CN105638412A - Culturing method for orchid - Google Patents
Culturing method for orchid Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638412A CN105638412A CN201610010805.3A CN201610010805A CN105638412A CN 105638412 A CN105638412 A CN 105638412A CN 201610010805 A CN201610010805 A CN 201610010805A CN 105638412 A CN105638412 A CN 105638412A
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- orchid
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- hardening
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- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011169 microbiological contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000017375 Brosimum guianense Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000985650 Brosimum guianense Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culturing method for orchid. Through hardening tissue culture vessel seedlings in a seedling-hardening substrate, and middle and big seedlings are obtained through one or more years of culturing and then planted into a culture medium to be cultured, so that adult seedlings of the orchid are obtained. The culturing method and the substrate have the advantages of good water retention, fertilizer maintenance and moisture preservation; cleanness is achieved in the using process, harmful bacteria are not prone to being generated, good growth of the seedlings is guaranteed, and the growth of the orchid is facilitated; the substrate is made of agricultural waste, is ecological and environmentally friendly and saves the cost. The substrate increases the survival rate of hardened tissue culture seedlings of the orchid, the transplanting survival rate reaches 95% or above, growth speed is high, and the seedlings start to take root and come into leaves about 30 days after transplanting. The growth of the middle and big seedlings is promoted, the uniformity of the seedlings is improved, blooming is advanced, potting quality is excellent, and the production cost is lowered. The culturing method has the advantages that the production period is short, the production cost is low, air permeability and water permeability are good, and collecting and transporting are facilitated; the agricultural waste is effectively utilized for reducing deforestation, and therefore the environment is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of orchid cultivating method, belong to orchid cultivation matrix technical field.
Background technology
Orchid is traditional famous flower of China, and China is distinctive to be had and higher view and admire the per nnial herb with economic worth, is one of China's ten big famous flowers, is again Yunnan eight one of famous flower greatly. Chinese always regard orchid as the symbol of noble and unsullied elegance, and arranged side by side with " plum, bamboo, chrysanthemum ", are collectively referred to as " four gentleman ".
The Chinese cultivated orchid history of existing more than 2,000 year. Orchid happiness is cloudy, is afraid of direct sunlight; Like moistening, avoid drying; Like fertile, be rich in a large amount of soil ulmin; The environment of suitable air circulation. Orchid in nature often grow be exposed to the north or northwesterly, northeast are shady and cool moist and have broad-leaf forest to shade hillside on, owing to a large amount of rotten leaves drops on soil table, the abundant and loose not ponding of soil nutrient, ventilating air permeability is good, is conducive to the growth of orchid. The root of orchid is thick fleshy root, like fertile, loose ventilative and that draining is good soil, orchid is introduced a fine variety and carries out facility cultivation, it is planted in basin alms bowl, if drainage performance does not with great difficulty cause rotting of root system, therefore, for orchid, the selection of cultivation matrix is extremely important. Research orchid cultivation matrix is conducive to the development of the production of orchid, the marketization, agricultural facility cultivation. Promoting that orchid industry develops in a healthy way, it is to increase the quality of orchid, for China's orchid industry forms industrial system, standardized production lays the foundation.
At present, orchid cultivation matrix, based on Cortex Pini, also has blue stone, vermiculite, letterwood, water tongue, perlite etc. Cortex Pini, letterwood, water platform reduce as Nonrenewable resources, resource, expensive, growth cycle is long, and spatial distribution is uneven, such as a large amount of production, also environment can be caused very big negative impact, in Financial cost and environmental protection, all be unfavorable for the development of orchid industry. The root of orchid is fleshy root, if water-permeable and air permeable is not good, is unfavorable for the growth of orchid. Therefore, the cultivating method of research orchid, first should research and develop novel cultivation matrix, and the soilless culture substitute matrix of exploitation cheapness has important meaning. Not only there is its economic benefit, more have the great value of environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
Have that water-permeable and air permeable is not good for solving existing orchid cultivation matrix, the problem such as Financial cost and Environmental costs height, the present invention provides a kind of orchid cultivating method, can improve orchid training tissue culture seedling surviving rate, improve the growth reguarity of seedling, stalwartness, potted plant best in quality, reduce production cost.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of orchid cultivating method, through following each step:
The hardening of A, tissue-culture container seedling: the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is prepended to cultivation area domestication 10��15 days at bottle outlet, to adapt to the light and temperature condition of cultivation area; This process must not open bottle cap, avoids microbiological contamination as far as possible; Tissue-culture container seedling all can be transplanted the whole year, and the suitableeest is 3��April; When getting tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, should avoid injuring root, clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, rear carry out complete stool immersion 10min with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800��1000 times of liquid after transplant again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area and carry out hardening 3 months; Period adds forced ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time; As plant Fa Xingen, take out sprouting, strain high growth 1��2cm time, namely tissue cultured seedling survives, and hardening surviving rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%;
B, little Miao cultivate: by tissue cultured seedling after steps A gained hardening by every strain 0.7��1.5g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 30:10:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every 7 days, spray a liquid fertilizer 200��400 times of liquid, so cultivate more than 1 year, obtain the middle seedlings of the high 15��20cm of strain;
The transplanting of C, middle seedlings: step B gained is planted in cultivation matrix with upper seedlings in 1 year, and be placed in the warmhouse booth of following condition: day temperature 25��28 DEG C, night 15��20 DEG C, illumination condition 8000��10000lx, relative air humidity humidity 80��90%; Increasing illumination to illumination condition after 7 days gradually is 12000��20000lx, and by every strain 3��5g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 10:30:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every two weeks, spray a liquid fertilizer 200��400 times of liquid, so cultivate 1��2 year, namely obtain orchid seedling.
The hardening matrix of described steps A is made up of the component of following masses part:
3 parts, bark, vermiculite 2 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 2 parts, 1 part, cake fertilizer.
The particle diameter of described vermiculite and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is 0.3cm.
The particle diameter of described bark is 0.5cm.
The cultivation matrix of described step C is made up of the component of following masses part:
Cedar sawdust 3 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 3 parts, Lan Shi 1 part, vermiculite 1 part, 2 parts, pine needle, rotten 1 part, leaf, 0.5 part, cake fertilizer.
The particle diameter of described cedar sawdust is 0.5cm.
The particle diameter of described Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Lan Shi, vermiculite is 0.5��1cm.
The particle diameter of described pine needle, rotten leaf is 0.3��0.5cm.
Described cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation.
Above-mentioned hardening matrix and cultivation matrix first rinse with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix are fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, use after cooling.
Described liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N25��30g, phosphoric anhydride 15��20g, potassium oxide 15��20g, calcium oxide 1��2g, magnesium oxide 0.3��0.8g, S4��6g, trace element 0.2��1g in often liter of liquid fertilizer.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is from cultivation matrix, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is adopted to form the main component of composite interstitial substance, it is that agricultural product castoff, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae porosity be big due to Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and the characteristic such as chitin is light, there is following effect: with short production cycle, wide material sources, price cheaply can greatly reduce production cost compared with traditional bark, ventilative water permeability is good, is conducive to the growth of orchid; Conveniently collect transport; Effectively utilize agricultural wastes can reduce the felling to forest, protection of the environment.
2, the cultivation matrix of the present invention adopts cedar sawdust, it is possible to collect the rejected material of exploitation China fir, make full use of resource, containing aromatic substance in cedar sawdust, effectively prevent growing of bacterium;
3, the cultivation matrix component of the present invention can be collected containing pine needle, rotten leaf in nature, containing various nutrient elements and trace ore deposit element, slow releasing, for orchid provides nutrient;
4, the cake fertilizer of the cultivation matrix component mixing of the present invention is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and cake fertilizer contains organic matter of 75��78%, containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, promotes the growth of orchid;
5, cultivation matrix component of the present invention mixing blue stone and vermiculite, increase matrix water-permeable and air permeable, solve ponding cause rotten problem, moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping, be conducive to the growth of orchid.
6, method provided by the invention and matrix have the advantage of good Bao Shui, fertilizer conservation, moisturizing. Use cleaning, not easily produce germ, ensure seedling well-grown, be conducive to the growth of orchid. Agricultural wastes are utilized to make, ecological, environmental protective, cost-saving. Matrix of the present invention improves orchid training tissue culture seedling surviving rate, and transplanting survival rate reaches more than 95%, and the speed of growth is fast, within about 30 days, starts Fa Xingen, long new leaf. The growth of seedlings in promotion, it is to increase the reguarity of seedling, early flowering, potted plant best in quality, reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
The hardening of A, tissue-culture container seedling: at bottle outlet, the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is prepended to cultivation area and tames 10 days, to adapt to the light and temperature condition of cultivation area; This process must not open bottle cap, avoids microbiological contamination as far as possible; Tissue-culture container seedling all can be transplanted the whole year, and the suitableeest is 3��April; When getting tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, should avoid injuring root, after taking-up, clean plant surface with clean water, rear carry out complete stool immersion 10min with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid after transplant again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area and carry out hardening 3 months; Period adds forced ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time; As plant Fa Xingen, take out sprouting, strain high growth 1��2cm time, namely tissue cultured seedling survives, and hardening surviving rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%;
Wherein, hardening matrix is made up of the component of following masses part: vermiculite 2 parts that 3 parts, bark that particle diameter is 0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.3cm, particle diameter are Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 2 parts, 1 part, the cake fertilizer of 0.3cm; Cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation; Hardening matrix is first rinsed with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, uses after cooling;
B, little Miao cultivate: by tissue cultured seedling after steps A gained hardening by every strain 0.7g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 30:10:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every 7 days, sprays a liquid fertilizer 200 times of liquid, so cultivate more than 1 year, obtain the middle seedlings of the high 15��20cm of strain; Wherein, liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N25g, phosphoric anhydride 15g, potassium oxide 15g, calcium oxide 1g, magnesium oxide 0.3g, S4g, trace element 0.2g in often liter of liquid fertilizer;
The transplanting of C, middle seedlings: step B gained is planted in cultivation matrix with upper seedlings in 1 year, and be placed in the warmhouse booth of following condition: day temperature 25��28 DEG C, night 15��20 DEG C, illumination condition 8000��10000lx, relative air humidity humidity 80��90%;
Wherein, cultivation matrix is made up of the component of following masses part: 1 part, rotten leaf that 2 parts, pine needle that vermiculite 1 part that 1 part, blue stone that Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 3 parts that cedar sawdust 3 parts that particle diameter is 0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.3��0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.3��0.5cm, 0.5 part, cake fertilizer; Cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation; Cultivation matrix first rinses with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, uses after cooling;
Increasing illumination to illumination condition after 7 days gradually is 12000��20000lx, and by every strain 3g, and using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 10:30:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every two weeks, spray a liquid fertilizer 200 times of liquid, so cultivate 1��2 year, namely obtain orchid seedling. Wherein, liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N25g, phosphoric anhydride 15g, potassium oxide 15g, calcium oxide 1g, magnesium oxide 0.3g, S4g, trace element 0.2g in often liter of liquid fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
The hardening of A, tissue-culture container seedling: at bottle outlet, the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is prepended to cultivation area and tames 12 days, to adapt to the light and temperature condition of cultivation area; This process must not open bottle cap, avoids microbiological contamination as far as possible; Tissue-culture container seedling all can be transplanted the whole year, and the suitableeest is 3��April; When getting tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, should avoid injuring root, after taking-up, clean plant surface with clean water, rear carry out complete stool immersion 10min with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 900 times of liquid after transplant again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area and carry out hardening 3 months; Period adds forced ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time; As plant Fa Xingen, take out sprouting, strain high growth 1��2cm time, namely tissue cultured seedling survives, and hardening surviving rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%;
Wherein, hardening matrix is made up of the component of following masses part: vermiculite 2 parts that 3 parts, bark that particle diameter is 0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.3cm, particle diameter are Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 2 parts, 1 part, the cake fertilizer of 0.3cm; Cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation; Hardening matrix is first rinsed with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, uses after cooling;
B, little Miao cultivate: by tissue cultured seedling after steps A gained hardening by every strain 1g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 30:10:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every 7 days, sprays a liquid fertilizer 300 times of liquid, so cultivate more than 1 year, obtain the middle seedlings of the high 15��20cm of strain; Wherein, liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N27.6g, phosphoric anhydride 17.7g, potassium oxide 17.5g, calcium oxide 1.5g, magnesium oxide 0.5g, S4.5g, trace element 0.8g in often liter of liquid fertilizer;
The transplanting of C, middle seedlings: step B gained is planted in cultivation matrix with upper seedlings in 1 year, and be placed in the warmhouse booth of following condition: day temperature 25��28 DEG C, night 15��20 DEG C, illumination condition 8000��10000lx, relative air humidity humidity 80��90%;
Wherein, cultivation matrix is made up of the component of following masses part: 1 part, rotten leaf that 2 parts, pine needle that vermiculite 1 part that 1 part, blue stone that Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 3 parts that cedar sawdust 3 parts that particle diameter is 0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.3��0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.3��0.5cm, 0.5 part, cake fertilizer; Cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation; Cultivation matrix first rinses with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, uses after cooling;
Increasing illumination to illumination condition after 7 days gradually is 12000��20000lx, and by every strain 4g, and using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 10:30:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every two weeks, spray a liquid fertilizer 300 times of liquid, so cultivate 1��2 year, namely obtain orchid seedling. Wherein, liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N27.6g, phosphoric anhydride 17.7g, potassium oxide 17.5g, calcium oxide 1.5g, magnesium oxide 0.5g, S4.5g, trace element 0.8g in often liter of liquid fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The hardening of A, tissue-culture container seedling: at bottle outlet, the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is prepended to cultivation area and tames 15 days, to adapt to the light and temperature condition of cultivation area; This process must not open bottle cap, avoids microbiological contamination as far as possible; Tissue-culture container seedling all can be transplanted the whole year, and the suitableeest is 3��April; When getting tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, should avoid injuring root, after taking-up, clean plant surface with clean water, rear carry out complete stool immersion 10min with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid after transplant again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area and carry out hardening 3 months; Period adds forced ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time; As plant Fa Xingen, take out sprouting, strain high growth 1��2cm time, namely tissue cultured seedling survives, and hardening surviving rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%;
Wherein, hardening matrix is made up of the component of following masses part: vermiculite 2 parts that 3 parts, bark that particle diameter is 0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.3cm, particle diameter are Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 2 parts, 1 part, the cake fertilizer of 0.3cm; Cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation; Hardening matrix is first rinsed with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, uses after cooling;
B, little Miao cultivate: by tissue cultured seedling after steps A gained hardening by every strain 1.5g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 30:10:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every 7 days, sprays a liquid fertilizer 400 times of liquid, so cultivate more than 1 year, obtain the middle seedlings of the high 15��20cm of strain; Wherein, liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N30g, phosphoric anhydride 20g, potassium oxide 20g, calcium oxide 2g, magnesium oxide 0.8g, S6g, trace element 1g in often liter of liquid fertilizer;
The transplanting of C, middle seedlings: step B gained is planted in cultivation matrix with upper seedlings in 1 year, and be placed in the warmhouse booth of following condition: day temperature 25��28 DEG C, night 15��20 DEG C, illumination condition 8000��10000lx, relative air humidity humidity 80��90%;
Wherein, cultivation matrix is made up of the component of following masses part: 1 part, rotten leaf that 2 parts, pine needle that vermiculite 1 part that 1 part, blue stone that Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 3 parts that cedar sawdust 3 parts that particle diameter is 0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.5��1cm, particle diameter are 0.3��0.5cm, particle diameter are 0.3��0.5cm, 0.5 part, cake fertilizer; Cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation; Cultivation matrix first rinses with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, uses after cooling;
Increasing illumination to illumination condition after 7 days gradually is 12000��20000lx, and by every strain 5g, and using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 10:30:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every two weeks, spray a liquid fertilizer 400 times of liquid, so cultivate 1��2 year, namely obtain orchid seedling. Wherein, liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N30g, phosphoric anhydride 20g, potassium oxide 20g, calcium oxide 2g, magnesium oxide 0.8g, S6g, trace element 1g in often liter of liquid fertilizer.
The cultivation that above-described embodiment is used for orchid " purple element ", its tissue cultured seedling and middle seedlings growing state are as follows:
1, the growing state of steps A gained tissue cultured seedling sees the following form:
2, growing state after the middle tree transplanted of step C sees the following form:
Note: " +++ " represents leaf dark green, and growing way is good, without yellow leaf;
By before planting and after planting to survival rate of plant, send out seedling rate, strain height, radical, root length, the newly-increased number of blade, leaf length, leaf width and growing way carry out statistical study contrast and find, method provided by the invention and corresponding matrix can make plant growing way good, leaf dark green, every index is all higher. In sum, the method for the present invention is conducive to the growth of orchid, and growth is very fast, surviving rate height, environmental protection and saving resource; Matrix has loose ventilative, the advantages such as drainage is good, suitable orchid productionization cultivation.
Claims (10)
1. an orchid cultivating method, it is characterised in that through following each step:
The hardening of A, tissue-culture container seedling: the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is prepended to cultivation area domestication 10��15 days at bottle outlet, to adapt to the light and temperature condition of cultivation area; Clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, rear carry out complete stool immersion 10min with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800��1000 times of liquid after transplant again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area and carry out hardening 3 months;
B, little Miao cultivate: by tissue cultured seedling after steps A gained hardening by every strain 0.7��1.5g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 30:10:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every 7 days, sprays a liquid fertilizer 200��400 times of liquid, so cultivate more than 1 year, obtain middle seedlings;
The transplanting of C, middle seedlings: step B gained is planted in cultivation matrix with upper seedlings in 1 year, and be placed in the warmhouse booth of following condition: day temperature 25��28 DEG C, night 15��20 DEG C, illumination condition 8000��10000lx, relative air humidity humidity 80��90%; Increasing illumination to illumination condition after 7 days gradually is 12000��20000lx, and by every strain 3��5g, using effective constituent N:P:K every half a year is that the solid slow-release of 10:30:10 is fertile, in conjunction with watering, and within every two weeks, spray a liquid fertilizer 200��400 times of liquid, so cultivate 1��2 year, namely obtain orchid seedling.
2. orchid cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hardening matrix of described steps A is made up of the component of following masses part:
3 parts, bark, vermiculite 2 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 2 parts, 1 part, cake fertilizer.
3. orchid cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cultivation matrix of described step C is made up of the component of following masses part:
Cedar sawdust 3 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 3 parts, Lan Shi 1 part, vermiculite 1 part, 2 parts, pine needle, rotten 1 part, leaf, 0.5 part, cake fertilizer.
4. orchid cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described liquid fertilizer is that solvent is water containing N25��30g, phosphoric anhydride 15��20g, potassium oxide 15��20g, calcium oxide 1��2g, magnesium oxide 0.3��0.8g, S4��6g, trace element 0.2��1g in often liter of liquid fertilizer.
5. orchid cultivating method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the particle diameter of described vermiculite and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is 0.3cm; The particle diameter of described bark is 0.5cm.
6. orchid cultivating method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the particle diameter of described cedar sawdust is 0.5cm.
7. orchid cultivating method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the particle diameter of described Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Lan Shi, vermiculite is 0.5��1cm.
8. orchid cultivating method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the particle diameter of described pine needle, rotten leaf is 0.3��0.5cm.
9. orchid cultivating method according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described cake fertilizer is the cake shape fertilizer that the residue after soybean and vegetable seed extract oil is made, and uses, it may also be useful to the front particle diameter that is crushed to by cake fertilizer is 0.3��0.5cm after fermentation.
10. orchid cultivating method according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described hardening matrix or cultivation matrix first rinse with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix are fully absorbed water, then through 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, use after cooling.
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| CN106922512A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-07 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | A kind of orchid cultural method |
| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
| CN107211669A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases |
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| CN106069662A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of propagation by division method of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. |
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| CN106866211A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-20 | 郑金秀 | A kind of interior ornamental plant soil-less culturing nutrient material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
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| CN108450291A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-28 | 黔西南州绿缘动植物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of pocket orchid cultivates matrix and its preparation method and application |
| CN110771486A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-11 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Seedling hardening method for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid |
| CN110771486B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-03-01 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Seedling hardening method for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid |
| CN112913625A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 连城县绿金花卉种植专业合作社 | High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method |
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