CN107531400B - 通过密封而连接有过滤元件的单杯式胶囊 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于制备饮料的单杯式胶囊,该单杯式胶囊包括侧壁和底部,该侧壁和该底部一起限定空间,过滤元件在所述空间内被密封到该底部上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产饮料的单杯式胶囊,该单杯式胶囊具有侧壁和基底,该侧壁和该基底一起限定空间,其中,过滤元件在该空间内被密封到该基底上。
背景技术
这种单杯式胶囊从现有技术已知并且例如用于生产咖啡或茶或咖啡类的饮料,如意式浓咖啡。例如,文件EP 1 792 850 B1、EP 1 344 722 A1和US 2003/0172813 A1披露了用于制备咖啡和意式浓咖啡的单杯式胶囊。这些单杯式胶囊优选地以截头锥体或圆柱体的方式成形并且例如由热成型塑料膜或通过塑料注塑模制工艺来生产。它们通常具有带环绕凸缘的侧壁、用于待提取和/或待溶解以用于生产饮料的饮料基质的开放填充侧、以及胶囊基底,其中,被支撑在胶囊基底上的过滤元件被安排在饮料基质与胶囊基底之间。在已经将过滤元件引入并密封到单杯式胶囊基底上并且已经引入饮料基质之后,用覆盖膜封闭该单杯式胶囊,该覆盖膜例如被密封或粘性结合到凸缘上。为了制备咖啡饮料,将单杯式胶囊引入制备器具的冲泡腔室。在将单杯式胶囊引入冲泡腔室之前、之后或过程中,该单杯式胶囊优选地在其基底侧打开,并且在冲泡腔室已经密封之后,借助于刺穿器件对该单杯式胶囊的被封闭膜封闭的填充侧进行穿孔。随后,在压力下将制备液体(优选地热水)递送到单杯式胶囊中。制备液体流过饮料基质并且从饮料基质中提取和/或溶解生产饮料所需的基质。为了制备意式浓咖啡,例如使高达20巴的冲泡水压作用在咖啡粉上以便提取精油。
文件DE 10 2012 109 186 A1此外披露了一种具有过滤元件的单杯式胶囊,该过滤元件借助于环形密封接缝被密封到该单杯式胶囊的基底上,其中,该密封接缝的内直径是该过滤元件的直径的67%至77%并且该密封接缝的外直径是该过滤元件的直径的84%至94%,以便减少在所生产的饮料的表面处的泡沫形成。
这种解决方案的缺点在于,密封接缝相对地靠近过滤元件的外周边来定位,并且因此在该单杯式胶囊的生产过程中过滤元件相对于密封工具的精确定位是必需的。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种单杯式胶囊,该单杯式胶囊不具有现有技术的缺点并且可以尤其更简单并且更成本有效地进行生产。
该目的是通过一种用于生产饮料的单杯式胶囊来实现的,该单杯式胶囊具有侧壁和基底,该侧壁和该基底一起限定空间,其中,过滤元件在该空间内通过基本上环形的密封接缝被密封到该基底或承载元件上,其中,该过滤元件包括非织物,并且其中,该密封接缝的外直径是该过滤元件的直径的55%至75%。
与现有技术相比,根据本发明的单杯式胶囊具有的优点在于,密封接缝的外直径距过滤元件的外周边有相对较大的距离,从而在该单杯式胶囊的生产过程中过滤元件相对于密封工具的精确定位并非必需。同时,已经出人意料地发现,在基于非织物的过滤元件的中心可获得的有效过滤面积的关联减小不导致饮料生产有任何减损。因此,与从现有技术已知的单杯式胶囊相比,根据本发明的单杯式胶囊可以更简单并且更成本有效地进行生产,而不使饮料质量劣化。优选地,该密封接缝的外直径是该过滤元件的直径的60%至70%。该单杯式胶囊尤其填充有饮料原料,例如,速溶咖啡粉、研磨烘焙咖啡豆、混配茶叶、可可粉、奶粉和/或诸如此类。还可设想的是,不将过滤元件直接地密封到单杯式胶囊的基底上,而是将其密封到安排在该单杯式胶囊的内部中的承载元件上。该承载元件用于承载过滤元件并且优选地搁置在基底上或与基底间隔开。承载元件例如可以是注塑模制的硬质塑料。
过滤元件被设置为圆盘状的方式并且优选地具有圆形的截面。在本发明的含义内,过滤元件的直径尤其包括该过滤元件的这个截面的最大直径或平均直径。使过滤元件与单杯式胶囊的基底以材料结合的方式相连接的密封接缝优选地通过超声波焊接进行附接。优选地,在密封之后,该过滤元件在密封接缝的区域中是不透液体的。
该密封接缝的内直径优选地是该过滤元件的直径的45%至65%并且优选地50%至60%。已经表明的是,通过密封接缝的这样的内直径,在过滤元件的中心仍可获得足够大的有效过滤面积,以便用单杯式胶囊快速地生产高质量的饮料。密封接缝的宽度则优选地是1毫米至1.5毫米。
在绝对意义上,过滤元件的直径优选地在24毫米至36毫米之间并且特别优选地在29毫米至31毫米之间。
对于用于生产茶、咖啡、意式浓咖啡等等的单杯式胶囊,过滤元件(或非织物材料)优选地包括在每平方米50克至500克之间、特别优选地在每平方米75克至250克之间、并且非常特别优选地基本上每平方米100克的面密度(也被称为克重或表面重量)。
优选地,非织物材料的表面被处理、优选地被热处理,以便例如固定疏松的纤维。优选地只在过滤元件的背离饮料原料的一侧上进行热处理,以便扭结或连结纤维使得纤维不进入饮料中。在过滤元件的另一侧(即,在面朝饮料原料的一侧)上,过滤元件优选地被压延、特别优选地被点式压延。以此方式,减小了非织物材料的体积,并且因此在单杯式胶囊内可以获得更多的用于饮料原料的空间。然而,还可设想的是,在两侧上对过滤元件进行热处理。
本发明的另一个主题是一种用于生产饮料的单杯式胶囊,该单杯式胶囊具有侧壁和基底,该侧壁和该基底一起限定空间,其中,过滤元件在该空间内通过基本上环形的密封接缝被密封到该基底或承载元件上,其中,该过滤元件包括毡,并且其中,该密封接缝的外直径是该过滤元件的最大直径的75%至85%。
与现有技术相比,根据本发明的单杯式胶囊(类似于以上描述的单杯式胶囊)再次具有更简单并且更成本有效地生产的优点。然而,已经表明的是,当使用基于毡材料的过滤元件时,密封接缝的外直径必须被选择为在某种程度上大于在基于非织物材料的过滤元件的情况下的外直径,以便不使所生产的饮料的质量有所减损。此外,通过这个直径,在所生产的饮料上此外有利地实现了非常少的泡沫形成。优选地,为此目的,该密封接缝的外直径是该过滤元件的最大直径的80%±2%。
该密封接缝的内直径优选地是该过滤元件的最大直径的66%至76%并且特别优选地71%±2%。
基于毡材料的过滤元件的截面优选地具有多边形并且尤其六边形的形式。在本发明的含义内,在多边形的拐角处测量最大直径。在该多边形的拐角的区域中,该过滤元件的最大直径优选地在26毫米至37毫米之间并且特别优选地在31毫米至32毫米之间。在该多边形的边缘的区域中,该过滤元件的最小直径优选地在23毫米至35毫米之间并且特别优选地在28毫米至30毫米之间。替代性地,然而还可设想的是,基于毡材料的过滤元件(与基于非织物材料的过滤元件类似)配备有圆形的截面。
优选地,过滤元件具有毡结构。具体地,它是针刺毡结构。优选地,过滤元件由至少一个毡结构和承载结构(尤其织物结构)构成,其中,特别优选地,该毡结构组成该承载结构的体积的至少一部分。优选地,该毡结构在该承载结构的整个截面上延伸,但是特别优选地仅在高度的子区域上延伸。优选地,该毡结构以形式配合、力配合和/或材料结合的方式连接至该承载结构。优选地,过滤元件具有两个或更多个毡结构,这些毡结构优选地通过承载结构彼此分开。这两个毡结构的厚度可以相同或不同。优选地,面朝粉末或茶的毡结构比面朝胶囊基底的毡结构更薄,或反之亦然。
优选地,毡结构的表面被处理、例如被热处理,以便例如固定疏松的纤维。优选地只在过滤元件的背离饮料原料的一侧上进行热处理,以便扭结或连结纤维使得纤维不进入饮料中。在过滤元件的另一侧(即,在面朝饮料原料的一侧)上,过滤元件优选地被压延、特别优选地被点式压延。以此方式,减小了毡材料的体积,并且因此在单杯式胶囊内可以获得更多的用于饮料原料的空间。然而,还可设想的是,在两侧上对过滤元件进行热处理。
优选地,具有毡结构的过滤元件仅铺设在胶囊中、尤其在其基底上。然而,过滤元件还可以尤其通过材料结合来连接至胶囊、尤其该胶囊的基底。在穿孔过程中,穿孔器件可以穿入这个过滤元件。优选地,具有一个或多个毡结构以及承载结构的若干过滤元件彼此上下地安排在胶囊中并且任选地连接在一起。
例如生产具有承载结构(尤其织物结构)和毡结构的过滤元件在于,可获得由纵向线和横向线构成的织物结构。为了构造毡、尤其针织毡,优选地选择0.8dtex至7dtex的单纤维。这些单独的纤维优选地通过针织生产工艺连接在一起以形成毡和/或被锚固在承载结构中。在这种情况下,具有反向倒钩的多个针以高速刺穿送入的纤维包并且从其中缩回。通过这些倒钩,这些纤维以产生多个环的方式相互环结和/或与织物承载纤维环结。
对于用于生产茶、咖啡、意式浓咖啡等等的单杯式胶囊,具有一个或多个毡结构的过滤元件(或承载元件)优选地包括在每平方米100克至1500克之间、特别优选地在每平方米650克至1300克之间、并且非常特别优选地基本上每平方米1150克的面密度(也被称为克重或表面重量)。
在具有基于毡材料的过滤元件的实施例中,该过滤元件优选地具有在0.8毫米至3.3毫米之间、特别优选地在1.1毫米至3.0毫米之间、并且非常特别优选地1.2毫米至1.4毫米(对于生产茶)、并且2.6至3.0(对于生产咖啡)的厚度。在具有基于非织物材料的过滤元件的实施例中,该过滤元件优选地具有在0.2毫米至0.8毫米之间、特别优选地在0.25毫米至0.39毫米之间、并且非常特别优选地基本上0.32毫米的厚度。
在下文中描述的特别优选的实施例涉及具有基于非织物材料的过滤元件的单杯式胶囊、并且涉及具有基于毡材料的过滤元件的单杯式胶囊。
在优选实施例中,密封接缝的宽度是1毫米至1.5毫米。
优选地,单杯式胶囊的基底具有基本上平坦的部分,该基本上平坦的部分以圆形的方式形成并且其外直径是过滤元件的直径的84%至94%。平坦部分的外圆周优选地邻接珠缘,该平坦部分借助于该珠缘在某种程度上与可能的支撑物间隔开。此外,珠缘在平坦的基底与侧壁之间形成过渡部并且给予单杯式胶囊稳定性。优选地,过滤材料延伸到珠缘的区域中并且在不与其接触的情况下至少部分地覆盖后者。
根据优选实施例,该基底具有足够大的间隙,使得当饮料流出/流动穿过这个间隙时基本上不发生压降。这个间隙优选地在过滤元件密封到胶囊基底上之前已经结合到胶囊基底中。在制备操作之前,优选地用膜或类似物封闭该间隙,所述膜能够被剥掉或被刺穿构件穿孔。
优选地,过滤元件的直径比单杯式胶囊在基底水平处的内直径小、尤其小1%至5%。然而还可设想的是,过滤元件的直径大于基底的直径。过滤元件的周边则在基底的周边处折起。
参照附图,本发明的进一步的细节、特征和优点可以从附图中并且从对多个优选实施例的以下说明中得出。在这种情况下,这些附图仅展示了本发明的示例性实施例,这些示例性实施例并不限制基本的本质概念。
附图说明
图1a示出了根据本发明的第一示例性实施例的单杯式胶囊与密封工具一起的示意性截面视图。
图1b示出了根据本发明的第一示例性实施例的单杯式胶囊的示意性平面视图。
图2示出了根据本发明的第二示例性实施例的单杯式胶囊的示意性平面视图。
参考符号清单
1 单杯式胶囊
1.1 基底区域
1.2 侧壁
1.3 基底区域/侧壁的过渡部、珠缘
1.4 凸缘
1.5 凸缘上的突出部、密封面
1.6 间隙
1.7 空间
2 过滤元件、毡、非织物
3 密封工具
3.1 密封面
5 基底1.1与侧壁1.2之间的过渡区域
6 托架
7 密封接缝
L1 密封接缝的外直径
L2 密封接缝的内直径
L3 过滤元件的直径
L4 基底的平坦部分的直径。
具体实施方式
图1a和图1b根据第一实施例示意性地展示了根据本发明的单杯式胶囊1(在图1a中与密封工具3一起)。单杯式胶囊1以基本上截头锥体的方式实施并且具有环绕的侧壁1.2和基底区域1.1。侧壁1.2和基底区域1.1限定空间1.7,过滤元件2位于该空间中,在本情况下,该过滤元件具有毡结构。过滤元件2借助于密封工具3被密封到单杯式胶囊1的基底1.1上,从而形成密封接缝7,该密封工具在其下端处具有密封表面3.1。在这种情况下,单杯式胶囊1至少部分地保持在密封工具3的托架6上。单杯式胶囊1的基底1.1具有圆形的平坦部分,该圆形的平坦部分的外端邻接环形的珠缘1.3,该珠缘同时代表在基底1.1与侧壁1.2之间的过渡区域5。借助于珠缘1.3,基底1.1的平坦部分与可能的支撑件(该珠缘位于其上)间隔开。在该平坦部分中提供有间隙1.6(在这种情况下为圆形间隙),该间隙优选地足够大,使得当所生产的饮料从单杯式胶囊1流出时不发生明显的压降和/或所生产的饮料没有涡旋。一旦已经将过滤元件2尤其通过超声波密封到单杯式胶囊1的基底上并且已经将密封工具3从单杯式胶囊1移除,就用饮料基质、例如用混配茶或研磨咖啡来填充该单杯式胶囊并且然后优选地用膜封闭该单杯式胶囊,该膜被密封或粘性结合到凸缘1.4上,该凸缘以环形的方式邻接侧壁。为此目的,该凸缘优选地具有用作被限定的密封面的突出部1.5。
根据本发明,现在提出,以环形的方式提供密封接缝7并且密封接缝的外直径L2是过滤元件2的最大直径L3的75%至85%、优选地80%±2%、在这种情况下为79%。由于密封接缝7的这种安排,当正在生产饮料时、尤其在生产咖啡的过程中不产生明显的泡沫并且可以相对简单并成本有效地生产单杯式胶囊1。优选地,密封接缝的内直径L1是过滤元件2的最大直径L3的66%至76%、特别优选地71%±2%、在这种情况下为71%。图1b揭示了,在本实例中的过滤元件2的横截面被构型为具有六个拐角和六个边缘的六边形的形式。表述“过滤元件2的最大直径L3”在此被理解为是指在拐角的区域中的直径。在该多边形的拐角的区域中,过滤元件2的最大直径L3尤其在26毫米至37毫米之间、优选地在31毫米至32毫米之间。在该多边形的边缘的区域中的过滤元件2的最小直径尤其在23毫米至35毫米之间并且优选地在28毫米至30毫米之间。替代性地,然而还可设想的是,过滤元件2具有圆形截面,例如,具有在24毫米至36毫米之间并且优选地在29毫米至31毫米之间的直径。
优选地,密封接缝的宽度是1.5毫米。在焊接过程中,过滤元件2连接至胶囊基底1.1。然而,同时,毡结构还至少部分地被压缩并且优选地固定在压缩状态下。毡结构中的横向流动优选地至少在焊缝7的区域中受限。此外,过滤元件的外直径优选地被设置为大于过滤基底的平坦部分的外直径。优选地,胶囊基底的平坦部分的外直径L4是过滤元件的直径L3的84%至94%、在这种情况下为90%。因此,过滤元件2在不接触珠缘的底部的情况下突出到珠缘的区域中。此外优选地,过滤元件的外直径L3小于单杯式胶囊在基底的区域中的直径。优选地,密封接缝与间隙1.6同中心地设置在胶囊基底中。
图2展示了根据本发明的第二实施例的单杯式胶囊1。根据第二实施例的单杯式胶囊1基本上对应于根据第一实施例的单杯式胶囊1(并且因此参照图1a)。仅有的区别在于,在根据第二实施例的单杯式胶囊1中的过滤元件2由无纺布生产并且具有圆形的截面。此外,现在根据本发明提出,密封接缝L2的外直径是过滤元件2的最大直径L3的55%至75%、优选地60%至70%、在这种情况下为67%,并且密封接缝的内直径L1是过滤元件2的最大直径L3的45%至65%、特别优选地50%至60%、在这种情况下为58%。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于生产饮料的单杯式胶囊(1),该单杯式胶囊具有侧壁(1.2)和基底(1.1),该侧壁和该基底一起限定空间(1.7),其中,过滤元件(2)在该空间(1.7)内通过基本上环形的密封接缝(7)被密封到该基底(1.1)或承载元件上,其中,该过滤元件(2)包括非织物,其特征在于,该密封接缝的外直径(L1)是该过滤元件(2)的直径(L3)的60%至70%,该密封接缝的内直径(L2)是该过滤元件(2)的直径(L3)的50%至60%,该过滤元件(2)的直径(L3)在24毫米至36毫米之间,该密封接缝的宽度是1毫米至1.5毫米。
2.如权利要求1所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,该基底(1.1)具有基本上平坦的部分,该基本上平坦的部分的外直径(L4)是该过滤元件(2)的直径(L3)的84%至94%。
3.如前述权利要求之一所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,该基底(1.1)具有足够大的间隙,使得当饮料穿过该间隙(1.6)流出时基本上不发生压降。
4.如权利要求1所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,该过滤元件(2)的直径(L3)比该单杯式胶囊(1)在该基底(1.1)的水平处的内部尺寸小1%至5%。
5.如权利要求1所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,该过滤元件(2)以多层的方式形成。
6.如权利要求1所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,该过滤元件(2)的最大直径(L3)大于该基底(1.1)的直径。
7.如权利要求1所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,包括非织物的该过滤元件的面朝该空间的至少一侧被压延。
8.如权利要求5所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,包括非织物的该过滤元件的面朝该空间的至少一侧被点式压延。
9.如权利要求1所述的单杯式胶囊(1),其特征在于,包括非织物的该过滤元件的背离该空间的至少一侧被热处理。
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