CN1343128A - 药物组合物 - Google Patents
药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1343128A CN1343128A CN00805053A CN00805053A CN1343128A CN 1343128 A CN1343128 A CN 1343128A CN 00805053 A CN00805053 A CN 00805053A CN 00805053 A CN00805053 A CN 00805053A CN 1343128 A CN1343128 A CN 1343128A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutical composition
- hydrochloride
- medicine
- particular pharmaceutical
- undesirable taste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 sucrose fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940126534 drug product Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229950010477 clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- FDEODCTUSIWGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen sulfate;hydron;methyl 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(6,7-dihydro-4h-thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-5-yl)acetate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.C1CC=2SC=CC=2CN1C(C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl FDEODCTUSIWGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-JTQLQIEISA-N Levofloxacin Chemical compound C([C@@H](N1C2=C(C(C(C(O)=O)=C1)=O)C=C1F)C)OC2=C1N1CCN(C)CC1 GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003376 levofloxacin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009818 secondary granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(C(O)=O)=C2)=O)=C3N2C(C)COC3=C1N1CCN(C)CC1 GSDSWSVVBLHKDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N Erythromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PECIYKGSSMCNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminophylline Chemical compound NCCN.O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=NC=N[C]21.O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=NC=N[C]21 PECIYKGSSMCNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003556 aminophylline Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950009533 cetraxate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- FHRSHSOEWXUORL-HDJSIYSDSA-N cetraxate Chemical group C1C[C@@H](C[NH3+])CC[C@@H]1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(CCC([O-])=O)C=C1 FHRSHSOEWXUORL-HDJSIYSDSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NGHTXZCKLWZPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nefiracetam Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC(=O)CN1C(=O)CCC1 NGHTXZCKLWZPGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950004663 nefiracetam Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001699 ofloxacin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002695 phenobarbital Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N theophylline Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1NC=N2 ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AKNNEGZIBPJZJG-MSOLQXFVSA-N (-)-noscapine Chemical compound CN1CCC2=CC=3OCOC=3C(OC)=C2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C2=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C2C(=O)O1 AKNNEGZIBPJZJG-MSOLQXFVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AJZJIYUOOJLBAU-CEAXSRTFSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid;n,n,2-trimethyl-3-phenothiazin-10-ylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1=CC=C2N(CC(CN(C)C)C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1.C1=CC=C2N(CC(CN(C)C)C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 AJZJIYUOOJLBAU-CEAXSRTFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QZNNVYOVQUKYSC-JEDNCBNOSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-(1h-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 QZNNVYOVQUKYSC-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YCIHPQHVWDULOY-FMZCEJRJSA-N (4s,4as,5as,6s,12ar)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC=C2[C@](O)(C)[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@H](N(C)C)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@]4(O)C(=O)C3=C(O)C2=C1O YCIHPQHVWDULOY-FMZCEJRJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSTJTOKYCAJVMJ-GVTSEVKNSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;(e)-1-[4-(2-oxo-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)N2CCN(CC(=O)N3CCCC3)CC2)=C1 XSTJTOKYCAJVMJ-GVTSEVKNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CNIIGCLFLJGOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-naphthalenylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC1=NCCN1 CNIIGCLFLJGOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEDJGPQLLNQAIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(6-oxo-1h-pyridazin-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC=1C=CC(=O)NN=1 FEDJGPQLLNQAIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UBDZFAGVPPMTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoguanidine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].NC(N)=N[NH3+] UBDZFAGVPPMTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JTAGHJPZEDNHHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[[2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-n-methylbenzamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC(NCC(=O)NCCC=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2)=C1 JTAGHJPZEDNHHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AKUVRZKNLXYTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-benzylazetidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1CNC1 AKUVRZKNLXYTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MEAPRSDUXBHXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-n-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)propanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(NC(=O)CCCl)C=C1 MEAPRSDUXBHXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PTNZGHXUZDHMIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4h-tetracene-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC=C2C(C)C(C(O)C3C(C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)C3N(C)C)(O)C3=O)C3=C(O)C2=C1O PTNZGHXUZDHMIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VKJGBAJNNALVAV-UHFFFAOYSA-M Berberine chloride (TN) Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=C2CC[N+]3=CC4=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C4C=C3C2=CC2=C1OCO2 VKJGBAJNNALVAV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SONOJUYANZNUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C=C/C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[NH4+].ClC1=CC=CC=C1.[NH4+] Chemical compound C(C=C/C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[NH4+].ClC1=CC=CC=C1.[NH4+] SONOJUYANZNUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WDJUZGPOPHTGOT-OAXVISGBSA-N Digitoxin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@@H](C)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2C[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@@H]4[C@H]([C@]5(O)[C@@](C)([C@H](C6=CC(=O)OC6)CC5)CC4)CC3)CC2)C[C@H]1O)[C@H]1O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C2)[C@@H](O)C1 WDJUZGPOPHTGOT-OAXVISGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BALXUFOVQVENIU-GNAZCLTHSA-N Ephedrine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BALXUFOVQVENIU-GNAZCLTHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RHAXSHUQNIEUEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epirizole Chemical compound COC1=CC(C)=NN1C1=NC(C)=CC(OC)=N1 RHAXSHUQNIEUEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XKIFTXQTBJZSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gnoscopine Natural products COc1ccc2C(OC(=C)c2c1OC)C3N(C)CCc4cc5OCOc5c(OC)c34 XKIFTXQTBJZSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MADRVGBADLFHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indeloxazine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=2C=CCC=2C=1OCC1CNCCO1 MADRVGBADLFHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N L-lysine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- QSQQPMHPCBLLGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-4-[2-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy]-1-butanamine Chemical compound CNCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 QSQQPMHPCBLLGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SMTZFNFIKUPEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Roxane Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(=O)NCCCOC1=CC=CC(CN2CCCCC2)=C1 SMTZFNFIKUPEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- QTSXMEPZSHLZFF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Timepidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1[N+](C)(C)CC(OC)CC1=C(C=1SC=CC=1)C1=CC=CS1 QTSXMEPZSHLZFF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- MKDHTPTXOKJEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].Cl Chemical compound [N].Cl MKDHTPTXOKJEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000738 acetamido group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)N([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- RRNJROHIFSLGRA-JEDNCBNOSA-N acetic acid;(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O RRNJROHIFSLGRA-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940114077 acrylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N ampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000723 ampicillin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003589 arginine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004933 bifemelane Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004195 carvedilol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- NPAKNKYSJIDKMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvedilol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OCCNCC(O)COC1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=C[CH]C3=C12 NPAKNKYSJIDKMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N chloramphenicol Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940097572 chloromycetin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001657 chlorpromazine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001380 cimetidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CCGSUNCLSOWKJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cimetidine Chemical compound N#CNC(=N/C)\NCCSCC1=NC=N[C]1C CCGSUNCLSOWKJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004201 cinepazide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002626 clarithromycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- AGOYDEPGAOXOCK-KCBOHYOISA-N clarithromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@](C)([C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)OC)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 AGOYDEPGAOXOCK-KCBOHYOISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WDJUZGPOPHTGOT-XUDUSOBPSA-N digitoxin Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](O[C@@H]3C[C@@H]4[C@]([C@@H]5[C@H]([C@]6(CC[C@@H]([C@@]6(C)CC5)C=5COC(=O)C=5)O)CC4)(C)CC3)C[C@@H]2O)C)C[C@@H]1O WDJUZGPOPHTGOT-XUDUSOBPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229960000520 diphenhydramine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940120889 dipyrone Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229950005275 ecabapide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002534 ephedrine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950003801 epirizole Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- AEOCXXJPGCBFJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethionamide Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(N)=S)=CC=N1 AEOCXXJPGCBFJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002001 ethionamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N famotidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NC1=NC(CSCCC(N)=NS(N)(=O)=O)=CS1 XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- ZUXNZUWOTSUBMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydralazine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC=C2C(NN)=NN=CC2=C1 ZUXNZUWOTSUBMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- MPGBPFMOOXKQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indenolol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)COC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CC2 MPGBPFMOOXKQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- DJGAAPFSPWAYTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M metamizole sodium Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C(N(CS([O-])(=O)=O)C)=C(C)N(C)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 DJGAAPFSPWAYTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- TTWJBBZEZQICBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N metoclopramide Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCNC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(N)C=C1OC TTWJBBZEZQICBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004503 metoclopramide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099751 naphcon Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- SGXXNSQHWDMGGP-IZZDOVSWSA-N nizatidine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\C=C(/NC)NCCSCC1=CSC(CN(C)C)=N1 SGXXNSQHWDMGGP-IZZDOVSWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XQYZDYMELSJDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N papaverine Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CC1=NC=CC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C12 XQYZDYMELSJDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001789 papaverine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
颗粒状药物组合物,含有具有令人不快的味道的药物、蜡状物质和糖醇;制备该组合物的方法和含有这些组合物的口服药物制剂。由于具有优良的掩盖药物令人不快的味道的效果和良好的用药感觉,这些制剂能够易于为老人、儿童和吞咽困难患者服用。这些制剂也适合于管饲给药。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及颗粒状药物组合物,它掩盖药物令人不快的味道,在口服给药时提供良好的感觉,还涉及由其制备的药物产品。
背景技术
具有令人不快的味道的药物的口服给药趋向于降低患者的顺应性,在很多情况下,导致达不到预期的治疗效果。
已知用于掩盖微粒药物令人不快的味道的方法包括利用水不溶性聚合物的喷淋包衣法和利用微囊包封或加入甜味剂的方法。利用水不溶性聚合物的喷淋包衣法的实例是用于制备缓释药物,公开在日本专利申请公报(公开)No.30709/1987中,其中将含有药物的核心用乙基纤维素包衣,通过改变乙基纤维素包衣的厚度能够控制药物的释放速率。不过,其中所公开的工艺是针对缓释药物的,没有提供用于具有掩盖令人不快的味道的能力的快速释放药物的工艺。用水不溶性聚合物包衣的药物在口服给药时赋予患者口腔以沙砾味,若陷入患者牙齿之前会引起疼痛,从而提出了与轻松给药有关的问题。微囊包封法的缺点在于因有机溶剂的使用而使制备操作复杂化,而且产量低,制备成本高。采用加入甜味剂的方法对具有强烈的令人不快的味道的药物的掩盖效果差。
日本专利申请公报(公开)No.242568/1995公开了如下获得的颗粒状药物,加热熔化熔点为45-90℃的疏水性物质和表面活性剂,溶解或悬浮具有令人不快的味道的药物和沟流剂,以及所得混合物通过喷雾造粒法造粒。这篇文献中,掺入表面活性剂和沟流剂的目的是增加药物的洗脱速率,它们在组合物中的含量各自为5-35%。不过,从安全性观点来看,表面活性剂优选地是少量使用的。而且,考虑到药物产品的加工成型,喷雾造粒后的产物可取地含有少量添加剂,以便可以加量掺入其他添加剂。因此,表面活性剂和沟流剂的用量有利地是尽可能小的。日本专利申请公报(公开)No.267850/1995公开了如下获得的药物组合物,将一种或数种具有令人不快的味道的药物、一种或数种水溶性聚合物和一种或数种蜡混合;加热;将熔化的蜡与药物和水溶性聚合物一起造粒。这篇文献中,加入水溶性聚合物的目的与上述相同;也就是为了增加药物的溶解速率。在药物组合物中掺入水溶性聚合物的量为5-60%。出于上述相同的原因,水溶性聚合物优选地是根本不使用的,或者使用尽可能小的量。
固体颗粒、尤其是粉末产品,除了上述掩盖令人不快的味道的能力以外,还优选地具有良好的用管给药的适应性。“用管给药”指的是适用于吞咽药物产品困难的患者的给药方式。按照用管给药法,将粉末产品分散在水中,然后将分散系转移到注射器中,用于将分散系通过管子对患者给药,管子是通过患者的鼻子或腹部插入到消化道中的。在多数情况下,分散系是在使用前即时制备的。因此,要求粉末产品在短时间内均匀分散,不应塞住注射器或管子。用诸如异丁烯酸共聚物这样的pH-依赖性聚合物包衣的粉末产品在诸如纯水或葡萄糖溶液这样的非电解质液体中发生粘着,导致堵塞在注射器或管子中。因此,这样的粉末不适合于用管给药。类似地,利用一种糖(例如乳糖)充当赋形剂而形成的粉末产品也导致堵塞在注射器或管子中,从而不适合于用管给药。
鉴于上述,本发明的目的是提供这样一种颗粒状药物组合物,它具有优异的掩盖药物令人不快的味道的能力,在口服给药时提供良好的感觉。本发明的另一个目的是提供含有该组合物的药物产品。
发明的公开
本发明人已经制备了含有具有令人不快的味道的药物的颗粒状产品,并且已经对该产品的性质进行了广泛研究。令人惊奇的是,发明人已经发现,向具有令人不快的味道的药物与蜡物质的组合中掺入糖醇,能够提供这样一种颗粒状药物产品,它具有优异的掩盖令人不快的味道的能力,在口服给药时提供良好的感觉,从而完成了本发明。发明人还发现,该药物产品可为用管给药所利用。
因此,本发明在第一方面提供颗粒状药物组合物,它含有具有令人不快的味道的药物、蜡物质和糖醇。本发明在第二方面提供制备该颗粒状药物组合物的方法。本发明在第三方面提供用于口服给药的药物产品,它含有该颗粒状药物组合物。
实施发明的最佳方式
本发明中,术语“令人不快的味道”指的是任意的苦味、涩感、刺激味、令人不快的刺激和令人不快的气味。
对具有令人不快的味道的药物没有特别限制,只要该药物提供上述味道并且作为药物使用即可。药物的实例包括盐酸西曲酸酯、依卡派特、奈非西坦、盐酸酞氨西林、盐酸茚诺洛尔、盐酸肼屈嗪、盐酸氯丙嗪、盐酸噻拉米特、氯化小檗碱、洋地黄毒苷、安乃近、盐酸氮斯汀、盐酸依替福林、盐酸地尔硫、盐酸普萘洛尔、氯霉素、氨茶碱、红霉素、克拉霉素、苯巴比妥、泛酸钙、盐酸茚洛秦、盐酸氨基胍、盐酸二苯美伦、7β-[2-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-(Z)-肟基乙酰氨基]-3-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰氧基甲基-3-头孢烯(cephem)-羧酸1-(异丙氧基羰基氧基)乙基酯盐酸盐、(E)-3-(2-甲氧基-3,6-二甲基-1,4-苯醌-5-基)-2-[5-(3-吡啶基)戊基]-2-丙烯酸、氨茶碱、茶碱、苯海拉明、甲氧氯普胺、保泰松、苯巴比妥、氨苄西林、西咪替丁、法莫替丁、尼扎替丁、对乙酰氨基酚、依匹唑、吡嗪酰胺、咖啡因、乙硫异烟胺、卡维地洛、盐酸雷尼替丁、乙酸罗沙替丁盐酸盐、盐酸丙米嗪、盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸苯海拉明、盐酸四环素、盐酸多西环素、盐酸萘甲唑啉、盐酸那可丁、盐酸罂粟碱、右美沙芬氢溴酸盐、噻哌溴铵、氯苯铵马来酸盐(chlorphenilammonium maleate)、阿利马嗪酒石酸盐、盐酸吡西卡尼、N-甲基东莨菪碱甲基硫酸酯、桂哌齐特马来酸盐、盐酸精氨酸、盐酸组氨酸、盐酸赖氨酸、乙酸赖氨酸;粗药或其提取物,例如延胡索(Corydalis Tuber)、黄柏树皮(Phellodendron Bark)、黄连根状茎(Coptis Rhizome)、马钱子(Nux Vomica)、麻黄草(EphedraHerb)、吐根(Ipecac)、赛莨菪根状茎(Scopolia Rhizome)、颠茄(Belladonna)或槐(Sophora)根;由式(1)至(4)代表的吡啶酮羧酸化合物及其盐:(其中R1a、R1b和R1c各自代表可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基、可以具有取代基的C3-C6环状烷基、可以具有取代基的芳基或可以具有取代基的杂芳基;R2a、R2b、R2c和R2d各自代表氢原子、可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基或氨基;R3a、R3b、R3c和R3d各自代表氢原子或卤原子;R4a或R4c代表氢原子、卤原子、可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基或可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷氧基;以及R5d代表氢原子或可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基;Ya、Yb、Yc和Yd各自代表含氮基团);和由式(5)代表的4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶或其盐:
R1-CH(R2)-R3 (5)[其中R1代表苯基,它可以具有1至3个取代基,选自C1-C4烷基、卤原子、氟代C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、氟代C1-C4烷氧基、氰基和硝基;R2代表氢原子、羧基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、或C1-C7脂族酰基,它可以具有取代基,选自卤原子、羟基、C1-C4烷氧基和氰基;以及R3代表4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶-5-基,它可以具有取代基,选自羟基、C1-C4烷氧基、可以被C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C6烷酰氧基取代的C1-C4烷氧基、C7-C14芳烷氧基、C1-C18烷酰氧基、C3-C7环烷基羰基氧基、C6-C10芳基羰基氧基、C1-C4烷氧基羰基氧基和C7-C14芳烷氧基羰基氧基]。
上述由式(1)、(2)、(3)或(4)代表的吡啶酮羧酸化合物及其盐和制备它们的方法描述在下列参考文献中:日本专利申请公报(公开)Nos.53-141286、55-31042、57-46986、57-77683、60-36482、60-64979、60-228479、62-252772、62-252790、62-277362、1-230558、1-258666、1-294680、2-28178、2-124873、2-231475、5-271229、7-309864、8-41050和WO91/02526、WO94/14794、WO94/15933、WO95/5373、WO96/37475、WO96/39407、WO97/29102、WO97/19072、WO97/40037、WO98/02431、WO98/13370、WO98/18783、WO98/24781、WO98/52939、WO98/54169或WO98/58923。这些文献也公开了化合物和盐的制备方法。由式(5)代表的化合物及其盐可以按照日本专利申请公报(公开)Nos.50-46688、58-10583、59-27895和6-41139所述方法加以制备。
任何上述由式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)或(5)代表的化合物都可能具有不对称的碳原子,可能以旋光异构体或非对映体的形式存在。这样的异构体本身、它们的任意混合物、外消旋物等涵盖在本发明的范围内。上述由式(1)至(5)代表的化合物可以以它们的盐、水合物或溶剂化物的形式存在,这些也包括在本发明的范围内。
鉴于掩盖效果,具有令人不快的味道的药物优选地是微溶于蜡的;更优选地是可溶于水而微溶于蜡的。
氧氟沙星 诺氟沙星左氧氟沙星 司氟沙星盐酸环丙沙星 托氟沙星甲苯磺酸盐Sitafloxacin 盐酸Moxifloxacin依诺沙星 CS-940氟罗沙星 Gatifloxacin盐酸洛美沙星 盐酸格帕沙星HSR-903 PazufloxacinPrulifloxacin Pazufloxacin甲磺酸盐Trovafloxacin甲磺酸盐 A-99058.L盐酸克林沙星 Ecenofloxacin 盐酸Fandofloxacin 伊洛沙星
而且,在由式(5)代表的化合物及其盐中,优选化合物的实例包括如下:2-羟基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-羟基-5-(α-丙酰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-羟基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-乙酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-丙酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-丁酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-新戊酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-戊酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-己酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-叔丁氧基羰基氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-新戊酰氧基甲氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氯苄基)-2-氧代-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-丙酰基-2-氟苄基)-2-氧代-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-2-氧代-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-乙酰氧基-5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-羟基-5-(α-2-氟环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-2-氟环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-2-氧代-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-乙酰氧基-5-(α-2-氟环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-甲氧基羰基-2-氯苄基)-2-氧代-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-乙酰氧基-5-(α-甲氧基羰基-2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-甲氧基羰基-2-氟苄基)-2-氧代-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,2-乙酰氧基-5-(α-甲氧基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶(非专利药名:噻氯匹定;可以得到的是盐酸噻氯匹定),5-(α-甲氧基羰基-2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶(非专利药名:氯吡格雷;可以得到的是硫酸氯吡格雷),5-(α-甲氧基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-环丙基羰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,5-(α-丙酰基-2-氯苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶,和5-(α-丙酰基-2-氟苄基)-4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[3,2-c]吡啶;及其盐。
本发明中,具有令人不快的味道的药物优选为氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、sitafloxacin水合物、盐酸西曲酸酯、奈非西坦、盐酸噻氯匹定或硫酸氯吡格雷。
用在本发明中的蜡(具体来说,熔点为40-150℃的蜡)的实例包括脂肪与油,例如氢化油(例如氢化蓖麻油、氢化大豆油、氢化菜籽油、氢化棉籽油),和植物或动物来源的脂肪与油(例如巴西棕榈蜡、白蜂蜡、牛油);醇与多元醇,例如高级醇(例如十八烷醇、鲸蜡醇)和聚乙二醇(例如聚乙二醇4000、聚乙二醇6000);脂肪酸及其衍生物,例如高级脂肪酸(例如硬脂酸、棕榈酸),和脂肪酸甘油酯与脂肪酸蔗糖酯(例如单脂肪酸甘油酯、三脂肪酸甘油酯);和两种或更多这些物质的混合物。其中,氢化油、脂肪酸和脂肪酸的衍生物是优选的;氢化油、高级脂肪酸和脂肪酸酯是更优选的;而氢化油、单脂肪酸甘油酯、三脂肪酸甘油酯和硬脂酸是特别优选的。从掩盖药物的令人不快的味道的效果观点来看,蜡优选地具有比药物更低的熔点。
本发明中,可以优选地使用具有低溶解热的糖醇;例如赤藓醇、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇或两种或更多这些化合物的混合物。从口服给药时的感觉观点来看,溶解热为-30卡/g或更低的糖醇是优选的,赤藓醇和木糖醇是特别优选的。
本发明中,从溶解度和掩盖令人不快的味道的效果观点来看,具有令人不快的味道的药物与蜡的重量比优选地在1∶1与1∶5的范围内,更优选为1∶2至1∶3之间。糖醇在混合物中的百分率优选为10wt.%或更高,更具体为10-99.9wt.%,更优选为20-80wt.%,最优选为30-70wt.%。
本发明中的颗粒状组合物可以如下制备。加热使蜡熔化,将具有令人不快的味道的药物分散或溶解在其中。随后,对所得分散系或溶液进行初步造粒,由此得到颗粒。将颗粒与糖醇混合,或者进一步对颗粒进行二次造粒。
初步造粒可以通过喷雾造粒或熔化造粒进行。或者,可以将溶液冷却至固化,然后压碎。喷雾造粒是优选的。特别是喷雾冷却和喷雾干燥是优选的,因为这些方法能够轻松获得微细颗粒,不会对口腔带来令人不快的外来感觉。颗粒的大小优选地落在50-200μm的范围内,特别是80-120μm。
当在初步造粒中进行喷雾造粒时,可以加入少量表面活性剂,以减少在喷雾冷却过程期间颗粒与制造器械内壁的粘附。表面活性剂的量可以优选地在0.5-5wt.%的范围内,特别优选为1-4wt.%左右。
糖醇与通过初步造粒所制备的颗粒的二次造粒可以通过湿法流化床造粒完成,其中使用一种粘合剂溶液,例如羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的溶液。或者,二次造粒可以通过热熔化造粒完成,其中使用一种低熔点物质作为粘合剂,例如聚乙二醇或甘油一硬脂酸酯。
本发明的颗粒状药物组合物优选地是通过任意一种上述方法制备的。简言之,通过初步造粒,能够形成其中药物均匀分散在蜡中的颗粒,由此成功地掩盖令人不快的味道,因为蜡在口腔内的溶解度非常低。在口腔内,糖醇在大约十秒钟内溶于唾液,留下分散系形式的含有药物的蜡。不过,由于蜡状物质的颗粒是微球体,它们不会向口腔提供令人不快的砂砾样味道。糖醇、特别是赤藓醇和木糖醇,是甜味的,向口腔散发清新凉爽的感觉,产生掩盖药物令人不快的味道的效果。吞咽后,蜡在消化道内释放药物,导致药物吸收进入体内。
本发明中的颗粒状药物组合物可以——根据需要不加其他添加剂或者与其他添加剂一起——制备成用于口服给药的药物产品,例如粉剂、颗粒剂、干糖浆剂、片剂和胶囊剂。特别是粉剂、颗粒剂和干糖浆剂是优选的。
用于上述制剂的添加剂实例可以包括粘合剂,例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇或甘油一硬脂酸酯;甜味剂,例如阿司帕坦、糖精钠、糖精、奇甜蛋白或stevia;芳族成分,例如d1-薄荷醇和1-薄荷醇;流化剂,例如轻质无水硅酸、硅铝酸镁、滑石、合成硅酸铝和乙基纤维素;崩解剂,例如交联羧甲基纤维素钙、淀粉葡萄糖酸钙和低取代的羟丙基纤维素;和pH调节剂,例如柠檬酸钠和碳酸氢钠。添加剂含有水溶性聚合物。本发明中,优选地使用少量这些含有水溶性聚合物的添加剂;也就是说,它们在药物组合物中占0.1-5重量%,特别优选为1-4重量%。
实施例
下面将通过实施例详细描述本发明,但是本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
在90℃下熔化甘油一硬脂酸酯(200重量份),使左氧氟沙星(100重量份)均匀分散于其中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(300重量份)加入赤藓醇(630重量份),利用流化床造粒机使混合物混合。随后,将相当于10重量份聚乙烯醇的聚乙烯醇水溶液(10w/v%)喷淋到混合物上,进行流化床造粒。喷淋后,在流化床造粒机内干燥颗粒。利用30号筛(筛孔尺寸:500μm)使所得颗粒过筛,由此得到粉剂。
实施例2
在90℃下熔化甘油一硬脂酸酯(197重量份),向其中加入聚氧乙烯(20)脱水山梨醇一油酸酯(聚山梨酯80)(3重量份)。将左氧氟沙星(100重量份)均匀分散在所得混合物中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(300重量份)加入赤藓醇(630重量份),然后利用流化床造粒机混合。随后,将相当于20重量份聚乙烯醇的聚乙烯醇水溶液(10w/v%)喷淋到混合物上,进行流化床造粒。喷淋后,在流化床造粒机内干燥颗粒。利用30号筛(筛孔尺寸:500μm)使所得颗粒过筛,由此得到粉剂。
按类似于实施例1和2所述方式,从氧氟沙星、sitafloxacin水合物、盐酸西曲酸酯或奈非西坦制备粉剂产品。
试验例1(掩盖令人不快的味道的效果评价:感觉试验1)
对实施例1所得粉剂(940mg)和实施例2所得粉剂(950mg)进行感觉试验。将用量相当于100mg左氧氟沙星的每种粉剂真正置入口中,评价味道和感觉。发现两种粉剂掩盖了药物很令人不快的味道超过30秒钟。食入后经过10秒钟,口腔内感觉不到外来感觉。
试验例2(掩盖令人不快的味道的效果评价:溶解试验1)
对实施例1所得粉剂(940mg)和实施例2所得粉剂(950mg)进行评价未掩盖令人不快的味道的效果的试验,它是利用溶解试验仪进行的(试验流体:500ml纯水;试验流体温度:37℃;桨法;转速:100rpm)。单独使用药物充当对照。结果如表1所示。与单独使用药物的情况相比,药物在最初阶段的溶解被显著抑制了。
表1
洗脱试验结果
时间(秒) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 60 |
单独的药物 | 58 | 83 | 93 | 103 |
实施例1 | 2 | 6 | 12 | 29 |
实施例2 | 5 | 12 | 19 | 40 |
试验例3(对用管给药的适应性评价-1)
评价实施例1和2所得粉剂对用于经管给药的适应性。将每种粉剂(950mg)分散在纯水中(20ml)。将分散系置入一次性注射器内,后者连接有肠饲管(商品名:ARGAIL,由Japan Sharwood制造;新的肠饲管,内径1.0mm)。从注射器中挤出分散系,检查注射器顶端和管子顶端有无堵塞。结果如表2所示。
表2
对用管给药的适应性评价结果
结果 | |
实施例1 | 在注射器顶端或管子顶端没有观察到堵塞 |
实施例2 | 在注射器顶端或管子顶端没有观察到堵塞 |
实施例1和2中没有出现堵塞,从而发现顺畅的给药是可能的。
试验例4(溶解试验1)
对实施例1所得粉剂(940mg)和实施例2所得粉剂(950mg)进行溶解试验,它是利用溶解试验仪进行的(试验流体:900ml日本药典崩解试验所述的第一种流体;试验流体温度:37℃;桨法;转速:50rpm)。从表3可明显发现这些粉剂显示优良的溶解性。
表3
溶解试验结果(平均溶解率(%))
时间 | 5分钟后 | 10分钟后 | 20分钟后 | 30分钟后 | 45分钟后 | 60分钟后 |
实施例1 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
实施例2 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 |
实施例3
在80℃下熔化三脂肪酸甘油酯(216重量份),向其中加入聚氧乙烯(20)脱水山梨醇一油酸酯(聚山梨酯80)(11.2重量份)。将硫酸氯吡格雷(97.8重量份)均匀分散在所得混合物中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(325重量份)中加入赤醇(169重量份)和阿司帕坦(5重量份),由此得到粉剂。
实施例4
在80℃下熔化三脂肪酸甘油酯(216重量份),向其中加入聚氧乙烯(20)脱水山梨醇一油酸酯(聚山梨酯80)(11.2重量份)。将硫酸氯吡格雷(97.8重量份)均匀分散在所得混合物中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(325重量份)加入赤藓醇(169重量份),然后利用流化床造粒机混合。随后,将用量相当于20重量份聚乙烯醇的聚乙烯醇水溶液(10w/v%)喷淋到混合物上,进行流化床造粒。喷淋后,在流化床造粒机内干燥颗粒。将所得颗粒(514重量份)与阿司帕坦(5重量份)混合,由此得到粉剂。
实施例5
将三脂肪酸甘油酯(216重量份)溶于二氯甲烷。将硫酸氯吡格雷(97.8重量份)和乙基纤维素(32.6重量份)均匀分散在所得混合物中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(346.4重量份)加入赤藓醇(147.6重量份)和阿司帕坦(5重量份),由此得到粉剂。
实施例6
将三脂肪酸甘油酯(216重量份)溶于二氯甲烷。将硫酸氯吡格雷(97.8重量份)和乙基纤维素(32.6重量份)均匀分散在所得混合物中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(346.4重量份)加入赤藓醇(147.6重量份),然后利用流化床造粒机混合。随后,将用量相当于20重量份聚乙烯醇的聚乙烯醇水溶液(10w/v%)喷淋到混合物上,进行流化床造粒。喷淋后,在流化床造粒机内干燥颗粒。将所得颗粒(514重量份)与阿司帕坦(5重量份)混合,由此得到粉剂。
对比例1
在80℃下熔化三脂肪酸甘油酯(135重量份),向其中加入聚氧乙烯(20)脱水山梨醇一油酸酯(聚山梨酯80)(7重量份)。将硫酸氯吡格雷(61重量份)均匀分散在所得混合物中。利用喷雾干燥器使分散系喷雾冷却,由此得到微细颗粒。向颗粒(346.4重量份)加入乳糖(147.6重量份)和阿司帕坦(5重量份),由此得到粉剂。
试验例5(掩盖令人不快的味道的效果评价:感觉试验2)
对实施例3至6所得粉剂(500mg)各自进行感觉试验。将用量相当于100mg硫酸氯吡格雷的每种粉剂真正置入口中,评价味道和感觉。发现所有这些粉剂掩盖了药物很令人不快的味道超过30秒钟。食入后经过10秒钟,口腔内感觉不到外来感觉。
试验例6(掩盖令人不快的味道的效果评价:溶解试验2)
对实施例3至6所得粉剂(500mg)进行评价未掩盖令人不快的味道的效果的试验,它是利用溶解试验仪进行的(试验流体:300ml纯水;试验流体温度:37℃;桨法;转速:100rpm)。结果确认,与单独使用药物的情况相比,每种粉剂能够显著抑制药物在最初阶段的溶解。
试验例7(对用管给药的适应性评价-2)
评价对比例1和实施例5所得粉剂对用于用管给药的适应性。将每种粉剂(500mg)分散在纯水中(20ml)。将分散系置入一次性注射器内,后者连接有肠饲管(商品名:ARGAIL,由Japan Sharwood制造;新的肠饲管,内径1.0mm)。从注射器中挤出分散系,检查注射器顶端和管子顶端有无堵塞。结果如表4所示。
表4
对用管给药的适应性评价结果
结果 | |
对比例1 | 在推进粉剂之后立即在管子顶端观察到堵塞,分散系几乎不能从管子内推出 |
实施例5 | 在注射器顶端或管子顶端没有观察到堵塞 |
对比例1结果显示,这种对比产品太难以有效给药,因此不适合于用管给药。与之相反,实施例5产品不会导致所不希望有的堵塞,由此使顺畅给药成为可能。
试验例8(溶解试验2)
对实施例3所得粉剂(326.5mg)进行洗脱试验,它是利用洗脱试验仪进行的(试验流体:900ml日本药典崩解试验所述的第一种流体(含有1%月桂基硫酸钠);试验流体温度:37℃;桨法;转速:50rpm)。从表5可明显发现实施例3粉剂显示优良的溶解性。
表5
洗脱试验结果
时间 | 10分钟后 | 15分钟后 | 20分钟后 | 30分钟后 | 45分钟后 | 60分钟后 |
平均洗脱率(%) | 75.7 | 83.4 | 88.5 | 94.0 | 99.7 | 100.9 |
发明的工业实用性
本发明提供这样一种药物产品,它优异地掩盖药物令人不快的味道,在口服给药时提供良好的感觉,因此甚至易被老人、儿童和吞咽困难患者摄取。这种药物产品也适合于用管给药。
Claims (20)
1、颗粒状药物组合物,包含具有令人不快的味道的药物、蜡和糖醇。
2、根据权利要求1的颗粒状药物组合物,包含一种颗粒状物和糖醇,该颗粒状物含有具有令人不快的味道的药物和蜡。
3、根据权利要求1或2的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物是微溶于蜡的。
4、根据权利要求1或2的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物是可溶于水而微溶于蜡的。
5、根据权利要求1至4任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该蜡具有40-150℃的熔点。
6、根据权利要求1至5任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该蜡是选自下组的一员:氢化油、植物或动物来源的脂肪与油、高级醇、聚乙二醇、高级脂肪酸、甘油脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯和两种或更多这些的组合。
7、根据权利要求1至6任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该糖醇是选自下组的一员:赤藓醇、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇和两种或更多这些的组合。
8、根据权利要求1至7任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该糖醇具有不高于-30卡/g的溶解热。
9、根据权利要求1至8任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该糖醇是赤藓醇和/或木糖醇。
10、根据权利要求1至9任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物选自盐酸西曲酸酯、依卡派特、奈非西坦、盐酸酞氨西林、盐酸茚诺洛尔、盐酸肼屈嗪、盐酸氯丙嗪、盐酸噻拉米特、氯化小檗碱、洋地黄毒苷、安乃近、盐酸氮斯汀、盐酸依替福林、盐酸地尔硫、盐酸普萘洛尔、氯霉素、氨茶碱、红霉素、克拉霉素、苯巴比妥、泛酸钙、盐酸茚洛秦、盐酸氨基胍、盐酸二苯美伦、7β-[2-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-(Z)-肟基乙酰氨基]-3-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰氧基甲基-3-头孢烯-羧酸1-(异丙氧基羰基氧基)乙基酯盐酸盐、(E)-3-(2-甲氧基-3,6-二甲基-1,4-苯醌-5-基)-2-[5-(3-吡啶基)戊基]-2-丙烯酸、氨茶碱、茶碱、苯海拉明、甲氧氯普胺、保泰松、苯巴比妥、氨苄西林、西咪替丁、法莫替丁、尼扎替丁、对乙酰氨基酚、依匹唑、吡嗪酰胺、咖啡因、乙硫异烟胺、卡维地洛、盐酸雷尼替丁、乙酸罗沙替丁盐酸盐、盐酸丙米嗪、盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸苯海拉明、盐酸四环素、盐酸多西环素、盐酸萘甲唑啉、盐酸那可丁、盐酸罂粟碱、右美沙芬氢溴酸盐、噻哌溴铵、氯苯铵马来酸盐、阿利马嗪酒石酸盐、盐酸吡西卡尼、N-甲基东莨菪碱甲基硫酸酯、桂哌齐特马来酸盐、盐酸精氨酸、盐酸组氨酸、盐酸赖氨酸、乙酸赖氨酸;粗药或其提取物;由式(1)至(4)代表的吡啶酮羧酸化合物及其盐:其中R1a、R1b和R1c各自代表可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基、可以具有取代基的C3-C6环状烷基、可以具有取代基的芳基或可以具有取代基的杂芳基;R2a、R2b、R2c和R2d各自代表氢原子或可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基或氨基;R3a、R3b、R3c和R3d各自代表氢原子或卤原子;R4a或R4c代表氢原子、卤原子、可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基或可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷氧基;R5d代表氢原子或可以具有取代基的C1-C6直链或支链烷基;以及Ya、Yb、Yc和Yd各自代表含氮基团。
11、根据权利要求1至9任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物是氧氟沙星。
12、根据权利要求1至9任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物是左氧氟沙星。
13、根据权利要求1至9任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物是硫酸氯吡格雷。
14、根据权利要求1至13任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该具有令人不快的味道的药物和蜡按1∶1-1∶5的重量比混合,该组合物的糖醇含量为至少10重量%。
15、根据权利要求1至14任意一项的颗粒状药物组合物,它是这样制备的:加热使蜡熔化;将具有令人不快的味道的药物分散或溶解在其中;对所得混合物进行初步造粒,由此得到颗粒化产物;将该颗粒化产物与糖醇混合,或者对颗粒化产物和糖醇进行二次造粒。
16、根据权利要求15的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该初步造粒是喷雾造粒。
17、根据权利要求15或16的颗粒状药物组合物,其中该初步造粒所得颗粒的粒径为50-200μm。
18、制备颗粒状药物组合物的方法,该方法包括加热使蜡熔化;将具有令人不快的味道的药物分散或溶解在其中;对所得混合物进行初步造粒,由此得到颗粒化产物;将该颗粒化产物与糖醇混合,或者对颗粒化产物和糖醇进行二次造粒。
19、用于口服给药的药物产品,包含如权利要求1至17任意一项所述的颗粒状药物组合物。
20、根据权利要求19的用于口服给药的药物产品,它具有粉剂或颗粒剂的剂型。
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2000
- 2000-03-16 RU RU2001128071/15A patent/RU2270695C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-16 CA CA2367373A patent/CA2367373C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-16 CN CN008050538A patent/CN1343128B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-16 KR KR1020017011627A patent/KR100768034B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-16 EP EP10010622A patent/EP2275141A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-16 WO PCT/JP2000/001606 patent/WO2000054811A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-16 AU AU31927/00A patent/AU3192700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-16 EP EP00909677A patent/EP1161956A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-16 JP JP2000073572A patent/JP4694669B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-17 TW TW089104960A patent/TWI251495B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2004-10-07 US US10/959,297 patent/US20050152975A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2006-12-01 US US11/565,733 patent/US20070148235A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2010
- 2010-10-08 JP JP2010228566A patent/JP2011006481A/ja active Pending
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100548381C (zh) * | 2003-09-12 | 2009-10-14 | 株式会社龙角散 | 能掩盖苦味的粒状凝胶饮料 |
CN103181885A (zh) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-03 | 北京韩美药品有限公司 | 氯吡格雷的固体制剂及制备方法 |
CN107335058A (zh) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-10 | 暨南大学 | 一种2,6‑二取代吡啶‑4‑硫代甲酰胺的新用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4694669B2 (ja) | 2011-06-08 |
CA2367373A1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
JP2000327590A (ja) | 2000-11-28 |
WO2000054811A1 (fr) | 2000-09-21 |
EP2275141A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
KR100768034B1 (ko) | 2007-10-17 |
US20070148235A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
NO20014490D0 (no) | 2001-09-14 |
AU3192700A (en) | 2000-10-04 |
RU2270695C2 (ru) | 2006-02-27 |
HK1044476A1 (en) | 2002-10-25 |
CN1343128B (zh) | 2010-04-21 |
KR20010102571A (ko) | 2001-11-15 |
US20110159049A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
EP1161956A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
EP1161956A4 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
HK1044476B (zh) | 2010-09-17 |
JP2011006481A (ja) | 2011-01-13 |
NO20014490L (no) | 2001-11-14 |
TWI251495B (en) | 2006-03-21 |
CA2367373C (en) | 2011-09-20 |
US20050152975A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
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