CN103461029B - Flower and fruit pot soil structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a flower and fruit pot soil structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: selecting a cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreating the cultivation pot; paving garden soil mixed with base fertilizer at the bottom of the pot to form a garden soil layer; paving mixed soil prepared by mixing ceramsite, garden soil and humus above a garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer; paving humus above the mixed soil layer to form a humus soil layer; paving ceramsite above the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer; wherein the mixed soil layer is formed by mixing ceramsite, garden soil and humus soil in any proportion. The invention comprehensively improves soil components and soil layering of pot soil, so that soil layer structures in planting pots for flowers, fruits and the like are more reasonable, the air permeability, water retention and fertilizer retention of the soil can be improved, a better water, fertilizer and gas exchange space is provided for plant roots, and the invention is more suitable for large or relatively large potted flowers and trees or fruit trees.

Description

A flower and fruit potting soil structure and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a flower and fruit basin soil structure capable of better water retention, fertilizer retention and ventilation and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

With the continuous development of the economy and the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology, potted plants are becoming more and more extensive. At present, potted flowers and fruits have entered thousands of households, but it is easy to appreciate flowers and difficult to grow flowers. For those who love flowers and fruits but do not know how to grow them, the soil plays a very important role in planting flowers and fruits well. At present, the commonly used potting soil structure is relatively simple, either has good air permeability but poor water and fertilizer retention, or good water and fertilizer retention but poor air permeability. The single pot soil makes it difficult for flower and fruit growers to control the amount and frequency of watering. Too much water will cause water accumulation in the pot, and the roots of flowers and fruits will rot. Too little water will cause the soil in the pot to be too dry, affecting growth, and causing plants such as flowers and fruits to wilt or even die.

At present, there are also technologies to improve the composition of the soil, such as increasing the air permeability of the soil by adding perlite, vermiculite, cinder, etc., but the perlite is too light, and the soil becomes too light and not dense enough if it is added too much. Rock contains sodium, aluminum and a small amount of soluble fluorine, which can harm some plants, especially when perlite is used as a medium at a low pH. Vermiculite has good moisture retention and air permeability, but it is not easy to use for a long time, because vermiculite is easy to break and pulverize, and the air permeability will become poor after a period of use. Coal slag can play a certain role in ventilation and water retention, but the coal slag has an alkaline reaction. In some areas, the coal slag is very alkaline, and the size must be strictly screened. Too large or too small is not good. The powder is easy to block the drainage pores of the pot bottom, causing the root system of the plant to be airtight and rotten.

In the prior art, the fertility of the pot soil is improved by configuring humus, but the effect of being close to the humus is limited; there is also a geotextile in the middle to prevent water seepage, but the geotextile in the middle seriously affects the growth space of the root system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a plant planting soil structure with good comprehensive fertility, water and fertilizer retention and excellent air permeability.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, which has a reasonable soil layer structure and provides better gas exchange space and water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability for plant roots.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

A method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, comprising the following processing steps:

Step A, select the cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot;

Step B, the garden soil that will be mixed with basal manure is laid on the bottom of the pot to form a garden soil layer, and the water and fertilizer retention of the garden soil layer is better, mainly to provide fertility; preferably, the particle size of the garden soil of the garden soil layer is 0.02-0.05mm, the particle size of the base fertilizer is 2-5mm, and the soil moisture content of the garden soil layer is 18-20%.

Step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus on the top of the garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer. The mixed soil layer can provide fertility, and has good water and fertilizer retention and air permeability; Preferably, the particle size of the garden soil in the mixed soil layer is 0.02-0.05 mm, the particle size of the humus soil is 0.1-1 mm, the particle size of the ceramsite is 3-8 mm, and the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 25-30 mm. %.

Step D, laying the humus soil above the mixed soil layer to form a humus soil layer, the humus soil layer has sufficient nutrient reserves and good air permeability; preferably, the particle size of the humus soil in the humus soil layer is 0.1 ~1mm, the soil moisture content of the humus layer is 35~40%.

Step E, laying ceramsite above the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer;

Wherein, in step C, the mixed soil layer is formed by mixing ceramsite, garden soil and humus soil in any proportion.

The flower and fruit basin soil structure prepared by the present invention is divided into four layers from the bottom of the basin to the surface of the basin, namely the garden soil layer, the mixed soil layer of ceramsite, garden soil and humus soil, the humus soil layer, and the colored ceramsite layer. The invention patent makes the soil layer structure in the planting pot more reasonable, can increase the water retention and fertilizer retention and air permeability of the soil, and provides better water, fertilizer and air exchange space for the plant root system.

The ceramsite in the ceramsite layer of the present invention is specifically colored ceramsite. The colored ceramsite has a visually beautiful, exquisite appearance, round and smooth, water-resistant and aging-resistant, and can reduce soil evaporation in the pot, prevent weeds from growing, and prevent watering. Soil and good water absorption and air permeability.

Wherein, step A1 is also included between step A and step B. Put a piece of broken tile on the bottom of the basin so that the broken tile presses the drain hole on the bottom of the basin; First put a piece of broken tile with a certain convex curvature, and press it on the leak hole on the bottom of the basin, so as to maintain drainage without causing the basin soil to leak out.

The pretreatment method of the cultivation pot: 1. If you choose an old cultivation pot, you should wash the pot first, soak the cultivation pot in clean water, scrub the inside and outside, and then rinse and soak with 1% formaldehyde solution or boiling water 5 minutes, then remove the cultivation pot and put it in a ventilated place to dry before using. This is the technical treatment that must be done before the old pots are reused, which can prevent the diseases and insects remaining on the old pots from causing harm to the newly cultivated flowers and fruits. 2. If you choose a new cultivation pot, it must be annealed before use. Soak the pot in water for several days to remove the heat and help the new seedlings adapt to the new pot.

Wherein, the garden soil layer in the step B is made by mixing base fertilizer and garden soil at a mass ratio of 7-8:2-3.

The garden soil layer mixed with basal fertilizer is the bottom soil layer of the pot bottom. The garden soil refers to vegetable garden soil or field soil that has been cultivated and cultivated vegetables or economic crops, and has high fertility and good aggregate structure. The garden soil layer has better water and fertilizer retention, mainly to provide fertility. The raw materials of garden soil and base fertilizer have a wide range of sources, that is, local materials are suitable for local planting conditions, the planting effect is good, the production cost is low, and economic benefits can be improved, which is beneficial to the general popularization and application of the soil layer structure of the present invention.

According to local conditions, organic fertilizers such as fallen leaves, river mud, and manure are mixed with garden soil at a ratio of 7-8:2-3 for composting and high-temperature fermentation, so that they can decompose quickly, compost quickly, and have high nutrient content. During the high-temperature fermentation process, the germs, insect eggs and weed seeds can be killed. Generally, it takes 7 to 15 days to deal with it in summer, and about 2 months in winter. After fermentation, fully bake in the sun, smash, sieve, and prepare the nutrient soil layer at the bottom of the pot. The particle size should be controlled at about 2-5 mm, preferably 3 mm. Powders smaller than 1 mm are easy to block the drainage pores. , leading to airtight plant roots and rotten roots.

Wherein, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud and manure in a mass ratio of 0.5-1:7-8:1-2.5. Specifically, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and manure at a mass ratio of 0.5:7:2.5; or, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made of fallen leaves, river mud, and manure at a mass ratio of 0.5:7.5:2 or, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and manure with a mass ratio of 0.5:8:1.5; or, the base fertilizer is fallen leaves, river mud, and manure with a mass ratio of The organic fertilizer made by mixing the ratio of 0.5:8:1.5; or the organic fertilizer made by mixing the fallen leaves, river mud, and barnyard manure with the mass ratio of 1:7:2; or, the base fertilizer is Organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and manure at a mass ratio of 1:7.5:1.5; or, the base fertilizer is made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and manure at a mass ratio of 1:8:1 Organic Fertilizer. This base fertilizer decomposes slowly in the soil and can be absorbed and utilized by the root system for a long time.

Wherein, in the mixed soil layer in the step C, the mass ratio of ceramsite: garden soil: humus soil is 2-3:3-4:3-5.

Specifically, in the mixed soil layer of the present invention, the mass ratio of ceramsite: garden soil: humus soil is 2:4:4; or, in the mixed soil layer of the present invention, ceramsite: garden soil: humus soil The mass ratio is 3:3:4; or, in the mixed soil layer of the present invention, the mass ratio of ceramsite: garden soil: humus soil is 3:4:3.

The mixed soil layer made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus is concentrated on the roots of flower and fruit seedlings, which can not only provide fertility, but also better absorb, infiltrate and diffuse water around when watering, and have good Water and fertilizer retention and breathability.

In the mixed soil layer, the ceramsite is ceramsite for gardening, the garden soil is vegetable garden soil or field soil that has been cultivated and cultivated vegetables or economic crops, and the humus soil is humus soil for planting flowers, It can be purchased in the local market. Humus is the organic matter formed by the decomposition of dead animals and plants in the soil by microorganisms. It is rich in organic matter, humic acid and a small amount of vitamins, auxins, trace elements, etc., and is light and loose. It has good water permeability and ventilation performance, and it will not harden after long-term use. The ceramsite mixed with garden soil and humus soil is concentrated in the roots of flower and fruit seedlings, which can not only provide fertility, but also better absorb, infiltrate and diffuse water around when watering, and have good water and fertilizer retention and air permeability.

Wherein, the ceramsite is ceramsite for gardening, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 3-8mm. Preferably, the particle size of the ceramsite is 3-5mm.

Horticultural ceramsite is forged at high temperature. There are many micropores from the surface to the inside. The internal pores of ceramsite are filled with air when there is no water. When there is sufficient water, part of the water can be absorbed and part of the gas space can still be maintained. When the water around the root system is insufficient, the water in the ceramsite diffuses into the pores between the ceramsite through its surface, for the root system to absorb and maintain the air humidity around the root system. Ceramsite has a certain mechanical strength, strong water absorption, breathability, and strong fertilizer holding capacity. It is not easy to produce bacteria and insects. It will not decompose and can be used for a long time. Ceramsite has the advantages of breathability, light weight, and water absorption, and can also supply certain nutrients, which is more superior than other substrates. Putting ceramsite in the cultivation pot can plant flowers and grass, which is clean and tidy, and can be cleaned repeatedly without soil pollution.

The humus in the humus layer is the humus used for planting flowers, which can be purchased in the local market. The humus is the organic matter formed by the decomposition of microorganisms in the soil by dead animals and plants. It is rich in organic matter, Humic acid and a small amount of vitamins, auxin, trace elements, etc., light and loose, good water permeability and ventilation, and will not harden after long-term use. The humus soil layer has sufficient nutrient reserves and good air permeability.

A potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, the potted soil structure includes a garden soil layer, a mixed soil layer, a humus soil layer and a ceramsite layer arranged sequentially from the bottom of the pot to the pot surface; wherein, the mixed soil layer is composed of ceramsite, garden soil and ceramsite Mixed with humus.

Wherein, the thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/5～1/3 of the pot height; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/4～1/2 of the pot height; the thickness of the humus layer is 1/5 of the pot height. 1/5-1/3 of the height; the thickness of the colored ceramsite layer is 1/6-1/5 of the height of the basin; the height of the ceramsite layer from the top of the basin is 1-5cm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) A flower and fruit basin soil structure of the present invention, comprehensively utilizes garden soil with better fertility, humus soil with better air permeability and fertilizer retention, and ceramsite with water retention and air permeability, and performs soil layering on the basis of reasonable mixing. Provide a better growth environment for plant roots, increase the water and fertilizer retention and air permeability of the pot soil, so as to effectively prevent the root system of flowers and fruits from rotting or being too dry, and better promote the growth of potted flowers and trees or fruit trees.

(2) The raw material of the garden soil layer of the present invention is garden soil mixed with basal fertilizer, which has high fertility and good aggregate structure. It is applied to the bottom of the cultivation pot, which can provide higher fertility for cultivation seedlings such as flowers and fruits, and promote Seedlings grow. Due to frequent fertilization and cultivation, the garden soil has high fertility and good aggregate structure. It is one of the main raw materials for preparing cultivation soil and plays a very good role in fertility for the growth of seedlings.

(3) The mixed soil layer of the present invention is composed of ceramsite, garden soil and humus soil. When in use, the mixed soil layer is concentrated on the roots of flower and fruit seedlings, which can not only provide fertility, but also better absorb water when watering. , penetrate and diffuse water around, and have good water and fertilizer retention and air permeability.

(4) The humus layer of the present invention is rich in organic matter, humic acid and a small amount of vitamins, auxin, trace elements and the like. The humus soil layer has sufficient nutrient reserves, slowly decomposes under certain conditions, and releases nutrients for plant absorption.

(5) The ceramsite layer of the present invention is ceramsite for gardening. The ceramsite is colored ceramsite, which is visually beautiful, exquisite in appearance, round and smooth, water-resistant and aging-resistant, and has the ability to reduce soil evaporation in the pot, prevent weeds from growing, prevent Watering washes away the soil and good water absorption and air permeability.

The distance between the top ceramsite layer and the top of the cultivation pot is designed reasonably, the soil layer structure is reasonable, and the performance of water and fertilizer retention is good, which provides high and continuous fertility for seedlings, reduces the use of fertilizers, and has good soil air permeability, which is conducive to the growth of seedling roots. It breathes and grows, and effectively prevents the water from overflowing the top of the basin when the amount of water is too large and soils the place where it is placed.

(6) The height of each soil layer in the present invention is reasonably matched, and a comprehensive transformation has been carried out from the soil composition and soil layering of the pot soil, so that the soil layer structure in the planting pots such as flowers and fruits is more reasonable. Several planting tests have proved that the present invention The water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability of the pot soil structure prepared by the invention are better than those of the conventional pot soil structure. The patent of the invention takes into account the soil air permeability and water and fertilizer retention in the cultivation pot, provides good water, fertilizer and air exchange space for the plant root system, greatly improves the performance of the pot soil in terms of ventilation, water retention and fertilizer retention, and its preparation method is simple and convenient. Effective and easy to manage, it is more suitable for large or relatively large potted flowers and trees or fruit trees, such as rich trees, figs, pomegranates, etc.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a reference diagram of the use state of a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits according to the present invention.

Reference signs include:

1——Garden soil layer 2——Mixed soil layer

3——humus layer 4——ceramsite layer

5——Cultivation pot.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 .

Example 1.

A method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, comprising the following processing steps:

Step A, select a cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot; put a piece of broken tile on the bottom of the pot, so that the broken tile presses the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot;

Step B, the garden soil that will be mixed with basal manure is laid on the bottom of the pot, form the garden soil layer, wherein, basal manure and garden soil are 7: 3 with mass ratio; Wherein, basal manure is fallen leaves, river mud, stable manure and is 0.5 with mass ratio: 7: Organic fertilizer made by mixing at a ratio of 2.5; the thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/5 of the pot height; step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus soil on the top of the garden soil layer , forming a mixed soil layer; wherein, ceramsite: garden soil: the mass ratio of humus soil is 2:3:5; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/3 of the pot height; step D, laying humus soil on the mixed Above the soil layer, a humus layer is formed; the thickness of the humus layer is 1/4 of the pot height; step E, laying ceramsite above the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer, the particle size of the ceramsite is 3 ㎜; the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 1/6 of the height of the basin; the height of the ceramsite layer from the top of the basin is 2cm.

Among them, the soil moisture content of the garden soil layer is 18%, the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 30%, and the soil moisture content of the humus soil is 35%.

The application method of a flower and fruit basin soil structure of the present invention: before putting on the pot, put a piece of broken tile on the bottom of the pot, press it on the water leakage hole at the bottom of the pot, then put the garden soil layer on the bottom of the pot, and then put the garden soil layer on the bottom of the pot Put a small amount of mixed soil on top, put the plant in the center of the cultivation pot, as shown in Figure 2, let the root system stretch as much as possible, then fill in the remaining mixed soil layer, cover the root, and then gently lift the seedlings up, and slightly Compact it so that the roots are in close contact with the soil layer up, down, left, and right. After the mixed soil layer is placed, put a humus layer on the mixed soil layer, pier the pot soil, and then add the pot soil to keep 2 to 3 cm from the edge of the pot. So far, pay attention to ensure that the seedlings are righted. After putting the humus soil, place a layer of colored ceramsite on it, arrange the ceramsite, and keep the ceramsite surface and the edge of the pot at 1 to 2 cm. After placing each layer, slowly pour water into the basin, and water thoroughly for the first time.

Requirements for water quality: Soft water is better for watering flowers, and river water, pool water and lake water are generally used. You can use tap water to grow flowers in cities. Tap water is usually sterilized with bleach, and there are residual bleach powder. Let it dry for a period of time before using it. Watering time, watering should be carried out when the soil temperature and water temperature are relatively close. In high temperature season, watering should be carried out in the morning and evening. In winter, when the temperature is low, it should be carried out around noon. In spring and autumn, watering should be carried out in the morning or afternoon. Watering amount: Due to the different water requirements of different ornamental seedling species, it varies. Potted flowers that like dryness and fear waterlogging should grasp the principle of "seeing dryness and seeing wetness" when watering, that is, watering only when the upper part of the pot soil is dry; If it is drenched, if it is not poured thoroughly, the tip of the root will not be able to absorb water and affect growth. For xerotic ornamental seedlings, the principle of "rather dry than wet" should be grasped; wet-grown ornamental seedlings should be watered according to the principle of "rather wet than dry", and the pot soil should always be kept moist to prevent dehydration.

The newly potted flower and fruit seedlings should not be exposed to direct sunlight to avoid water loss and excessive nutrient consumption. They should be kept in a semi-shade place for maintenance. In addition to flower acres suitable for potted plants, many fruit trees such as figs, grapes, blueberries, lemons, apples, mulberries, pomegranates, ginseng fruits, etc. are suitable for family balcony potted plants, which can be used as bonsai for people to enjoy, and can also provide a certain amount of fruit for edible.

Example 2.

A method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, comprising the following processing steps:

Step A, select a cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot; put a broken tile on the bottom of the pot, so that the broken tile presses the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot; Step B, lay the garden soil mixed with base fertilizer On the bottom of the basin, a garden soil layer is formed, in which the mass ratio of the base fertilizer to the garden soil is 7.5:2.5; among them, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and manure at a mass ratio of 0.5:8:1.5 The thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/4 of the pot height; step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus on the top of the garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer; wherein, ceramsite: Garden soil: the mass ratio of humus soil is 2: 4: 4; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/3 of the height of the pot; step D, laying humus soil on the top of the mixed soil layer to form a humus layer; The thickness of the soil layer is 1/5 of the pot height; step E, laying ceramsite on the top of the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer, the particle size of the ceramsite is 3.5mm; the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 1/5 of the pot height 1/5; the height of the ceramsite layer from the top of the basin is 3cm.

Among them, the soil moisture content of the garden soil layer is 19%, the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 28%, and the soil moisture content of the humus soil is 39%.

The rest of this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Example 3.

A method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, comprising the following processing steps:

Step A, select a cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot; put a broken tile on the bottom of the pot, so that the broken tile presses the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot; Step B, lay the garden soil mixed with base fertilizer On the bottom of the pot, a garden soil layer is formed, in which the mass ratio of the base fertilizer to the garden soil is 8:2; among them, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and barn manure in a mass ratio of 1:7:2 The thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/3 of the pot height; step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus on the top of the garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer; wherein, ceramsite: Garden soil: the mass ratio of humus soil is 3:3:4; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/3 of the pot height; step D, laying humus soil on the top of the mixed soil layer to form a humus layer; The thickness of the soil layer is 1/5 of the pot height; step E, laying ceramsite on the top of the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer, the particle size of the ceramsite is 4 mm; the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 1/5 of the pot height 1/6; the height of the ceramsite layer from the top of the basin is 3cm.

Among them, the soil moisture content of the garden soil layer is 20%, the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 25%, and the soil moisture content of the humus soil is 38%.

The rest of this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Example 4.

A method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, comprising the following processing steps:

Step A, select a cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot; put a broken tile on the bottom of the pot, so that the broken tile presses the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot; Step B, lay the garden soil mixed with base fertilizer On the bottom of the basin, a garden soil layer is formed, wherein the mass ratio of base fertilizer and garden soil is 7:3; among them, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and barn manure with a mass ratio of 1:8:15 The thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/4 of the pot height; step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus on the top of the garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer; wherein, ceramsite: Garden soil: the mass ratio of humus soil is 3: 4: 3; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/4 of the pot height; step D, laying humus soil on the top of the mixed soil layer to form a humus layer; The thickness of the soil layer is 1/4 of the pot height; step E, laying ceramsite on the top of the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer, the particle size of the ceramsite is 6mm; the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 1/4 of the pot height 1/5; the height of the ceramsite layer from the top of the basin is 4cm.

Among them, the soil moisture content of the garden soil layer is 19%, the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 26%, and the soil moisture content of the humus soil is 36%.

The rest of this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Example 5.

A method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits, comprising the following processing steps:

Step A, select a cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot; put a broken tile on the bottom of the pot, so that the broken tile presses the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot; Step B, lay the garden soil mixed with base fertilizer On the bottom of the basin, a garden soil layer is formed, in which the mass ratio of the base fertilizer to the garden soil is 8:2; among them, the base fertilizer is an organic fertilizer made by mixing fallen leaves, river mud, and barn manure in a mass ratio of 1:7.5:1.5 The thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/3 of the pot height; step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus on the top of the garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer; wherein, ceramsite: Garden soil: the mass ratio of humus soil is 3:4:3; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/4 of the pot height; step D, laying humus soil on the top of the mixed soil layer to form a humus layer; The thickness of the soil layer is 1/5 of the pot height; step E, laying ceramsite on the top of the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer, the particle size of the ceramsite is 5mm; the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 1/5 of the pot height 1/6; the height of the ceramsite layer from the top of the basin is 5cm.

Among them, the soil moisture content of the garden soil layer is 20%, the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 29%, and the soil moisture content of the humus soil is 37%.

The rest of this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Application example.

The flower and fruit potting soil structure prepared by the present invention was used to carry out planting tests on petunias, fortune trees, figs, and pomegranates respectively, and at the same time, a comparative planting test was carried out using common potting soils in the market. The specific test plan and results are as follows:

1. Purpose of the test. A comparative test was carried out on the effect of the potting soil of the present invention and the common potting soil on the market for planting flower and fruit trees.

2. Test plan. Set up two groups: 1 control and 1 treatment, wherein the control (conventional soil layer structure) is cultivated and planted with common pot soil in the market, and the pot soil of the present invention is used for cultivation and planting, and each group is planted with 50 petunia Pots, 10 pots each of fortune tree, fig, and pomegranate.

3. Test results.

(1) Petunia: It is an important potted flower and flower bed decoration plant in the world, and it plays an important role in urban greening and home beautification.

Table 1: Test results 15 days after planting

Table 2: Test results 45 days after planting

 

Table 3: Test results 60 days after planting

 

(2) Fortune tree: evergreen tree, tree height 8-15m, indoor ornamental as pile landscape style potted plants.

Table 1: Test results after 15 days of planting

 

Table 2: Test results after 45 days of planting

 

Table 3: Test results after 60 days of planting

 

(3) Figs: Figs are deciduous shrubs or trees, a rare fruit, and a pollution-free green food.

Table 1: Test results after 15 days of planting

 

Table 2: Test results after 45 days of planting

 

Table 3: Test results after 60 days of planting

 

(4) Pomegranate: also known as pomegranate, deciduous shrub or small tree; calyx is leathery, persistent, and later bears the outer skin of the fruit; the berries are nearly spherical and mature in autumn. the

Table 1: Test results after 15 days of planting

 

Table 2: Test results after 45 days of planting

 

Table 3: Test results after 60 days of planting

 

Through the above comparison test, it can be known that the flower and fruit potting soil structure of the present invention is compared with the potting soil on the common market. The survival rate of the seedlings of tree, fig and pomegranate was higher, and the crown width of the four plants was larger than that of the control, and the plant height was also higher than that of the control. When planting fortune trees, figs and pomegranates, the water retention, fertilizer retention and air permeability of the soil structure of the present invention are superior to those of conventional potting soils, and the cultivated seedlings canopy is larger, the plant height is higher, and the overall growth of seedlings is fast. Or larger potted flowers and trees or fruit trees are more suitable.

The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be Including within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of flower and fruit basin soil structure is characterized in that: comprise following processing steps: Step A, select the cultivation pot for flowers and fruits, and pretreat the cultivation pot; Step B, laying the garden soil mixed with base fertilizer on the bottom of the basin to form a garden soil layer; Step C, laying the mixed soil made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus on the top of the garden soil layer to form a mixed soil layer; Step D, laying the humus soil above the mixed soil layer to form a humus soil layer; Step E, laying ceramsite above the humus layer to form a ceramsite layer; Wherein, the garden soil layer in the step B is made by mixing base manure and garden soil with a mass ratio of 7-8:2-3 and composting and high-temperature fermentation. The organic fertilizer is made by mixing the ratio of 0.5~1:7~8:1~2.5; the particle size of the garden soil in the garden soil layer is 0.02~0.05mm, the particle size of the base fertilizer is 2~5mm, and the particle size of the garden soil layer is 2~5mm. Soil moisture content is 18-20%; Wherein, in the mixed soil layer in the step C, the mass ratio of ceramsite: garden soil: humus soil is 2 to 3: 3 to 4: 3 to 5; the particle size of the garden soil in the mixed soil layer is 0.02 to 0.05 mm, the particle size of humus soil is 0.1-1mm, the particle size of ceramsite is 3-8mm, and the soil moisture content of the mixed soil layer is 25-30%; Wherein, the particle size of the humus soil in the humus soil layer in the step D is 0.1-1mm, and the soil moisture content of the humus soil layer is 35-40%. 2. The preparation method of a kind of flower and fruit basin soil structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: step A1 is also included between said step A and step B, and a broken tile is placed at the bottom of the pot to make the broken tile Press the sheet against the drain hole in the bottom of the basin. 3. The preparation method of a flower and fruit basin soil structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the mixed soil layer of the step C, the mass ratio of ceramsite: garden soil: humus soil is 3:4: 3. 4 . The method for preparing a flower and fruit basin soil structure according to claim 1 , wherein the ceramsite is ceramsite for gardening, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 3-8 mm. 5 . The method for preparing a potted soil structure for flowers and fruits according to claim 1 , wherein the garden soil is vegetable garden soil or field soil that has been cultivated and cultivated vegetables or economic crops. 6 . 6. The flower and fruit pot soil structure prepared by the preparation method of a flower and fruit pot soil structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the pot soil structure includes sequentially setting from the bottom of the pot to the surface of the pot garden soil layer, mixed soil layer, humus soil layer and ceramsite layer; wherein, the mixed soil layer is made of ceramsite, garden soil and humus soil. 7. A potted soil structure for flowers and fruits according to claim 6, characterized in that: the thickness of the garden soil layer is 1/5 to 1/3 of the height of the pot; the thickness of the mixed soil layer is 1/3 of the height of the pot. 1/4～1/2; the thickness of the humus layer is 1/5～1/3 of the basin height; the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 1/6～1/5 of the basin height; the pottery The height of the granular layer from the top of the basin is 1-5 cm.