苯酰基氧-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
将二乙基偶氮二羧酸酯(11毫升,70毫摩尔)加到0℃下溶于甲苯(180毫升)和THF(70毫升)的2.5a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(18.35克,56毫摩尔)、三苯基膦(18.4克,70毫摩尔)和苯甲酸(8.53克,70毫摩尔)溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物30分钟,添加庚烷(735毫升)后,将其过滤,并浓缩滤液。将甲苯加到粗产物中,并透过一硅胶垫片(30-70筛目)过滤溶液。用甲苯,再用甲苯/二氯甲烷的混合物洗脱,浓缩后得到残余物,将其从EtOH中结晶后得2.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(19.77克,82%)。熔点:76.2℃;UV(EtOH):227纳米(ε=20840);IR(KBr):1709,1177厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.7(3H,m),2.14(2H,m),2.35(3H,s),2.48(1H,m),2.83(1H,m),3.18(3H,s),4.75(1H,m),5.43(1H,m),7.2(2H,d,J=11.4Hz),7.5(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),7.6(1H,m),7.75(2H,d,J=11.4Hz),7.94(2H,d,J=8.5Hz)ppm;[α]D 25:-65.8(c=0.98,EtOH)。d)(1R,3R,5R)-3-羟基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.7.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
将碳酸钾(3.16克,22.9毫摩尔)加到溶于MeOH(260毫升)的2.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(19.77克,46毫摩尔)的悬浮液中。室温下搅拌该混合物6小时,并将其倾入水(1升)中。水层用二异丙基氧化物萃取,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩,得到油状物2.7.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(17.45克,定量)。UV(EtOH):224纳米(c=12262);IR(KBr):3525,1731,1174厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.67(3H,m),2.1(3H,m),2.45(3H,s),2.85(1H,m),3.7(3H,s),4.3(1H,s),4.82(1H,m),7.35(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),7.8(2H,d,J=8.5Hz)ppm;[α]D 25:-36.7(c=1.06,CHCl3)。e)(1R,3R,5R)-3-叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
将叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氯化物(8.6克,57毫摩尔)加到溶于无水二甲基甲酰胺(80毫升)的2.7.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(17.45克,46毫摩尔)和咪唑(3.9克,57毫摩尔)的溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物1.5小时,然后将其倾入水中,并用甲苯萃取。有机层用水清洗,再予以浓缩。粗产物从庚烷中结晶,得2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(13.94克,69%)。熔点:68.2℃;UV(EtOH):225纳米(ε=12390);IR(KBr):2853,1726,1436,1359,1173,831厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0.02(3H,s),0.05(3H,s),0.82(9H,s),1.55(4H,m),1.85(2H,m),2.45(3H,s),2.8(1H,m),3.67(3H,s),4.2(1H,bs),4.7(1H,m),7.33(2H,d,J=8.5 Hz),7.8(2H,d,J=8.5 Hz)ppm;[α]D 25:-41.6(c=1.00,EtOH)。f)(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
历时1小时,将在叔-丁醇(1.02升)中的叔-丁醇钾的1M溶液加到64℃下溶于叔-丁醇的2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(378.5克,856毫摩尔)的搅拌溶液中。添加完了后5分钟,将该悬浮液冷却至30℃,并添加氯化铵(3升)的饱和溶液。10分钟后,用二异丙基氧化物萃取水相。有机层用水清洗,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。用庚烷/乙酸乙酯的混合物作为洗脱溶剂,于硅胶上对残余物进行快速层析,得黄色油I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(211.3克,91.3%)。Eb760:135℃;UV(EtOH):201纳米(ε=742);IR(薄膜)1726厘米-1,1458厘米-1,1437厘米-1,1254厘米-1,837厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0.01(6H,s),0.83(9H,s),1.28(2H,m),1.8(2H,m),2.11(3H,m),3.65(3H,s),3.9(1H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:-43(c=1.04,EtOH)。实施例2:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)。
历时1.5小时,将溶于甲苯(1.25升)中二异丁基氢化铝的1.5M溶液加到-70℃下溶于甲苯(2.1升)的(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(207.5克,768毫摩尔)溶液中。添加完成后,缓缓加入酒石酸钠钾的饱和溶液,并使温度上升至0℃。搅拌2小时后,用甲苯萃取反应混合物,有机层以MgSO4干燥并浓缩,获得142.9克(88%)的黄色油状物标的化合物I.b.2。IR(KBr):3355,1471,1255,835,774厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.32(1H,m),0.5(1H,m),0.83(9H,s),1.16(1H,m),1.87(5H,m),3.54(2H,m),4.0(1H,m)ppm。实施例3:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)。
将氯铬酸吡啶鎓(68克,315毫摩尔)加到室温下溶二氯甲烷(700毫升)的I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(69.6克,287毫摩尔)中。剧烈搅拌该反应混合物1小时。温度攀升至35℃,然后降低至25℃。悬浮液透过一硅藻土垫片加以过滤,并用二氯甲烷和二异丙基氧化物清洗。有机层连续用水、碳酸氢钠饱和溶液、和水清洗至pH为6-7。合并的有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤和浓缩。残余物(66.8克)用庚烷/乙酸乙酯95/5(体积/体积)作为洗脱液,于硅酸镁载体上进行快速层析予以纯化,得黄色油状物I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)(50.33克,73%)。UV(EtOH):204纳米(ε=6292);IR(KBr):1726,1253,1119,838厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.87(9H,s),1.3(2H,m),1.85(2H,m),2.1(3H,m),4(1H,m),8.9(1H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:-49.4(c=1.06,EtOH)。实施例4:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.1(R=H,A=COOCH3,P=TBDMS)。a)(1R,3S,5S)-3-乙酰氧基-5-苯甲酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.9.a(R=H,A=COOCH3)。
如2.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)的说明,将(1S,3S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯2.A(R=H,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)(25克,111.3毫摩尔)转换为(1R,3S,5S)-3-乙酰氧基-5-苯甲酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.9.a(R=H,A=COOCH3)(32.4克,91%)。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.68(3H,m),2.05(3H,s),2.34(3H,m),2.92(1H,m),3.70(3H,s),5.18(1H,m),5.55(1H,m),7.50(3H,m),8.05(2H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:+42.3(c=0.82,CHCl3)。b)(1R,3S,5S)-5-苯甲酰基氧-3-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.10.a(R=H,A=COOCH3)。
如2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述皂化(1R,3S,5S)-3-乙酰氧基-5-苯甲酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.9.a(R=H,A=COOCH3)(32.4克,151.9毫摩尔)。将该粗产物于硅胶(庚烷/乙酸乙酯5/5)上进行快速层析纯化,得3.10.a(R=H,A=COOCH3)(22.38克,79%)。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.63(4H,m),1.92(1H,s),2.3(2H,m),2.86(1H,m),3.7(3H,s),4.1(1H,m),5.53(1H,m),7.5(3H,m),8.0(2H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:-13.5(c=1.43,CHCl3)。c)(1S,3S,5S)-5-苯甲酰基氧-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.11.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
如2.4.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,将醇3.10.a(R=H,A=COOCH3)(25.2克,90.88毫摩尔)进行甲苯磺酰化。快速层析(庚烷/乙酸乙酯7/3)纯化并自庚烷/EtOH中结晶后,得定量产率的标题化合物3.11.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(39.75克)。熔点:128.4℃;IR(KBr):2950,1715,1175,939厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.7(3H,m),2.18(2H,m),2.38(3H,s),2.5(1H,m),2.85(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),4.76(1H,m),5.43(1H,m),7.19(2H,d),7.5(2H,d),7.58(1H,m),7.77(2H,d),7.96(2H,d)ppm;[α]D 25:+69(c=1.014,CHCl3)。d)(1S,3S,5S)-5-羟基-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.12.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
如2.7.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.11.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(38.25克,88.4毫摩尔),以定量产率获得黄色油状物的(1S,3S,5S)-5-羟基-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯3.12.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(29.25克)。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ1.6(4H,m),2.08(3H,m),2.47(3H,s),2.83(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),4.3(1H,m),4.82(1H,m),7.36(2H,d),7.8(2H,d)ppm。e)(1S,3S,5S)-5-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.13.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.12.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(29.2克,89.07毫摩尔),在硅胶(庚烷/乙酸乙酯8/2)上进行快速层析术加以纯化,得黄色油状物3.13.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(34.8克,88%)。IR(薄膜):2953,2855,1725,1278,1177,949厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,d),0.85(9H,s),1.55(3H,m),1.88(2H,m),2.38(1H,s),2.48(3H,s),2.82(1H,m),3.7(3H,s),4.2(1H,m),4.7(1H,m),7.8(2H,d),8.09(2H,d)ppm;[α]D 25:+29.5(c=1.06,EtOH)。f)(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(来自2.8.1)所述,自3.13a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(33.2克,75毫摩尔),于硅胶(庚烷/乙酸乙酯95/5)上进行快速层析加以纯化,得黄色油状物I.h.1(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基-3a-甲酸酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(15.5克,78%)。IR(薄膜):2952,2856,1724,1113,837厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.85(9H,s),1.11(1H,d),1.27(2H,m),1.6(3H,s),1.8(1H,m),2.11(3H,m),3.65(3H,s),3.9(1H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:+38.3(c=1.122,EtOH)。实施例5:(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)。
使用I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述条件,将(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.h.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(15.15克,56毫摩尔)转换为I.h.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(11.85克,87%)。IR(薄膜):3354,2928,2856,1255,835厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0.1(6H,s),0.35(1H,t),0.5(1H,t),0.86(9H,s),1.17(1H,s),1.85(5H,m),3.52(2H,m),4.0(1H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:+17.4(c=1.15,EtOH)。实施例6:(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)。
依照I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)的程序,自I.h.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(11.3克,46.6毫摩尔)获得黄色油状物I.h.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)(6.2克,55%)。UV(EtOH):204.5mm(ε=6600)IR(薄膜):2930,2880,2856,1705,1119,1097,836厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.83(9H,s),0.95(1H,t),1.22(2H,m),1.85(2H,m),2.1(5H,m),4.0(1H,五重峰),8.87(1H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:+53.6(c=1.008,EtOH)。实施例7:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1R,3S,5R)-3-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.3.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,保护(1R,3S,5R)-3-羟基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(29.3克,89.2毫摩尔)的羟官能基,获得2.3.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(36.75克,93%)。熔点:70.9℃;IR(KBr):2957,2855,1734,1174,923厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.82(9H,s),1.41(3H,m),2.16(4H,m),2.46(3H,s),3.54(1H,m),3.69(3H,s),4.41(1H,m),7.34(2H,d),7.8(2H,d)ppm;[α]D 25:-8.2(c=1.2,EtOH)。b)(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自2.3.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(34.81克,78.6毫摩尔)于硅胶(庚烷/乙酯乙酯5/5)上进行快速层析加以纯化,得黄色油状物I.a.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(16.6克,78%)。IR(薄膜):2953,2855,1726,1148,836厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.86(9H,s),1.5(5H,m),2.1(1H,m),2.48(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),4.33(1H,t)ppm;[α]D 25:-60.1(c=0.998,EtOH)。实施例8:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)。
如I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述,自I.a.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(15.6克,57.7毫摩尔)获得黄色油状物I.a.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(11.7克,83.7%)。IR(薄膜):3331,2927,2855,1254,1094,1006,835厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.5(1H,m),0.88(9H,s),1.19(3H,m),1.72(2H,m),2.1(2H,m),3.6(2H,s),4.34(1H,t)ppm;[α]D 25:-23.5(c=1.062,EtOH)。实施例9:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)。
如I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)所述,自I.a.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(11.1克,45.5毫摩尔)获得黄色油状物I.a.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)(8.8克,80%)。UV(EtOH):204.7纳米(ε=6991);IR(薄膜):2928,2855,1702,1255,1072,837厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.85(9H,s),1.45(1H,m),1.78(3H,m),2.02(2H,m),2.5(1H,m),4.35(1H,m),8.81(1H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:-71.8(c=1.406,EtOH)。实施例10:(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1R,3S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.7.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,将(1S,3S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯2.A(R=H,A=COOCH3)(45.5克,0.210毫摩尔)的羟官能基甲硅烷基化。以庚烷/乙酯乙酯的混合物作为洗脱溶剂(9/1),于硅胶上进行快速层析加以纯化,得黄色油状物3.7.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(69.97克,92%)。IR(薄膜):2953,2856,1736,1240厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.8(9H,s),1.33(4H,m),2(3H,s),2.1(2H,m),2.32(1H,m),3.55(1H,m),3.62(3H,s),4.66(1H,m)ppm。b)(1R,3S,5R)-5-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.8.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.7.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(63.67克,0.1926毫摩尔),使用庚烷/乙酯乙酯(7/3)作为洗脱液,于硅胶上进行快速层析加以纯化,得黄色油状物3.8.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(46.24克,83%)。IR(薄膜):3404,2952,2856,1736,837厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.81(9H,s),1.3(3H,m),1.67(1H,m),2.13(4H,m),3.56(2H,m),3.63(3H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:+6.8(c=1.036,CHCl3)。c)(1S,3S,5R)-5-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.4.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.8.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(45.99克,0.159毫摩尔),使用庚烷/乙酯乙酯8/2作为洗脱液,于硅胶上进行快速层析加以纯化,接着自EtOH中结晶获得3.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(53.7克,76%)。熔点:71℃;IR(KBr):2957,2855,1734,1174,923厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.82(9H,s),1.41(3H,m),2.16(4H,m),2.46(3H,s),3.54(1H,m),3.69(3H,s),4.41(1H,m),7.34(2H,d),7.8(2H,d)ppm;[α]D 25:+6.8(c=1.032,EtOH)。d)(2s,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(53.7克,0.121毫摩尔),获得淡黄色油I.f.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(24.48克,74.6%)。IR(薄膜):2953,2856,1726,1148,836厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.86(9H,s),1.5(5H,m),2.1(1H,m),2.48(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),4.33(1H,t)ppm;[α]D 25:+62.9(c=1.066,EtOH)。实施例11:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0.]己烷:I.f.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)。
如I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述,自I.f.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(10克,0.037毫摩尔)获得油状物定量产率的I.f.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(10克)。IR(薄膜):3331,2927,2855,1254,1094,1006,835厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.5(1H,m),0.88(9H,s),1.19(3H,m),1.72(2H,m),2.1(2H,m),3.6(2H,s),4.34(1H,t)ppm;[α]D 25:+23.2(c=0.99,EtOH)。实施例12:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-3-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0.]己烷:I.f.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)。
如I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)所述,将I.f.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)(10克,0.037毫摩尔)转换为淡黄色油状物I.f.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)(5.3克,59.7%)。IR(薄膜):2928,2855,1702,1255,1072,837厘米-1;1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ0(6H,s),0.85(9H,s),1.45(1H,m),1.78(3H,m),2.02(2H,m),2.5(1H,m),4.35(1H,m),8.81(1H,s)ppm;UV(EtOH):205纳米;[α]D 25:+70.4(c=1.1,EtOH)。实施例13:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1R,3S,5R)-3-乙酰氧基-5-(4-溴苯基磺酰基氧)-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.4.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)。
如2.4.a(R=H,L=OTos)所述,自2.A(R=H)(1.4克,6.47毫摩尔)和4-溴苯磺酰氯(4.22克,16.19毫摩尔)获得白色晶体2.4.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)(2.6克,96%)。熔点:110-111℃;IR(薄膜):2956,1734,1363,1246,1188,822,742厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.76(2H,d,J=8.6Hz),7.70(2H,d,J=8.6Hz),4.68(1H,dddd,J=11.6,11.6,4.37,4.37Hz),4.46(1H,dddd,11.6,11.6,4.6,4.6Hz),3.69(3H,s),2.37(1H,m),2.28(2H,m),2.02(3H,s),1.58(2H,m),1.39(1H,dd,J=24.0,12.4Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):419(M+,1),405(1),363(3),221(10),157(34),138(70),107(15),79(68);[α]D 25:-10.65(c=1.50,CHCl3)。b)(1R,3S,5R)-5-(4-溴苯基磺酰基氧)-3-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.5.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)。
如2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos)所述,自2.4.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)(2.55克,6.08毫摩尔)获得白色晶体2.5.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)(2.25克,98%)。熔点:95-98℃IR(薄膜):3397,2954,1734,1396,1186,81 5,740厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.76(2H,d,J=8.6Hz),7.70(2H,d,J=8.6Hz),4.46(1H,dddd,J=11.5,11.5,4.5,4.5Hz),3.68(3H,s),3.64(1H,m),2.25(4H,m),1.60(1H,dd,J=24.2,12.5Hz),1.48(1H,dd,J=23.0,11.5Hz),1.35(1H,dd,J=23.8,12.5Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):377(M+,1),328(3),235(10),221(13),156(85),113(100),97(52),79(53);[α]D 25:-17.13(c=1.48,CHCl3)。c)(1R,3R,5R)-3-苯甲酰基氧-5-(4-溴苯磺酰基氧)-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.6.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)。
如2.6.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2.5.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)(1.15克,3.05毫摩尔)。产率为1.13克(73%)。熔点:131-133℃IR(薄膜):3420,2948,1717,1362,1186,817,707厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.95(2H,d,J=7.4Hz),7.72(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),7.60(1H,t,J=7.4Hz),7.58(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),7.49(2H,t,7.7Hz),5.46(1H,m),4.81(1H,dddd,J=11.3,11.3,4.4,4.4Hz),2.85(1H,dddd,J=12.5,12.5,3.7,3.7Hz),2.47(1H,m),2.20(2H,m),1.73(3H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):497(M+,1),391(4),377(10),260(100),237(8),221(25);[α]D 25:-59.32(c=1.79,CHCl3)。d)(1R,3R,5R)-5-(4-溴苯磺酰基氧)-3-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.7.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)。
如2.7.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2.6.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)(240毫克,0.483毫摩尔)。产率为1 67毫克(88%)。熔点:107-108℃IR(薄膜):3527,2954,1732,1577,1365,1187,940,818厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.78(2H,d,J=8.6Hz),7.70(2H,d,J=8.6Hz),4.87(1H,dddd,J=10.9,10.9,4.5,4.5Hz),4.31(1H,m),3.69(3H,s),2.86(1H,dddd,J=12.1,12.1,3.7,3.7Hz),2.24(1H,d,J=12.7Hz),2.04(1H,d,J=11.7Hz),1.94(1H,d,J=14.0Hz),1.65(3H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):394(M++1,1),295(2),221(4),157(11),97(10);[α]D 25:-38.75(c=0.80,CHCl3)。e)(1R,3R,5R)-5-(4-溴苯磺酰基氧)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.8.b(R=H,L=OBros,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2.7.b(R=H,L=OBros,A=COOCH3)(299毫克,0.760毫摩尔),获得粘稠状油2.8.b(R=H,L=OBros,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(198毫克,93%)。IR(薄膜):2955,1738,1577,1472,1370,1180,947,821,703厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.71(2H,d,J=8.8Hz),7.34-7.60(12H,m),4.87(1H,m),4.17(1H,bs),3.78(3H,m),2.98(1H,dddd,J=9.1,9.1,3.5,3.5Hz),2.39(1H,d,J=11.9Hz),1.89(1H,d,J=13.9Hz),1.79(1H,d,J=12.3Hz),1.63(1H,m),1.34(2H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.91(3H,s)ppm;MS(m/z):599(M+,1),419(28),337(34),293(8),199(46),139(100),107(50),79(72);[α]D 25:+1.49(c=1.75,CHCl3)。f)(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,将化合物2.8.b(R=H,L=OBros,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(206毫克,0.344毫摩尔)转换为无色油I.b.4(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(79毫克,76%)。IR(薄膜):2952,1725,1428,1113,703厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.64(4H,dd,J=6.20,6.20Hz),7.35-7.45(6H,m),3.89(1H,dddd,J=7.7,7.7,7.7,7.7Hz),3.65(3H,s),2.28(1H,dd,J=12.9,8.2Hz),2.12(1H,dd,J=12.9,7.1Hz),1.91(2H,m),1.77(1H,ddd,J=8.6,5.0,5.0Hz),1.19(1H,dd,J=8.6,4.8Hz),1.02(9H,s),0.44(1H,dd,J=5.1,5.1Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):394(M+,1),363(4),337(65),259(3),213(100),199(20),135(18),77(21);[α]D 25:-73.14(c=1.75,CHCl3)。实施例14:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)。
如I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述,自I.b.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(188毫克,1.253毫摩尔),于硅胶(异辛烷/乙酸乙酯83∶17)上进行快速层析加以纯化,得粘稠状油I.b.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)(240毫克,96%)。IR(薄膜):3322,2932,1428,1113,702厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.75(4H,m),7.58(6H,m),3.97(1H,dddd,J=7.1,7.1,7.1,7.1Hz),3.56(2H,bs),1.84-2.05(3H,m),1.12(1H,m),1.03(9H,s),0.34(1H,dd,J=7.8,5.4Hz),0.13(1H,dd,J=4.6,4.6Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):365(M+-1,1),291(3),231(10),199(100),181(12),139(27),93(77),79(24);[α]D 25:-25.74(c=2.16,CHCl3)。实施例15:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)。
如I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)所述,始于I.b.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)(230毫克,0.627毫摩尔),I.b.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)的产率为210毫克(92%)。IR(薄膜):3439,3061,2954,2858,1704,1589,1471,1111,1036,823,703厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ8.85(1H,s),7.68-7.60(4H,m),3.99(1H,q,J=7.4Hz),2.30(1H,dd,J=13.1,8.0Hz),2.03-1.98(2H,m),1.93-1.87((2H,m),1.22(1H,dd,J=8.4,6.0Hz),1.02(9H,s),0.74(1H,dd,J=5.3,5.3Hz)ppm;[α]D 25:-90.00(c 1.00,CHCl3)。实施例16:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-乙炔基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.b.7(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=C=CH)。
将t-BuOK(1.26毫升,1.26毫摩尔,THF中的1.0M溶液)逐滴添加到冷却至-78℃,溶于THF(3毫升)的(MeO)2P(O)CHN2(188毫克,1.253毫摩尔)的溶液中。-78℃下搅拌该混合物20分钟,直到所呈现的黄色持续不变为止。缓缓添加溶于THF(3毫升)中的I.b.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)(380毫克,1.043毫摩尔)并持续搅拌过夜,温度由-78℃自然上升至室温。添加水(10毫升)和Et2O(20毫升)使反应骤冷,并分离有机相,水层用Et2O(3×50毫升)萃取,并用MgSO4干燥。残余物利用HPLC(己烷/EtOAc 96∶4)分离,得无色油状化合物I.b.7(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=C=CH)(338毫克,90%)。IR(薄膜):3291,3072,2932,2143,1590,1473,1428,1114,1091,824,741厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.61-7.63(4H,m),7.34-7.43(6H,m),3.81(1H,q,J=7.6Hz),2.16(1H,dd,J=12.5,7.13Hz),2.02(1H,ddd,J=12.5,8.1,0.9Hz),1.95(1H,m),1.93(1H,s),1.56(1H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.70(1H,dd,J=8.3,5.1Hz),0.31(1H,t,J=5.0Hz)ppm;[α]D 25:-86.30(c=1.60,CHCl3)。实施例17:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-羧甲氧基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1R,3R,5S)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.8.b(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如实施例4中对3.8.a(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自2.A(R=H,A=COOCH3)和TBDPSC1,经过3.7.b(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。获得粘稠油的标题化合物;两步骤的产率为92%IR(薄膜):3404,2952,1738,1428,1112,1049,807,710厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.66(4H,m),7.40(6H,m),3.65(3H,s),3.60(1H,dddd,J=10.9,10.9,4.3,4.3Hz),3.41(1H,m),2.11(4H,m),1.50(1H,dd,J=12.6,12.6Hz),1.41(1H,d,J=5.2Hz),1.34(3H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):412(M+,1),355(5),323(67),199(100),153(37),105(21),79(85);[α]D 25:-16.44(c=1.60,CHCl3)。b)(1S,3R,5S)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.6.b(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.4.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.8.b(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)获得粘稠油状物3.6.b,产率为94%。IR(薄膜):2955,1738,1363,1178,1111,824,704厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.69(2H,d,J=8.3Hz),7.58(4H,m),7.28(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),4.18(1H,dddd,J=11.6,11.6,4.6,4.6Hz),3.62(3H,s),3.48(1H,dddd,J=11.1,11.1,4.1,4.1Hz),2.47(3H,s),2.15-1.99(4H,m),1.52(1H,ddd,J=5.6,5.57,5.6Hz),1.42(1H,ddd,J=12.0,12.0,12.0Hz),0.98(9H,s)ppm;MS(m/z):567(M+,1),509(9),451(1),353(49),337(67),293(38),213(47),139(32),91(100),79(77);[α]D 25:+2.39(c=1.17,CHCl3)。c)(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自3.6.b(R=H,L=OBros,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)得到产率为81%。IR(薄膜):3287,2934,1732,1457,1281,1017厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ3.73(2H,m),3.72(3H,s),2.53(1H,dddd,J=12.2,12.2,3.4,3.4Hz),2.26(1H,d,J=11.3Hz),2.17(2H,d,J=11.7Hz),1.30(2H,ddd,J=12.0,12.0,12.0Hz),1.23(1H,ddd,J=11.4,11.4,11.4Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):394(M+,1),337(31),259(5),199(55),153(48),107(100),79(52);[α]D 25:+31.97(c=1.71,CHCl3)。实施例18:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)。
如I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述,自I.f.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),获得(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.f.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH),产率为98%。IR(薄膜):3332,2931,1428,1111,1008,822,702厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.62(4H,dd,J=7.9,1.5Hz),7.39(6H,m),4.37(1H,t,J=6.27Hz),3.57(2H,s),1.90-2.02(3H,m),1.80(1H,d,J=13.8Hz),1.21(1H,t,J=4.1Hz),1.15(1H,m),1.03(9H,s),0.60(1H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):365(M+-1,1),291(6),231(17),199(100),181(17),139(28),93(79),79(16);[α]D 25:+5.56(c=1.5,CHCl3)。实施例19:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)。
如I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)所述,从I.f.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)得到产率为96%。IR(薄膜):2956,1704,1590,1472,1428,1112,1072,822,702厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ8.85(1H,s),7.61(4H,m),7.43(2H,dt,J=7.0,1.0Hz),7.37(4H,dt,J=7.0,1.0Hz),4.40(1H,t,J=6.0Hz),2.39(1H,dd,J=14,6.0Hz),1.89(1H,d,J=13.0Hz),1.86(1H,d,J=14.0Hz),1.53(1H,m),1.04(9H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:+34.4(c=1.6,CHCl3)。实施例20:(2S,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-乙炔基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.7(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=C=CH)。
如I.b.7(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=C=CH)所述,始于I.f.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO),得到产率为88%。IR(薄膜):3310(s),3071,2931,2857,2113,1590,1472,1428,1378,1362,1299,1262,1234,1198,1113,1026,933,913,865,822,701厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.60(4H,m),7.42(2H,td,J=2,8Hz),7.37(4H,td,J=1,8Hz),4.32(1H,m),2.06(2H,m),2.04(1H,dt,J=6,14Hz),1.90(1H,s),1.80(1H,d,J=14Hz),1.65(1H,dt,J=5,10Hz),1.49(1H,t,J=5Hz),1.03(9H,s),1.03(1H,m);[α]D 25:+21.4(c=1.2,CHCl3)。实施例21:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1R,3S,5R)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.3.b(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3),得到产率为91%。IR(薄膜):2932,2857,1736,1428,1364,1177,1107,929,822,703,665厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.69(2H,d,J=8.3Hz),7.57(4H,dm,J=7Hz),7.44(2H,q,J=7Hz),7.36(4H,t,J=8Hz),7.28(2H,d,J=8.4Hz),4.16(1H,tt,J=4,12Hz),3.63(3H,s),3.46(1H,tt,J=4,11Hz),2.43(3H,s),2.13(1H,dm,J=12Hz),1.00(9H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:-3.07(c=1.04,CHCl3)。b)(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,自2.3.b(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)得到产率为75%。IR(薄膜):2932,2857,1723,1589,1472,1428,1297,1148,1112,1088,702厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.61(4H,dd,J=1,7Hz),7.42(2H,t,J=7Hz),7.37(4H,t,J=7Hz),4.36(1H,t,6.1Hz),3.63(3H,s),2.37(1H,ddd,J=1,6.4,14Hz),1.99(1H,d,J=14Hz),1.96(1H,dd,J=6,14Hz),1.87(1H,dt,J=5,9Hz),1.82(1H,d,J=14Hz),1.63(1H,dd,J=4,5Hz),1.50(1H,dm,J=9Hz),1.03(9H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:-30.8(c=0.46,CHCl3)。实施例22:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)。
如I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述,自I.a.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),得到定量产率。IR(薄膜):3346,2930,1589,1472,1428,1111,1092,1076,1031,822,701厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.26(4H,dd,J=1,7Hz),7.41(2H,t,J=7Hz),7.36(4H,t,J=7Hz),4.38(1H,t,J=6.3Hz),3.57(2H,s),2.00(1H,dd,J=6,13Hz),1.95(1H,dd,J=7,14Hz),1.92(1H,d,J=14Hz),1.80(1H,dd,J=14Hz),1.22(2H,m),1.15(1H,m),1.04(9H,s),0.60(1H,m)ppm;[α]D 25:-5.6(c=1.7,CHCl3)。实施例23:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)。
如I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)所述,始于I.a.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH),得到产率为93%。IR(薄膜):2931,1701,1589,1472,1196,1008,822,702厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ8.85(1H,s),7.61(4H,m),7.43(2H,t,J=7Hz),7.37(4H,t,J=7Hz),4.41(1H,t,J=6Hz),2.39(1H,dd,J=6,14Hz),1.04(9H,s)ppm;[α]D 25:-35.3(c=1.6,CHCl3)。实施例24:(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1S,3S,5S)-3-叔-丁基二苯基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.13.b(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.12(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(4.8克,14.63毫摩尔),得到产率为90%。IR(薄膜):2954,1731,1272,1176,1107,945,813,713,664厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.53-7.25(14H,m),4.84(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),2.95(1H,dt,J=3.3,12.7Hz),2.45(3H,s),2.37(1H,d,J=12.4Hz),1.84(1H,d,J=12.7Hz),1.60(1H,m),1.29(3H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):566(M+),477,431,399,353,283,225,198,139,91(基峰);[α]D 25:+7.82(c=1.31,CHCl3)。b)(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酯基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.b.1(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.13.b(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(7.3克,12.89毫摩尔),产率为79%。IR(薄膜):2952,2858,1723,1428,1370,1219,1112,823,741,702厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.66-7.38(10H,m),3.89(1H,m),3.65(3H,s),2.12(1H,m),1.92(2H,m),1.77(1H,m),1.14(2H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.45(1H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):394(M+),393(M+-1),363,351,337,296,259,213(基峰),183,135,105,77。[α]D 25:+72.58(c=1.08,CHCl3)。实施例25:(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-(羟甲基)-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)。
如I.b.2(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CH2OH)所述,始于I.h.4(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为98%。IR(薄膜):3327,2929,2856,1470,1426,1279,1112,1087,1030,822,739,700厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.65-7.35(10H,m),3.97(1H,ddd,J=7.0,7.2,7.0Hz),3.55(2H,bs),2.04(1H,m),1.93(1H,m),1.87(2H,m),1.39(1H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.45(1H,m),0.13(1H,m)ppm;MS(m/z):365(M+-1),322,281,237,189(基峰),181,139,99,77;[α]D 25:+24.77(c=1.18,CHCl3)。实施例26:(2R,3aR,4aR)-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.h.6(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)。
如针对I.b.3(R=H,P=TBDMS,A=CHO)所述,始于I.h.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)。IR(薄膜):2931,2857,1708,1472,1388,1362,1200,1113,1093,1036,901,823,742,612厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ8.87(1H,s),7.65-7.35(10H,m),3.98(1H,m),2.29(1H,dd,J=12.9,8.1Hz),2.01(2H,m),1.89(2H,m),1.22(1H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.74(1H,t,J=5.4Hz)ppm;MS(m/z):365(M++1),332,307(基峰),289,277,263,229,211,199,181,151,139,121,91,77,57,41;[α]D 25:+91.49(c=0.47,CHCl3)。实施例27:(1R,2S,3aS,4aS)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-叔-丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧-4-甲基-5-乙酰氧基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.1.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
将TBDPSCl(1.8毫升,7.04毫摩尔,98%)逐滴加入溶于无水DMF(15毫升)的2′B(R=Me,A=COOCH3)(0.81克,3.52毫摩尔)、咪唑(0.72克,10.57毫摩尔,99%)和DMAP(4-二甲基氨基吡啶;22毫克)的搅拌溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物20小时。完成后,将该反应溶液倾入水-EtOAc(80毫升)中分离有机层,然后用EtOAc(50毫升×3)萃取水层。合并的有机层用盐水(3×10毫升)清洗,用MgSO4干燥,并浓缩,得残余物。残余物用HPLC(异辛烷/EtOAc9∶1z)纯化,得2.1.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(1.34克,84%)。[α]D:+9.9(CHCl3,c=0.65)1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.65-7.35(10H,m),4.59(1H,dt,J=12.4,4.5Hz),3.72(1H,m),3.62(3H,s),2.26(1H,m),2.09(1H,m),2.02(3H,s),1.81(1H,dt,J=12.6,4.1Hz),1.61(1H,m),1.08(10H,s),1.05(3H,d,J=6.4Hz)。IR(薄膜):2954,1737,1428,1364,1239,1111,1037,822,740,702厘米-1;MS(m/z):411(M+-57),369,351,317,291,259,258,241,199,181,135,121,93,43(基峰)。b)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-5-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-4-甲基-5-羟氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
将无水的K2CO3(30毫克)加到室温下溶于10毫升无水MeOH中的2.1.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(392毫克,0.992毫摩尔)的搅拌悬浮液中。10分钟后,添加第二部分的K2CO3(19毫克)(总计:49毫克,0.496毫摩尔)。搅拌该混合物6小时,然后将其倾入水和Et2O(70毫升:50毫升)中分离有机层,并用Et2O(50毫升×3)萃取水层,以及用MgSO4干燥。于硅胶(异辛烷/EtOAc 9∶1)上进行快速层析加以分离,得无色油的羟基化合物2.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(344毫克,98%)。IR(薄膜):3448,2954,2858,1737,1654,1472,1362,1279,1240,1173,1008,852,822,795,741,702,611厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.65(4H,m),7.44(2H,m),7.37(4H,m),3.69(1H,m),3.64(3H,s),3.51(1H,m),2.16(1H,m),2.08(1H,m),1.77(1H,dt,J=12.6,4.1Hz),1.69(2H,t,J=8.9Hz),1.56(1H,q,J=12.4Hz),1.37(1H,d,J=5.3Hz),1.06(9H,s),1.02(3H,d,J=7.0Hz)。MS(m/z):337(7),309(5),291(35),199(100),156(85),181(17),153(34),121(23),93(68),57(47)。[α]D 25:+33.0(c=0.54,CHCl3)。c)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-4-甲基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.3.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
将Et3N(308微升,2.54毫摩尔)加到0℃下溶于10毫升无水CH2Cl2中的2.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDMS,A=COOCH3)(279毫克,0.828毫摩尔)、对-甲苯磺酰氯(323毫克,1.69毫摩尔,98%),DMAP(5.1毫克,0.042毫摩尔)的混合物中。回流该混合物3天;然后添加对-甲苯磺酰氯(320毫克,1.69毫摩尔,98%)、DMAP(5.1毫克,0.042毫摩尔)和Et3N(500微升)。回流所得溶液2天,再添加对-甲苯磺酰氯(320毫克,1.69毫摩尔,98%)、DMAP(5.10毫克,0.042毫摩尔)和Et3N(500微升),并持续再回流一天。所得混合物用20毫升的CH2Cl2稀释,用盐水清洗,并且水层用EtOAc(4×50毫升)萃取。合并的有机相以MgSO4干燥。过滤溶剂,于硅胶(异辛烷/EtOAc 9∶1)上浓缩并进行快速层析,得淡黄色油的2.3.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(316毫克,83.5%)。IR(薄膜):2954,2858,1737,1365,1246,1177,1106,955,704,667厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.71(2H,d,J=8.3Hz),7.58(4H,m),7.43(2H,m),7.37(4H,m),7.31(2H,d,J=8.1Hz),4.27(1H,dt,J=12.0,4.7Hz),3.61(3H,s),3.57(1H,ddd,J=10.6,5.1,4.6Hz),2.45(3H,s),2.17(1H,m),2.01(1H,m),1.81(1H,dt,J=12.8,4.2Hz),1.74(1H,dd,J=12.6Hz),1.64(2H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.99(3H,d,J=6.6Hz)。MS(m/z):523(25),507(1),463(1),409(3),353(94),307(20),293(18),213(30),199(32),135(35),91(100),77(30)。[α]D 25:-10.0(c=1.22,CHCl3)d)(1R,2S,3aS,4aS)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
将叔-BuOK(540微升,0.54毫摩尔,叔-BuOH中1M的溶液)逐滴添加于45℃下,溶于叔-BuOH(5毫升)和THF(2.8毫升)的甲苯磺酸盐2.3.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)(240毫克,0.415毫摩尔)的溶液中。45℃下搅拌该混合物1.5小时,然后将其倾入水和EtOAc(100毫升:50毫升)中。分离有机相,水层用EtOAc(3×50毫升)萃取,并以MgSO4干燥。残余物利用快速层析术(异辛烷/EtOAc 100∶2)分离,得无色油的化合物I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(122毫克,72.0%)。IR(薄膜):2931,1724,1428,1288,1224,1147,1111,1073,1015,933,822,740,702,609厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.61(14H,m),7.42(2H,m),7.36(4H,t,J=7.2Hz),4.19(1H,t,J=6.0Hz),3.62(3H,s),2.30(2H,m),1.97(1H,d,J=14.2Hz),1.85(1H,m),1.64(1H,t,J=4.6Hz),1.35(1H,dd,J=8.7,3.9Hz),1.09(9H,s),0.99(3H,d,J=6.9Hz)。MS(m/z):[α]D 25:-13.2(c=1.61,CHCl3)实施例28:(1R,2S,3aS,4aS)-3a-羟甲基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)。
将LiAlH4(0.85毫升,0.84毫摩尔,THF中1M的溶液)逐滴添加于0℃下溶于THF(15毫升)中的I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(136毫克,0.33毫摩尔)的溶液中。于此温度下搅拌所得混合物1.5小时,然后添加水(0.1毫升)。所得混合物经过硅藻土过滤并浓缩。残余物用快速层析(硅胶:异辛烷/EtOAc 7∶3)纯化,得无色油的I.a.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)(124毫克,97.8%)。IR(薄膜):3420,2930,1427,1111,1078,1014,701,611,504厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.63(4H,m),7.42(2H,m),7.36(4H,m),4.21(1H,t,J=6.0Hz),3.54(1H,dd,J=11.4,5.6Hz),3.50(1H,dd,J=11.4,5.6Hz),2.29(1H,m),1.95(1H,ddd,J=13.7,6.0,1.4Hz),1.23(1H,t,J=4.12Hz),1.14(1H,m),1.08(9H,s),0.99(3H,d,J=7.0Hz),0.41(1H,dd,J=8.4,4.3Hz),0.80(1H,m)。MS(m/z):381(M++1,1),363(22),337(1),323(22),305(5),285(9),267(24),245(63),225(19),199(83),179(19),153(29),139(51),107(100),91(58),79(72),57(86),41(78)。[α]D 25:-2.6(c=0.69,CHCl3)实施例29:(1R,2S,3aS,4aS)-3a-甲酰基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.9(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)
将溶于CH2Cl2(100微升)中的DMSO(32微升,0.42毫摩尔)逐滴添加于-78℃,溶于CH2Cl2(1.5毫升)的(COCl)2(18微升,0.21毫摩尔)的溶液中。-78℃下搅拌该混合物20分钟,接着添加溶于CH2Cl2(1.5毫升)中的醇I.a.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)(40毫克,0.105毫摩尔)。于-78℃下搅拌所得白色悬浮液20分钟。然后历时1小时将混合物温热至室温。反应藉添加冷水而骤冷,并分离有机相,水层用Et2O(3×50毫升)萃取,并以MgSO4干燥。残余物利用HPLC(己烷/EtOAc 95∶5)分离,得无色油的化合物I.a.9(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)(30毫克,75%)。IR(薄膜):3420,2930,1427,1111,1078,1014,701,611,504厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.80(1H,s),7.62(4H,m),7.42(6H,m),4.24(1H,t,J=5.8Hz),2.32(1H,dd,J=14.4,6.1Hz),1.96(2H,m),1.84(1H,d,J=14.4Hz),1.36(1H,m),1.08(9H,s),1.00(3H,d,J=7.0Hz),0.91(1H,d,J=6.8Hz)。MS(m/z):378(M+,1),361(4),321(100),303(10),285(10),267(24),263(16),243(74),225(39),199(100),183(76),165(39),139(72),135(48),105(59),91(34),77(60),57(95),41(80)。[α]D 25:-1 6.2(c=0.59,CHCl3)实施例30:(1S,2R,3aR,4aR)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-4-甲基-5-乙酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.4.c(R=Me,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)。
如2.3.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2′B(R=Me,Z=Me,A=COOCH3)(1.05克,4.57毫摩尔),产率为1.51克,89%。IR(薄膜):2954,1736,1557,1363,1342,1189,1025,956,919,667厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.69(2H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.38(2H,d,J=7.2Hz),4.74(1H,dt,J=12.2,4.5Hz),4.49(1H,dt,J=12.1,4.7Hz),3.69(3H,s),2.46(3H,s),2.02(3H,s),1.98(1H,dt,J=12.1,4.7Hz),1.93(1H,dt,J=12.6,4.6Hz),1.81(2H,dd,J=12.8Hz),1.63(2H,dd,J=12.6Hz),0.97(3H,d,J=6.9Hz)。MS(m/z):384(M+),343,326,311,300,269,258,213,170,152,111,93,43(基峰)。[α]D 25:+51.1(c=0.59,CHCl3)b)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-4-甲基-5-羟氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.5.c(R=Me,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)
如2.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.4.c(R=Me,L=OTos,A=COOCH3),产率为90%。IR(薄膜):3439,2988,1732,1439,1353,1176,1097,1021,945,667厘米-11H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.78(2H,d,J=7.2Hz),7.32(2H,d,J=7.2Hz),4.52(1H,dt,J=10.8,4.7Hz),3.69(1H,m),3.68(3H,s),2.45(3H,s),2.34(1H,m),2.25(1H,m),1.94(2H,m),1.87(1H,dt,J=13.2,4.5Hz),1.75(1H,bs),1.66(1H,dd,J=11.9Hz),0.91(3H,d,J=7.0Hz)。MS(m/z):340(M+-2),295,278,247,220,194,170,155,127(基峰),91,87,57。[α]D 25:+18.8(c=0.41,CHCl3)。c)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-甲苯磺酰基氧-4-甲基-5-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.6.c(R=Me,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如2.1.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.5.c(R.=Me,L=OTos,A=COOCH3),产率为86%。IR(薄膜):2955,1736,1598,1427,1363,1177,1031,955,914,863,820,741,703,667厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.69-7.38(14H,m),4.27(1H,dt,J=12.1,4.8Hz),3.61(3H,s),3.56(1H,m),2.44(3H,s),2.17(1H,m),2.02(1H,m),1.83(1H,dt,J=12.5,4.3Hz),1.73(1H,dd,J=12.7Hz),1.63(2H,m),1.01(9H,s),0.99(3H,d,J=7.2Hz)。MS(m/z):523(M+-57),463,403,353,351,293,227,213,135,91(基峰),77。[α]D 25:-2.6(c=0.94,CHCl3)d)(1S,2R,3aR,4aR)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.6.c(R=Me,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),获得一无色油,产率为68%的标题化合物。IR(薄膜):2931,2857,1724,1428,1367,1288,1223,1147,1111,1073,1015,934,822,740,702,609厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.62-7.31(10H,m),4.19(1H,t,J=5.9Hz),3.59(3H,s),2.31(2H,dd,J=13.7,6.3Hz),1.96(1H,d,J=14.5Hz),1.84(1H,m),1.64(1H,t,J=4.6Hz),1.35(1H,dd,J=12.8,5.0Hz),1.25(1H,br.),1.07(9H,s),0.99(3H,d,J=6.9Hz),0.91(1H,m)。MS(m/z):408(M+),351,323,273,213,199,153,121(基峰),77。[α]D 25:+13.9(c=0.65,CHCl3)实施例31:(1S,2R,3aR,4aR)-3a-羟甲基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.9(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)
如I.a.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)所述,始于I.f.8(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为98%。IR(薄膜):3324,2929,2857,1654,1471,1427,1363,1194,1107,1078,1011,822,740,701,610厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.68-7.37(10H,m),4.21(1H,t,J=6.0Hz),3.54(1H,dd,J=11.4,6.0Hz),3.52(1H,dd,J=11.4,6.0Hz),2.29(1H,dd,J=11.3,8.1Hz),1.94(1H,dd,J=14.6,5.9Hz),1.86(1H,d,J=13.2Hz),1.23(1H,t,J=4.1Hz),1.14(1H,m),1.07(9H,s),0.99(3H,d,J=6.9Hz),0.89(1H,m),0.41(dd,J=8.1,4.3Hz)。MS(m/z):323(M+-57),305,267,245,199,181,139,107。[α]D 25:+3.1(c=0.93,CH3Cl)实施例32:(1S,2R,3aR,4aR)-3a-甲酰基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.f.10(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)
如I.a.9(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CHO)所述,始于I.f.9(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH),产率为28%。[α]D 25:+15.8(c=0.41,CH3Cl)1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.80(1H,s),7.61-7.35(10H,m),4.24(1H,t,J=5.8Hz),2.31(2H,m),1.96(1H,m,dd,J=8.1,5.9Hz),1.84(1H,d,J=14.3Hz),1.37(1H,dd,J=11.0,7.1Hz),1.26(1H,dd,J=9.7,4.6Hz),1.07(9H,s),1.04(3H,t,J=6.9Hz)。IR(薄膜):2959,2857,1703,1471,1391,1383,1274,1215,1191,1111,1109,1009,963,823,701厘米-1。MS(m/z):377(M+-1,5),337(75),321(M+-57,8),319(10),309(10),293(6),259(12),231(20),215(16),199(100),181(30),153(20),139(60),121(95)。实施例33:(1R,2S,3aS,4aS)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-乙基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.a.10(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-4-乙基-5-乙酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:2.1.d(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)
如3.4.c所述,始于2′C(R=Et,Z=Me,A=COOCH3),产率为92%。[α]D 25:+7.5(c=O.59,CH3Cl)1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.45-7.36(10H,m),4.62(1H,dt,J=12.2,4.4Hz),3.69(1H,dt,J=11.5,4.3Hz),3.61(3H,s),2.08(2H,tt,J=8.8,3.9Hz),2.01(3H,s),1.85(2H,m),1.60(3H,m),1.51(1H,m),1.06(9H,s),1.02(3H,t,J=7.5Hz)。IR(薄膜):2954,2848,1739,1462,1428,1364,1238,1194,1178,1110,1034,986,812,740,702厘米-1。MS(m/z):482(M+,2),468(5),45 1(7),425(M+-57),391(1),365(80),351(25),305(15),273(20),241(100),213(88),199(92),153(56),135(75),107(85)。b)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-4-乙基-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯2.2.d(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)
如2.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2.1.d(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为98%。[α]D 25:+28.7(c=0.19,CH3Cl)1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.68(10H,m),3.68(1H,dt,J=8.2,4.2Hz),3.62(3H,s),3.57(1H,dt,J=11.1,4.6Hz),2.07(1H,m),1.85(1H,t,J=4.1Hz),1.77(1H,dt,J=8.6,4.0Hz),1.71(1H,tt,J=11.0,4.0Hz),1.64(2H,t,J=9.0),1.59(1H,overlap),1.52(1H,bs),1.45(1H,m),1.06(9H,s),1.05(3H,t,J=7.5)。IR(薄膜):3435,2995,2858,1736,1589,1460,1427,1363,1271,1236,1172,1111,1050,915,875,823,740,702,647厘米-1。MS(m/z):383(M+-57,14),351(16),323(18),305(90),273(18),253(10),227(50),199(100),183(70),153(80),107(98)。c)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-4-乙基-5-甲苯磺酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯2.3.d(R=Et,P=TBDPS,L=Otos,A=COOCH3)
如2.3.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2.2.d(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为82%。[α]D 25:-17.9(c=0.59,CH3Cl)1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.72-7.30(14H,m),4.28(1H,dt,J=12.5,4.5Hz),3.59(3H,s),3.55(1H,dt,J=11.4,4.3Hz),2.45(3H,s),1.96(1H,tt,J=8.5,4.1Hz),1.91(1H,t,J=4.2Hz),1.84(1H,dt,J=8.5,4.1Hz),1.77(1H,m),1.73(1H,m),1.53(2H,m),1.47(1H,m),1.02(9H,s),0.97(3H,t,J=7.5Hz)。IR(薄膜):2957,2858,1738,1598,1487,1462,1428,1360,1277,1189,1111,1030,953,885,822,741,704厘米-1。MS(m/z):357(M+-57,45),353(100),293(22),227(5),199(48),135(70)。d)(1R,2S,3aS,4aS)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-乙基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.a.10(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)
如I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于2.3.d(R=Et,P=TBDPS,L=OTos,A=COOCH3),产率为71%。[α]D 25:-33.3(c=0.27,CH3Cl)1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.63-7.35(10H,m),4.18(1H,t,J=5.9Hz),3.61(3H,s),2.26(1H,m),2.06(1H,m),1.98(1H,d,J=14.3Hz),1.92(1H,m),1.67(1H,t,J=4.3Hz),1.48(2H,m),1.36(1H,dd,J=8.7,3.9Hz),1.05(9H,s),0.89(3H,J=7.4Hz)。IR(薄膜):2958,1723,1427,1366,1298,1224,1148,1111,1064,1028,926,821,740,610,507厘米-1。MS(m/z):422(M+,2),391(4),365(M+-57,40),337(8),287(12),259(10),225(8),199(65),135(100),105(38)。实施例34:(1S,2R,3aR,4aR)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-乙基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.f.11(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)a)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-甲磺酰基氧-4-乙基-5-乙酰基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.4.d(R=Et,L=OMs,A=COOCH3)。
室温下,将MsCl(96微升,1.23毫摩尔)逐滴加入溶于5毫升中的CH2Cl2的单乙酸酯2′C(A=COOCH3,R=Et,Z=Me)(0.1克,0.41毫摩尔)、Et3N(0.30毫升,2.10毫摩尔)的溶液中。室温下搅拌该所得混合物10小时,将该反应溶液倾入冰-水中,用AcOEt(3×50毫升)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(3×5毫升)清洗,以MgSO4干燥,并浓缩,得残余物。残余物经HPLC,用异辛烷/EtOAc(90∶10)洗脱加以纯化,得甲磺酰基化的3.4.d(A=COOCH3,R=Et,L=OMs)(0.11克,85%)。IR(薄膜):2954,1737,1641,1357,1241,1175,952厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):4.87(1H,dt,J=10.9,4.2Hz),4.75(1H,dt,J=4.5,10.9Hz),3.69(3H,s),3.00(3H,s),2.48(1H,m),2.23(1H,bs),2.13(1H,dt,J=4.2,11.8Hz),2.05(3H,s),2.01(1H,d,J=8.8Hz),1.96(1H,dt,J=13.3,4.5Hz),1.83(1H,m),1.58(2H,m),1.01(3H,s)。MS(m/z):322(M+),309,291,248,227,199,166,135,107,78,43(基峰)。[α]D 25:+2.6(c=1.08,CHCl3)b)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-甲磺酰基氧-4-乙基-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯3.5.d(A=COOCH3,R=Et,L=OMs)
如2.5.a(R=H,L=OTos,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.4.d(R=Et,L=OMs,A=COOCH3),产率为90%。IR(薄膜):3439,2957,1729,1438,1351,1277,1174,944,877,838,757,530厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):4.87(1H,t,J=3.1Hz),3.91(1H,t,J=2.9Hz),3.74(3H,s),3.00(3H,s),2.69(1H,bs),2.44(1H,bs),2.17(1H,bs),2.00(2H,m),1.84(2H,dt,J=14.3,4.7Hz),1.71(2H,m),1.03(3H,t,J=7.4Hz)。MS(m/z):281(M++1),263,249,236,200,184,166,141,125,111,87,78,55(基峰)。[α]D 25:+51.3(c=0.61,CHCl3)c)(1S,3S,4R,5R)-3-甲磺酰基氧-4-乙基-5-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-环己烷羧酸甲酯3.6.d(R=Et,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)
如2.8.a(R=H,L=OTos,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.5.d(R=Et,L=OMs,A=COOCH3),产率为86%。IR(薄膜):2957,2857,1738,1588,1462,1427,1358,1276,1177,1111,1030,949,885,823,741,703,614厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.65-7.35(10H,m),4.44(1H,dt,J=12.2,4.6Hz),3.67(1H,dt,J=11.6,4.2Hz),3.63(3H,s),2.79(3H,s),2.09(1H,dt,J=12.9,3.9Hz),2.06(1H,m),2.02(2H,m),1.85(1H,m),1.79(1H,dd,J=12.8Hz),1.65(1H,dt,J=13.1,4.0Hz),1.49(1H,m),1.06(9H,s),1.04(3H,t,J=7.5Hz)。MS(m/z):461(M+-57),401,365,351,305,277,231,199,167,135,107(基峰)。[α]D 25:-2.3(c=0.35,CHCl3)d)(1S,2R,3aR,4aR)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-乙基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.f.11(R=Et,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
如I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.6.d(R=Et,L=OMs,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为71%。IR(薄膜):2958,1723,1427,1366,1298,1224,1148,1111,1064,1028,926,821,740,610,507厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.63-7.35(10H,m),4.18(1H,t,J=5.9Hz),3.61(3H,s),2.26(1H,m),2.06(1H,m),1.98(1H,d,J=14.3Hz),1.92(1H,m),1.67(1H,t,J=4.3Hz),1.48(2H,m),1.36(1H,dd,J=8.7,3.9Hz),1.05(9H,s),0.89(3H,J=7.4Hz)。MS(m/z):422(M+,2),391(4),365(M+-57,40),337(8),287(12),259(10),225(8),199(65),135(100),105(38)。[α]D 25:+28.4(c=0.75,CHCl3)实施例35:(1R,2S,3aS,4aR)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.e.1(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。a)(1S,3S,4R,5S)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-4-甲基-5-羟基-环己烷羧酸甲酯3.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)。
历时4分钟,将DIAD(偶氮二羧酸二异丙酯;412微升,2.092毫摩尔)逐滴加入-38℃下溶于THF的2.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(167毫克,0.392毫摩尔),20吡啶甲酸(257毫克,2.092毫摩尔)和三苯基膦(548毫克,2.092毫摩尔)的溶液中。搅拌所得溶液4.5小时,并隔夜温热至室温。将混合物倾入水和EtOAc(50毫升:50毫升)中。分离有机相,用EtOAc(3×50毫升)萃取水层,以MgSO4干燥。残余物经HPLC(异辛烷/EtOAc 98∶2)分离,得无色油的(4S,6S)-4-羧甲氧基-6-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基环己烯(142毫克,88.8%)。IR(薄膜):2953,2856,1738,1428,1247,1168,1111,1068,999,893,820,741,702,614厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.71(4H,m),7.43(2H,m),7.38(4H,m),5.39(1H,m),4.25(1H,bs),3.60(3H,s),2.39(1H,m),2.19(1H,m),2.13(1H,m),2.04(1H,m),1.75(1H,dd,J=22.3,12.5Hz),1.66(3H,bs),1.08(9H,s)。MS(m/z):387(1),361(1),351(75),319(5),273(5),273(5),213(100),183(70),137(65),105(30),77(85)。[α]D 25:+81.9(c=1.91,CHCl3)
将甲硼烷-THF络合物溶液(1.0M,325微升,0.325毫摩尔,1.5当量)逐滴加入0℃下溶于2毫升的双(2-甲氧乙)醚的该环己烯(110毫克,0.27毫摩尔)的搅拌溶液中。0℃下搅拌所得溶液4小时,移除THF,并添加TAO(三甲胺N-氧化物,90毫克,0.81毫摩尔)。加热并回流该混合物2小时。冷却所得混合物至室温,用EtOAc(4×40毫升)萃取,并以MgSO4干燥。残余物于硅胶上进行快速层析予以分离,然后以HPLC(环己烯/EtOAc 9∶1)纯化,得无色油的3.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)(46克,40.5%)。IR(薄膜,厘米-1):3453,2954,2858,1737,1462,1428,1379,1272,1195,1111,1032,934,823,702。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.66(4H,m),7.42(2H,m),7.38(4H,m),4.17(1H,dt,J=10.7,4.7Hz),3.88(1H,bs),3.62(3H,s),2.61(1H,m),1.85-1.65(5H,m),1.06(9H,s),0.96(3H,d,J=7.2Hz)。[α]D 25:+39.4(c=0.95,CHCl3)b)(1S,3S,4R,5S)-3-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-5-甲磺酰基-4-甲基-环己烷羧酸甲酯:3.3.c(R=Me,L=OMs,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)
如3.4.d(R=Et,L=OMs,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.2.c(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为84.5%。IR(薄膜):2952,1732,1470,1427,1357,1275,1177,1112,1029,929,904厘米- 1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.65(4H,t,J=8.0Hz),7.40(6H,m),4.80(1H,bs),4.06(1H,m),3.65(3H,s),2.70(3H,s),2.58(1H,m),2.04(1H,bs),1.98-1.76(4H,m),1.06(9H,s),1.03(3H,d,J=7.2Hz)。[α]D 25:+30.3(c=0.52,CHCl3)c)(1R,2S,3aR,4aR)-3a-甲酯基-2-叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧-1-甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.e.1(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)
如I.a.7(R=Me,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3)所述,始于3.3.c(R=Me,L=OMs,P=TBDPS,A=COOCH3),产率为68.8%。IR(薄膜):2951,1725,1428,1259,1238,1111,880,814,742,702厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.63(4H,m),7.45-7.35(6H,m),3.84(1H,m),3.64(3H,s),2.23(1H,m),2.02(1H,m),1.93(1H,m),1.60(1H,m),1.17(1H,m),1.04(12H,bs),0.56(1H,m)。实施例36:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-甲基-2-羟基-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷:I.i.1(A=CH2OH,R1=Me:流程4)a)(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-羟基-3a-[(酰基氧)甲基]-双环[3.1.0]己烷:4.1
将苯甲酰氯逐滴加到0℃下溶于CH2Cl2(50毫升)的I.a.5(R=H,P=TBDPS,A=CH2OH)(4.451克,12.15毫摩尔)、DMAP(250毫克,2.27毫摩尔)和Et3N(16.5毫升,121.1毫摩尔)的溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物22小时,并用70毫升的CH2Cl2稀释该溶液。分离有机相,用盐水(3×100毫升)清洗,并以MgSO4干燥。残余物利用快速层析(硅胶,异辛烷/EtOAc:100∶2.5)纯化,得无色油的对应苯甲酸酯(5.51克,96.5%)。将TBAF(14毫升,14毫摩尔,THF中1M)逐滴加到溶于THF(40毫升)中的该苯甲酸酯(2.22克,4.72毫摩尔)的溶液中,并于室温下搅拌所得溶液14小时。真空下蒸发溶剂。使残余物通过短的硅胶柱(异辛烷/EtOAc:7∶3)。粗产物经HPLC(异辛烷/EtOAc:7∶3)纯化,得无色油的化合物4.1(1.03克,94.0%)。IR(薄膜):3413.8,2928.3,1714.1,1602.1,1452.1,1277.5,1115.1,1070.0,958.3,808.3,711.5厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.06(2H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.56(1H,t,J=7.3Hz),7.45(1H,t,J=7.7Hz),4.48(1H,m),4.34(2H,dd,J=19.4,11.5Hz),2.23(2H,m),1.94(1H,d,J=14.0Hz),1.78(1H,d,J=14.2Hz),1.38(1H,ddd,J=8.3,4.3,4.3Hz),1.30(1H,bs),1.06(1H,t,J=4.4Hz),0.75(1H,m)MS(m/z):232(M+,1),214(1),199(1),189(1),161(1),149(1),127(1),110(13),105(100),77(43),67(14)。[α]D 25:-27.96(c=1.47,CHCl3)。b)(3aS,4aS)-3a-[(苯甲酰基)甲基]-双环[3.1.0]己烷-2-酮:4.2
将二铬酸酯吡啶鎓(PDC,1.072克,4.97毫摩尔)加入溶于CH2Cl2(30毫升)中的醇4.1(209毫克,0.904毫摩尔)的溶液中,并于室温下搅拌该混合物16小时。所得溶液直接经快速层析(硅胶管柱3×15厘米)(异辛烷/EtOAc:9∶1至8∶2)纯化,得无色油的化合物4.2(197毫克,95%)。IR(薄膜):1745.0,1715.9,1451.2,1355.4,1272.1,1155.7,1111.3,1069.9,711.0厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.05(2H,d,J=8.9Hz),7.58(1H,t,J=7.4Hz),7.46(2H,t,J=7.6Hz),4.41(2H,dd,J=29.6,12.7Hz),2.75(2H,m),2.41(1H,d,J=9.0Hz),2.28(1H,d,J=9.3Hz),1.68(1H,m),1.10(1H,t,J=7.0Hz),0.37(1H,t,J=5.1Hz)。MS(m/z):230(M+,1),212(1),202(6.9),183(1),161(1),149(1),125(1),106(13),105(100),77(46),51(20)。[α]D 25:-36.50(c=4.07,CHCl3)c)(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-甲基-2-羟基-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.i.1(R1=Me,A=CH2OH)
-78℃下,历时5分钟将溶于Et2O(1.5毫升,3.0M)中的MeMgBr溶液逐滴加入溶于THF(4毫升)中的酮4.2(120毫克,0.52毫摩尔)的溶液中。于此温度下搅拌该所得混合物6小时,然后使其隔夜温热至室温。添加饱和的NH4Cl含水-冰溶液(0.2毫升)以骤冷该反应。使该混合物通过一含MgSO4的短的硅胶柱。残余物经HPLC(异辛烷/EtOAc:5∶5)分离,得白色固体的化合物I.i.1(R1=Me,A=CH2OH)(55毫克,74%)。IR(薄膜):3288.4,2931.3,2858.5,1459.1,1370.2,1260.7,1183.9,1135.7,1111.5,1064.0,1016.0,922.6厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):3.58(2H,s),2.08(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),2.03(1H,dd,J=13.8,5.0Hz),1.88(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),1.76(1H,d,J=13.8Hz),1.34(3H,s),1.29(1H,bs),1.21(1H,m),1.14(1H,t,J=4.3Hz),1.11(1H,s),0.57(1H,dd,J=8.4,4.5Hz)。MS(m/z):124(2),109(6),93(12),81(12),71(10),67(10),55(11),43(100)。[α]D 25:-33.10(c=1.17,MeOH)实施例37:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-甲基-2-羟基-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.i.2(R1=Me,A=CHO)
-15℃下,将溶于DMSO:CH2Cl2(500微升:250微升)和Et3N(2.5当量,120微升)的I.i.1(R1=Me,A=CH2OH)(1当量,50毫克,35微摩尔)的溶液加入溶于DMSO:CH2Cl2(500微升:250微升)和Et3N(2.5当量,120微升)的SO3-吡啶络合物(2.5当量,140毫克)的溶液中。-10℃至-5℃下搅拌1小时后,将该混合物倾入Et2O:盐水中。有机层以(MgSO4)干燥。溶剂蒸发后,残余物利用柱层析(Et2O∶异辛烷1∶1至Et2O∶异辛烷∶甲醇:CH2Cl2100∶100∶1∶20)纯化,得无色油的I.i.2(R1=Me,A=CHO)(37毫克,75%)。IR(薄膜):3441,2929,1694,1435,1258,1105,1049,963,893厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.81(1H,s),2.47(1H,d,J=14Hz),2.03(2H,m),1.91(1H,t,J=5Hz),1.88(1H,d,J=13Hz),1.81(1H,d,J=14Hz),1.49(1H,ddt,J=9,5,1Hz),1.36(3H,s)。[α]D 25:-79.7(c=1.22,CHCl3)实施例38:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-乙基-2-羟基-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.i.3(A=CH2OH,R1=Et)(流程4)
如I.i.1(R1=Me,A=CH2OH)所述,始于4.2,产率为66.6%。IR(薄膜):3275.4,2921.3,2858.5,1431.8,1284.3,1237.3,1122.3,1068.0,1027.8,930.7厘米-1 1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):3.59(2H,d,J=5.6Hz),2.03(1H,d,J=13.6Hz),1.99(1H,dd,J=13.9,4.9Hz),1.83(1H,d,J=13.7Hz),1.72(1H,d,J=13.8Hz),1.55(2H,q,J=6.4),1.23(2H,m),1.16(1H,t,J=4.2Hz),1.04(1H,s),0.92(3H,t,7.4Hz),0.54(1H,dd,J=8.4,4.3Hz)。MS(m/z):138(2),123(4),109(12.9),97(2),91(6),79(20),72(6),67(12.9),57(100),43(8)。[α]D 25:-34.90(c=0.928,MeOH)实施例39:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-乙基-2-羟基-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.i.4(A=CHO,R1=Et)
如I.i.2(R1=Me,A=CHO)所述,始于I.i.3(R1=Et,A=CH2OH),产率为50%。IR(薄膜):3418,2966,1689,1114,1057,982,632厘米-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.80(1H,s),2.09(2H,m),1.92(1H,t,J=5.0Hz),1.83(1H,d,J=13.3Hz),1.69(1H,d,J=10.0Hz),1.57(2H,m),1.49(1H,m),1.15(1H,s),0.93(3H,t,J=7.4Hz)。[α]D 25:-68.1(c=0.30,CHCl3)实施例40:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-[(叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧)-甲基]-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.j.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)(流程4)a)(3aS,4aS)-2-亚甲基-3a-[(苯甲酰基氧)甲基]-双环[3.1.0]己烷4.3
历时10分钟,将TiCl4逐滴加入-78℃下溶于CH2Br2(2.02毫升)和THF(40毫升)的锌粉(5.75克)的搅拌悬浮液中。将该混合物温热至8℃,并于此温度下搅拌72小时,得该活性物种的粘稠的灰色浆液(Lombardo试剂)。
室温下将部分的Lombardo试剂加入溶于CH2Cl2(8毫升)的酮4.2(98毫克,0.426毫摩尔)溶液中,直到该酮消失为止(TLC)。该反应混合物用Et2O(40毫升)稀释,添加饱和的HaHCO3,并持续搅拌30分钟,获得两澄清相。水相以Et2O(3×25毫升)和CH2Cl2(2×25毫升)萃取,并以MgSO4干燥。残余物经快速层析(硅胶∶戊烷/醚:100∶1)纯化,得无色油的化合物4.3(66毫克,67.9%)。IR(薄膜):2925.8,1715.6,1451.5,1269.7,1111.0,1069.0,1026.1,741.9,710.7厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.07(2H,d,J=7.3Hz),7.56(1H,t,J=7.4Hz),7.45(2H,t,J=7.7Hz),4.81(2H,d,J=12.4Hz),4.38(2H,s),2.68(2H,m),2.43(1H,d,J=15.4Hz),2.28(1H,d,J=15.6Hz),1.36(1H,m),0.68(1H,t,J=6.5Hz),0.39(1H,t,J=4.5Hz)。MS(m/z):228(M+,1),213(1),199(1),181(2),169(1),141(1),123(5),105(100),91(88),77(57),65(7),51(20)。[α]D 25:-51.90(c=1.73,CHCl3)b)(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-[(叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧)-甲基]-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.j.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)和(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-[(叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧)-甲基]-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.k.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)
将BH3·THF加入-5℃下溶于THF(6毫升)的链烷烯4.3(49毫克,0.21毫摩尔)的溶液中,并于此温度下搅拌该反应混合物3.5小时。反应用饱和含水的NaHCO3(3.9毫升)和H2O2(30%)(3.9毫升)骤冷。将该反应溶液温热至室温,并搅拌1.5小时。然后用Et2O(2×20毫升)和EtOAc(2×20毫升)萃取该溶液。合并的有机层以MgSO4干燥并浓缩。使残余物通过短的硅胶柱,粗产物经HPLC(异辛烷/EtOAc:7∶3)纯化,得无色油的差相异构的羟基化产物的混合物(2R∶2S;比例,75∶25,39毫克,73.7%)。
0℃下将TBDPSCl逐滴加入溶于DMF(3毫升)中的该混合物(35毫克,0.142毫摩尔),咪唑(49毫克,0.720毫摩尔,5当量)和DMAP(7.8毫克,0.064毫摩尔,0.45当量)的溶液中,室温下搅拌该所得混合物19小时。将该反应溶液倾入Et2O/水(50毫升/40毫升)中,并用Et2O(3×20毫升)和EtOAc(2×20毫升)萃取水相。合并的有机层以MgSO4干燥并浓缩。残余物经快速层析(硅胶,异辛烷/EtOAc:100∶2)纯化,得无色油的对应的甲硅烷基醚(56毫克,81.3%)。
将K2CO3(50毫克,0.505毫摩尔)加入室温下溶于MeOH(6毫升,包括0.2毫升的H2O)中的该混合物(50毫克,0.106毫摩尔)的搅拌溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物20小时,滤出固体,用Et2O(50毫升)稀释滤液,用盐水(2×20毫升)清洗,并以MgSO4干燥,以及蒸发溶剂。残余物通过短的硅胶柱并经HPLC(异辛烷/EtOAc:75∶25)分离,得无色油的化合物I.J.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)(24毫克,61.8%)和I.k.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)(8毫克,20.4%)。MS(m/z):379(M+-1,1),305(1),275(2),229(2),199(47)181(7),107(100),79(53)。化合物I.j.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)IR(薄膜):3342.5,2930.3,2858.0,1471.8,1427.7,1389.8,1111.9,1008.2,823.7,739.7,701.6厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.64(4H,d,J=7.8Hz),7.45-7.35(6H,m),3.54(2H,dd,J=14.4,11.2Hz),3.41(2H,d,J=7.4Hz),2.61(1H,m),2.19-2.09(2H,m),1.64(1H,dd,J=13.5,4.8Hz),1.47(1H,dd,J=13.6,4.6Hz),1.26(1H,bs),1.18(1H,dt,J=8.6,4.3,4.3Hz),1.02(9H,s),0.62(1H,dd,J=8.4,4.7Hz),0.35(1H,t,J=4.4Hz)。[α]D 25:-13.05(c=1.40,CHCl3)化合物I.k.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)IR(薄膜):3342.5,2929.9,2856.7,1471.6,1427.7,1388.8,1111.9,1086.1,1031.5,1008.5,823.7,739.3,701.5厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):7.64(4H,d,J=6.7Hz),7.39(6H,m),3.64(1H,d,J=11.2Hz),3.57(3H,d,J=7.8Hz),1.97-1.87(2H,m),1.80(1H,dd,J=12.3,7.0Hz),1.56(2H,m),1.22(1H,m),1.15(1H,ddd,J=8.3,4.1,4.1Hz),1.02(9H,s),0.52(1H,t,J=4.3Hz),0.41(1H,dd,J=8.0,5.0Hz)。[α]D 25:-6.16(c=1.65,CHCl3)实施例41:(2R,3aS,4aS)-2-[(叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧)-1-甲基]-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.j.2(A=CHO,P=TBDPS)(流程4)
将溶于CH2Cl2(100微升)中的DMSO(36.6微升,0.515毫摩尔)逐滴添加于-78℃,溶于CH2Cl2(1毫升)的(COCl)2(30微升,0.344毫摩尔)的溶液中。-78℃下搅拌该混合物20分钟,接着添加溶于CH2Cl2(0.5毫升)中的I.j.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS)(14毫克,0.37毫摩尔)。于-78℃下搅拌所得白色悬浮液20分钟,逐滴添加Et3N(0.2毫升,1.435毫摩尔),并持续搅拌20分钟,然后历时1小时将混合物温热至室温。反应藉添加冷水而骤冷,并分离有机相,水层用Et2O(3×50毫升)萃取,并以MgSO4干燥,残余物利用HPLC(己烷/EtOAc 95∶5)分离,得无色油的化合物I.j.2(A=CHO,P=TBDPS)(4毫克,28.7%)。IR(薄膜):2931,2858,1699,1428,1112,824,740,613厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.83(1H,s),7.63(4H,d,J=7.4Hz),7.68-7.35(6H,m),3.43(2H,d,J=5.5Hz),2.68(2H,m),2.18(1H,m),2.02(1H,m),1.59(1H,m),1.51(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),1.25(1H,bs),1.02(9H,s),0.90(1H,m)。MS(m/z):337(4),307(2),293(4),259(2),217(9),199(54),183(20),135(24),105(30),93(100)[α]D 25:-52.6(c=0.27,CHCl3)。实施例42:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-[(叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷基氧)-1-甲基]-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.k.2(A=CHO,P=TBDPS)(流程4)
如I.j.2(A=CHO,P=TBDPS)所述,始于I.k.1(A=CH2OH,P=TBDPS),产率为92.8%。IR(薄膜):2932,2858,1703,1471,1427,1112,824,741,702厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.96(1H,s),7.63(4H,m),7.48-7.35(6H,m),3.58(2H,m),2.05-1.88(5H,m),1.62(1H,m),1.34(1H,dd,J=8.5,5.5Hz),1.20(1H,t,J=5.4Hz),1.02(9H,s)。MS(m/z):337(15),259(14),231(30),199(100),137(20),93(60),77(70)。实施例43:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-甲基-2-羟基-3a-羟甲基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.l.1(A=CH2OH,R1=CH3)(流程4)
将溶于THF(1.5毫升)的烯羟4.3(164毫克,0.719毫摩尔)的溶液逐滴加入溶于水(1.5毫升)的Hg(OAc)2(350毫克,1.10毫摩尔)的溶液中。室温下搅拌该混合物30分钟后,添加NaOH的水溶液(1.5毫升,3N),接着添加溶于3N NaOH溶液(1.5毫升)中0.5M的NaBH4。室温下搅拌所得混合物2小时,直到大部分的汞凝固为止。过滤固体。滤液以Et2O(2×30毫升)和EtOAc(2×30毫升)萃取。将K2CO3(500毫克,5.05毫摩尔)和MeOH(2毫升)加入残余物中。室温下搅拌该混合物20小时。将该反应混合物通过一短的硅胶柱。粗产物以HPLC(环己烷/EtOAc:62∶45)纯化,得无色油的化合物I.1.1(A=CH2OH,R1=Me)和I.i.1(A=CH2OH,R1=Me)(比例为3∶1,68毫克,66.6%)。IR(薄膜):3288.4,2931.3,2858.5,1459.1,1370.2,1260.7,1183.9,1135.7,1111.5,1064.0,1016.0,922.6厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):4.02(1H,d,J=10.7Hz),3.07(1H,d,J=10.7Hz),2.05(2H,m),1.65(1H,bs),1.52(1H,d,J=12.8Hz),1.37(3H,m),1.25(3H,s),1.05(1H,dd,J=8.0,4.8Hz),0.49(1H,t,J=4.3Hz)。实施例44:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-甲基-2-羟基-3a-甲酰基-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.1.2(A=CHO,R1=Me)(流程4)
如I.j.2(A=CHO,P=TBDPS)所述,始于I.l.1(A=CH2OH,R1=Me),产率为48.2%。IR(薄膜):3429,2967,2929,1691,1377,1249,1102,1036,668厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.90(1H,s),2.66(1H,dd,J=14.3,2.4Hz),1.98(2H,m),1.88(1H,dd,J=8.5,5.2Hz),1.65(1H,bs),1.51(2H,t,J=14.2Hz),1.31(3H,s),1.14(1H,t,J=5.2Hz)。MS(m/z):140(M+,2),123(10),111(10),97(15),85(25),71(25),67(30),48(100)。[α]D 25:-99.3(c=1.06,CHCl3)实施例45:(2S,3aS,4aS)-2-羟基-2-羟甲基-3a-[(苯甲酰基氧)甲基]-双环[3.1.0]己烷I.m(A=CH2OCOPh)(流程4)
0℃下将OsO4水溶液(121微升,0.02毫摩尔,4重量%,0.07当量)加入溶于丙酮/水(5毫升:2.5毫升)的4.3(65毫克,0.285毫摩尔)和NMO(48毫克,0.344毫摩尔,1.21当量)的溶液中。室温下搅拌该所得溶液39小时,然后添加连二硫酸钠(70毫克)和硅酸镁载体(150毫克)。将黑色沉淀物过滤移除,并用Et2O(200毫升)冲洗。真空下蒸发溶剂,将残余物溶解于含少量丙酮(100∶5)的Et2O中,并经过硅酸镁载体加以过滤。粗混合物经HPLC(环己烷/EtOAc:7∶3)分离,紧接少量的C-2差向异构体后,得到主产物无色油的化合物I.m(化合物I.m与C-2的比例为85∶15),合并产率为64%。IR(薄膜):3385.5,2927.8,1713.7,1451.6,1315.2,1274.6,1114.7,1070.3,1026.2,934.5,711.5厘米-1。1H-NMR(500MHz,in CDCl3,ppm):8.06(2H,d,J=7.3Hz),7.57(1H,t,J=7.4Hz),7.46(2H,t,J=7.6Hz),4.48(1H,d,J=11.5Hz),4.21(1H,d,J=11.5Hz),3.49((2H,m),2.58(1H,s),2.36(1H,s),2.16(1H,d,J=14.6Hz),2.12(1H,dd,J=14.2,6.3Hz),1.94(1H,t,J=14.1Hz),1.89(1H,t,J=14.1Hz),1.65(1H,d,J=14.2Hz),1.07(1H,dd,J=8.4,5.3Hz),0.47(1H,t,J=4.6Hz)。MS(m/z):262(M+,1),244(1),232(3),213(4),203(3),176(1),163(4),145(4),123(16),105(100),77(52),67(13)。[α]D 25:-11.86(c=1.53,CHCl3)。
Claims (12)
1.一种制备式(I)化合物的方法,
其中:
-A为基团-CH2OH,-CH2-OCOR′,-COR″,-CSR″或乙炔基;
-R为氢或(C1-C6)烷基;
-R1为氢,(C1-C6)烷基或基团-(CH2)n-OP;
-R2为氢或基团-OP;
-R′为(C1-C6)烷基或苯基;
-R″为氢,羟基,(C1-C6)烷基,(C1-C6)烷氧基,(C1-C6)烷硫基,或二(C1-C3)烷氨基;
-P为氢;(C1-C6)烷酰基;苯甲酰基,其中苯基可被(C1-C4)烷基,卤素或硝基任选取代;(C1-C6)烷氧基羰基;基团-Si(R3)3,其中每一R3各自代表(C1-C6)烷基或苯基;单-或双-(C1-C6)烷氧基(C1-C6)烷基;四氢呋喃基;或四氢吡喃基;
-n为0,1,2,3或4,
此方法包含的步骤有:
(i)式1化合物与脂酶在链烷酸乙烯酯或酸酐中反应,
其中A为(C1-C6)烷氧羰基或二(C1-C3)烷基氨基羰基,且R如上定义,和(ii)所得的式2或2′化合物转化为相应的式(I)化合物,
其中Z为烷基,优选为(C1-C3)烷基。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其包括将其中进行反应的化合物1中A为甲氧羰基。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其中链烷酸乙烯酯选自乙酸乙烯酯,丙酸乙烯酯和丁酸乙烯酯。
4.根据权利要求1到中任一项的方法,其中酸酐选自乙酸酐,丙酸酐和丁酸酐。
5.根据权利要求1到4中任一项的方法,其中脂酶选自来自萤光假单孢菌的脂酶(SAM II)、来自希林瓜氏念珠菌的脂酶(CCL)、来自猪胰腺的脂酶(PPL),来自葱头假单孢菌的脂酶(PSL)、来自Gotrichum candidum的脂酶(GCL)。
6.根据权利要求1到5中任一项的方法,其中步骤(i)是于10到40℃的温度范围中进行。
7.根据权利要求1到6中任一项的方法,其中步骤(i)进行6到72小时。
8.根据权利要求1到7中任一项的方法,其中步骤(ii)是经一个或数个的以下的步骤:
-羟基的保护,
-酯的皂化,
-3-或5-羟基的转化,
-离去基的形成,
-含碱环的闭环反应,形成所需的双环[3.1.0]己烷,
-烷氧羰基或氨基甲酰基官能基转化为所需的取代基A。
其中:
-A为基团-CH2OH,-CH2-OCOR′,-COR″,-CSR″或乙炔基;
-R为氢或(C1-C6)烷基;
-R1为氢,(C1-C6)烷基或基团-(CH2)n-OP;
-R2为氢或基团-OP;
-R′为(C1-C6)烷基或苯基;
-R″为氢,羟基,(C1-C6)烷基,(C1-C6)烷氧基,(C1-C6)烷硫基,或二(C1-C3)烷氨基;
-P为氢;(C1-C6)烷酰基;苯甲酰基,其中苯基可被(C1-C4)烷基,卤素或硝基任选取代;(C1-C6)烷氧羰基;基团-Si(R3)3,其中每一R3各自代表(C1-C6)烷基或苯基;单-或二-(C1-C6)烷氧基(C1-C6)烷基;四氢呋喃基;或四氢吡喃基;
-n为0,1,2,3或4,
其条件为当化合物(I)的构型为2S,3aS,4aS,A为甲酰基,羟甲基,乙炔基或甲氧羰基,且R和R2均为氢时,R1不为基团-OSi(R3)3。
10.一种式(II)的非对映异构化合物(II):
其中:
-A和R如权利要求9对(I)的定义
-R4和R5每一各自代表如权利要求9对(I)定义的基团P,或甲磺酰基,甲苯磺酰基,对溴苯磺酰基或三氟甲磺酰基,
其条件为当A为甲氧碳基且R为氢时,化合物(II)的构型不为1R,3R,5R。
11.一种式2或2′化合物:
其中
-A和R如权利要求9对(I)的定义;
-Z为烷基。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/456,509 US6191292B1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Precursors of the A-ring of vitamin D and method and intermediates for the preparation thereof |
EP99403065.8 | 1999-12-08 | ||
EP99403065A EP1106618A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 | 1999-12-08 | Precursors of the A-ring of vitamin D, and method and intermediates for the preparation thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1425019A true CN1425019A (zh) | 2003-06-18 |
CN1210282C CN1210282C (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6191292B1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1106618A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1210282C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE254623T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU782089B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0016184B8 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2393617C (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ303421B6 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60006714T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1235832T3 (zh) |
EE (1) | EE05326B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2210022T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HU229508B1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL150089A0 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA01012904A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO327848B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ519391A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL201691B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1235832E (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2247710C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI290928B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001042251A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200204594B (zh) |
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PL2360145T3 (pl) | 2010-01-26 | 2012-08-31 | Hybrigenics Sa | Nowy sposób izomeryzacji skondensowanych struktur bicyklicznych oraz wytwarzania zawierających te struktury analogów witaminy D |
EP2793622B1 (de) | 2011-12-21 | 2019-02-27 | Merck Patent GmbH | Verwendung von cyclohexanolderivaten als antimikrobielle wirkstoffe |
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EP0972762B1 (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 2003-10-01 | Laboratoire Theramex | Novel structural analogues of vitamin D |
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1999
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- 1999-12-08 EP EP99403065A patent/EP1106618A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2000
- 2000-10-30 TW TW089122845A patent/TWI290928B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-12-04 MX MXPA01012904A patent/MXPA01012904A/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2000-12-04 AT AT00983224T patent/ATE254623T1/de active
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