CN105658140A - 在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块 - Google Patents
在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括硬件切换机构和软件机构,其用于使自动切换呼气末二氧化碳监测模块在主流监测模式与侧流监测模式之间切换。与软件检测一起的硬件切换机构能够检测主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器和侧流取样线的连接并生成标志,以通知软件切换机构已连接的传感器或线。该软件切换机构通知模块中的控制器面板可用的监测系统,并且控制器面板以相应的模式分别运行该模块。该呼气末二氧化碳监测模块还包括连接器锁定机构,该连接器锁定机构用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器固定到该模块上并防止意外断开。
Description
交叉引用
本说明书要求于2013年5月30日提交的题为“在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块(CapnographyModulewithAutomaticSwitchingBetweenMainstreamandSidestreamMonitoring)”的美国专利临时申请第61/829,222号的优先权,通过引用将其全部内容结合于本文中。
技术领域
本说明书总体上涉及患者监测系统。更具体地说,本说明书涉及能够在主流监测(mainstreammonitoring)与侧流监测(sidestreammonitoring)之间自动切换的用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测(capnography)模块。
背景技术
患者监测系统是电子医疗系统,其测量患者的各项生命体征,收集并将所有的测量结果处理成数据,然后将这些数据以图形和/或数字的形式显示在显示屏上。图形数据在时间轴(波形)上作为数据通道连续地显示出来。患者监测系统放置于医院病床连接近,通常放置于加护病房中,通过连接到患者身上的测量装置连续地监测患者状况并可被医院人员查看。一些患者监测系统只可在本地显示器上查看,而其他患者监测系统则可连接到网络中,从而在其他地点显示数据,例如中央监测站或护士站。
便携式患者监测系统可供紧急医疗服务(EMS)人员使用。这些系统通常包括具有监测器的除颤器。其他便携式装置(例如霍尔特氏监测器)佩戴于患者身上一段时间后送回到医生那里,对已测量和收集的数据进行评价。现有患者监测系统可测量并显示各种生命体征,包括脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)、心电图(ECG)、有创血压(IBP)、无创血压(NIBP)、脑电图(EEG)、体温、心输出量、二氧化碳(CO2),混合静脉氧饱和度(SvO2)、脑电双频指数(BISx)和呼吸。患者监测系统能够测量和显示最大值、最小值、平均值和频率,例如,脉搏和呼吸率。已收集数据可通过固定线连接或无线数据通信进行传输。患者监测系统通过电力干线或电池供电。
现有患者监测系统通常包括呼气末二氧化碳监测模块(capnographymodule)。呼气末二氧化碳监测是对患者呼吸气体中二氧化碳(CO2)的浓度或分压进行监测。呼气末二氧化碳监测通常在麻醉期间或特护病房中使用。通过呼气末二氧化碳监测测定的CO2水平用于监测麻醉期间患者的生理状态和评估通气充足性。呼气末二氧化碳监测通常测量呼气末二氧化碳(ETCO2)(即患者呼气末的二氧化碳的浓度或分压),最低二氧化碳(MinCO2)和呼吸率。呼气末二氧化碳监测包括主流呼气末二氧化碳监测和侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测。主流呼气末二氧化碳监测通过直接连接至气管插管和呼吸电路之间的呼吸道的内嵌式红外传感器测量CO2水平。侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测包括收集所述呼吸电路的呼吸道气体样本。然后通过远程监测单元内的红外传感器来测量CO2水平。
虽然现有呼气末二氧化碳监测模块可有效监测患者呼出气中的CO2水平,但其也有自身的缺点。例如,可进行主流监测和侧流监测两者的现有呼气末二氧化碳监测模块需要在两个解析器之间进行手动切换。主流监测与侧流监测之间的手动切换经常包括暂时断开所述模块的电源和/或重启主机接口呼气末二氧化碳监测模块。这一操作不但耗时而且可导致CO2水平在短时间内未被监测到。因此,在不引起电源丢失或重启模块的情况下,需要一种可在两个分析器之间实现主流监测与侧流监测自动切换的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括:监测器连接器,用于将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至所述患者监测系统,所述监测器连接器提供用于在所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块与所述患者监测系统之间的数据传输的路径;主流连接器,用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;侧流端口(sidestreamport),用于将侧流取样线(sidestreamsamplingline)连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;主流气体值解析器(mainstreamgasvaluesparser),用于分析由连接至所述主流连接器的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,用于监测由连接至所述侧流端口的侧流取样线提供的气体;侧流气体值解析器,用于分析由所述侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;硬件切换机构,包括多个电路和在所述电路之间的通信接口;控制器电路,与所述硬件切换机构和所述患者监测系统的所述监测器进行通信;以及,软件切换机构,包括存储在非易失性存储器上的程序化指令,所述软件切换机构响应于由所述硬件切换机构生成的标志并且与所述控制器电路进行通信,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或所述侧流取样线中的任何一个分别物理连接到所述主流连接器或所述侧流端口时,所述硬件切换机构生成表示所连接的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或侧流取样线的标志,进一步地,其中,所述软件切换机构通过通知所述控制器电路所述主流气体值解析器单元或所述侧流气体值解析器单元中的任何一个的可用性而响应于所述标志,更进一步地,其中,所述控制器电路基于由所述软件切换机构指示的所述值解析器单元中哪个能够使用而在主流监测模式或侧流监测模式中自动地运行所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块。
可选地,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块进一步包括除气端口(gasscavengingport)。
可选地,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块进一步包括连接器锁定机构,连接器锁定机构用于将所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器牢固地连接到所述主流连接器上,以防止所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器从所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块意外断开。
该硬件切换机构可包括电源电流隔离电路以保护所述主流气体值解析器单元免于静电放电。可选地,所述硬件切换机构可进一步包括用于调节来自所述电源电流隔离电路的DC电源并且向所述主流气体值解析器单元提供调节后的5V电源的切换模式降压调节器。
可选地,所述硬件切换机构包括数据和控制线电流隔离电路,以保护所述主流气体值解析器单元免于静电放电。
可选地,所述硬件切换机构包括主流冷连接感测电路(mainstreamcoldconnectedsensingcircuit)以在所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块在所述侧流运行模式下运行时,检测主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的连接并且将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块保持在所述侧流运行模式中。可选地,所述硬件切换机构进一步包括用于所述主流气体值解析器单元的电流感测电路、放大器和平均电路(ampliferandaveragingcircuit)以及具有开漏输出(opendrainoutput)的比较器、以及用于所述侧流气体值解析器单元的电流感测电路、放大器和平均电路以及具有开漏输出的比较器,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器和所述侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块时,所述电路分别监测所述主流气体值解析器单元和所述侧流气体值解析器单元的电流电平的增加,进一步地,其中,当所述电流电平为高时,相应的所述比较器通知所述控制器面板相应的所述气体值解析器单元的可用性。可选地,所述硬件切换机构进一步包括用于接收来自所述主流冷连接感测电路和用于所述主流气体值解析器单元的具有开漏输出的所述比较器的信号的或门,进一步地,其中,所述或门基于所述信号确定所述主流气体值解析器单元是否能够使用。
可选地,所述主流气体值解析器单元和所述侧流气体值解析器单元配置有用于接收和发送数据的RS-232电压电平,并且所述控制器电路在5V的标准DC电源下工作,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括用于将所述气体值解析器单元的RS-232电压电平转换成标准晶体管-晶体管逻辑(TTL)信号电平的至少两个RS-232电平转换器。
可选地,所述硬件切换机构包括用于控制所述软件切换机构的双极双通开关(doublepoledoublethroughswitch)。
可选地,所述硬件切换机构包括选择线,所述选择线包括随着所述主流气体值解析器单元与所述侧流气体值解析器单元之间的电源切换而用于切换数据输入和输出的I/O引脚。
可选地,所述主流连接器包括9引脚DE-9主流值解析器连接器并且所述监测器连接器包括具有模块电源15引脚阳型连接器的同步数据链路控制(SDLC)协议。
本发明进一步提供了一种在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:设置用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括:监测器连接器,用于将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至所述患者监测系统的监测器,所述监测器连接器提供用于在所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块与所述患者监测系统之间的数据传输的路径;主流连接器,用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;侧流端口,用于将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;主流气体值解析器,用于分析由连接至所述主流连接器的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,用于监测由连接到所述侧流端口的侧流取样线提供的气体;侧流气体解析器,用于分析由所述侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;硬件切换机构,包括多个电路和在所述电路之间的通信接口;控制器电路,与所述硬件切换机构和所述患者监测系统的所述监测器进行通信;以及软件切换机构,包括存储在非易失性存储器上的程序化指令,所述软件切换机构响应于由所述硬件切换机构生成的标志并且与所述控制器电路进行通信,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或所述侧流取样线中的任何一个分别物理连接到所述主流连接器或所述侧流端口时,所述硬件切换机构生成表示所连接的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或侧流取样线的标志,进一步地,其中,所述软件切换机构通过通知所述控制器电路所述主流气体值解析器单元或所述侧流气体值解析器单元中的任何一个的可用性而响应于所述标志,更进一步地,其中,所述控制器电路基于由所述软件切换机构指示的所述值解析器单元中的哪一个能够使用而在主流监测模式或侧流监测模式中自动地运行所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至患者监测系统的监测器,所述患者监测系统进一步包括显示器;对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电;将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;检测所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器;将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作延迟预定时间段;将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作切换到所述主流监测模式,其中,将从所述主流气体值解析器单元获取的数据显示在所述显示器上;将侧流取样线连接至呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块继续在所述主流监测模式中运行;以及断开所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器的连接,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块然后自动切换到所述侧流监测模式。
该预定时间段可以是10秒。
本发明进一步提供了一种在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:设置用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括:监测器连接器,用于将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至所述患者监测模块的监测器,所述监测器连接器提供用于所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块与所述患者监测系统之间的数据传输的路径;主流连接器,用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;侧流端口,用于将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;主流气体值解析器,用于分析由连接到所述主流连接器的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,用于监测由连接到所述侧流端口的侧流取样线提供的气体;侧流气体值解析器,用于分析由所述侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;硬件切换机构,包括多个电路和在所述电路之间的通信接口;控制器电路,与所述硬件切换机构和所述患者监测系统的所述监测器通信;以及软件切换机构,包括存储在非易失性存储器中的程序化指令,所述软件切换机构响应于由所述硬件切换机构生成的标志并且与所述控制器电路进行通信,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或所述侧流取样线中的任何一个分别物理连接到所述主流连接器或所述侧流端口时,所述硬件切换机构生成表示所连接的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或侧流取样线的标志,进一步地,其中,所述软件切换机构通过通知所述控制器电路所述主流气体值解析器单元或所述侧流气体值解析器单元中的任何一个的可用性而响应于所述标志,更进一步地,其中,所述控制器电路基于由所述软件切换机构指示的所述值解析器单元中的哪个能够使用而在主流监测模式或侧流监测模式中自动地运行所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至患者监测系统的监测器,所述患者监测系统进一步包括显示器;对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电;将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;检测所述侧流取样线;将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作延迟预定时间段;将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作切换到所述侧流监测模式,其中,将从所述侧流气体值解析器单元获取的数据显示在所述显示器上;将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块继续在所述侧流监测模式中运行;以及断开所述侧流取样线的连接,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块接着自动切换到所述主流监测模式。
该预定时间段可以是10秒。
可选地,在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测自动切换的方法进一步包括重新连接所述侧流取样线的步骤,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块仍无限期地保持在所述主流监测模式中或者如果所述侧流取样线再次被断开,进一步地,其中,如果所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器被断开,则所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块切换到所述侧流监测模式。
可选地,在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测自动切换的方法进一步包括断开所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器的连接的步骤,使得所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块既不连接侧流取样线也不连接主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将既不在主流监测模式下运行也不在侧流监测模式下运行并且所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将发送消息到所述监测器以显示在所述显示器的屏幕上,从而通知用户传感器或取样线未连接。
可选地,在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测自动切换的方法进一步包括以下步骤:在对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电的步骤之前,将所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器和所述侧流取样线两者连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将既不在主流监测模式下运行也不在侧流监测模式下运行,并且所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将消息发送到所述监测器以显示在所述显示器的屏幕上,从而通知用户主流传感器和侧流取样线两者已连接。
在以下附图和详细描述中,将仅通过实例对本发明的一些实施方式进行深入描述。
附图说明
将结合附图参照详细描述更好地理解本发明的这些特征和其他特征及优点时,可获得本发明的这些特征和其他特征及优点的进一步理解。
图1是将具有连接到患者的主流和侧流监测的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的一个实施方式的示图;
图2A是根据本说明书的一个实施方式的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的斜前视图的示图;
图2B是根据本说明书的一个实施方式的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的部件的功能框图;
图3是示出了所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的所述软件切换机构的一个实施方式中的步骤的流程图;
图4是示出了所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的硬件切换机构的一个实施方式的框图;
图5是患者监测系统的显示器和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的一个实施方式的示图,并图示了连接到所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的主流适配器线;
图6是患者监测系统的显示器和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的一个实施方式的示图,并图示了连接到所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的侧流取样线;
图7是患者监测系统的显示器和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的一个实施方式的示图,并图示了传感器都未连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;以及
图8患者监测系统的显示器和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的一个实施方式的示图,并图示了主流适配器线和侧流取样线均连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块。
具体实施方式
本说明书公开了用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,该呼气末二氧化碳监测模块能够在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换。该呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括切换机构,该切换机构包括电子硬件,该电子硬件执行软件指令以实现在包括第一气体传感器的主流值解析器与包括第二气体传感器的侧流值解析器之间的切换。在不切断电源或重启主机接口呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的情况下,该模块可实现自动切换。在一个实施方式中,该主流值解析器和侧流值解析器两者连续监测ETCO2,MinCO2和呼吸率(respiratoryrate)。在一个实施方式中,该模块启动所述主流监测器和所述侧流监测器,从两个值解析器收集波形和数字信息,并将所述信息提供给患者监测系统的所述监测器进行显示。所述模块还根据主流和侧流值解析器主机接口说明书中规定的接口协议发送所述监测器的命令。在一个实施方式中,侧流适配器设于所述模块外壳内,且主流适配器通过所述模块内的9引脚连接器接合。
在各种实施方式中,本说明书的所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块用于与患者监测系统的监测器一起使用,例如,于2011年11月18日提交的本发明的申请人写的题为“可配置的患者监测系统(ConfigurablePatientMonitoringSystem)”的美国专利申请第13/300,462号所描述的监测器和于2013年5月15日提交的本发明的申请人写的题为“可配置的便携式患者监测系统(Configurable,PortablePatientMonitoringSystem)”的美国专利申请第13/895,270号所描述的监测器,通过引用将其全部内容结合于本文中。在各种实施方式中,本说明书的所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块配置为滑入上文已引用申请中所描述的监测器上的模块托架内。
本说明书的方法和/或装置的实施方式可包括通过手动、自动或二者结合的方式实现或完成已选择任务。通过使用部件(包括硬件、软件、固件或其组合)来实施本说明书的一些实施方式。在一些实施方式中,一些部件是专用的或定制的部件,例如,电路、集成电路或软件。
例如,在一些实施方式中,通过数据处理器或计算机执行的多个软件指令来实现实施方式。在一些实施方式中,所述数据处理器或计算机包括用于存储指令和/或数据的易失性存储器和/或用于存储指令和/或数据的非易失性存储器,例如,磁性硬盘和/或可移除介质。在一些实施方式中,实施包括用户接口,其一般包括一个或多个输入设备(例如,允许输入命令和/或参数)和输出设备(例如,允许上报操作参数和结果)。
通过多个实施方式对本发明进行说明。为使本领域内的技术人员实施本发明,提供了以下公开内容。本说明书中使用的语言不应解释为任何具体实施方式的一般否定或用于限制超出这本文使用的术语的含义的权利要求。在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的前提下,本文所限定的一般原则可用于其他实施方式和应用。并且,所使用的术语和用语是为了描述示例性实施方式,不应认为是限制性的。因此,本发明具有包含与所公开的原则和特征相一致的各种更改,修改和等同物的最广的范围。为清楚起见,在本发明涉及的技术领域中已知的技术材料未进行详细描述,以免本发明难以理解。
图1是具有连接到患者150身上的主流监测和侧流监测的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块100的实施方式的示图。对于主流监测,主流气体传感器121位于呼吸电路中。主流适配器线125将所述主流气体传感器121的数据传输到所述模块100中的主流值解析器122。对于侧流监测,侧流取样线115将气体样本提供给所述模块100中的侧流气体传感器111。同样位于模块100中的侧流值解析器112对侧流气体传感器111的数据进行分析。
图2A是根据本说明书的实施方式的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块200的斜前视图的示图。所述模块200包括除气端口205、侧流样本端口210和主流连接器220。侧流取样线215连接至侧流样本端口210。所述模块200中的侧流气体传感器(未示出)测量气体样本的CO2含量,所述气体样本由侧流取样线215通过所述侧流样本端口210提供。所述呼吸电路上的主流气体传感器(未示出)经由主流适配器线225发送已测量数据到所述模块200。在一个实施方式中,所述主流适配器线225由连接器锁定机构223连接至所述模块200的所述主流连接器220。所述连接器锁定机构223设计为将位于所述主流适配器线225的近端的电对接连接器固定至所述模块200的主流连接器220。所述连接器锁定机构223保护所述主流适配器线225免于从所述模块200上意外断开。
图2B是根据本说明书的实施方式的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块200的部件的功能框图。在一个实施方式中,呼气末二氧化碳监测模块200包括三个子单元。该子单元包括同步数据链路控制(SDLC)接口控制器面板230、主流气体值解析器单元222和侧流气体值解析器单元212。在一个实施方式中,控制器面板230进一步包括协议值解析器、切换器电路231以及电源管理电路232。所述控制器面板230经由已推荐标准RS-232通信接收所述主流气体值解析器单元222和所述侧流气体值解析器单元212的数据,并发送所述数据到患者监测系统的监测器(未示出)以将其显示在屏幕上。所述控制器面板230解析从所述值解析器单元222、212接收的数据并将已解码信息提供给所述监测器。控制器面板230通过具有模块电源15引脚阳型连接器233的SDLC协议与监测器进行通信。
控制器面板230经由RS-232连接直接与切换机构240进行通信。切换机构240通过9引脚DE-9连接器220并经由RS232接口与外部块228进行通信,外部块用于主流监测/分析且含有所述主流气体值解析器单元222。在一个实施方式中,切换机构240还与第一电源感测/电源控制硬件通知电路227进行通信,该硬件通知电路然后经由RS-232接口与9引脚DE-9连接器220进行通信。主流气体值解析器单元222直接从患者的呼吸道适配器(未示出)接收取样气体。主流气体值解析器单元222分析CO2含量并经由切换机构240和RS-232接口将数据提供给控制器面板230。
切换机构240还直接与内部块218进行通信,该内部块包含所述侧流气体值解析器单元212。在一个实施方式中,所述切换机构240还与第二电源感测/电源控制硬件通知电路217进行通信,硬件通知电路217再经由RS-232接口与内部块218的侧流气体值解析器单元212进行通信。侧流气体值解析器单元212通过连接到侧流样本端口210的侧流取样线(未示出)接收患者的取样气体。侧流气体值解析器单元212测量患者的呼入、呼出CO2电平。侧流气体值解析器单元212分析CO2含量并经由所述切换机构240和RS-232接口将数据提供给所述控制器面板230。
对于所有操作,切换机构240用于在主流气体值解析器单元222与侧流气体值解析器单元212之间进行切换。在一个实施方式中,需要在硬件层面和软件层面上实现两个值解析器222、212之间的切换。
图3是示出了呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的软件切换机构的实施方式中的步骤的流程图。在软件层面上,当呼气末二氧化碳监测模块首次打开,控制器面板将查找查找可用的主流和侧流值解析器的硬件并启动操作模式监测任务,以检查主流传感器或侧流取样线是否连接到所述模块上。在一个实施方式中,若主流传感器附接至模块,则控制器面板将从模块硬件接收端口引脚PB23“高”状态。若主流传感器未连接到模块,则控制器面板将从模块硬件接收端口引脚PB23“低”状态。主流传感器连接和断开状态由监测任务监测并确定已开启的操作模式。若主流传感器已连接,所述模块将开启所述主流监测模块。若所述侧流取样线已连接,则模块将开启侧流监测模块。在一个实施方式中,经由用户接口通知用户当前运行的模式。
参阅图3,当呼气末二氧化碳监测模块首次打开时,在步骤350中,控制器面板确定已连接传感器的类型。若主流传感器已连接且传感器类型已确定,则在步骤352中实施10秒延迟。在10秒延迟之后,在步骤353中,模块切换到主流气体值解析器单元。在步骤354中,即使侧流取样线已连接,模块在主流监测模式下运行并继续在主流监测模式下运行。在步骤356中,若主流传感器已连接,则控制器面板再次确定步骤350中已连接传感器的类型。
若在步骤350中侧流取样线已连接且传感器的类型已确定,则在步骤362中实施10秒延迟。在10秒延迟之后,在步骤363中,模块切换到侧流气体值解析器单元。在步骤364中,即使主流取样线已连接,模块在侧流监测模式下运行并继续在侧流监测模式下运行。在步骤366中,若侧流取样线已连接,在步骤350中,控制器面板再次确定已连接的传感器的类型。
当呼气末二氧化碳监测模块首次打开时,若传感器都未连接,则控制器面板将识别出缺少传感器,将没有值解析器或操作模式被选择且所述用户接口将在步骤372中显示“无法监测-无传感器/取样线”。若在步骤373中主流传感器或取样线已连接,在步骤350中,控制器面板再次确定已连接传感器的类型。呼气末二氧化碳监测模块首次通电时,若主流传感器和侧流取样线都已连接,则控制器面板将识别出两种类型的传感器都已连接,将没有值解析器或操作模式被选择且用户接口将在步骤375中显示“无法监测-MS和SS都已连接”。在步骤376中,主流传感器和取样线中至少一个已连接,在步骤350中,控制器面板再次确定已连接传感器的类型。
图4是示出了呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的硬件切换机构400的实施方式的框图。如前所述,控制器面板430依据呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作模式接收主流气体值解析器单元422或侧流气体值解析器单元412的气体数据。在所述模块上进行两个值解析器422、412之间的自动切换。硬件切换机构400包括主流监测部426和另一侧流监测部416。
主流监测部426包括启用/禁用开关480m,其用于结合上面图3所述的软件所决定的操作状态,开启或关闭主流气体值解析器单元422。对主流气体值解析器单元422来说,需要对控制命令硬件电路进行电流隔离。
具有静电放电(ESD)保护电路481的主流电源电流隔离将可耐受2500V均方根(RMS)的电源和电流隔离提供给主流气体值解析器单元422。具有静电放电(ESD)保护电路481的主流电源电流隔离从模块提供的5V电源482m中生成所述主流气体值解析器单元422所需的已隔离5V电源。具有静电放电(ESD)保护电路481的主流电源电流隔离包括已隔离高频变压器,其由具有关联二次全波整流器的全桥斩波电路驱动。所述全桥金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)斩波电路由死区时间控制的振荡器和驱动器电路。高压高漏电陶瓷电容器电路用于保护所述主流气体值解析器单元422免于静电放电(ESD)。所述电容器阻止所述已隔离电路关于模块的非隔离电路的突变并为ESD提供了通过电路进行放电的路径,从而保护主流气体值解析器单元422。主流ESD保护电路481与下文所描述的数据和控制线电流隔离电路490一同允许所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块在保证电流隔离的同时,满足所有电磁干扰和电磁兼容性(EMI/EMC)标准的安全测试。
开关模式降压调节器483用于调节原始未调节直流电源484,所述直流电源来自所述具有静电放电(ESD)保护电路481的主流电源电流隔离。该电路的输出提供所述主流气体值解析器单元422所需的稳定、非常稳压的5V电源。电流感测电路485m用于测量流过主流气体值解析器单元422的电流。所述电流大小可粗略地表明所述主流气体值解析器单元422的健康状况。放大器和平均电路486m用于将电流传感信号放大到适当的决策电平。随着放大,并入平均电路来消除主流气体值解析器单元422在运行时电流消耗瞬态期间引起的任何快速变化。
从电气功能角度出发,具有开漏输出的比较器487m用于通知所述软件切换机构使用所述主流气体值解析器单元422。开漏比较器487m输出用于上拉电阻,从而生成硬件标志以通知所述控制器面板430可使用所述主流气体值解析器单元422。在运行时的期间每当主流传感器被连接且正在监测侧流时,主流冷连接感测电路488用于通知所述软件切换机构针对使用情况进行适当的操作。标准数字的或门489用于组合所述主流冷连接感测电路488和所述具有开漏电路的比较器487m的两个通知。所述比较器487m将其输出发送到所述或门489,并且,依次地,发送到所述控制器面板430以通知所述控制器面板430所述主流气体值解析器单元422的功能“可靠”。
数据和控制线电流隔离电路490用于为所述路径提供数据和控制信号491m以通过主流气体值解析器单元422和控制器面板430。通过所述数据和控制线电流隔离电路490,所述控制器面板430可接收所述主流气体值解析器单元422的数据,且所述主流气体值解析器单元422不使用时,所述控制器面板430可开启或关闭所述主流气体值解析器单元422。在一个实施方式中,标准通用隔离电路用于提供所需要的功能,同时可耐受2500VRMS的电流隔离要求。通过所述数据和控制线电流隔离电路490和上文所述的主流ESD保护电路481,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块在保证电流隔离的同时,满足所有电磁干扰和电磁兼容(EMI/EMC)标准的安全测试。在一个实施方式中,所述数据和控制线电流隔离电路490对所述主机电气系统进行电气隔离。
在主流监测部426上设有用于数据接收和发送的RS-232电平转换器492m。所述控制器面板430和切换机构在5V标准直流电源下工作。所述主流气体值解析器单元422配置有用于数据接收和发送的RS-232电压电平。所述RS-232电平转换器492m将RS-232信号电平493m转换成标准TTL信号电平。在一个实施方式中,所述RS-232电平转换器492m是标准通用转换器。
在侧流监测部416上,硬件切换机构进一步包括启用/禁用开关480s,其用于基于上面所述的软件决定的操作状态,开启或关闭所述侧流气体值解析器单元412。启用/禁用开关480s经由侧流启用/禁用控制线496与所述控制器面板430进行通信。所述模块通过电流感测电路485s为所述侧流气体值解析器单元412提供5V电源482s。所述电流感测电路485s用于测量流过所述侧流气体值解析器单元412的电流。所述电流大小可粗略地表明所述侧流气体值解析器单元412的健康状况。放大器和平均电路486s用于将电流传感信号放大到适当的决策电平。随着放大,同时并入平均电路来消除侧流气体值解析器单元412在运行时电流消耗瞬态期间引起的任何快速变化。
从电气功能角度出发,具有开漏输出的比较器487s用于通知所述软件切换机构可使用所述侧流气体值解析器单元412。开漏比较器487s输出用于上拉电阻,从而生成硬件标志以通知491s所述控制器面板430可使用所述侧流气体值解析器单元412。
在侧流监测部416上设有用于数据接收和发送的RS-232电平转换器492s。所述控制器面板430和切换机构在5V标准直流电源下工作。所述侧流气体值解析器单元412配置有用于数据接收和发送的RS-232电压电平。所述RS-232电平转换器492s将RS-232信号电平493s转换成标准TTL信号电平。在一个实施方式中,所述RS-232电平转换器492s是标准通用转换器。
双极双通开关494用于在所述主流气体值解析器单元422和所述侧流气体值解析器单元412之间切换控制器面板430的接收和发送数据线。低导通状态电阻开关用于避免任何引起的误码率。基于使用情况,双极双通开关494完全受控于所述软件切换机构。控制器面板430与双极双通开关494能够通过通用异步接收器/发送器(UART)端口497进行通信。主流或侧流选择线引脚495是控制器面板430的I/O引脚,在所述软件切换机构的控制下,I/O引脚在所述主流气体值解析器单元422和所述侧流气体值解析器单元412之间切换数据输入输出线。在一个实施方式中,为减轻所述软件切换机构的负担,在控制器面板430的微控制器或微处理器中使用很少的端口引脚来切换主流和侧流硬件部件。这一切换功能转移到电源控制线482m、482s的启用/禁用开关480m、480s。若所述主流传感器已连接或所述主流气体值解析器单元422借助于所述或门489可靠运行,则所述具有开漏输出的比较器487m用于通知所述面板430的所述微控制器或微处理器。当侧流取样线已连接时,所述具有开漏输出的比较器487s直接通知面板430的微控制器或微处理器。
图5是患者监测系统的显示器530和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块500的实施方式的示图,并图示了连接到所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块500的主流适配器线525。所述主流适配器线525通过位于其近端的连接器锁定机构523连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块500上的主流连接器515。所述主流适配器线525的远端包括主流气体传感器(未示出),所述主流气体传感器位于所述患者的呼吸道中。在呼气末二氧化碳监测模块500上还图示了除气端口505和侧流样本端口510。在前景中图示了未连接的侧流取样线516。所述显示器530包括数字531、波形532CO2含量和呼吸率533的信息。所述显示器530还包括文本“主模式”535,以通知用户所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块500在主流监测状态下工作。
图6是患者监测系统的显示器630和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块600的一个实施方式的示图,图示了连接到所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块600的侧流取样线615。所述侧流取样线615连接至位于其近端的所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块600上的侧流样本端口610。侧流取样线615的远端(未示出)获取所述呼吸电路的气体样本并将其提供给呼气末二氧化碳监测模块600中的侧流气体传感器。在呼气末二氧化碳监测模块600上还图示了除气端口605和主流连接器620。在前景中图示了未连接的主流适配器线625,其包括位于其近端的连接器锁定机构623和位于其远端的主流传感器621。所述显示器630包括数字631、波形632CO2含量和呼吸率633的信息。所述显示器630还包括文本“侧模式”635,以通知用户呼气末二氧化碳监测模块600在侧流监测状态下工作。
图7是患者监测系统的显示器730和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块700的实施方式的示图,并图示了传感器都未连接至呼气末二氧化碳监测模块700。呼气末二氧化碳监测模块700包括除气端口705、侧流样本端口710和主流连接器720。在前景中图示了未连接的主流适配器线725,其包括位于其近端的连接器锁定机构723和位于其远端的主流传感器721。在前方还图示了未连接的侧流取样线715。所述显示器730包括文本“无法监测-无传感器/取样线”735来代替波形信息。在一个实施方式中,在所述屏幕736的底部重复了所述文本。此外,在一个实施方式中,所述显示器包括一系列问号“???”737来代替数字信息。
侧流气体值解析器单元与模块一体成型并硬连接在模块中。在硬件层面上,电流传感电阻连续监测所述侧流值解析器所消耗的电流。将所述电流数据放大、过滤并发送至具有固定参考的计算机。比较器输出逻辑高(已连接)或低(未连接)并反映了所述侧流气体值解析器单元的可用性。比较器将其输出发送至所述控制器面板,以通知所述控制器面板所述侧流气体值解析器单元的功能“可靠”。
在软件层面上,所述操作模式监测任务将通过硬件输入检测所述侧流传感器或所述主流传感器的不可用性,且所述模块将上文所述的警告消息“无法监测-无传感器/取样线”发送给显示器。显示器将消息呈现在参数显示区域内,以通知用户传感器都未连接。
若侧流传感器已连接并依次断开,则所述模块将同样的警告消息“无法监测-无传感器/取样线”发送给所述显示器。将继续显示所述消息直到主流传感器或侧流传感器已连接。
图8患者监测系统的显示器830和呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800的实施方式的示图,并图示了主流适配器线825和侧流取样线815均连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800。主流适配器线825通过位于其近端的连接器锁定机构823连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800上的主流连接器820。所述主流适配器线825的远端包括主流气体传感器821,在主流操作模式期间,所述主流气体传感器821位于所述患者的呼吸道内。所述侧流取样线815连接至位于其近端的所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800上的侧流样本端口810。在侧流模式操作期间,所述取样线815的远端获取所述呼吸电路的气体样本并将其提供给所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800中的侧流气体传感器。在呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800上还图示了除气端口805。
若在对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块800供电之前,主流适配器线825和所述侧流取样线815,则所述显示器830将包括文本“无法监测-MS和SS都已连接”835来代替波形信息。在一个实施方式中,在所述屏幕836的底部重复了该文本。此外,在一个实施方式中,显示器包括一系列问号“???”837来代替数字信息。当在对所述模块供电之前,两个传感器都已连接,所述硬件通过设置硬件标志来通知所述软件切换机构无法操作。
在软件层面上,所述操作模式监测任务将通过硬件输入检测所述侧流传感器和所述主流传感器的可用性,且所述模块将上文所述的警告消息“无法监测-MS和SS都已连接”发送给所述显示器。所述显示器将所述消息呈现在参数显示区域内,以通知所述用户传感器都已连接。
在另一个实施方式中,当在运行时期间传感器都已连接,则所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块继续在当前模式进行监测。所述硬件通过设置硬件标志来通知所述软件切换机构。在软件层面上,在侧流监测期间,若主流传感器已连接,所述模块将继续在侧流监测模式中进行监测。当所述用户断开所述侧流取样线后,所述软件切换机构将所述模块切换到主流监测。
在另一个实施方式中,当所述主流传感器已连接,而所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块正监测所述侧流,则所述主流冷连接感测电路(硬件层面)检测这一状况但不开启所述主流值解析器。然后,基于使用情况,所述主流冷连接感测电路通知所述软件切换机构进行适当的动作。在软件层面上,除非移除所述侧流取样线,否则所述软件切换机构将不使模块切换到主流监测,且模块继续在侧流模式中进行监测。换言之,当主流传感器已连接时,软件切换机构接收硬件的激励。基于使用情况,所述软件切换机构定期获得所述硬件标志来确定适当的切换动作。
上述实例仅示出了本发明的系统的多个应用。尽管本文只描述了本发明的几个实施方式,但应当理解,在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的前提下,本发明可以以许多其他具体形式来实施。因此,这些实例和实施方式认为是示例性的而非限制性的,在所附权利要求的范围内,可以对本发明进行修改。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括:
监测器连接器,用于将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至所述患者监测系统,所述监测器连接器提供用于在所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块与所述患者监测系统之间的数据传输的路径;
主流连接器,用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
侧流端口,用于将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
主流气体值解析器,用于分析由连接至所述主流连接器的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;
侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,用于监测由连接至所述侧流端口的侧流取样线提供的气体;
侧流气体值解析器,用于分析由所述侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;
硬件切换机构,包括多个电路和在所述电路之间的通信接口;
控制器电路,与所述硬件切换机构和所述患者监测系统的所述监测器进行通信;以及,
软件切换机构,包括存储在非易失性存储器上的程序化指令,所述软件切换机构响应于由所述硬件切换机构生成的标志并且与所述控制器电路进行通信,
其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或所述侧流取样线中的任何一个分别物理连接到所述主流连接器或所述侧流端口时,所述硬件切换机构生成表示所连接的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或侧流取样线的标志,进一步地,其中,所述软件切换机构通过通知所述控制器电路所述主流气体值解析器单元或所述侧流气体值解析器单元中的任何一个的可用性而响应于所述标志,更进一步地,其中,所述控制器电路基于由所述软件切换机构指示的所述值解析器单元中哪个能够使用而在主流监测模式或侧流监测模式中自动地运行所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块。
2.根据权利要求1所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,进一步包括除气端口。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,进一步包括连接器锁定机构,所述连接器锁定机构用于将所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器牢固地连接到所述主流连接器,以防止所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器从所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块意外断开。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括电源电流隔离电路以保护所述主流气体值解析器单元免于静电放电。
5.根据权利要求4所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构进一步包括用于调节来自所述电源电流隔离电路的DC电源并且向所述主流气体值解析器单元提供调节后的5V电源的切换模式降压调节器。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括数据和控制线电流隔离电路,以保护所述主流气体值解析器单元免于静电放电。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括主流冷连接感测电路以在所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块在所述侧流运行模式下运行时,检测主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的连接并且将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块保持在所述侧流运行模式中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构进一步包括用于所述主流气体值解析器单元的电流感测电路、放大器和平均电路以及具有开漏输出的比较器、以及用于所述侧流气体值解析器单元的电流感测电路、放大器和平均电路以及具有开漏输出的比较器,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器和所述侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块时,所述电路分别监测所述主流气体值解析器单元和所述侧流气体值解析器单元的电流电平的增加,进一步地,其中,当所述电流电平为高时,相应的所述比较器通知所述控制器面板相应的所述气体值解析器单元的可用性。
9.根据权利要求8所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构进一步包括用于接收来自所述主流冷连接感测电路和用于所述主流气体值解析器单元的具有开漏输出的所述比较器的信号的或门,进一步地,其中,所述或门基于所述信号确定所述主流气体值解析器单元是否能够使用。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述主流气体值解析器单元和所述侧流气体值解析器单元配置有用于接收和发送数据的RS-232电压电平,并且所述控制器电路在5V的标准DC电源下工作,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括用于将所述气体值解析器单元的RS-232电压电平转换成标准晶体管-晶体管逻辑(TTL)信号电平的至少两个RS-232电平转换器。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括用于控制所述软件切换机构的双极双通开关。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述硬件切换机构包括选择线,所述选择线包括随着所述主流气体值解析器单元与所述侧流气体值解析器单元之间的电源切换而用于切换数据输入和输出的I/O引脚。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述主流连接器包括9引脚DE-9主流值解析器连接器并且所述监测器连接器包括具有模块电源15引脚阳型连接器的同步数据链路控制(SDLC)协议。
14.一种在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
设置用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括:监测器连接器,用于将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至所述患者监测系统的监测器,所述监测器连接器提供用于在所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块与所述患者监测系统之间的数据传输的路径;主流连接器,用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;侧流端口,用于将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;主流气体值解析器,用于分析由连接至所述主流连接器的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,用于监测由连接到所述侧流端口的侧流取样线提供的气体;侧流气体解析器,用于分析由所述侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;硬件切换机构,包括多个电路和在所述电路之间的通信接口;控制器电路,与所述硬件切换机构和所述患者监测系统的所述监测器进行通信;以及软件切换机构,包括存储在非易失性存储器上的程序化指令,所述软件切换机构响应于由所述硬件切换机构生成的标志并且与所述控制器电路进行通信,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或所述侧流取样线中的任何一个分别物理连接到所述主流连接器或所述侧流端口时,所述硬件切换机构生成表示所连接的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或侧流取样线的标志,进一步地,其中,所述软件切换机构通过通知所述控制器电路所述主流气体值解析器单元或所述侧流气体值解析器单元中的任何一个的可用性而响应于所述标志,更进一步地,其中,所述控制器电路基于由所述软件切换机构指示的所述值解析器单元中的哪一个能够使用而在主流监测模式或侧流监测模式中自动地运行所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至患者监测系统的监测器,所述患者监测系统进一步包括显示器;
对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电;
将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
检测所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器;
将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作延迟预定时间段;
将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作切换到所述主流监测模式,其中,将从所述主流气体值解析器单元获取的数据显示在所述显示器上;
将侧流取样线连接至呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块继续在所述主流监测模式中运行;以及
断开所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器的连接,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块然后自动切换到所述侧流监测模式。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,所述预定时间段是10秒。
16.一种在患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块上在主流监测与侧流监测之间自动切换的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
设置用于患者监测系统的呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块包括:监测器连接器,用于将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至所述患者监测模块的监测器,所述监测器连接器提供用于所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块与所述患者监测系统之间的数据传输的路径;主流连接器,用于将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;侧流端口,用于将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;主流气体值解析器,用于分析由连接到所述主流连接器的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,用于监测由连接到所述侧流端口的侧流取样线提供的气体;侧流气体值解析器,用于分析由所述侧流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器提供的数据;硬件切换机构,包括多个电路和在所述电路之间的通信接口;控制器电路,与所述硬件切换机构和所述患者监测系统的所述监测器通信;以及软件切换机构,包括存储在非易失性存储器中的程序化指令,所述软件切换机构响应于由所述硬件切换机构生成的标志并且与所述控制器电路进行通信,其中,当所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或所述侧流取样线中的任何一个分别物理连接到所述主流连接器或所述侧流端口时,所述硬件切换机构生成表示所连接的主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器或侧流取样线的标志,进一步地,其中,所述软件切换机构通过通知所述控制器电路所述主流气体值解析器单元或所述侧流气体值解析器单元中的任何一个的可用性而响应于所述标志,更进一步地,其中,所述控制器电路基于由所述软件切换机构指示的所述值解析器单元中的哪个能够使用而在主流监测模式或侧流监测模式中自动地运行所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块连接至患者监测系统的监测器,所述患者监测系统进一步包括显示器;
对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电;
将侧流取样线连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
检测所述侧流取样线;
将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作延迟预定时间段;
将所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块的操作切换到所述侧流监测模式,其中,将从所述侧流气体值解析器单元获取的数据显示在所述显示器上;
将主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块继续在所述侧流监测模式中运行;以及
断开所述侧流取样线的连接,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块接着自动切换到所述主流监测模式。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述预定时间段是10秒。
18.根据权利要求16或权利要求17所述的方法,进一步包括重新连接所述侧流取样线的步骤,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块仍无限期地保持在所述主流监测模式中或者如果所述侧流取样线再次被断开,进一步地,其中,如果所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器被断开,则所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块切换到所述侧流监测模式。
19.根据权利要求16至18中任一项所述的方法,进一步包括断开所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器的连接的步骤,使得所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块既不连接侧流取样线也不连接主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将既不在主流监测模式下运行也不在侧流监测模式下运行并且所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将发送消息到所述监测器以显示在所述显示器的屏幕上,从而通知用户传感器或取样线未连接。
20.根据权利要求16至19中的任一项所述的方法,进一步包括以下步骤:
在对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电的步骤之前,将所述主流呼气末二氧化碳监测传感器和所述侧流取样线两者连接至所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块;
对所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块供电,其中,所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将既不在主流监测模式下运行也不在侧流监测模式下运行,并且所述呼气末二氧化碳监测模块将消息发送到所述监测器以显示在所述显示器的屏幕上,从而通知用户主流传感器和侧流取样线两者已连接。
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US10987026B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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CN105658140B (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
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