CN105660099B - A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method - Google Patents
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660099B CN105660099B CN201610017259.6A CN201610017259A CN105660099B CN 105660099 B CN105660099 B CN 105660099B CN 201610017259 A CN201610017259 A CN 201610017259A CN 105660099 B CN105660099 B CN 105660099B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, this method includes preparing matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings, is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings, sowing, will sow and frame shift seedling management is carried out into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film.The method matrix nutrition of the present invention enriches, nursery is easy to operate, seedling cost is low, can promote the use of on a large scale.The average germination percentage of sugarcane method for culturing seedlings seed of the present invention reaches 98.4%, heels in average survival and reaches 99.0%, and obtained cane seedlings are healthy and strong, excellent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant sexual reproduction technique field, and in particular to a kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method.
Background technology
Sugarcane is a kind of annual or perennial Perenniporia martius herbaceous plant, belongs to C4 crops.Cylindrical stem, it is upright,
Tiller, grow thickly, have section, there is bud on section, and internode is solid, outer to be had wax powder, there is purple, red or yellow green etc., and leaf is grown thickly, and blade has
The middle arteries of plump white；Large-scale panicle basidixed, small ear base portion have silver color to become mildewed, and oval or oval caryopsis are tiny.
The country of sugarcane acreage maximum is Brazil, secondly India, China occupies the 3rd.Sugarcane is China's sugaring
Primary raw material.In world's sugar total output, sucrose accounts for 65%, Chinese then account for more than 80%.Edible product necessary to sugar is the mankind
One of, and the important source material of the food industry such as candy, beverage.Meanwhile the important original of sugarcane or light industry, the chemical industry and energy
Material.Thus, develop sugarcane production, to improving the life of the people, promoting the development of agricultural and related industry, or even to whole national
Expanding economy all has consequence and effect.
Cane breeding needs sexual hybridization, and it is then vegetative propagation to breed.Intravarietal every plant of sugarcane is all identical base
Because of type, unless accidentally undergo mutation, it is otherwise very consistent.The kind that countries in the world are bred as is the miscellaneous of 3-5 sugarcane original seed mostly
Offspring is handed over, interbreed is then carried out and backcrossing is bred as, substantially the recombinant of homogeneity genotype composition kind, therefore cause
Sugar cane breed inbreeding, hereditary basis is narrow, and blood relationship is close, cause in the past 30 years cane breeding in yield, sugar and resistance
Etc. always difficulty have compared with quantum jump.Cane seedlings are the seedling that the cultivating seeds of sugarcane sexual hybridization come out, due to seed
Small, the technical stronger cultivations of cultivating process are bad may to cause whole death, and cane seedlings are the basic work of crossbreeding again
Work, the quality of seedling breeding and speed, are directly related to the implementation result of breeding plan.
Application number：201410269449.8 patent disclose it is a kind of improve cane seedlings transplanting success method,
This method includes making Seeding box, prepares seedling matrix, sowing and transplant process.Wherein, matrix is pond sludge and middle sand,
Transplant includes cultivating under the cultivation of film printing opacity greenhouse, sunshade and Field planting.This method matrix is easy to hardened, gas permeability
It is bad, the energy force difference of heavy rain is resisted, weeds are more, cause weeds to grab limited nutritional ingredient with cross hybrid seedling, simultaneously because root
It is undeveloped, emergence rate is not high, and planting survival rates are low, and cross hybrid seedling growing way is weak after field planting, and management difficulty is big and liquid manure etc. manages
Input is higher.At the same time, it is necessary to transplant twice, root is damaged twice, is unfavorable for the growth and development of cane seedlings.It is of the invention to be also
It is improved on this basis and perfect.
Application number：200810058993.2 a kind of sugar-cane tree-seedling strong seedling cultivation method is disclosed, by improving seedbed base
Matter, improve seedbed frame, seed disinfection light seeding, temperature control moisturizing promote rudiment, temperature control moisturizing growth promotion, in due course fertilising, shade practice seedling,
Leaf-cutting and the implementation for changing strong eight technical steps of control rush, realize the purpose for cultivating cane seedlings stalwartness plant.This method operates
It is cumbersome, it is unsuitable for cultivating use on a large scale.
The content of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of matrix nutrition and enriches, is easy to operate, can on a large scale promote and make
With, the germination percentage of cane seedlings and survival rate are high, seedling cost is low, obtains the nursery side of healthy and strong, excellent cane seedlings
Method.
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure：
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared：Matrix A presses Queensland nut chaff：Peat：Vermiculite：Pond sludge=4-6：1：1-2：
3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and matrix B presses boiler ash sediment：River sand=1：The volume ratio mixing of 1-2, sterilization；
(2) it is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings：Matrix B is layered on to the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm
Portion, thickness 2-3cm, is then covered with the matrix A of 4-6cm thickness, keeps sowing face intermediate projections, arc-shaped；
(3) sow：Sugarcane seed is uniformly sowed on sowing face, each frame of sowing sows 2-2.5 grams, is then covered with 1cm
Matrix A, not expose seed；
(4) sowing is frameed shift into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management：
During germination, it is 25-35 DEG C, humidity 75-90% to keep the temperature in greenhouse, opens greenhouse two daily
The film ventilation 3-5h at end；
After sugarcane seed grows 2-3 piece leaves, fall sick seedling, it is 20-30 DEG C, humidity 60-85% to keep temperature, is opened
Greenhouse both ends film, divulge information 6-8h daily, controls illumination, used pesticide spraying every 5-10 days, examine, and such as finds thrips,
Immediately 1 is pressed with any one of three kinds of 80% orthene missible oil or the happy chrysanthemum ester of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen and water:1000
Volume ratio mixing, a week spray once；
When cane seedlings grow to 6-8cm, sunshade net is removed, greenhouse both ends film is opened, applies water within every 3 days：Urea：It is multiple
Hefei：Potash fertilizer=20000-35000：200-350:200-350：The fertilizer water of 1 weight ratio, just starts to spray using leaf seedling twice,
Leaching is progressively transitioned into below to apply, and drenches elder generation's water drenching before fertilising material, and whole seedling raising process keeps matrix moistening；
Treat that cane seedlings grow to 12-17cm, traditionally heeled in and be colonized again.
Preferably, the Queensland nut chaff is by Queensland nut exocarp and middle pericarp crush being made.
The exocarp of Queensland nut and middle pericarp, are byproducts remaining after Queensland nut is processed, are discarded mostly, not only
It is not fully utilized, also pollutes the environment.Research shows in Queensland nut pericarp containing battalion such as abundant protein and total reducing sugar
Support material.The progress crushing and processing of the middle pericarp of Queensland nut exocarp and cellulosic are obtained Queensland nut chaff, Australia by the present invention
Nut chaff grain size specification is≤18mm, which has good water-retaining property, gas permeability, slowly trophism, nature
Resolution ratio.Using Queensland nut chaff as matrix, excellent growth conditions can be provided for sugarcane production, extend the use of matrix
Phase, reduces the waste of resource, lowers the cost of production.
Preferably, the matrix A contains：Organic matter 45-60g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200-500mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 100-
150mg/kg, available potassium 500-800mg/kg.
Preferably, the pH of the matrix A is 5.8-6.2.
The pH of the matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings A of the present invention is 5.8-6.2, is the soda acid for being more suitable for cane seedlings growth
Degree, under this acid-base value, cane seedlings growing way is more good.
Preferably, the matrix B contains：Rapid available phosphorus 20-30mg/L, available potassium 200-300mg/L, replacement calcium 9000-
11000mg/L, replacement magnesium 200-300mg/L, quick-acting copper 4-5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60-70mg/L, quick-acting iron 15-20mg/L, speed
Imitate boron 20-30mg/L.
Of the invention first to spread boiler ash sediment and river sand in sowing frame shop fixtures portion, boiler ash sediment and river sand can increase the permeable of matrix
Property and gas permeability, exclude excessive moisture, can ensure the respiration of cane seedlings root, prevent that cane seedlings are rotten in time
Root dead seedling.In addition, boiler ash sediment, also containing trace element, this is that other matrix are rare, can be provided more comprehensively for cane seedlings
Nutrition.
Sowing face intermediate projections of the present invention, it is arc-shaped, it is to sow ponding among face in order to prevent to cause rotten.
The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that the composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 15-15-15.
Sugarcane seed is tiny, and fine hair is more, and easy uneven sowing is even during sowing, each sowing frame sow 2-2.5 grams it is sweet
Seed, is then dialled even, the i.e. space of the enough growths of guarantee seedling acquisition, and avoiding by sugarcane seed with sharp bamboo stick or small wooden
The excessively intensive either excessively sparse situation for causing large stretch of dead seedling or wasting matrix resource of seedling growth.Above seed
Matrix is covered, avoids being stacked into seed together when wind or watering, disperses uneven.
Temperature, moisture, ventilation, illumination, fertilising, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of seedling management, each step be all related to nursery into
Whether work(：
Temperature, moisture：, it is necessary to which higher humiture, the present invention are kept during germination during sugarcane germination
Temperature is 25-35 DEG C, and humidity 75-90%, good germination condition is provided for germination；Germination grow 2-3 pieces leaf it
Afterwards, humiture, i.e. 20-30 DEG C of temperature are suitably reduced, humidity 60-85%, can reduce transpiration, reduce cane seedlings and plant
The consumption of nutriment in strain.
Ventilation：During germination, respiration needs a large amount of oxygen, while output carbon dioxide to sugarcane seed.The present invention
Certain ventilation is given once daily, the oxygen needed for seed breathing can be increased, takes away the carbon dioxide of discharge.Cane seedlings are grown
During to 6-8cm, greenhouse both ends film is opened, additionally it is possible to temper cane seedlings lodging tolerance.
It is described that to control illumination be to give 30-80% gradually incremental natural lightings according to growth time.
Illumination：Illumination is not required excessively during germination, after germination grows blade, the present invention gives first
30% intensity of illumination is given, with real every intensity of illumination of the intensity of illumination of 1-2 days increase 5-10% until 80%, interim sugarcane
The photosynthesis of raw seedling provides illumination, ensures that cane seedlings progressively grow tall and becomes strong, prevents excessive growth from causing cane seedlings elongated.
Fertilising：Cane seedlings growth be unable to do without fertilizer supply, matrix of the invention include sugarcane germination and
Organic matter, a great number of elements, trace element and mineral matter needed for growth, fertility is high, and fertilizer efficiency time length, cane seedlings grow to 6-
8cm high just needs to apply fertilizer, and reduces use and the cost of fertilizer.
The cane seedlings to grow tall should be obtained in production, obtain sturdy cane seedlings again, the present invention is applying urine
Potash fertilizer is added while element, composite fertilizer, strengthens the growth of cane seedlings stem, cane seedlings is growed more sturdy.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The environment of warm moist easily grows germ and pest, in due course in whole seedling raising process to give
Give certain ventilation and illumination, it is possible to reduce the generation of pest and disease damage.After sugarcane seed grows leaf, pest and disease damage also occurs therewith,
Especially will anti-thrips harm, to examine, find be pesticide, prevention one.
Beneficial effect
1st, matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings nutrient of the invention is sufficient, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other a great number of elements, micro-
Secondary element content is high.In addition；The matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings of the present invention is practically free of bacterium, microorganism and grass seeds, Bu Huiyin
Rise in cane seedlings infection or matrix and grow grass；The matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings quality of the present invention is lighter at the same time, on the one hand
Will not be compacted sugarcane seed causes germination percentage to reduce, on the other hand play insulation, moisturizing, prevent matrix hardened and rain after sprout tumble,
Press the effect of seedling.
2nd, culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the invention, using upper and lower two layers of matrix, boiler ash sediment, the river sand of matrix B is main
Play respiration permeable, ventilative, that part nutrition is provided, ensures cane seedlings root, prevent rotten death of cane seedlings
Effect；Queensland nut chaff, peat, vermiculite and the pond sludge nutrient foot of matrix A, has water conservation gas permeability, contained nutriment
With slow release, it is not necessary to apply too many fertilizer, it becomes possible to keep permanent fertility, reduce the cost of nursery.
3rd, culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the invention, using Queensland nut chaff as main matrix, that is, reduces money
Source wastes, and reduces production cost.
4th, the average germination percentage of sugarcane method for culturing seedlings seed of the present invention reaches 98.4%, heels in average survival and reaches
99.0%, obtained cane seedlings are sturdy, excellent.
5th, culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the invention cultivates 50-60 days and can start to heel in, and to contract than conventional method
It is 5-10 days short, the production time has been saved, has improved production efficiency.
6th, culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the invention is easy to operate, and special processing is not required in equipment, raw material, being capable of big model
Enclose and promote the use of.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not as being limitation of the present invention.
Seed used in the present invention is the CP84-1198/ Liuchengs 03-182 cenospecies of Hainan cane breeding field, average gram of seed
Germinative number is 230 plants.
Embodiment 1
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure：
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared：Queensland nut exocarp and middle pericarp are carried out to crush obtained Australia heavily fortified point
Fruit chaff, matrix A press Queensland nut chaff：Peat：Vermiculite：Pond sludge=4：1：1：3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and matrix B presses boiler ash sediment：
River sand=1：1 volume ratio mixing, sterilization；Wherein, matrix A contains：Organic matter 45g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 100mg/kg, available potassium 500mg/kg, pH 5.8；Matrix B contains：Rapid available phosphorus 20mg/L, available potassium 200mg/L, replacement
Calcium 9000mg/L, replacement magnesium 200mg/L, quick-acting copper 4mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60mg/L, quick-acting iron 15mg/L, quick-acting boron 20mg/L；
(2) it is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings：Matrix B is layered on to the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm
Portion, thickness 2cm, is then covered with the matrix A of 4cm thickness, keeps sowing face intermediate projections, arc-shaped；
(3) sow：Sugarcane seed is uniformly sowed on sowing face, each frame of sowing sows 2 grams, is then covered with the base of 1cm
Matter A, not expose seed；
(4) sowing is frameed shift into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management：
During germination, it is 25 DEG C to keep the temperature in greenhouse, and humidity 75%, opens the thin of greenhouse both ends daily
Film ventilation 3h；
After sugarcane seed grows 2-3 piece leaves, fall sick seedling, it is 20 DEG C to keep temperature, and humidity 60%, opens greenhouse two
Film is held, divulge information 6h daily, controls illumination, pesticide spraying was used every 5 days；Examine, thrips is such as found, immediately with 80% second
Any one of three kinds of acyl acephatemet missible oil or the happy chrysanthemum ester of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen press 1 with water:1000 volume ratio is mixed
Close, a week sprays once；
When cane seedlings grow to 6-8cm, sunshade net is removed, the film ventilation of greenhouse both ends is opened, applies water within every 3 days：Urine
Element：Composite fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=20000：200:200：The fertilizer water of 1 weight ratio, just start sprayed twice using leaf seedling, behind progressively
It is transitioned into leaching to apply, and drenches elder generation's water drenching before fertilising material, whole seedling raising process keeps matrix moistening；Wherein described composite fertilizer for nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；
Treat that cane seedlings grow to 12-17cm, traditionally heeled in and be colonized again.
Embodiment 2
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure：
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared：Queensland nut exocarp and middle pericarp are carried out to crush obtained Australia heavily fortified point
Fruit chaff, matrix A press Queensland nut chaff：Peat：Vermiculite：Pond sludge=6：1：1：3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and matrix B presses boiler ash sediment：
River sand=1：2 volume ratio mixing, sterilization；Wherein, matrix A contains：Organic matter 60g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 500mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 150mg/kg, available potassium 800mg/kg, pH 6.2；Matrix B contains：Rapid available phosphorus 30mg/L, available potassium 300mg/L, replacement
Calcium 11000mg/L, replacement magnesium 300mg/L, quick-acting copper 5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 70mg/L, quick-acting iron 20mg/L, quick-acting boron 30mg/L；
(2) it is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings：Matrix B is layered on to the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm
Portion, thickness 3cm, is then covered with the matrix A of 6cm thickness, keeps sowing face intermediate projections, arc-shaped；
(3) sow：Sugarcane seed is uniformly sowed on sowing face, each frame of sowing sows 2.5 grams, is then covered with 1cm's
Matrix A, not expose seed；
(4) sowing is frameed shift into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management：
During germination, it is 35 DEG C to keep the temperature in greenhouse, and humidity 90%, opens the thin of greenhouse both ends daily
Film ventilation 5h；
After sugarcane seed grows 2-3 piece leaves, fall sick seedling, it is 30 DEG C to keep temperature, and humidity 80%, opens greenhouse two
Film is held, divulge information 8h daily, controls illumination, pesticide spraying was used every 10 days；Examine, thrips is such as found, immediately with 80% second
Any one of three kinds of acyl acephatemet missible oil or the happy chrysanthemum ester of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen press 1 with water:1000 volume ratio is mixed
Close, a week sprays once；
When cane seedlings grow to 6-8cm, sunshade net is removed, the film ventilation of greenhouse both ends is opened, applies Shi Shui within every 3 days：
Urea：Composite fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=35000：350:350：The fertilizer water of 1 weight ratio, just start sprayed twice using leaf seedling, behind by
Step is transitioned into leaching and applies, and drenches the first water drenching before of fertilising material, and whole seedling raising process keeps matrix moistening；Wherein described composite fertilizer is
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；
Treat that cane seedlings grow to 12-17cm, traditionally heeled in and be colonized again.
Embodiment 3
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure：
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared：Queensland nut exocarp and middle pericarp are carried out to crush obtained Australia heavily fortified point
Fruit chaff, matrix A press Queensland nut chaff：Peat：Vermiculite：Pond sludge=5：1：2：3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and matrix B presses boiler ash sediment：
River sand=1：2 volume ratio mixing, sterilization；Wherein, matrix A contains：Organic matter 50g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 350mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 130mg/kg, available potassium 680mg/kg, pH 6.0；Matrix B contains：Rapid available phosphorus 25mg/L, available potassium 250mg/L, replacement
Calcium 10000mg/L, replacement magnesium 250mg/L, quick-acting copper 4mg/L, quick-acting zinc 65mg/L, quick-acting iron 15mg/L, quick-acting boron 25mg/L；
(2) it is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings：Matrix B is layered on to the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm
Portion, thickness 3cm, is then covered with the matrix A of 5cm thickness, keeps sowing face intermediate projections, arc-shaped；
(3) sow：Sugarcane seed is uniformly sowed on sowing face, each frame of sowing sows 2.2 grams, is then covered with 1cm's
Matrix A, not expose seed；
(4) sowing is frameed shift into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management：
During germination, it is 30 DEG C to keep the temperature in greenhouse, and humidity 85%, opens the thin of greenhouse both ends daily
Film ventilation 4h；
After sugarcane seed grows 2-3 piece leaves, fall sick seedling, it is 25 DEG C to keep temperature, and humidity 75%, opens greenhouse two
Film is held, divulge information 7h daily, controls illumination, pesticide spraying was used every 7 days；Examine, thrips is such as found, immediately with 80% second
Any one of three kinds of acyl acephatemet missible oil or the happy chrysanthemum ester of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen press 1 with water:1000 volume ratio is mixed
Close, a week sprays once；
When cane seedlings grow to 6-8cm, sunshade net is removed, the film ventilation of greenhouse both ends is opened, applies water within every 3 days：Urine
Element：Composite fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=25000：300:250：The fertilizer water of 1 weight ratio, just start sprayed twice using leaf seedling, behind progressively
It is transitioned into leaching to apply, and drenches elder generation's water drenching before fertilising material, whole seedling raising process keeps matrix moistening；Wherein described composite fertilizer for nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；
Treat that cane seedlings grow to 12-17cm, traditionally heeled in and be colonized again.
Embodiment 4
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared：Queensland nut exocarp and middle pericarp are carried out to crush obtained Australia heavily fortified point
Fruit chaff, matrix A press Queensland nut chaff：Peat：Vermiculite：Pond sludge=6：1：2：3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and matrix B presses boiler ash sediment：
River sand=1：1 volume ratio mixing, sterilization；Wherein, matrix A contains：Organic matter 55g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 400mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 120mg/kg, available potassium 650mg/kg, pH 6.0；Matrix B contains：Rapid available phosphorus 20mg/L, available potassium 280mg/L, replacement
Calcium 9900mg/L, replacement magnesium 220mg/L, quick-acting copper 5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60mg/L, quick-acting iron 15mg/L, quick-acting boron 25mg/L；
(2) it is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings：Matrix B is layered on to the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm
Portion, thickness 2cm, is then covered with the matrix A of 5cm thickness, keeps sowing face intermediate projections, arc-shaped；
(3) sow：Sugarcane seed is uniformly sowed on sowing face, each frame of sowing sows 2.3 grams, is then covered with 1cm's
Matrix A, not expose seed；
(4) sowing is frameed shift into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management：
During germination, it is 30 DEG C to keep the temperature in greenhouse, and humidity 75%, opens the thin of greenhouse both ends daily
Film ventilation 3h；
After sugarcane seed grows 2-3 piece leaves, fall sick seedling, it is 28 DEG C to keep temperature, and humidity 75%, opens greenhouse two
Film is held, divulge information 6h daily, controls illumination, pesticide spraying was used every 8 days；Examine, thrips is such as found, immediately with 80% second
Any one of three kinds of acyl acephatemet missible oil or the happy chrysanthemum ester of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen press 1 with water:1000 volume ratio is mixed
Close, a week sprays once；
When cane seedlings grow to 6-8cm, sunshade net is removed, the film ventilation of greenhouse both ends is opened, applies water within every 3 days：Urine
Element：Composite fertilizer：Potash fertilizer=30000：250:300：The fertilizer water of 1 weight ratio, just start sprayed twice using leaf seedling, behind progressively
It is transitioned into leaching to apply, and drenches elder generation's water drenching before fertilising material, whole seedling raising process keeps matrix moistening；Wherein described composite fertilizer for nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 15-15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；
Treat that cane seedlings grow to 12-17cm, traditionally heeled in and be colonized again.
Survival rate before the sugarcane germination situation of nurturing period of the invention is recorded and heeled in records such as table 1：
Table 1
Remarks：Germination percentage (%)=(during cultivation seed be averaged gram germinative number/seed be averaged gram germinative number) × 100%
Heel in survival rate (%)=[number/(during cultivation seed be averaged gram germinative number × sowing number) is survived before heeling in] × 100%
The average germination percentage of sugarcane method for culturing seedlings seed of the present invention reaches 98.4%, heels in average survival and reaches 99.0%.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. culturing sugarcane seedlings method, it is characterised in that：Including following operating procedure：(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared：Matrix A presses Queensland nut chaff：Peat：Vermiculite：Pond sludge=4-6：1：1-2：3 Volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and matrix B presses boiler ash sediment：River sand=1：The volume ratio mixing of 1-2, sterilization；(2) it is laid with matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings：Matrix B is layered on to the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, Thickness is 2-3cm, is then covered with the matrix A of 4-6cm thickness, keeps sowing face intermediate projections, arc-shaped；(3) sow：Sugarcane seed is uniformly sowed on sowing face, each frame of sowing sows 2-2.5 grams, is then covered with the base of 1cm Matter A, not expose seed；(4) sowing is frameed shift into the greenhouse for having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management：1. during germination, it is 25-35 DEG C, humidity 75-90% to keep the temperature in greenhouse, opens greenhouse both ends daily Film ventilation 3-5h；2. after sugarcane seed grows 2-3 piece leaves, falling sick seedling, it is 20-30 DEG C, humidity 60-85% to keep temperature, opens greenhouse Both ends film, divulge information 6-8h daily, controls illumination, used pesticide spraying every 5-10 days, examine, and such as finds thrips, immediately 1 is pressed with any one of three kinds of 80% orthene missible oil or the happy chrysanthemum ester of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen and water:1000 body Product is sprayed once than mixing, a week；3. cane seedlings grow to 6-8cm, sunshade net is removed, the film ventilation of greenhouse both ends is opened, applies water within every 3 days：Urea：It is multiple Hefei：Potash fertilizer=20000-35000：200-350:200-350：The fertilizer water of 1 weight ratio, just starts to spray using leaf seedling twice, Leaching is progressively transitioned into below to apply, and drenches elder generation's water drenching before fertilising material, and whole seedling raising process keeps matrix moistening；4. treating that cane seedlings grow to 12-17cm, traditionally heeled in and be colonized again.
- 2. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Queensland nut chaff is that Australia is hard Fruit exocarp and middle pericarp crush and are made.
- 3. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The matrix A contains：Organic matter 45- 60g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200-500mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 100-150mg/kg, available potassium 500-800mg/kg.
- 4. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pH of the matrix A is 5.8-6.2.
- 5. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The matrix B contains：Rapid available phosphorus 20- 30mg/L, available potassium 200-300mg/L, replacement calcium 9000-11000mg/L, replacement magnesium 200-300mg/L, quick-acting copper 4-5mg/ L, quick-acting zinc 60-70mg/L, quick-acting iron 15-20mg/L, quick-acting boron 20-30mg/L.
- 6. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The composite fertilizer for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 15- 15-15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
- 7. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described control illumination be according to growth when Between give 30-80% gradually incremental natural lightings.
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| CN106258369B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2020-02-04 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Sugarcane seedling raising method capable of advancing sowing period |
| CN108293639A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-07-20 | 红河州丰茂农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of radix tetrastigme pseudo-wild cultivating new method |
| CN107466644A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method |
| CN107950314B (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-11-06 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method of sugarcane seedlings |
| CN110036861B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-09-03 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Cultivation method of sugarcane seedlings |
| CN110651683B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-08-27 | 柳州市农业科学研究所 | Light simple matrix seedling raising method for sugarcane seedlings |
| CN112166990B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-05-24 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Sugarcane seedling cultivation method |
| CN113854090B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-04-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Seedling raising method for improving perennial root performance of sugarcane |
| CN114793531B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-06-02 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Root rot prevention pear stock cultivation method |
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