CN1112931C - 抗紧张剂和具有抗紧张作用的功能食品 - Google Patents
抗紧张剂和具有抗紧张作用的功能食品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
抗紧张剂和含有抗紧张剂、具有抗紧张作用的功能食品,其中含有通过例如用乳酸杆菌属的乳酸菌发酵动物乳发酵物料制得的发酵酸乳作为有效成分,可以连续地每日食用而没有任何安全性问题,能够减轻和预防由紧张引起的精神和身体症状。
Description
发明所属技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有防止和减轻由紧张引起的精神和身体症状的抗紧张剂,以及含有该抗紧张剂的功能食品,是将该抗紧张剂加入到酸奶、含乳的乳酸菌饮料、奶酪、各种加工食品、保健食品、粉状食品或颗粒状食品中使其具备抗紧张作用,本发明还涉及这些功能食品的用途。
背景技术
在现代社会中,人们承受着由高度发达的复杂科学技术或剧烈变化着的社会环境带来的各种紧张。特别是在国际化的社会中形成了复杂的人际关系也会引起精神紧张。已经有报道说精神紧张会引起各种症状。
精神紧张对循环系统有很大的影响。但是,对什么是紧张尚没有建立科学的概念和定义,以致对紧张进行评价还存在许多问题,还有方法上的困难。但近年来人们已经从医学观点对紧张进行了研究。
例如,已有报道说当一个人承受紧张时,血管紧张素II和/或后叶加压素升高,体内的钠由于钠的重吸收而过量,这会引起血压升高(茂原治ら等人:代谢,28,2,323,1991)。但是,承受紧张不仅仅引起血压升高,还会影响许多因子,据信会引起胃溃疡、局部缺血性心脏病、脑血管疾病、高血压、高血脂等。因此,尽管研究紧张和高血压之间的关系很重要,但不能认为仅仅降低血压就能带来抗紧张效果。
作为预防和减轻由紧张引起的精神和身体症状的药物,目前使用的是化学合成药物,如安定药、抗焦虑药和安眠药等。但是,这些药物会有成瘾性和副作用,故不适合日常使用来防止由紧张引起的精神和身体症状。因此,需要具有抗紧张作用的、日常可以连续食用的、没有任何安全性问题并能够减轻和防止由紧张引起的精神和身体症状的食品,这样的食品正在开发之中。例如,在日本特开平6-100442中提议了一种抗紧张剂,含有茶叶中含有的L-茶氨酸作为有效成分,可以混合到可口饮料中(营养补充饮料)日常食用。此外,还有报道香味对紧张有缓解作用(FRAGRANCE JOURNAL:1991-11,44)。但是,还没有报道说乳酸菌发酵乳有减轻和防止紧张引起的精神和身体症状的作用。
发明的公开
本发明的目的是提供一种能够满足上述社会需求的、能够日常连续服用而不会有任何安全性问题,并能减轻和防止紧张引起的精神和身体症状的抗紧张剂;以及它的用途。
本发明的另一个目的是提供具有抗紧张作用的、能够满足上述社会需要、能够作为食品日常连续地食用没有任何安全性问题的功能食品,以及它的用途。
本发明人选行了深入的研究来寻找一种能够满足上述社会要求、可以用在食品中、可以重复食用安全性高的物质。结果发现酸乳具有优良抗紧张作用,于是完成了本发明。
根据本发明,提供了一种含有至少一种酸乳作为有效成分的抗紧张剂。
根据本发明,还提供了一种含有该抗紧张剂、具有抗紧张作用的功能食品。
根据本发明,还提供了用抗紧张剂或功能食品来生产治疗紧张的药物的用途。
根据本发明,还提供了一种治疗人或动物紧张的方法,包括口服抗紧张剂或功能食品。
附图简要说明
图1是实施例1中试验1中的计算工作紧张负荷试验期间舒张压的波动图。曲线的纵坐标表示舒张压,以mmHg计,横坐标表示时间,以分钟计。
图2是实施例1中试验1中的计算工作紧张负荷试验结束后情绪状态表现(Profile of Mood State(POMS))的变化图。曲线的纵坐标表示POMS数值的变化,以百分数计(%)。
图3是实施例1中当受试人饮用酸乳饮料一周时进行计算工作紧张负荷试验期间舒张压的波动图。曲线的纵坐标表示舒张压,以mmHg计,横坐标表示时间,以分钟计。
图4是实施例1中当受试人饮用发酵酸乳饮料一周时进行计算工作紧张负荷试验期间心率的波动图。曲线的纵坐标表示每分钟的心率,以次/分钟计,横坐标表示时间,以分钟计。
发明的优选实施方案
本发明的抗紧张剂含有至少一种具有抗紧张作用的酸乳作为有效成分。这一抗紧张剂的抗紧张作用能够用血压的升高、心率的加速和情绪状态表现的变化等作为指标,通过测定食用本剂之前和食用之后证明本剂对这些升高有抑制作用。
使用乳酸菌发酵乳作为本发明抗紧张剂中含有的作为有效成分的酸乳,连续每日使用中其高度安全性已得到了证实。酸乳可以如下制得,例如,首先制备含乳原液。
含乳原液中含有的乳可以来源于动物或植物。例如,可以使用动物乳,如牛乳、山羊乳、羊乳或马乳;或者来源于大豆的植物乳等。而且乳原料的种类可以是全脂乳或脱脂乳、乳清、乳粉和/或复元乳。
含乳原液不限于溶解或悬浮和分散在其中的液体。原液可以是含有诸如由乳粉或含乳物料与水或盐水混合制得的浆液物料的溶液。此外,含乳原液可以任选地加入乳酸菌培养基、酵母提取液、维生素、矿物质、糖、脂类、矫味剂或色素。
然后,将含乳原液用乳酸菌发酵或用乳酸菌与为改进功能食品的风味的酵母共生发酵,从而获得酸乳。
乳酸菌优选是乳酸杆菌属的乳酸菌。例如,可以使用瑞士乳杆菌、德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种、嗜酸乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌或干酪乳杆菌干酪亚种。特别是可以使用诸如瑞士乳杆菌ATCC8205、瑞士乳杆菌ATCC55796、德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种ATCC11842、嗜酸乳杆菌ATCC4356、发酵乳杆菌ATCC14931或干酪乳杆菌干酪亚种ATCC393菌株。在这些当中,特别优选的是瑞士乳杆菌。
用来与乳酸菌共生发酵的酵母可以是酵母属、假丝酵母属或克鲁维氏酵母属的酵母。例如可以使用诸如啤酒糖酵母、产朊假丝酵母或马克斯克鲁维氏酵母lactis变种的菌株。
发酵的培养条件包括,将含乳原液加热灭菌,冷却至预定的培养温度,与由预先培养的乳酸菌或预先培养的乳酸菌和酵母组成的发酵剂混合。培养温度可以是20-50℃,优选30-45℃,培养时间可以是3-48小时,优选6-24小时。可以根据乳酸菌细胞数为108个/g或更高及乳酸酸度为1或更高来确定终止培养。用来培养的乳酸菌发酵剂的接种量优选为乳酸菌数为105个/g-107个/g培养基。
本发明抗紧张剂作为有效成分可以是上述含有酸乳的培养溶液本身,或者是适当分离除酸乳和乳酸菌以外成分的培养溶液。在每种情况下,乳酸菌或与酵母在一起的乳酸菌保持为活菌,即以活菌的形式。或者,培养溶液或经分离的培养溶液可以加热到80℃灭菌来制备灭菌形式的抗紧张剂。此外,上述灭菌的或不灭菌的培养液可以经纯化得到酸乳;可以通过冷冻干燥、喷雾干燥或滚筒干燥制成粉剂;或可以进一步用赋形剂或载体制成片剂。
本发明抗紧张剂可以在任何时间,如受到紧张之前、处于紧张状态及承受紧张之后给人或动物口服,也可以经常服用。抗紧张剂的有效剂量的上限没有特别的限定,可以适当选择。但当给人服用时,足以减轻和预防人的紧张的有效剂量以酸乳干品计,优选为不低于0.1g/千克体重/天。
本发明具有抗紧张作用的功能食品含有上述抗紧张剂。因此,其中含有的抗紧张剂可以是如上所述的乳酸菌或与酵母在一起的乳酸菌为活菌的培养溶液本身或者是经适当加工的形式;或者是经加热到80℃灭菌形式;或者是通过冷冻干燥、喷雾干燥或滚筒干燥制成粉剂。
本发明功能食品含有上述抗紧张剂。抗紧张剂可以在食品制作之后、制作之时或任何阶段中添加。此外,根据食品的种类,本发明功能食品中可以适当含有糖、蛋白质、脂类、维生素、矿物质、矫味剂或色素。
在本发明功能食品中含有的抗紧张剂的量没有特别的限定,但一般优选在10-100w/w%范围内,以酸乳计。
本发明的功能食品可以是酸奶、乳性乳酸菌饮料、奶酪、含有发酵酸乳的加工食品、保健食品、粉状食品或颗粒食品。
用来减轻和预防紧张的本发明功能食品的有效量是,对人而言,优选不低于0.1g/千克体重/天,以发酵酸乳干品计。
本发明的抗紧张剂和功能食品可以用来制备治疗紧张的药物,形式为固体或液体,例如片剂、颗粒或饮料的形式。
本发明具有抗紧张作用的抗紧张剂和功能食品含有用乳酸菌发酵制得的酸乳作为有效成分。具有安全性高、能够连续地每日地食用,具有减轻和预防紧张引起的精神和身体症状的作用。
实施例
现在用实施例更详细地解释本发明,但本发明不限于此。
实施例1
给经加热到90℃灭菌的2kg脱脂乳(固体含量为9wt%)接种40g预先培养的瑞士乳杆菌ATCC8205发酵剂,在37℃下培养24小时制得二级发酵剂。然后,将4.5kg脱脂乳溶解在45.5kg水中,所得溶液加热到90℃灭菌并冷却到室温。然后给溶液接种二级发酵剂,在37℃培养24小时得到约52kg酸乳。该酸乳在80℃加热灭菌10分钟后,为便于饮用,加入天冬甜素(商品名称,味之素(株)生产),加入量为总重量的0.04wt%。由此得到抗紧张剂。对所得的抗紧张剂进行下面的试验。
试验1
将上述抗紧张剂和由脱脂乳和与发酵酸乳浓度相同的乳酸的混合物组成的对照液作为饮料给15位健康受试人(7男,8女,24-32岁)饮用,对受试人进行下面所述的计算工作紧张负荷试验。
测试前一天6:00p.m.和12:00p.m.、测试当天的7:00a.m.及试验开始(10:00a.m.)之前30分钟分别给受试人饮用100g抗紧张剂和对照液,即总共4次,总量400g。然后在另外的时候,按相同的时间表给受试人饮用抗紧张剂和对照液。进行盲法试验以便剂量顺序不会影响试验结果。为了使受试人适应试验环境,受试人在开始之前10分钟进入实验室,并在试验开始之前安静下来。当试验开始时,受试人保持在安静状态15分钟,然后从试验开始后的第15分钟到第45分钟处于计算工作状态30分钟。在试验时间内(从0分钟到45分钟),连续测定受试人的血压。此外,在试验开始之前和计算工作结束之后,按情绪状态表现法(POMS)对受试人进行评价,由此评价随时间推移的心理状态,以便知道他们的心理状态。试验结果显示如下:血压是与安静状态的血压差;POMS是与试验开始前的点的差。用配对t检验确定统计差异。
试验期间(从0分钟到45分钟)舒张压的波动示于图1。舒张压随计算工作负荷而上升。在受试人饮用本发明抗紧张剂的情况下,计算工作的紧张负荷过程中舒张压的升高被抑制了。特别是,在试验开始之后第20分钟较试验开始之前,与饮用对照液比较,舒张压明显降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
POMS试验的结果示于图2。通过将试验开始之前和计算工作之后的POMS试验结果进行对比可以认识到,在受试人饮用本发明抗紧张剂的情况下,紧张和压抑趋向于放松,疲劳趋向于减轻,情绪紊乱趋向于稳定。特别是,与对照液比较紧张性明显缓解,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
试验2
上述抗紧张剂作为饮料给4位健康受试人(3男,1女,25-35岁)连续饮用7天,在饮用抗紧张剂之前和之后对受试人进行计算工作紧张负荷试验。
第1天,按相同于试验1的方法从10:30a.m.开始对受试人进行计算工作紧张负荷试验。随后,在同一天的下午给受试人饮用100g抗紧张剂。从第2天到第6天连续在早晨和下午给他们饮用100g抗紧张剂。第7天,在7:00a.m.给受试人饮用100g抗紧张剂,从10:30a.m.开始按相同于试验1的方法对受试人进行计算工作紧张负荷试验。试验结果由他们从安静状态下的血压和心率变化来表示。通用配对t检验确定统计差异。
试验期间(从0分钟到45分钟)舒张压的波动示于图3。舒张压随计算工作负荷而上升。在受试人连续一周饮用本发明抗紧张剂的试验下,与受试人在饮用抗紧张剂之前进行的试验结果相比,计算工作紧张负荷过程中的舒张压升高被抑制了。此外,试验期间(从0分钟到45分钟)心率的波动示于图4。心率随计算工作负荷而上升。在受试人连续一周饮用本发明抗紧张剂之后的试验中,与受试人饮用抗紧张剂之前进行的试验结果相比,计算工作紧张负荷过程中心率的升高被抑制了。
实施例2
将实施例1制得的发酵酸乳加热到80℃灭菌10分钟。然后,混合发酵物料得到组成如下的混合物:75wt%灭菌发酵酸乳、13.3wt%的3wt%HM果胶溶液,3.03wt%的30wt%柠檬酸钠溶液、4.5wt%的1wt%天冬甜素溶液、0.25wt%的混合矫味剂和3.92wt%的水。将混合物加热到85℃灭菌,然后每100g趁热装入褐色瓶中,制得酸乳饮料。所得的酸乳饮料经过实施例1的试验,显示出对血压、心率和POMS具有同样的作用。
Claims (10)
1.含有至少一种发酵酸乳作为有效成分的抗紧张剂,其中所述的发酵酸乳包括通过用乳酸杆菌属的乳酸菌和酵母一起发酵动物或植物乳发酵物料制得的发酵酸乳。
2.权利要求1的抗紧张剂,其中所述的乳杆菌是以保藏号ATCC8205或ATCC55796进行保藏的瑞士乳杆菌菌株。
3.权利要求1的抗紧张剂,其中所述的发酵酸乳是活菌形式。
4.权利要求1的抗紧张剂,其中所述的发酵酸乳是灭菌形式。
5.具有抗紧张作用、含有权利要求1的抗紧张剂的功能食品。
6.权利要求5的功能食品,其中所述的抗紧张剂的含量以发酵酸乳计为10-100w/w%.
7.权利要求5或6的功能食品,其中所述的功能食品的形式选自酸奶、乳性乳酸菌饮料、奶酪、含有发酵酸乳的加工食品、保健食品、粉状食品和颗粒食品。
8.权利要求5-7任一项的功能食品,还包括选自糖、蛋白质、脂类、维生素、矿物质、矫味剂、色素及它们的混合物的成分。
9.发酵酸乳在在制备具有抗紧张作用的抗紧张剂或功能食品中的应用。
10.权利要求9的应用,其中所述的抗紧张剂或功能食品的口服剂量以酸乳干品计,不小于0.1g/体重Kg·日。
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JP2018075036A (ja) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-05-17 | 株式会社明治 | シトルリン含有発酵乳およびその製造方法 |
EP3782632A4 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2021-12-15 | Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. | ANTISTRESS COMPOSITION |
JP2020039308A (ja) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-19 | キリンホールディングス株式会社 | 労働パフォーマンスの向上用組成物 |
JPWO2022196488A1 (zh) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-22 |
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TWI667029B (zh) * | 2014-03-04 | 2019-08-01 | 日商朝日飲料股份有限公司 | 鎮靜用之自律神經調節劑及其製造方法、晝夜節律改善劑及其製造方法、以及香化組成物 |
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JP4065038B2 (ja) | 2008-03-19 |
MY124559A (en) | 2006-06-30 |
CZ299912B6 (cs) | 2008-12-29 |
ZA976989B (en) | 1999-05-06 |
BG103228A (en) | 2000-05-31 |
ES2239784T3 (es) | 2005-10-01 |
AU3782897A (en) | 1998-02-25 |
DE69733215D1 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
EP0966969A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
AR009005A1 (es) | 2000-03-08 |
TR199900233T2 (xx) | 1999-06-21 |
DE69733215T2 (de) | 2006-02-16 |
KR20000029867A (ko) | 2000-05-25 |
KR100331141B1 (ko) | 2002-04-01 |
MXPA99001203A (es) | 2004-11-22 |
CN1232400A (zh) | 1999-10-20 |
CZ38699A3 (cs) | 1999-07-14 |
ID19984A (id) | 1998-09-03 |
EP0966969B1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
JPH1045610A (ja) | 1998-02-17 |
US6596301B1 (en) | 2003-07-22 |
BR9711126A (pt) | 2000-01-11 |
WO1998005343A1 (fr) | 1998-02-12 |
EP0966969A4 (en) | 2000-04-26 |
AU719204B2 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
TW445136B (en) | 2001-07-11 |
SK14599A3 (en) | 2000-03-13 |
PT966969E (pt) | 2005-08-31 |
ATE294586T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
CA2262652C (en) | 2004-02-10 |
CA2262652A1 (en) | 1998-02-12 |
SK285323B6 (sk) | 2006-11-03 |
BG63074B1 (bg) | 2001-03-30 |
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