CN106972025A - 薄膜晶体管阵列基板 - Google Patents
薄膜晶体管阵列基板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106972025A CN106972025A CN201610809247.7A CN201610809247A CN106972025A CN 106972025 A CN106972025 A CN 106972025A CN 201610809247 A CN201610809247 A CN 201610809247A CN 106972025 A CN106972025 A CN 106972025A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sublayer
- atom number
- conductive layer
- indium zinc
- zinc atom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- NJWNEWQMQCGRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium zinc Chemical group [Zn].[In] NJWNEWQMQCGRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 183
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 29
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 21
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 6
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- JYMITAMFTJDTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[Zn+2] JYMITAMFTJDTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003781 PbTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920012266 Poly(ether sulfone) PES Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DZLPZFLXRVRDAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Zn++].[In+3] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Zn++].[In+3] DZLPZFLXRVRDAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRHKULZDDYWVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxozinc;tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn].[Zn]=O HRHKULZDDYWVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGRWKWACZDFZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum tungsten Chemical compound [Mo].[W] MGRWKWACZDFZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QNDQILQPPKQROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc Chemical compound [Zn]=[Zn] QNDQILQPPKQROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002305 electric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/45—Ohmic electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/124—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or layout of the wiring layers specially adapted to the circuit arrangement, e.g. scanning lines in LCD pixel circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/44—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/38 - H01L21/428
- H01L21/441—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/44—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/38 - H01L21/428
- H01L21/441—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes
- H01L21/443—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/46—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/428
- H01L21/461—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/428 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/4763—Deposition of non-insulating, e.g. conductive -, resistive -, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/47635—After-treatment of these layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/46—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/428
- H01L21/477—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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Abstract
本发明提供一种薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其第二导电层为多层结构,所述多层结构的第二导电层还形成为间隔设置的源极和漏极,第二导电层至少包含:第一子层,其位于通道层上且与所述通道层电连接;第二子层,其位于所述第一子层上;第三子层,其位于所述第二子层上;所述第一子层、第三子层包含含有铟和锌的金属氧化物材料;所述第一子层中的铟锌原子比大于所述第三子层中的铟锌原子比;所述第二导电层中形成有一凹槽位于所述源极和所述漏极之间,所述第一子层和所述第三子层铟锌原子比的差异影响蚀刻过程中凹槽的轮廓的形成,导致该凹槽在所述第三子层的宽度大于该凹槽在所述第一子层的宽度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种半导体技术,特别涉及一种薄膜晶体管(TFT)阵列基板。
背景技术
平面显示装置具有机身薄、省电、无辐射等众多优点,得到了广泛的应用。现有的平面显示装置主要包括液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)及有机电致发光器件(Organic Electroluminescence Device,OELD),也称为有机发光二极管(Organic LightEmitting Diode,OLED)。平板显示装置中,薄膜晶体管(TFT)常用作像素电极的开关元件。一般而言,TFT的源极与漏极通过蚀刻形成,蚀刻过程中,容易形成一些不良的结构,影响装置性能。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提供一种可以改善性能的薄膜晶体管阵列基板。
该薄膜晶体管阵列基板包括多个薄膜晶体管、第一导电层及第二导电层,该薄膜晶体管包括栅极、通道层、源极和漏极;第一导电层包含栅极;
通道层,其与所述栅极绝缘设置;
第二导电层,其位于所述通道层一侧,
所述第二导电层为多层结构,所述多层结构的第二导电层还形成为间隔设置的源极和漏极,其中,
多层结构的第二导电层至少包含:
第一子层,其位于通道层上且与所述通道层电连接;
第二子层,其位于所述第一子层上;
第三子层,其位于所述第二子层上;
所述第一子层、第三子层包含含有铟和锌的金属氧化物材料;
所述第一子层中的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比大于所述第三子层中的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比;
所述第二导电层中形成有一凹槽位于所述源极和所述漏极之间,该凹槽在所述第三子层的宽度大于该凹槽在所述第一子层的宽度。
本发明的阵列基板通过在第二导电层上形成多层子层,第一子层与第三子层中铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重不同,所述第一子层和所述第三子层铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重的差异影响蚀刻过程中凹槽的轮廓的形成,使该凹槽在所述第三子层的宽度大于该凹槽在所述第一子层的宽度。所述具有多层结构的第二导电层的阵列基板具有良好的电性效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明较佳实施例薄膜晶体管阵列基板的局部平面示意图。
图2为本发明较佳实施例薄膜晶体管阵列基板的TFT元件的剖面结构示意图。
图3A~3D为图2中Ⅲ处经图案化处理后的多层导电层的不同轮廓的放大图。
图4为本发明另一较佳实施例薄膜晶体管阵列基板的TFT元件的剖面结构示意图。
图5A~5G为制造本发明一实施例薄膜晶体管阵列基板的TFT元件的各步骤的示意图。
主要元件符号说明
下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明较佳实施例的薄膜晶体管阵列基板的布局示意图。图1揭示一种TFT阵列基板,其包括多个像素单元10,所述多个像素单元10排布形成一个多行多列的矩阵。每个像素单元10包括至少一个TFT元件100和至少一个像素电极120。TFT元件100是一种低场效应的晶体管,由半导体薄膜、导电薄膜和介电层构成,所述不同材质的薄膜通常设置在支撑结构(比如绝缘基底101)上。每个TFT元件100包括一个栅极102以及一对可相互切换功能的源极1051和漏极1052。像素电极120在显示器中用于驱动液晶(图未示)。像素电极120与TFT元件100的源极1051或者漏极1052连接。TFT元件100作为开关,选择性地控制像素电极120的开与关,由此控制进入像素电极区域的电荷载体的流量(比如电子)。
像素单元10矩阵通过网状的信号传导线相互连接,所述信号传导线包括与TFT元件100的栅极102连接的多条栅极线111(在图中横向延伸)和将TFT元件100的源极1051或者漏极1052之一连接的多条数据线112(在图中纵向延伸)。结构上,栅极线111和数据线112可由一个或者多个设置在支撑结构上的图案化的导电层形成。为了节省基底101上有限的平面区域,栅极线111和数据线112可以设置在基底101上的不同层级。栅极线111用于电性连接所述TFT元件100与位于基底101上的栅极驱动芯片(图未示)。另一方面,数据线112可将所述TFT元件100与位于基底101上的源极驱动芯片(图未示)进行电性连接。在当前的平面直角显示器,TFT阵列基板可以形成很多像素单元10,以提高分辨率。
由信号传导线构成的网络承担着像素单元和驱动芯片之间的电性连接,信号传导线的电性传导功能极大地影响平面显示器的性能,尤其是在大面积和/或高清晰度显示设备的应用。可将导线在基底101上有限的平面区域进行合理配置以利于提高显示器性能。另外,为了满足高解析度的要求,则需要最小化导线的宽度同时减少其电阻/阻抗。
图2为一TFT元件100的剖面示意图。TFT元件100设在起支撑作用的基底101的一主要表面上。基底101通常为绝缘材料制成。适合做基底101的材料通常包括具有足够透光度的玻璃、石英和塑料(比如应用于可见光谱中电磁辐射的视觉显示)。在一些实施例中,基底101可包含陶瓷和硅材料。在其他的实施例中,基底101会采用柔性基底材料。柔性基底材料可选自以下列举的一种或者几种的组合:聚醚砜(PES)、酸乙二酯(PEN)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和不锈钢。
TFT元件100包括栅极102,设在栅极102上的栅极绝缘层103,设在栅极绝缘层103上且与栅极102绝缘的通道层104,以及形成为源极1051和漏极1052的第二导电层105,该第二导电层105设在通道层104上且与通道层104电连接。在基底101主要表面上设置第一导电层,所述第一导电层的一部分可图案化形成TFT元件100的栅极102,一部分可蚀刻形成栅极线111,栅极线111用于栅极102与设置在基底101上的栅极驱动芯片之间进行电传导。优选地,栅极线111和TFT元件100的栅极102同时沉积可以简化TFT装置的加工制造。第一导电层的材料可以选自铝(Al)、银(Ag)、金(Au)、钴(Co)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、铟(In)、锰(Mn)、钼(Mo)、镍(Ni)、钕(Nd)、(pd)钯、铂(Pt)、钛(Ti)、钨(W)、锌(锌)、及其他合适的导电材料中的至少一种。为了实现更高的光效率,在一些实施例中,第一导电层可以为透明传导材料,例如氧化铟锡(ITO)、铟氧化锌(IZO)、掺铝氧化锌(AZO)、或上述物质的组合。
栅极绝缘层103可以在第一导电层的特定区域提供保护,在结构上保护栅极102(和/或第一级信号传导线)避免栅极102与设备的其他部分电连接造成短路。栅极绝缘层103可以选自氧化硅(SiOx),氮化硅(SiNx)、氧氮化硅(SiOxNy)、氧化铝(AlOx)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化铪(HfOx)、氧化锆(ZrOx)、氮化铝(AlN)、铝氮氧化物(AINO)、氧化钛(TiOx)、钛酸钡(BaTiO3)、和钛酸铅(PbTiO3)等介电材料中的至少一种。在一些具体实施例中,高介电材料可以用作TFT元件100的绝缘层,高介电材料可包括:Li、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Sc、Y、Zr、Hf、Al、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu等上述物质的氧化物及这些氧化物的混合物。一个栅极绝缘层103包含介电材料,用于与栅极连接,该栅极绝缘层103相比传统的多晶硅材料通常可以提高电性能。
在一些具体实施例中,栅极绝缘层103可包含多层结构,根据实际应用和操作的需求,多层栅极绝缘层103可以包含具有不同介电材料和不同厚度的子层。栅极绝缘层103中的介电子层可以调整结构中界面的性能,例如减少不同材料层之间的界面损伤或者提供其他结构上的保护。在一些实施例中,栅极绝缘层103包含位于栅极102上的第一介电子层,其主要成分为氮化硅(SiNx)。栅极绝缘层103还包含位于栅极上的第二介电子层,其主要成分为氧化硅(SiOx)。栅极介电层覆盖在通道层104上,可有效避免TFT元件100的栅极102和源极1051、漏极1052形成短路。
所述通道层104形成载流子可从其中穿过的TFT元件100的半导体/活性区。栅极102形成在通道层104下方,这种结构可被称为“底栅型”TFT。通道层104由合适的半导体材料构成,包括氧化物半导体、单质半导体、化合物半导体、和合金半导体材料中的至少一种;所述氧化物半导体、单质半导体、化合物半导体、和合金半导体材料可为非晶状、晶体状、或多晶状。在一些实施例中,通道层104包括铟-镓-锌氧化物、铟-锌-锡氧化物、铟-镓-锡氧化物、和铟-铝-锌氧化物材料中的至少一种。在另一些实施例中,通道层104主要包括氢化非晶硅(a-Si:H)。非晶硅材质的通道材料提供了很好的电子迁移率(比如约为0.1~1cm2v-1s-1)且薄膜均匀度高,因此具有经济价值,可大规模生产。在其他的一些实施例中,通道层104包含低温加工的多晶硅材料(比如低温多晶硅,LTPS)。LTPS通道有很高的电子迁移率(比如大概100~200cm2v-1s-1),但是需要很高的制造成本,特别是大尺寸显示设备的应用中。
在一些实施例中,通道层104可由锌(Zn)氧化物、铟(In)氧化物、锡(Sn)氧化物、镓(Ga)氧化物、和铪(Hf)氧化物中的至少一种半导体氧化物材料构成。在本实施例中,通道层104由铟-镓-锌氧化物(IGZO)组成。对半导体氧化物的组分没有特定的比例限定,并可添加其他成分。IGZO通道层薄膜具有高均匀性和高电子迁移率,适用于大面积的应用(混合物成分的含量比例可以调节,以实现电子迁移率优于10cm2v-1s-1且具有低漏电流)。IGZO材料的高电子迁移率和低漏电流可以在阵列基板显示器中最小化设备且提高显示分辨率。
第二导电层105设置在通道层104上,其图案化可形成TFT元件100的源极1051和漏极1052。例如第二导电层105的特定部分可设在通道层104上与通道层104电连接。第二导电层105可以与像素单元相互连接。例如,第二导电层105图案化还可以形成数据线112,数据线112横向连接分布在基底101上的源/漏极和数据线驱动芯片。数据线112和源极1051、漏极1052同时沉积可以降低装置的复杂性(从而降低制造复杂性和成本)。
如图2所示,第二导电层105经图案化形成位于TFT元件100的栅极102上且间隔的源极1051和漏极1052。第二导电层105的图案化可以由合适的蚀刻工序(比如湿法蚀刻)所实现,使第二导电层105中形成一凹槽106以将第二导电层105分成两间隔的部分,这两部分形成为TFT元件100的源极1051和漏极1052(源极和漏极可互换)。图2表示一种在源极1051和漏极1052之间凹槽,该凹槽侧壁与通道层呈一定角度。下面将会进一步讨论TFT元件100凹槽侧壁的平整度和侧壁与通道层的倾斜角度以实现TFT100更好的结构和更好的电性能。
至少部分第二导电层105包含多层结构,如三层结构。例如,在TFT元件100的源极1051或漏极1052,多层结构的第二导电层105可以包含与通道层104电连接的第一子层105-1,设在第一子层上的第二子层105-2,设在第二子层上的第三子层105-3。在一些实施例中,多层结构并不会被应用在整个第二导电层105中。例如,第二导电层105的特定区域可以根据设备需求和/或设计构想的需要,由双层或者单层子层所构成。
第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3主要由含有一种以上的化学元素以特定原子含量比例组合的导电化合物构成。在一些实施例中,第一子层105-1(可被称为底隔离层,即bottom barrier layer,简称为BBL)主要包含透明氧化物(TCO)导电材料。例如透明氧化物导电材料可以包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)、铟锌氧化物(IZO)、镓锌氧化物(GZO)、铝锌氧化物(AZO)和其它合适的氧化物。第二子层105-2(可被称为中间导电层,即middle conductivelayer,简称为MCL)主要由有效地导电材料构成。例如,第二子层105-2可由金属和金属合金材料中至少一种构成。在一些实施例中,第二子层105-2可包含铝、铜、锰、钼、和钼钨材料中的至少一种。第三子层105-3(可被称为顶盖层,即top capping layer,简称为TCL)可由与第一子层105-1相似的材料但原子含量比例不同的一种材料构成,例如透明氧化物导电材料可以包括铟锡氧化物(ITO)、铟锌氧化物(IZO)、镓锌氧化物(GZO)、铝锌氧化物(AZO)和其它合适的氧化物。
在一些实施例中,上述多层导电结构可以被应用于形成栅极线111和/或栅极102。然而,栅极线111和/或栅极102材料的选择和成分比例不需要与数据线112和S/D电极相同,可以根据具体地设计需求或者其他实际因素决定。此外,本发明所揭示的多层导电结构不仅可以在“底栅型”(如图2所示)所采用,亦可以在“顶栅型”所应用。
第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3可以增加第二子层105-2和其他元件之间的粘合强度,由此增强TFT元件100的结构完整性。此外,第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3可以由具有扩散阻挡作用的材料构成,实现材料的高导电性。例如铜(Cu)(或它的合金)具有低电阻/电抗,其出众的电性能适用于高效导电的应用。同时,在加工过程中,铜是一种在装置结构中容易自身扩散/迁移的活性的材料。铜原子扩散到设备中部分的位置上(比如通道区)会降低设备性能(也就是铜污染)。第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3可以作为扩散阻挡层将铜原子限制在电子设备的合适区域,以此增强信号传导的质量以提高设备的可靠性。此外,第一子层105-1提供一欧姆接触缓冲界面位于第二子层105-2(比如本案中主要包含铜材料)和通道层104(比如本案中主要包含IGZO材料)之间。第二导电层105的第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3的材料可以根据蚀刻性能(比如蚀刻速率)进行选择。例如,通过导电氧化材料与第二子层105-2的蚀刻速率的差异以确定第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3的材料。例如,当第二子层105-2主要由铜构成时,第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3主要包括ITO或者IZO。对第二导电层105的材料的正确选择对减少制造成本有重要意义。例如,容易进行湿法蚀刻材料(比如IZO)可以减少对昂贵的制造设备(比如干法蚀刻设备)的依赖和/或工艺处理时间。
在一些具体实施例中,通道层104的平均厚度范围大概在200~350埃。在一些具体实施例中,第一子层105-1的平均厚度在200~300埃。在一些实施例中,第二子层105-2的平均厚度在2000~3500埃。在一些实施例中,第三子层(TCL105-3)的平均厚度在200~350埃。实际的层厚度可根据应用需求和/或实际需要决定。
图3A~3D展示了在多层结构的第二导电层105经图案化得到不同的蚀刻凹槽的轮廓(比如图2中圆圈部分的放大图)。图3A~3D具体说明了不同的材料成分配比在第二导电层105的第三子层105-3和第一子层105-1对蚀刻侧面轮廓的不同影响。第二导电层105的第三子层105-3组成成分元素的不同含量比例可以影响其蚀刻凹槽的轮廓(凹槽侧壁)的形成。综上,第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3的成分含量比例的调整(例如含量比例的差异)对TFT元件100形成合适的凹槽侧壁有重要作用。
图3A表示第二导电层105的第一种凹槽的侧壁(在第一子层105-1一定的含量比例下)。图3A中所示的凹槽侧壁呈一定的角度均匀倾斜,在许多应用中能对TFT元件100的结构和电方面产生有利的影响。图3A所示的实施例中,第三子层和第一子层均包含含有铟(In)和锌(Zn)的金属氧化物,在某些情况下,在用蚀刻剂进行图案化过程中,第二导电层105中铟(In)组分的蚀刻速率明显比锌(Zn)组分的慢。同时,铟(In)一般具有更优良的导电性,铟(In)和锌(Zn)以一定比例组成可以使子层的导热性和加工能力达到微妙的平衡。
在一些实施例中,第一子层105-1的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比(或者其他合适测量手段的铟锌含量比)大于第三子层105-3的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比。第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3中铟锌比的不同有利于在源极1051和漏极1052之间形成合适的凹槽的侧壁轮廓,该凹槽在第三子层105-3的宽度比凹槽在第一子层105-1的宽度要大。
图3B表示第二导电层105的第二种凹槽的侧壁(在不同的子层成分比例方案下)。图3B中所示的凹槽侧壁相当于第三子层105-3蚀刻不足的情况,使第二导电层105具有一部分突出结构。在本实施例中,这种突出的特征主要出现在第三子层105-3。是由于第三子层105-3铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重过多导致的蚀刻速度过慢。这种突出结构是不理想的,这种突出的几何构造会降低整个半导体装置(TFT元件100)的结构完整性。例如,第二导电层105的第三子层105-3的突出结构必然使下面的子层形成一定的阴影区域,将可能阻碍后续元件的沉积/形成。例如,这种突出结构将使TFT元件100的第三子层105-3和第二子层105-2/第一子层105-1之间的子层交界区产生空隙。这种空隙不利于TFT元件100的结构完整性。比如,第三子层105-3(以及随后在其上形成的其他元件)可能在物理上从底层(特别是在柔软性平板装置的应用中)隔离(比如剥离)。同时,第二导电层105中的空隙也会改变装置的电性能(如电容特性)。
图3C表示第二导电层105的第三种凹槽的侧壁(在不同的子层成分比例方案下)。图中所示的凹槽侧壁相当于第一子层105-1蚀刻不足的情况,即在第二导电层105底部残留尾部。是由于第一子层105-1铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重过多导致的,使其在第一子层105-1中的蚀刻速率过慢。在TFT元件100中,过长的剩余尾部在第二导电层105靠近通道层104上的区域会影响到通道层104的有效长度。例如,在第一子层105-1中的剩余尾部会减少通道层104的有效长度,因此影响TFT元件100的电性能。同时,剩余尾部会导致通道区域(如源极1051和漏极1052之间的区域)的蚀刻过浅,导致更高的寄生电容。
图3D表示第二导电层105的第四种凹槽的侧壁(在不同的子层成分比例方案下)。图中所示的凹槽侧壁相当于在第三子层105-3层底部蚀刻过度的情况,导致在第二导电层105的蚀刻部分生成咬边结构。在一些实施例中,咬边结构首先出现在底部子层区域,这可能是锌在第一子层105-1中含量过多且在第三子层105-3和第一子层105-1中铟锌比中差异不足导致的。如上所述,咬边结构在结构完整性中是不利的,会降低整个半导体装置(如TFT元件100)的结构完整性。例如,TFT元件100中靠近(或在下面)的位置会产生咬边结构,对TFT元件100的结构和电性能产生不利影响。结果使第一子层105-1上面的子层(如第二子层105-2,第三子层105-3和其它后续形成在上面的元件)更容易形成物理性的伤害(例如底层的断裂),特别是在柔性面板装置的应用中。
请再次参考图3A,在制造半导体装置中生成图中所示的剖面结构需要一种特定的工艺条件。综上,保持合适的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比差异足够大可保证具有一定倾斜角度的凹槽侧壁的形成(如图3A所示)。再次参阅图2,第二导电层105中形成的两个相对的侧面(凹槽106形成在该两个侧面之间)在源极1051和漏极1052之间配合形成一个尺寸逐渐变小的凹槽,该凹槽在所述第三子层105-3的宽度大于该凹槽在所述第一子层105-1的宽度。
如前述,铟锌比在第一子层105-1大于第三子层105-3。再如,第一子层105-1中的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比可定义为第一铟锌比(也就是说In(BBL):Zn(BBL)=R1,以%表现)。同样的,在第三子层105-3中铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比可以定义为第二铟锌比(也就是说In(TCL):Zn(TCL)=R2,以%表现)。在本实施例中,为了实现图2和图3A所示的蚀刻侧壁,应使多层结构的第二导电层105的第一铟锌比R1大于第二铟锌比R2(即R1>R2)。
例如,在一实施例中,铟原子个数在第三子层105-3的铟锌原子个数总量中占0.15,锌原子个数在第三子层105-3的铟锌原子个数总量中占0.85,因此,第三子层105-3的第二铟锌比大概为17.6%(即R2=In(TCL):Zn(TCL)=0.15/0.85)。另一方面,铟原子个数和锌原子个数在第一子层105-1的铟锌原子个数总量中分别占为0.35和0.65。因此,第一子层105-1的第一铟锌比大概为53.8%(即R1=In(BBL):Zn(BBL)=0.35/0.65)。在子层的不同比例下(R1>R2)可产生图2所示的向下尺寸逐渐变小的凹槽。
第三子层105-3与第一子层105-1的铟锌含量比例的差异可能大于临界值以维持在蚀刻时的最佳工艺条件。据发现第三子层105-3的第二铟锌比与第一子层105-1第一铟锌比之差在大于或等于20%的可使得在第二导电层105得到最佳性能。例如前面的实施例中,第一子层105-1的第一铟锌比与第三子层105-3的第二铟锌比的差大概为36%(即R1–R2=53.8%-17.6%),满足上述条件。一个满足临界值的合适的配比可以防止出现图3D中所述的不良的咬切结构。
再如,在一些实施例中,第一子层105-1中的第一铟锌比范围大致为25%~80%。在其他一些实施例中,第一子层105-1中的第一铟锌比范围大致为45%~70%。另一方面,在一些实施例中,第三子层105-3中的第二铟锌比范围大致为5%~40%。在其他一些实施例中,第三子层105-3中的第二铟锌比范围大致为10%~35%。在本案公开的实施例中,通过对第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3之间的铟锌比之差的调整,影响源极1051和漏极1052之间的凹槽106的侧壁的平整度的和侧壁与通道层的角度。此外,在一些实施例中,凹槽的侧壁与所述通道层表面形成呈40度~80度的夹角。第二导电层105的凹槽侧壁与通道层104的钝角会加重突出或者咬切特征,如前所述从而影响后续元件的整合。另一方面,在蚀刻导电层的过程中过度的蚀刻可能使侧壁与通道层104的角度在高密度的设备中浪费额外的平面空间且对设备通道层的长度有不利的影响。除此之外,过浅的侧壁与通道层104的角度会在相应的区域内引起更高的寄生电容。在一些实施例中,第二导电层105的锥形夹角在60和70度之间,在适当的工艺条件中可实现以确保设备可靠性。
图4揭示的是一实施例的一种阵列基板的TFT元件100的剖面示意图,该TFT元件100包括源极1051和漏极1052。如图4所示,在一些实施例中,第二导电层105可以包括一个或者多个子层。例如,在实施例中,第二导电层105在第一子层105-1和第二子层105-2之间进一步包含一个附加子层105-4。附加子层105-4可由包含铟和锌的金属氧化物组成。附加子层105-4的铟锌比大于第三子层105-3的第二铟锌比且小于第一子层105-1的第一铟锌比。附加子层105-4的铟锌比的定义与第一铟锌比类似,是指附加子层105-4中的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比。为了更进一步提高第二导电层105和通道层104接触界面的电性能(比如减少欧姆接触),至少一个附加子层105-4可插入在第一子层105-1与通道层104,最低的子层需要更高的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重以使第二导电层105的可蚀刻形成合适的凹槽。此外,在一些实施例中,第一子层105-1的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与附加子层105-4的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重的比值大于1小于或等于1.5。在更进一步的实施例中,可有多个附加子层105-4,如前所述的原因,靠近所述第一子层105-1的附加子层105-4的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重大于远离所述第一子层105-1的附加子层105-4的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重。
图5A~5G为制造TFT元件的各步骤的示意图。
图5A表示在基底101的主表面沉积第一导电层的剖面示意图。基底101为绝缘材料构成。在一些应用中,基底101合适的材料可包括具有足够透光度的玻璃、石英和塑料(比如应用于可见光谱中电磁辐射的视觉显示)。在一些应用中,基底101可包括陶瓷和/或硅材料。在一些应用中,可采用柔软性基底材料。柔软性基底材料可选自:聚醚砜(PES)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)中的至少一种。
第一导电层可运用合适的沉积技术形成在基底101上,包括物理性薄膜沉积法,比如物理气相沉积法(如PVD、PEPVD)以设在基底101上。接着第一导电层可以通过合适的蚀刻技术图案化,形成栅极线111和/或栅极102。集成信号传导线(比如栅极线111)和TFT元件100的电极(比如栅极102)可以降低装置结构的复杂性并以此减少制造的复杂性。
第一导电层的材料可选自铝(Al)、银(Ag)、金(Au)、钴(Co)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、铟(In)、锰(Mn)、钼(Mo)、镍(镍)、钕(Nd)、(pd)钯、铂(Pt)、钛(Ti)、钨(W)、和锌(Zn)中的至少一种。为了达到更好的光学效率,在一些实施例中第一导电层可选择透明导电材料,如氧化铟锡(ITO)、氧化铟锌(IZO)、掺铝氧化锌(AZO)、或其他的化合物。
图5B为在栅极102上沉积的栅极绝缘层103的剖面示意图。绝缘层103可通过运用适当的薄膜沉积技术(包括物理和/或化学薄膜沉积法)沉积以形成保护层防止栅极102与后续元件点连接而造成短路。绝缘层可由合适的介电材料如氧化硅(SiOx)、氮化硅(SiNx)、氧氮化硅(SiOxNy)、氧化铝(AlOx)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化铪(HfOx)、氧化锆(ZrOx)、氮化铝(AlN)、铝氮氧化物(AINO)、氧化钛(TiOx)、钛酸钡(BaTiO3)、钛酸铅(PbTiO3)中的一种或者多种构成。在一些实施例中,一种或者多种高介电材料用作TFT元件(如TFT元件100)的栅极绝缘体。高介电材料可包括:Li、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Sc、Y、Zr、Hf、Al、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu等上述物质的氧化物及这些氧化物的混合物。栅极绝缘层包含的高介电材料,可以用于与金属的栅极材料连接,其电性能比传统多晶硅材料更好。
图5C表示沉积通道层104的剖面示意图。通道层104可以通过合适的沉积技术包括物理性薄膜沉积法(比如物理气相法如PVD、PEPVD)在栅极绝缘层上沉积。通道层104可包含合适的半导体材料,如氧化物、单质半导体、化合物半导体、和合金半导体材料中的至少一种,所述氧化物半导体、单质半导体、化合物半导体、和合金半导体材料呈非晶状、晶体状、或多晶状。在一些实施例中,通道层可包含铟-镓-锌氧化物(IGZO)、铟-锌-锡氧化物(IZTO)、铟-镓-锡氧化物(IGTO)、铟-铝-锌氧化物(IAZO)中的至少一种。
通道层104可以图案化形成TFT元件(如TFT元件100)的半导体/活性区提供电子迁移的通道。根据通道材料的选择,通道层可通过单独的蚀刻工艺(相当于第一蚀刻掩膜,如本图所示)图案化。在此例中,后续的第二导电层105(如图5F中)可以单独通过第二蚀刻工艺(相当于第二蚀刻掩膜)图案化。然而,在一些实施例中,通道层104和第二导电层105的材料兼容性可以通过一种蚀刻掩膜一同蚀刻形成通道层104和第二导电层105。对蚀刻掩膜需求的减少可很大程度上降低工艺复杂性和制造成本。再如,半导体材料IGZO和透明材料IZO可以分别用作通道层104的材料和第二导电层105材料,以利于利用他们类似的蚀刻特性。
图5D是多层结构的第二导电层105(如第二导电层105第一子层105-1的沉积)初始沉积的横剖面。在该特定工艺中,第一子层105-1通过沉积法如物理气相法(如PVD,PEPVD)沉积在通道层104之上。在一些实施例中,第一子层105-1主要包含一种以上透明氧化物导电(TCO)材料,比如铟锡氧化物(ITO)、铟锌氧化物(IZO)、镓锌氧化物(GZO)、铝锌氧化物(AZO)和其它合适的组合中的至少一种构成。第一子层105-1可以提供为通道层(如材质为IGZO)和后续设在第一子层105-1上面的导电材料(如材质为Cu)之间的欧姆接触缓冲面,以此提高子层界面的电性能(如减少界面的电阻)。
图5D表示是第一子层105-1的一种选择性的处理方法。如前述,第二导电层105可包含多层部分,第二子层105-2(MCL)(图5E中)形成在第一子层105-1(BBL)之上。第二子层105-2和第一子层105-1均主要由导电材料构成,但二者的电性能可能有所不同。例如,在该例中,第一子层105-1主要包含TCO,第二子层105-2主要含金属材料(如Cu)。为了进一步提高第一子层105-1与第二子层105-2之间的电性能,一种选择性的处理方法为在沉积第二子层105-2(MCL)之前在第一子层中添加额外的氢(H)。额外的氢可通过氨气等离子处理、氢气退火工艺和/或其他合适的方法添加于第一子层中。
经测量(比如采用四探针电阻率测量法),对比一个没有经过氢化处理的子层(其氢含量大约为1021cm-3),处理后的第一子层105-1的氢含量应增加20%或以上。第一子层105-1氢含量的增加使薄膜结构的电荷密度增加,以此提高不同材料的子层界面之间的电性能(比如减少电阻)。在一些实施例中,氢化处理过的第一子层105-1可以使导电率增加10%或以上)。
如前述,第二导电层105使用合适的材料可以减少制造成本。例如,使用易于湿法蚀刻的材料(如IZO/Cu/IZO)可降低对昂贵制造设备需求(如干法蚀刻设备)和/或节约制造时间。
图5E是第二导电层105的其余子层(如第二子层105-2,第三子层105-3)的剖面示意图。该图表示第二、第三子层的第二种可选处理方法。在所示工艺中,第二子层105-3与第三子层105-3分别依次设置在第一子层105-1上。每个第二子层105-2(MCL)和第三子层105-3(TCL)可由合适的沉积技术形成,比如物理气相沉积法(如PVD,PEPVD)。第二子层主要由导电性好的材料构成,比如金属或金属合金。在一些实施例中,第二子层包含铝、铜、锰、钼、和钼钨材料中的至少一种。另一方面,在一些实施例中,第三子层包含透明导电氧化物材料,如铟锡氧化物(ITO)、铟锌氧化物(IZO)、镓锌氧化物(GZO)、铝锌氧化物(AZO)和其它合适的氧化物中的至少一种。第三子层与第一子层的材料相同但组分配比不同的材料构成。
更多的导电元件(如传导线/通道)可以设在半导体装置(TFT元件100)中的第三子层105-3上建立通讯连接路径并连接第三子层105-3。因此,为了进一步提高第三子层105-3材料和后续导电元件表面的电性能,第二种选择性的处理方法可以以相似的手段,即在第三子层105-3(TCL)以引入额外的氢(H)。如上所述,相比没有任何处理第三子层105-3,经氢化处理的第三子层105-3氢含量可增加20%以上的的氢含量。第三子层105-3氢含量的增加使薄膜结构的电子集中量增加,以此提高不同材料的子层界面之间的电性能(比如减少电阻)。在一些实施例中,氢化处理过的第三子层105-3可以使导电率增加10%或以上。
图5F为第二导电层105图案化形成源极1051和漏极1052的剖面示意图。在本实施例工序中,第二导电层105层通过图案化形成在装置栅极区(栅极102)上电分离的源极1051和漏极1052。第二导电层105的图案化可以由合适的蚀刻工艺实现(比如湿法蚀刻),以在第二导电层105上形成凹槽106,以将第二导电层105上的电分离成两部分,即装置的源极1051和漏极1052。如前所述,第二导电层105中不同元素含量的比例会影响其凹槽106侧壁的蚀刻。比如,对第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3成分比例的改变(比如它们之间不同的比例的成分比例)是TFT元件100形成理想凹槽106侧壁的重要因素。
在本实施例工序中,每个第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3可由含铟(In)和锌(Zn)的氧化物组成。此外,第一子层105-1的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比大于第三子层105-3的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比。如前述,第三子层105-3与第一子层105-1不同的铟锌比有利于在蚀刻第二导电层105上的凹槽106时得到合适的凹槽轮廓。此外,铟锌比的差异大于临界值可以确保合适的蚀刻剖面的形成。如该例中,第一子层105-1和第三子层105-3之间大于或等于20%的铟锌比利于在第二导电层105形成合适的蚀刻凹槽。在一些实施例中,第二导电层105中凹槽侧壁应当形成与通道层104表面呈40度~85度的夹角。
图5F所示,表示了一个形成于源极1051和漏极1052之间的凹槽106,凹槽106在第三子层105-3的宽度大于该凹槽106在第一子层105-1的宽度,凹槽侧壁平整且倾斜。需要指出的是,由于不同焦距的放大,很难确定精确的线性蚀刻面(如直线侧面剖面固定不变的斜率)。然而,如前述,在第二导电层105中对于材料成分的适当改变能够在第二导电层105的表面形成大致一致的斜率(如保持一个没有突出和/或者咬边这些中断的大致连续倾斜的侧面)。
同样的,现实情况中,一个固定的侧壁与通道层104的夹角不容易精确形成。然而,现实情况中侧壁与通道层104的夹角大致上有规律且不断开(如没有突起和/或咬边的形成),侧壁与通道层104的夹角会取一个平均值,如基底101和线性的凹槽侧壁形成了第二子层105-2的凹槽侧壁的上角和下角(如相当于第二子层105-2的低点和高点)。此外,在一些情况中,可采用其他决定侧壁与通道层104的夹角的方法。
如前述,在一些实施例中,第二导电层105可包含一个或者多个附加子层105-4。例如,一个附加子层105-4(图未示)可以设在第一子层(BBL)105-1和第二子层(MCL)105-2之间。附加子层105-4可以包括含铟和锌的金属氧化物,其铟锌比大于第三子层105-3(TCL)的铟锌比(小于第一子层105-1的铟锌比)。附加子层105-4以更高的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重插入在第一子层105-1下面可保持第二导电层105的蚀刻特性,因此,可进一步提高第二导电层105和通道层104接触面的电性能。在一些实施例中,可能有多于一个的附加子层105-4在第一子层105-1上,靠近第一子层105-1的附加子层的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重会比远离第一子层105-1的附加子层105-4的的铟锌含量要高。
图5G是沉积在半导体装置(TFT元件100)的第二导电层105的源极105-a/漏极105-b上的钝化层的剖面示意图。比如,一层或者多层钝化层107可设在第二导电层105层、凹槽侧壁以及通道层的上表面上,钝化层107可以保护TFT元件100面受后续制造工序的伤害。此外,特定的通道材料(如IGZO)对周围的条件很敏感(如氧气、水分)。绝缘的且足够厚的钝化层设在TFT元件100上以保护脆弱的装置结构免受潜在的环境伤害。在一些实施例中,钝化层107可以运用一种或者多种沉积手段(比如化学沉积手段如CVD/PECVD/MOCVD)共形地设在TFT元件100的表面上。由于钝化层107形成后,该半导体装置(TFT元件100)还可进行退火工序以对通道层进行激活。
以上实施方式仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施方式对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于,该薄膜晶体管阵列基板包括多个薄膜晶体管、第一导电层及第二导电层,该薄膜晶体管包括栅极、通道层、源极和漏极;第一导电层包含栅极;
通道层,其与所述栅极绝缘设置;
第二导电层,其位于所述通道层一侧,
所述第二导电层为多层结构,所述多层结构的第二导电层还形成为间隔设置的源极和漏极,其中,
多层结构的第二导电层至少包含:
第一子层,其位于通道层上且与所述通道层电连接;
第二子层,其位于所述第一子层上;
第三子层,其位于所述第二子层上;
所述第一子层、第三子层包含含有铟和锌的金属氧化物材料;
所述第一子层中的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比大于所述第三子层中的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比;
所述第二导电层中形成有一凹槽位于所述源极和所述漏极之间,该凹槽在所述第三子层的宽度大于该凹槽在所述第一子层的宽度。
2.如权利要求1中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第一子层与所述第二子层的铟锌原子比之差不小于20%。
3.如权利要求1中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第一子层和所述第二子层铟锌原子比的不同,使所述源极和所述漏极之间的所述凹槽的侧壁沿第三子层指向第一子层的方向凹槽的尺寸逐渐减小。
4.如权利要求3中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述凹槽的侧壁与所述通道层表面形成呈40度~85度的夹角。
5.如权利要求2中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第一子层的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比的范围为25%~80%。
6.如权利要求5中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第一子层的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比的范围为45%~70%。
7.如权利要求2中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第三子层的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比的范围为5%~40%。
8.如权利要求7中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第三子层的铟原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重与锌原子个数占铟锌原子个数总量的比重之比的范围为10%~35%。
9.如权利要求1中所述的薄膜晶体管阵列基板,其特征在于:所述第二子层含有一种金属或金属合金材料。
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CN114630920A (zh) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-06-14 | 应用材料公司 | 用于产生层堆叠物的方法和用于制造图案化层堆叠物的方法 |
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