CN108094021A - Olive seeding growing seedlings method - Google Patents
Olive seeding growing seedlings method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108094021A CN108094021A CN201711396689.4A CN201711396689A CN108094021A CN 108094021 A CN108094021 A CN 108094021A CN 201711396689 A CN201711396689 A CN 201711396689A CN 108094021 A CN108094021 A CN 108094021A
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- seed
- olive
- vernalization
- covering
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method, including：Seeds preprocess：It is soaked seed successively with warm water, NaOH solution, clear water and Gibberellins solution；Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed and the vernalization matrix mixing after disinfecting, vernalization in greenhouse is placed in；Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, spray Bordeaux mixture, covering and heat insulating layer after the seed described in covering matrix covering after planting；And seedling management：After emergence, Bordeaux mixture is sprayed, after all emerging, removes the insulating layer, pours and applies improvement Hoaglan ' s nutrient solutions.A kind of olive presprouting of seeds provided by the invention and seeding growing seedlings method can improve percentage of seedgermination, shorten seedling raise period, and planting percent is high, grows vigorous, well developed root system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the seeding growing seedlings methods of field of forestry, and in particular to a kind of production olive presprouting of seeds and broadcast
Kind method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of world-renowned high-quality woody oil tree species, is had more than 4000 years
Cultivation history there is now a country more than 40 and introduce a fine variety plant olive, wherein 98% concentrates on Mediterranean country.Olive oil is
The natural high-quality edible plant oil that green oil olive fruits are formed through cold press, it is full of nutrition, there is antioxidant content, it is unsaturated
Content of fatty acid is high, has alimentary health-care function, " liquid golden ", " vegetable oil queen " are described as by western countries, is by pushing away
High high-end edible oil can also be used as eating, is industrial, pharmaceutical raw material, there is very high economic value.
In recent years, China's olive consumption demand sharp increase, international olive association forecast China are that " future world is most
Big potential consumption market ".The olive oil market supply and demand notch being growing and the enhancing of people's health consciousness, accelerate China
The rapid development of olive industry.At present, national olive total cultivated area has been more than 1,000,000 mu, and seedling-wood breeding is olive
Very important component in plantation has vital influence for the development of olive industry.
There are many olive seedling propagation methods, mainly there is cuttage, press strip, grafting, sowing, tissue cultures etc., raw at present
Cuttage and seedling culture and grafting are commonly used in production.China is Introduction of Olives Into area, and weather edaphic condition is different from its original producton location, from China
From the point of view of the trend of olive development, the area of the plantation olive of new development from now on is the provinces and cities such as Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, most of
Soils In The Region sticks weight, and pH value meta-acid, olive shows the sign of ponding problem, a large amount of to fall leaves, and low output.On these ground
The olive tree that area introduced a fine variety in the past in the case of long duration unattended, preserves the mostly seedling tree left.
Olive seedling well developed root system, there is apparent main root, buries relatively deep, is better than cuttage from root to the adaptability of ecological environment
Seedling has the characteristics that vigorous, disease-resistant growth, drought resisting, cold-resistant, after making stock grafting, can provide disease-resistant, moisture-proof, adapt to meta-acid
The olive grafting of property soil.Therefore, the advantages of making full use of seedling in production, breeding olive seedling make stock
Grafting is cultivated, can not only improve olive adaptability, but also the yielding ability of scion variety can also be optimized, also for adaptation
The development trend of olive industry.
Olive germination is relatively difficult, although using existing seed treatment and sand storage germination accelerating method, can improve
Germination percentage, but the percentage of seedgermination of some kinds is still very low, and also it is slow to germinate, and growing-seedling period is long, and germination is irregular,
Seedling quality is unbalanced, is difficult to breed on a large scale in a short time, is unfavorable for the utilization and extention of seedling.
The content of background section is only the technology that inventor is known, not the existing skill of natural representative this field
Art.
The content of the invention
For the prior art there are one or more of problem, the present invention provides a kind of olive seeding and seedling raising sides
Method.
It is realized especially by following technical scheme：
In one aspect of the invention, a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method is provided, including：
Seeds preprocess：It is soaked seed successively with warm water, NaOH solution, clear water and Gibberellins solution；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed and the vernalization matrix mixing after disinfecting, vernalization in greenhouse is placed in；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, covered with covering matrix
Bordeaux mixture, covering and heat insulating layer are sprayed after the seed after planting；With
Seedling management：After emergence, Bordeaux mixture is sprayed, after all emerging, the insulating layer is removed, pours and apply improvement
Hoaglan ' s nutrient solutions.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of above-mentioned olive seeding growing seedlings method includes：
Seeds preprocess：With 50 DEG C~55 DEG C of 44~52h of water seed soaking, drain, then with 40~50g/L NaOH solutions
Soak seed 22~26h, is cleaned, drained with clear water, then impregnates 44~52h with clear water, drains, finally red mould with 0.35~0.55g/L
It is disposed within to dry in the shade after plain 22~26h of solution seed soaking；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed, with disinfect after vernalization matrix, with 1 ︰ (3~4) ratio mixing,
Vernalization is carried out under the conditions of being placed in 22~28 DEG C, until seed breach rate is at least up to 20%；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, covered with covering matrix
The Bordeaux mixture of sprinkling 0.5~1.5% after the seed after planting, covering and heat insulating layer keep 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60
~80%；With
Seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10 days sprinkling 0.8~1.2% Bordeaux mixture once, after all emerge after,
The insulating layer is removed, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions for applying 1~3 1/3~1/2 concentration weekly.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of above-mentioned olive seeding growing seedlings method includes：
Seeds preprocess：It with 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 48h, drains, then with the seed soaking of 50g/L NaOH solutions for 24 hours, uses clear water
It cleans, drains, then 48h is impregnated with clear water, drain, it is disposed within after finally being soaked seed for 24 hours with 0.4~0.5g/L Gibberellins solutions
It dries in the shade；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed, with disinfect after vernalization matrix, with 1 ︰, 3 ratio mixings, be placed in 22
Vernalization is carried out under the conditions of~28 DEG C, until seed breach rate is at least up to 30%；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, covered with covering matrix
The Bordeaux mixture of sprinkling 1% after the seed after planting, covering and heat insulating layer keep 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60~80%；
With
Seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10 days sprinkling 1% Bordeaux mixture once, after all emerge after, remove institute
Insulating layer is stated, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions for applying 2 1/2 concentration weekly.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the seed is derived from olive green mature fruit.Wherein described olive green mature fruit is
The fruit that olea europaea fruit solid color harvests when switching to light green by dark green, the olive harvested such as Gansu Wudu mid or late August
Fruit, Xichang Sichuan, Lijiang, yunnan are the olive fruit that late July to August early and middle ten days harvest.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the concrete operation method that the seed is derived from olive green mature fruit is：In oily olive
Olive green mature fruiting period, recovery of oil olive fruits remove the pulp of the olive fruit, take out seed and clean, drain.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the vernalization matrix is wet sand, wherein the water content of the vernalization matrix for 3~
5%.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the method for the vernalization selection stratification.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the container for plant growth is sprout seedbed, hole tray, nutritive cube or its combination.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the seedling medium is sandy loam, fertile soil, turfy soil or its combination.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is described covering matrix for fine sand, sandy loam, fertile soil, turfy soil or its combination,
The thickness of wherein described covering matrix is 1-2cm.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the insulating layer is transparent insulating layer, and the transparent insulating layer is transparent plastic
Film, transparent PVC shed or its combination.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is described to use in water seed soaking method in the Seeds preprocess step, by more
Secondary replacement warm water control water temperature.
According to an aspect of the present invention, improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solution prescriptions are：Calcium nitrate 945mg/L, nitric acid
Potassium 607mg/L, ammonium phosphate 115mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solutions 2.5mL/L, it is 6.0 to adjust pH value；It is wherein described
The preparation method of iron salt solutions is：It weighs ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3.73g is dissolved in distilled water
In, distilled water is settled to 500mL, and it is 5.5 to adjust pH value.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, some exemplary embodiments are simply just described.As one skilled in the art will recognize that
Like that, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, described embodiment can be changed by various different modes.
Therefore, be described below be considered essentially it is illustrative rather than restrictive.
It is disclosed below to provide many different embodiments or example for realizing the different structure of the present invention.In order to
Simplify disclosure of the invention, hereinafter the component and setting of specific examples are described.Certainly, they are merely examples, and
And it is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, the present invention can in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or reference letter,
This repetition is for purposes of simplicity and clarity, between itself not indicating discussed various embodiments and/or setting
Relation.In addition, the present invention provides various specific techniques and material example, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be with
Recognize the application of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.
In an embodiment of the invention, a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method is provided, including：
Seeds preprocess：It is soaked seed successively with warm water, NaOH solution, clear water and Gibberellins solution；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed and the vernalization matrix mixing after disinfecting, vernalization in greenhouse is placed in；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, covered with covering matrix
Bordeaux mixture, covering and heat insulating layer are sprayed after the seed after planting；With
Seedling management：After emergence, Bordeaux mixture is sprayed, after all emerging, the insulating layer is removed, pours and apply improvement
Hoaglan ' s nutrient solutions.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, greenhouse described in the presprouting of seeds step can be heliogreenhouse,
Tissue culture room or incubator etc..
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of above-mentioned olive seeding growing seedlings method includes：
Seeds preprocess：With 50 DEG C~55 DEG C of 44~52h of water seed soaking, drain, then with 40~50g/L NaOH solutions
Soak seed 22~26h, is cleaned, drained with clear water, then impregnates 44~52h with clear water, drains, finally red mould with 0.35~0.55g/L
It is disposed within to dry in the shade after plain 22~26h of solution seed soaking, until the surface of the seed is fully dry.Wherein during with water seed soaking,
The temperature of warm water can be controlled by repeatedly replacing warm water, to ensure that better effect of soaking seed, such as period can replace temperature
Water 2 times, 3 times, it is 4 inferior.During using NaOH solution and Gibberellins solution seed soaking, during which system can be stirred,
Such as 1 time, 2 times, it is 3 inferior so that olive seed and solution preferably uniformly contact.During with Seed soaking, the phase
Between can replace clear water 1 time, 2 times, it is 3 inferior, remove waterborne no benevolence seeds；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed, with disinfect after vernalization matrix, with 1 ︰ (3~4) ratio mixing,
Vernalization is carried out under the conditions of being placed in 22~28 DEG C, until seed breach rate is at least up to 20%.Wherein described vernalization matrix can be
Wet sand, wherein the water content of the vernalization matrix is 3~5%.The vernalization can select the method for stratification.It can utilize
0.3~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate carries out handling the vernalization matrix, to carry out disinfection to vernalization matrix.When selection lamination
During vernalization, the homogeneous mixture of olive seed and vernalization matrix can be positioned in container, be highly advisable no more than 40cm,
Surface can cover the sandy soil of about 3cm, can also on container covering and heat insulating layer, so easily heat and moisture preserving.In vernalization
In the process, the mixture of seed and vernalization matrix can be stirred, for example, 1 time, it is 2 inferior, to ensure seed in vernalization
In journey can good contact oxygen and be unlikely to rot；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, covered with covering matrix
The Bordeaux mixture of sprinkling 0.5~1.5% after the seed after planting, covering and heat insulating layer keep 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60
~80%.Prior to seeding, can carry out disinfection to seedling medium processing, be drenched after being packed into container for plant growth with water, and the nursery is held
Device can be sprout seedbed, hole tray, nutritive cube or its combination, and one or more olive kinds can be sowed in each container for plant growth
Son.The seedling medium can be sandy loam, fertile soil, turfy soil or its combination.The covering matrix can be fine sand, husky earth
Soil, fertile soil, turfy soil or its combination, wherein the thickness of the covering matrix is advisable with substantially invisible olive seed,
E.g., about 1~2cm.The insulating layer be transparent insulating layer, such as can be transparent plastic film, PVC sheds or its combination,
Illumination, the temperature and humidity that olive seed needs in germination process can be so easier to provide with；
Seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10 days sprinkling 0.5~1.5% Bordeaux mixture once, after all emerge after,
The insulating layer is removed, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions for applying 1~3 1/3~1/2 concentration weekly.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of above-mentioned olive seeding growing seedlings method includes：
Seeds preprocess：It with 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 48h, drains, then with the seed soaking of 50g/L NaOH solutions for 24 hours, uses clear water
Clean, drain, then with clear water impregnate 48h, drain, then with 0.4~0.5g/L Gibberellins solutions seed soaking for 24 hours after, the moon disposed within
It is dry, until the surface of the seed is fully dry；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed, with disinfect after vernalization matrix, with 1 ︰, 3 ratio mixings, be placed in 22
Vernalization is carried out under the conditions of~28 DEG C, until seed breach rate is at least up to 30%；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, covered with covering matrix
The Bordeaux mixture of sprinkling 1% after seed after planting, covering and heat insulating layer keep 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60~80%；
Seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10 days sprinkling 1% Bordeaux mixture once, after all emerge after, remove institute
Insulating layer is stated, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions for applying 2 1/2 concentration weekly.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seed is derived from olive green mature fruit.Wherein described olive is blue or green
The fruit that ripe fruit harvests when switching to light green by dark green for olea europaea fruit solid color, as Gansu Wudu mid or late August harvests
Olive fruit, Xichang Sichuan, Lijiang, yunnan are the olive fruit that late July to August early and middle ten days harvest.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concrete operation method that the seed is derived from olive green mature fruit is：
In olive green mature fruiting period, recovery of oil olive fruits remove the pulp of the olive, take out seed and clean, drain.Wherein exist
It can be harvested during recovery of oil olive fruits for example, by manual mode, mechanical harvesting can also be passed through.Recovery of oil olive fruits
When can gather big full, no disease and pests harm harm the fruit of grain outside olive tree hat upper external or middle level.It is removing
It can be soaked for a period of time before the pulp of olive fruit in clear water, then remove and remove pulp.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solution prescriptions are：Calcium nitrate 945mg/
L, potassium nitrate 607mg/L, ammonium phosphate 115mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solutions 2.5mL/L, it is 6.0 to adjust pH value；Its
Described in the preparation methods of iron salt solutions be：It weighs ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3.73g is dissolved in
In distilled water, distilled water is settled to 500mL, and it is 5.5 to adjust pH value.
The present invention utilizes the seed of olive green mature fruiting period, and olive seed can contract not completely into rest period at this time
Short germination time, it might even be possible to without pregermination procedure, substantially reduce entire seedling raise period.Olive seed is by warm water, NaOH
After solution, clear water and Gibberellins solution seed soaking, the gibberellin of use of finally soaking seed is with drying in the shade the interior of olive seed
Process has been stayed on seed, in subsequent vernalization seeding process, is more conducive to improve olive kind under the conditions of temperature and humidity control
The germination percentage of son, and the irregular problem of olive emergence is advantageously accounted for, shorten seedling raise period.Improvement is utilized after emergence
Hoaglan ' s nutrient solutions pour applying to the tender seedling of olive, although eliminating the addition of trace element, than be applied alone urea or N,
K, P composite fertilizers are more advantageous to strong sprout, and extend seedling growth stage, are conducive to nurturing staff, and laborsaving, saving of labor, at low cost, efficiency
Height, convenient for promoting improved seeds and large-scale production, and planting percent is higher, grows vigorous, well developed root system, more preferable to meet oily olive
The plantation demand of olive industry development.
The present invention provides a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method, the inventor of the present application discovered that nursery stage only has 1~2
Month, and percentage of seedgermination is up to more than 60%, and original seed, outdoor outdoor sowing etc., nursery is harvested after fructescence
Phase is 2~3 months, for up to 6~6 months, and germination percentage is only up to 50%, and it is irregular to emerge.It is it can be seen that of the invention
A kind of olive presprouting of seeds and seeding growing seedlings method provided can improve percentage of seedgermination, shorten seedling raise period, and it is whole to emerge
Together, planting percent is high, grows vigorous, well developed root system.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below, it should be understood that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
Olive seeding growing seedlings method：
1. fruit harvesting and processing：Harvest olive green mature fruiting period olive fruit, acquisition tree crown upper strata, middle level outside grain
Big full, no disease and pests harm harm fruit, impregnates in clear water, smashs to pieces, removes and remove pulp, take out seed, rubbed with the hands with clear water
It washes and cleans, drain.
2. Seeds preprocess：Pure seed is immersed in 50 DEG C of warm water, 48h is impregnated, changes water therebetween 3 times, drain.It immerses
50g/L NaOH solutions impregnate for 24 hours, stir 2 mixings therebetween, outwell solution, rinsed well, drained repeatedly with clear water.It changes again
Into clear water impregnate 48h, therebetween per 12h change water clean 1 time, remove bubble through the water column without benevolence seed, drain.It is red to immerse 0.4g/L
Mycin solution impregnates for 24 hours, stirs 2 mixings therebetween, and taking-up is placed in dries in the shade at room temperature, until the surface of the seed is fully dry.
3. presprouting of seeds：Clean thick river sand is taken, is carried out disinfection processing with 0.3~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, sand is wet
Spend 3~5% water content.The seed after seed soaking, with disinfect after wet sand, with 1 ︰, 3 ratio mixings, contained with container
Dress carries out stratification, and lamination height is advisable no more than 40cm, the sandy soil of surface covering 3cm thickness, plastic covering above container
Cloth is placed on greenhouse seedbed, warm 22~28 DEG C of indoor temperature.Every 5~7d is stirred 1 time, when stirring therebetween, with bamboo sieve by seed and
River sand separates, and the moisture content of wet sand is adjusted to 3~5% or so, then by seed and sand mixing, the method stacked according to layering
Vernalization is carried out, until seed breach rate is at least 30%.
4. seeding and seedling raising：Before sowing, fertile soil carries out disinfection after processing, be fitted into it is seedling cultivation bed in, drenched with water.It will pass through
The seed of vernalization, is equably sown on seedling cultivation bed, every square metre of seeding in nursery bed 0.5~1kg of amount, cover sandy soil, thickness with
Loseing seed is advisable, and sprays 1% Bordeaux mixture immediately, and arch transparent plastic cloth in covering keeps 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60
~80%.
5. seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10d sprays 1% Bordeaux mixture 1 time, sprays 2~3 times altogether.After all emerging,
Plastic cloth is removed successively, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions (preparing in advance) for applying 2 1/2 concentration weekly.
Embodiment 2：
Olive seeding growing seedlings method：
1. fruit harvesting and processing：Olive green mature fruiting period olive fruit is harvested, grain is full greatly outside acquisition tree crown middle level
Full, no disease and pests harm harm fruit, impregnates in clear water, smashs to pieces, removes and remove pulp, take out seed, washed by rubbing with the hands simultaneously with clear water
It cleans, drains.
2. Seeds preprocess：Pure seed is immersed in 50 DEG C of warm water, 52h is impregnated, changes water therebetween 3 times, drain.It immerses
40g/L NaOH solutions impregnate 26h, stir 2 mixings therebetween, outwell solution, rinsed well, drained repeatedly with clear water.It changes again
Into clear water impregnate 44h, therebetween per 12h change water clean 1 time, remove bubble through the water column without benevolence seed, drain.It is red to immerse 0.35/L
Mycin solution impregnates 26h, stirs 2 mixings therebetween, and taking-up is placed in dries in the shade at room temperature, until the surface of the seed is fully dry.
3. presprouting of seeds：Clean thick river sand is taken, is carried out disinfection processing with 0.3~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, sand is wet
Spend 3~5% water content.The seed after seed soaking, with disinfect after river sand, with 1 ︰, 3 ratio mixings, contained with container
Dress carries out stratification, and lamination height is advisable no more than 40cm, the sandy soil of surface covering 3cm thickness, plastic covering above container
Cloth is placed on greenhouse seedbed, warm 22~28 DEG C of indoor temperature.Every 5~7d is stirred 1 time, when stirring therebetween, with bamboo sieve by seed and
River sand separates, and the moisture content of river sand is adjusted to 3~5% or so, then by seed and sand mixing, the method stacked according to layering
Vernalization is carried out, until seed breach rate is at least 20%.
4. seeding and seedling raising：Before sowing, sandy loam carries out disinfection after processing, be fitted into it is seedling cultivation bed in, drenched with water.It will pass through
The seed of vernalization, is equably sown on seedling cultivation bed, every square metre of seeding in nursery bed 0.5~1kg of amount, cover sandy soil, thickness with
Loseing seed is advisable, and sprays 0.5% Bordeaux mixture immediately, and arch transparent plastic cloth in covering keeps 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity
60~80%.
5. seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10d sprays 0.5% Bordeaux mixture 1 time, sprays 2~3 times altogether.Treat whole emergences
Afterwards, arch plastic cloth is removed successively, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions (preparing in advance) for applying 2 1/2 concentration weekly.
Embodiment 3：
Olive seeding growing seedlings method：
1. fruit harvesting and processing：Olive green mature fruiting period olive fruit is harvested, grain is full greatly outside acquisition tree crown middle level
Full, no disease and pests harm harm fruit, impregnates in clear water, smashs to pieces, removes and remove pulp, take out seed, washed by rubbing with the hands simultaneously with clear water
It cleans, drains.
2. Seeds preprocess：Pure seed is immersed in 50 DEG C of warm water, 52h is impregnated, changes water therebetween 3 times, drain.It immerses
45g/L NaOH solutions impregnate 26h, stir 2 mixings therebetween, outwell solution, rinsed well, drained repeatedly with clear water.It changes again
Into clear water impregnate 44h, therebetween per 12h change water clean 1 time, remove bubble through the water column without benevolence seed, drain.It is red to immerse 0.5g/L
Mycin solution impregnates 26h, stirs 2 mixings therebetween, and taking-up is placed in dries in the shade at room temperature, until the surface of the seed is fully dry.
3. presprouting of seeds：Clean thick river sand is taken, is carried out disinfection processing with 0.3~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, sand is wet
Spend 3~5% water content.The seed after seed soaking, with disinfect after river sand, with 1 ︰, 4 ratio mixings, contained with container
Dress carries out stratification, and lamination height is advisable no more than 40cm, and surface covers the sandy soil of 3cm thickness, and plastic covering is thin above container
Film is placed on greenhouse seedbed, warm 22~28 DEG C of indoor temperature.Every 5~7d is stirred 1 time, when stirring therebetween, with bamboo sieve by seed and
River sand separates, and the moisture content of river sand is adjusted to 3~5% or so, then by seed and sand mixing, the method stacked according to layering
Vernalization is carried out, until seed breach rate is at least 25%.
4. seeding and seedling raising：Before sowing, turfy soil carries out disinfection after processing, is fitted into hole tray, is drenched with water.Vernalization will be passed through
Seed sow in hole tray, sow 1, covering sandy soil, thickness is advisable to lose seed, sprays immediately in each hole of hole tray in
1.5% Bordeaux mixture, arch transparent plastic cloth in covering keep 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60~80%.
5. seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10d sprays 1.5% Bordeaux mixture 1 time, sprays 2~3 times altogether.Treat whole emergences
Afterwards, arch plastic cloth is removed successively, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions (preparing in advance) for applying 2 1/2 concentration weekly.
Embodiment 4：
Olive seeding growing seedlings method：
1. fruit harvesting and processing：Olive green mature fruiting period olive fruit is harvested, grain is full greatly outside acquisition tree crown middle level
Full, no disease and pests harm harm fruit, impregnates in clear water, smashs to pieces, removes and remove pulp, take out seed, washed by rubbing with the hands simultaneously with clear water
It cleans, drains.
2. Seeds preprocess：Pure seed is immersed in 55 DEG C of warm water, 44h is impregnated, changes water therebetween 3 times, drain.It immerses
50g/L NaOH solutions impregnate 22h, stir 2 mixings therebetween, outwell solution, rinsed well, drained repeatedly with clear water.It changes again
Into clear water impregnate 52h, therebetween per 12h change water clean 1 time, remove bubble through the water column without benevolence seed, drain.Immerse 0.55g/L
Gibberellins solution impregnates 22h, stirs 2 mixings therebetween, and taking-up is placed in dries in the shade at room temperature, until the surface of the seed is fully dry.
3. presprouting of seeds：Clean wet sand is taken, is carried out disinfection processing with 0.3~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, wet sand 3
~5% water content.The seed after seed soaking, with disinfect after wet sand, with 1 ︰, 3 ratio mixings, contained with container, into
Row stratification, lamination height are advisable no more than 40cm, the sandy soil of surface covering 3cm thickness, and plastic covering film above container is put
In on greenhouse seedbed, warm 22~28 DEG C of indoor temperature.Every 5~7d is stirred 1 time, when stirring therebetween, is sieved with bamboo by seed and river sand
It separates, the moisture content of river sand is adjusted to 3~5% or so, then by seed and sand mixing, the method stacked according to layering carries out
Vernalization, until seed breach rate is at least 30%.
4. seeding and seedling raising：Before sowing, fertile soil carries out disinfection after processing, is packed into nutritive cube, is drenched with water.Vernalization will be passed through
Seed sow in nutritive cube, 1 is sowed each hole in, covering sandy soil, thickness is advisable to lose seed, sprays immediately
1.2% Bordeaux mixture, arch transparent plastic cloth in covering keep 22~25 DEG C of temperature, humidity 60~80%.
5. seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10d sprays 1.2% Bordeaux mixture 1 time, sprays 2~3 times altogether.Treat whole emergences
Afterwards, arch plastic cloth is removed successively, pours improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions (preparing in advance) for applying 3 1/3 concentration weekly.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments or carry out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements are made should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method, which is characterized in that including：
Seeds preprocess：It is soaked seed successively with warm water, NaOH solution, clear water and Gibberellins solution；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed and the vernalization matrix mixing after disinfecting, vernalization in greenhouse is placed in；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, described in covering matrix covering
Bordeaux mixture, covering and heat insulating layer are sprayed after seed after planting；With
Seedling management：After emergence, Bordeaux mixture is sprayed, after all emerging, removes the insulating layer, pours and applies improvement Hoaglan '
S nutrient solutions.
2. a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including：
Seeds preprocess：It with 50 DEG C~55 DEG C of 44~52h of water seed soaking, drains, then is soaked seed with 40~50g/L NaOH solutions
22~26h is cleaned with clear water, is drained, then impregnates 44~52h with clear water, is drained, finally molten with 0.35~0.55g/L gibberellin
Liquid is soaked seed after 22~26h, disposed within to dry in the shade；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed, with disinfect after vernalization matrix, with 1 ︰ (3~4) ratio mixing, be placed in
Vernalization is carried out under the conditions of 22~28 DEG C, until seed breach rate is at least up to 20%；
Seeding and seedling raising：The seed after vernalization is sowed in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, described in covering matrix covering
The Bordeaux mixture of sprinkling 0.5~1.5% after seed after planting, covering and heat insulating layer, 22~25 DEG C of temperature of holding, humidity 60~
80%；With
Seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10 days sprinkling 0.8~1.2% Bordeaux mixture once, after all emerge after, remove
The insulating layer pours weekly improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions for applying 1~3 1/3~1/2 concentration.
3. a kind of olive seeding growing seedlings method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that including：
Seeds preprocess：It with 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 48h, drains, then with the seed soaking of 50g/L NaOH solutions for 24 hours, is cleaned with clear water,
It drains, then 48h is impregnated with clear water, drain, it is disposed within to dry in the shade after finally being soaked seed for 24 hours with 0.4~0.5g/L Gibberellins solutions；
Presprouting of seeds：By pretreated seed, with disinfect after vernalization matrix, with 1 ︰, 3 ratio mixings, be placed in 22~28
Vernalization is carried out under the conditions of DEG C, until seed breach rate is at least up to 30%；
Seeding and seedling raising：It by the seed after vernalization, equably sows in the container for plant growth containing seedling medium, is covered with covering matrix
The Bordeaux mixture of sprinkling 1% after seed described in lid after planting, covering and heat insulating layer, 22~25 DEG C of temperature of holding, humidity 60~
80%；With
Seedling management：After emergence, every 7~10 days sprinkling 1% Bordeaux mixture once, after all emerge after, remove the guarantor
Warm layer pours weekly improvement Hoaglan ' the s nutrient solutions for applying 2 1/2 concentration.
A kind of 4. olive seeding growing seedlings method according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the seed
It is derived from olive green mature fruit；
The concrete operation method that wherein described seed is derived from olive green mature fruit is：In olive green mature fruiting period, olive is harvested
Fruit removes the pulp of the olive fruit, takes out seed and cleans, drains.
A kind of 5. olive seeding growing seedlings method according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the vernalization
Matrix is wet sand, wherein the water content of the vernalization matrix is 3~5%；
And/or the method for the vernalization selection stratification；
And/or the container for plant growth is sprout seedbed, hole tray, nutritive cube or its combination；
And/or the seedling medium is sandy loam, fertile soil, turfy soil or its combination；
And/or the covering matrix is fine sand, sandy loam, fertile soil, turfy soil or its combination, wherein the covering matrix
Thickness is 1-2cm；
And/or the insulating layer be transparent insulating layer, the transparent insulating layer for transparent plastic film, transparent PVC shed or its
Combination.
A kind of 6. olive seeding growing seedlings method according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the seed
It is described in water seed soaking method in pre-treatment step, control water temperature by repeatedly replacing warm water.
A kind of 7. olive seeding growing seedlings method according to any one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the improvement
Hoaglan ' s nutrient solution prescriptions are：Calcium nitrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 607mg/L, ammonium phosphate 115mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/
L, iron salt solutions 2.5mL/L, it is 6.0 to adjust pH value；
The preparation method of wherein described iron salt solutions is：Weigh ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 3.73g
It is dissolved in distilled water, distilled water is settled to 500mL, and it is 5.5 to adjust pH value.
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| CN112056039A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-11 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Phyllanthus emblica seed treatment method |
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