CN106353365B - 气体传感器元件及气体传感器 - Google Patents
气体传感器元件及气体传感器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106353365B CN106353365B CN201610551101.7A CN201610551101A CN106353365B CN 106353365 B CN106353365 B CN 106353365B CN 201610551101 A CN201610551101 A CN 201610551101A CN 106353365 B CN106353365 B CN 106353365B
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- gas sensor
- conductive oxide
- sensor element
- oxide layer
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 194
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910003359 LaCo0.5Ni0.5O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Yb+3].[Yb+3] UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium oxide Chemical compound O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4075—Composition or fabrication of the electrodes and coatings thereon, e.g. catalysts
- G01N27/4076—Reference electrodes or reference mixtures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D11/30—Supports specially adapted for an instrument; Supports specially adapted for a set of instruments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4073—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/417—Systems using cells, i.e. more than one cell and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/419—Measuring voltages or currents with a combination of oxygen pumping cells and oxygen concentration cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-139520 | 2015-07-13 | ||
| JP2015139520A JP6192689B2 (ja) | 2015-07-13 | 2015-07-13 | ガスセンサ素子、及び、ガスセンサ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106353365A CN106353365A (zh) | 2017-01-25 |
| CN106353365B true CN106353365B (zh) | 2020-03-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610551101.7A Active CN106353365B (zh) | 2015-07-13 | 2016-07-13 | 气体传感器元件及气体传感器 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10012612B2 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP6192689B2 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN106353365B (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE102016212638B4 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6577408B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-09-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ素子およびガスセンサ |
| JP6877219B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2021-05-26 | 日本碍子株式会社 | センサ素子 |
| JP6809355B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-18 | 2021-01-06 | 株式会社デンソー | ガスセンサ |
| US10545064B2 (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2020-01-28 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Integrated pressure and temperature sensor |
| JP6904896B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-07-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ素子およびガスセンサ |
| JP2019105505A (ja) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-27 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ素子およびガスセンサ |
| WO2019150767A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ素子およびガスセンサ |
| JP6966356B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-02 | 2021-11-17 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ素子およびガスセンサ |
| JP7068138B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-26 | 2022-05-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガス検出素子およびガスセンサ |
| JP7389960B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-14 | 2023-12-01 | 富士電機株式会社 | 二酸化炭素ガスセンサ |
| JP7348004B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-10 | 2023-09-20 | 東京窯業株式会社 | 固体電解質センサ |
| US20220351595A1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-11-03 | Brian A Ryznic | Combination recessed light and smoke sensor and carbon monoxide sensor system |
| CN114813837B (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-08-13 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 生物柴油品质传感器及其制作方法和车辆 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101008630A (zh) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-08-01 | 株式会社电装 | 用于气体传感器的气体检测元件及制造该元件的方法 |
| CN101294929A (zh) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-29 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感器 |
| CN101413909A (zh) * | 2007-10-17 | 2009-04-22 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感器 |
| KR20100110763A (ko) * | 2006-06-27 | 2010-10-13 | 가부시키가이샤후지쿠라 | 한계 전류식 산소 센서 |
| CN102201579A (zh) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 电极材料、含有该电极材料的燃料电池单电池及其制造方法 |
| CN103998922A (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2014-08-20 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感器用电极及气体传感器 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5116089A (https=) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-02-09 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| US5527633A (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 1996-06-18 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Solid oxide fuel cells, a process for producing solid electrolyte films and a process for producing solid oxide fuel cells |
| JP2880044B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-26 | 1999-04-05 | 日立金属株式会社 | 磁気ヘッド用非磁性基板材料 |
| JP3417090B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-31 | 2003-06-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 固体電解質用電極材料 |
| US7153412B2 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2006-12-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Electrodes, electrochemical elements, gas sensors, and gas measurement methods |
| JP4936132B2 (ja) | 2007-09-04 | 2012-05-23 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサユニット |
| JP4989774B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-08-01 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 電極材料及びそれを含む固体酸化物型燃料電池セル |
| CA2869627C (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2018-06-12 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Sintered oxide compact and circuit board using same |
| JP6251059B2 (ja) | 2014-01-28 | 2017-12-20 | Hoya株式会社 | 電子内視鏡システム |
| US10629322B2 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2020-04-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Electrically conductive oxide sintered compact, member for electrical conduction, gas sensor, piezoelectric element, and method for producing piezoelectric element |
| JP6571383B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-13 | 2019-09-04 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ |
-
2015
- 2015-07-13 JP JP2015139520A patent/JP6192689B2/ja active Active
-
2016
- 2016-07-12 DE DE102016212638.5A patent/DE102016212638B4/de active Active
- 2016-07-12 US US15/207,690 patent/US10012612B2/en active Active
- 2016-07-13 CN CN201610551101.7A patent/CN106353365B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101008630A (zh) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-08-01 | 株式会社电装 | 用于气体传感器的气体检测元件及制造该元件的方法 |
| KR20100110763A (ko) * | 2006-06-27 | 2010-10-13 | 가부시키가이샤후지쿠라 | 한계 전류식 산소 센서 |
| CN101294929A (zh) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-10-29 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感器 |
| CN101413909A (zh) * | 2007-10-17 | 2009-04-22 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感器 |
| CN102201579A (zh) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 电极材料、含有该电极材料的燃料电池单电池及其制造方法 |
| CN103998922A (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2014-08-20 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 气体传感器用电极及气体传感器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102016212638B4 (de) | 2024-12-24 |
| JP2017020928A (ja) | 2017-01-26 |
| US20170016849A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
| JP6192689B2 (ja) | 2017-09-06 |
| DE102016212638A1 (de) | 2017-01-19 |
| US10012612B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 |
| CN106353365A (zh) | 2017-01-25 |
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