CN105660099A - Sugarcane seedling culture method - Google Patents
Sugarcane seedling culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660099A CN105660099A CN201610017259.6A CN201610017259A CN105660099A CN 105660099 A CN105660099 A CN 105660099A CN 201610017259 A CN201610017259 A CN 201610017259A CN 105660099 A CN105660099 A CN 105660099A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sugarcane seedling culture method. The method comprises the steps of preparing sugarcane seedling culture matrix, laying the sugarcane seedling culture matrix, sowing seeds, and moving a sowing frame to a greenhouse provided with a sunshade net and peripherally covered with thin film to perform seedling management. According to the method, the matrix is rich in nutrition, the seedling culture operation is simple, the seedling culture cost is low, and the method can be popularized and used on a large scale. According to the sugarcane seedling culture method, the average germination rate of seeds reaches 98.4%, the average survival rate of temporary planting reaches 99.0%, and obtained sugarcane seedlings are robust and excellent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant sexual reproduction technique field, be specifically related to a kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method.
Background technology
Caulis Sacchari sinensis is a kind of annual or perennial Perenniporia martius herbaceous plant, belongs to C4 crop. Cylindrical stem, upright, tiller, growing thickly, have joint, joint has bud, internode is solid, and outer had wax powder, has purple, red or yellow green etc., and leaf is grown thickly, and blade has the middle arteries and veins of plump white; Large-scale panicle top is raw, and small ear base portion has silver color to become mildewed, and Long Circle or oval caryopsis are tiny.
The maximum country of sugarcane acreage is Brazil, next to that India, China occupies the 3rd. Caulis Sacchari sinensis is the primary raw material of China's sugaring. In world's sugar total output, sucrose accounts for 65%, and China then accounts for more than 80%. Sugar is one of required edible product of the mankind, is also the important source material of the food industry such as confection, beverage. Meanwhile, the important source material of Caulis Sacchari sinensis or light industry, chemical industry and the energy. Thus, develop sugarcane production, to improving the life of the people, promoting the development of agricultural and related industry, or even the development of whole national economy is all had consequence and effect.
Cane breeding needs sexual hybridization, and breeding is then asexual propagation. Intravarietal every strain Caulis Sacchari sinensis is all identical genotype, unless accidentally undergone mutation, otherwise very consistent. The kind that countries in the world are bred as is the filial generation of 3-5 Caulis Sacchari sinensis original seed mostly, then interbreed and the incubation that backcrosses are carried out, substantially the recombinant of homogeneity genotype composition kind, therefore cause sugar cane breed inbreeding, hereditary basis is narrow, blood relationship is close, cause over nearly 30 years cane breeding in yield, sugar and resistance etc. always difficulty have relatively quantum jump. Cane seedlings is the cultivating seeds seedling out of Caulis Sacchari sinensis sexual hybridization, owing to seed is little, cultivating process is technical stronger. and cultivate and bad may result in whole death, cane seedlings is again the element task of cross-breeding, the quality of seedling breeding and speed, is directly connected to the implementation result of breeding plan.
Application number: a kind of method improving cane seedlings transplanting success of the patent disclosure of 201410269449.8, the method includes making Seeding box, preparing seedling substrate, sowing and transplant operation. Wherein, substrate is pond sludge and medium sand, and transplant includes cultivating and Field planting under the cultivation of thin film printing opacity booth, sunshade. The method substrate is prone to harden, breathability is bad, the ability of opposing heavy rain, weeds are more, cause weeds to grab limited nutritional labeling with cross hybrid seedling, simultaneously because root system is undeveloped, emergence rate is not high, planting survival rates is low, and after field planting, cross hybrid seedling growing way is weak, and management difficulty is big and the management such as liquid manure puts into higher.Simultaneously, it is necessary to twice transplanting, root twice is impaired, is unfavorable for the growth promoter of cane seedlings. The present invention improves and perfect on this basis.
Application number: 200810058993.2 disclose a kind of sugar-cane tree-seedling strong seedling cultivation method, by improving medium of seedling bed, improve seedbed frame, seed disinfection light seeding, the short rudiment of temperature control moisturizing, temperature control moisturizing growth promotion, apply fertilizer in good time, the enforcement of strong eight technical steps is urged in the experienced Seedling that shades, leaf-cutting and change control, it is achieved cultivate the purpose of cane seedlings stalwartness plant. The method complex operation, is unsuitable for cultivating on a large scale use.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the present invention provides that a kind of matrix nutrition is abundant, simple to operate, can promote the use of on a large scale, the germination percentage of cane seedlings and survival rate is high, seedling cost is low, obtain stalwartness, the method for culturing seedlings of excellent cane seedlings.
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure:
(1) preparing matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate A is by macadimia nut bran: peat: Vermiculitum: the volume ratio mix homogeneously of pond sludge=4-6:1:1-2:3, substrate B presses boiler ash sediment: the volume ratio mixing of river sand=1:1-2, sterilization;
(2) lay matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate B is layered on the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, and thickness is 2-3cm, repave the thick substrate A of 4-6cm, keep sowing face intermediate projections, curved;
(3) sowing: uniformly being sowed on sowing face by Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, each sowing frame sows 2-2.5 gram, repaves the substrate A of 1cm, not expose seed;
(4) sowing is frameed shift to the booth having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management:
During germination, keeping the temperature in booth to be 25-35 DEG C, humidity is 75-90%, opens the thin film ventilation 3-5h at booth two ends every day;
After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows 2-3 sheet leaf, between fall disease Seedling, keep temperature to be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 60-85%, open booth two ends thin film, ventilate every day 6-8h, controls illumination, every 5-10 days with pesticide spraying, examine, as found thrips, mixing by the volume ratio of 1:1000 with water with any in 80% orthene cream or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen happy chrysanthemum ester three kinds immediately, a week sprays once;
When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, remove sunshade net, open booth two ends thin film, within every 3 days, execute water: carbamide: compound fertilizer: the fertilizer water of potash fertilizer=20000-35000:200-350:200-350:1 weight ratio, just start twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, progressively being transitioned into pouring below to execute, and drench first trickle before fertilising is expected, whole seedling raising process keeps substrate to moisten;
Treat that cane seedlings grows to 12-17cm, traditionally carry out heeling in field planting again.
Preferably, described macadimia nut bran is to be undertaken macadimia nut outer peel and mesocarp pulverizing preparing.
The outer peel of macadimia nut and mesocarp, be side-product remaining after macadimia nut processing, mostly go out of use, be not only not fully utilized, also pollute the environment. Research shows that macadimia nut peel is contained within the nutrient substance such as rich in protein and total sugar. Macadimia nut outer peel and cellulosic mesocarp are carried out grinding and processing and obtain macadimia nut bran by the present invention, and macadimia nut bran grain size specification is≤18mm, and this macadimia nut bran has good water-retaining property, breathability, trophism, slowly natural decomposition rate.Adopt macadimia nut bran as substrate, it is possible to provide excellent growth conditions for sugarcane production, extend the use phase of substrate, reduce the waste of resource, lower the cost produced.
Preferably, described substrate A contains: organic 45-60g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200-500mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 100-150mg/kg, available potassium 500-800mg/kg.
Preferably, the pH of described substrate A is 5.8-6.2.
The pH of the matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings A of the present invention is 5.8-6.2, is the acid-base value being more suitable for cane seedlings growth, and under this acid-base value, cane seedlings growing way is more good.
Preferably, described substrate B contains: rapid available phosphorus 20-30mg/L, available potassium 200-300mg/L, replacement calcium 9000-11000mg/L, replacement magnesium 200-300mg/L, quick-acting copper 4-5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60-70mg/L, quick-acting ferrum 15-20mg/L, quick-acting boron 20-30mg/L.
The present invention first spreads boiler ash sediment and river sand, boiler ash sediment and river sand in sowing frame shop fixtures portion can increase water penetration and the breathability of substrate, gets rid of excessive moisture in time, it is possible to ensure the Repiration of cane seedlings root, it is prevented that rotten dead Seedling of cane seedlings. Additionally, boiler ash sediment is possibly together with trace element, this is that other substrate are rare, can provide more fully nutrition for cane seedlings.
The present invention sows face intermediate projections, curved, is to prevent hydrops in the middle of sowing face from causing rotten.
Described compound fertilizer be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively 15 15 15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed is tiny, fine hair is more, during sowing, easy uneven sowing is even, 2-2.5 gram of Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed is sowed at each sowing frame, then seed is dialled even with point bamboo let or small wooden, namely ensure that seedling obtains the space of enough growths, avoids again seedling growth excessively intensive or excessively sparse, cause the situation of large stretch of dead Seedling or waste substrate resource. Above seed, cover substrate, it is to avoid wind or be stacked into together by seed when watering, disperse uneven.
The temperature of seedling management, moisture, ventilation, illumination, fertilising, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, each step is all related to the success or not of nursery:
Temperature, moisture: during Caulis Sacchari sinensis germination, it is necessary to higher humiture, the present invention keeps temperature to be 25-35 DEG C during germination, and humidity is 75-90%, provides good germination condition for germination; Germination suitably reduces humiture after growing 2-3 sheet leaf, namely temperature 20-30 DEG C, humidity 60-85%, it is possible to reduce transpiration, reduces the consumption of nutrient substance in cane seedlings plant.
Ventilate: during germination, Repiration needs a large amount of oxygen to Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, output carbon dioxide simultaneously. The present invention gives certain ventilation every day, it is possible to increases seed and breathes required oxygen, takes away the carbon dioxide of discharge. When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, open booth two ends thin film, additionally it is possible to temper cane seedlings lodging tolerance.
Described control illumination be according to growth time give 30-80% gradually be incremented by natural lighting.
Illumination: to illumination not too much requirement during germination, after germination grows blade, first the present invention gives the intensity of illumination of 30%, with every 1-2 days increase 5-10% intensity of illumination until 80% intensity of illumination, the photosynthesis of interim cane seedlings provides illumination, ensure that cane seedlings progressively grows tall to become strong, it is prevented that excessive growth causes that cane seedlings is elongated.
Fertilising: the growth of cane seedlings be unable to do without the supply of fertilizer, the substrate of the present invention comprises the organic matter needed for Caulis Sacchari sinensis germination and growth, a great number of elements, trace element and mineral, fertility is high, the fertilizer efficiency time is long, cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm height just needs fertilising, decreases use and the cost of fertilizer.
Production should obtain the cane seedlings grown tall, obtain sturdy cane seedlings again, the present invention execute carbamide, compound fertilizer be simultaneously introduced potash fertilizer, strengthen the growth of cane seedlings stem, make cane seedlings look more sturdy.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the environment of warm moist easily grows pathogenic bacteria and insect, in good time in whole seedling raising process gives certain ventilation and illumination, it is possible to reduce the generation of pest and disease damage. After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows leaf, pest and disease damage also occurs therewith, especially will the harm of anti-thrips, examine, it has been found that i.e. pesticide, preventing and treating one.
Beneficial effect
1, the matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings nutrient of the present invention is sufficient, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other a great number of elements, micronutrient levels height. In addition; The matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings of the present invention is practically free of antibacterial, microorganism and grass seeds, cane seedlings will not be caused to infect or grow grass in substrate; The matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings quality of the present invention is relatively light simultaneously, will not cause that germination percentage reduces by compacting Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed on the one hand, plays insulation, moisturizing on the other hand, prevents substrate from hardening and Seedling, the effect of pressure Seedling after rain.
2, the culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the present invention, uses upper and lower two-layer substrate, the boiler ash sediment of substrate B, river sand act primarily as permeable, ventilative, provide part nutrition, ensure cane seedlings root Repiration, prevent rotten dead effect of cane seedlings; The macadimia nut bran of substrate A, peat, Vermiculitum and pond sludge nutrient foot, have water conservation breathability, and contained nutrient substance has slow-releasing, it is not necessary to use too many fertilizer, it becomes possible to keep permanent fertility, reduces the cost of nursery.
3, the culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the present invention, adopts macadimia nut bran as main substrate, namely decreases the wasting of resources, reduce again production cost.
4, the average germination percentage of Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings seed of the present invention reaches 98.4%, heels in average survival and reaches 99.0%, and the cane seedlings obtained is sturdy, excellent.
5, the culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the present invention is cultivated and within 50-60 days, just can be started to heel in, and to shorten 5-10 days than conventional method, save the production time, improve production efficiency.
6, the culturing sugarcane seedlings method of the present invention is simple to operate, and equipment, raw material do not need special processing, it is possible to promote the use of on a large scale.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described by the examples below, but not as being limitation of the present invention.
Seed used by the present invention is the CP84-1198/ Liucheng 03-182 cenospecies of cane breeding field, Hainan, and average gram of germinative number of seed is 230 strains.
Embodiment 1
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure:
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared: undertaken pulverizing prepared macadimia nut bran by macadimia nut outer peel and mesocarp, substrate A presses macadimia nut bran: peat: Vermiculitum: the volume ratio mix homogeneously of pond sludge=4:1:1:3, substrate B presses boiler ash sediment: the volume ratio mixing of river sand=1:1, sterilization; Wherein, substrate A contains: organic 45g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 100mg/kg, available potassium 500mg/kg, pH are 5.8;Substrate B contains: rapid available phosphorus 20mg/L, available potassium 200mg/L, replacement calcium 9000mg/L, replacement magnesium 200mg/L, quick-acting copper 4mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60mg/L, quick-acting ferrum 15mg/L, quick-acting boron 20mg/L;
(2) lay matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate B is layered on the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, and thickness is 2cm, repave the thick substrate A of 4cm, keep sowing face intermediate projections, curved;
(3) sowing: uniformly being sowed on sowing face by Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, each sowing frame sows 2 grams, repaves the substrate A of 1cm, not expose seed;
(4) sowing is frameed shift to the booth having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management:
During germination, keeping the temperature in booth is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 75%, opens the thin film ventilation 3h at booth two ends every day;
After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows 2-3 sheet leaf, falling disease Seedling, keeping temperature is 20 DEG C, and humidity 60% opens booth two ends thin film, and ventilate every day 6h, controls illumination, every 5 days with pesticide spraying; Examining, as found thrips, mix by the volume ratio of 1:1000 with water with any in 80% orthene cream or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen happy chrysanthemum ester three kinds immediately, week spray is once;
When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, remove sunshade net, open booth two ends thin film to ventilate, within every 3 days, execute water: carbamide: compound fertilizer: the fertilizer water of potash fertilizer=20000:200:200:1 weight ratio, just start twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, progressively being transitioned into pouring below to execute, and drench first trickle before fertilising is expected, whole seedling raising process keeps substrate to moisten; Wherein said compound fertilizer be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively 15 15 15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer;
Treat that cane seedlings grows to 12-17cm, traditionally carry out heeling in field planting again.
Embodiment 2
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure:
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared: undertaken pulverizing prepared macadimia nut bran by macadimia nut outer peel and mesocarp, substrate A presses macadimia nut bran: peat: Vermiculitum: the volume ratio mix homogeneously of pond sludge=6:1:1:3, substrate B presses boiler ash sediment: the volume ratio mixing of river sand=1:2, sterilization; Wherein, substrate A contains: organic 60g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 500mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 150mg/kg, available potassium 800mg/kg, pH are 6.2; Substrate B contains: rapid available phosphorus 30mg/L, available potassium 300mg/L, replacement calcium 11000mg/L, replacement magnesium 300mg/L, quick-acting copper 5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 70mg/L, quick-acting ferrum 20mg/L, quick-acting boron 30mg/L;
(2) lay matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate B is layered on the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, and thickness is 3cm, repave the thick substrate A of 6cm, keep sowing face intermediate projections, curved;
(3) sowing: uniformly being sowed on sowing face by Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, each sowing frame sows 2.5 grams, repaves the substrate A of 1cm, not expose seed;
(4) sowing is frameed shift to the booth having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management:
During germination, keeping the temperature in booth is 35 DEG C, and humidity is 90%, opens the thin film ventilation 5h at booth two ends every day;
After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows 2-3 sheet leaf, falling disease Seedling, keeping temperature is 30 DEG C, and humidity 80% opens booth two ends thin film, and ventilate every day 8h, controls illumination, every 10 days with pesticide spraying;Examining, as found thrips, mix by the volume ratio of 1:1000 with water with any in 80% orthene cream or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen happy chrysanthemum ester three kinds immediately, week spray is once;
When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, remove sunshade net, open booth two ends thin film to ventilate, every 3 days Shi Shui: carbamide: compound fertilizer: the fertilizer water of potash fertilizer=35000:350:350:1 weight ratio, just start twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, progressively being transitioned into pouring below to execute, and drench first trickle before fertilising is expected, whole seedling raising process keeps substrate to moisten; Wherein said compound fertilizer be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively 15 15 15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer;
Treat that cane seedlings grows to 12-17cm, traditionally carry out heeling in field planting again.
Embodiment 3
A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method, including following operating procedure:
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared: undertaken pulverizing prepared macadimia nut bran by macadimia nut outer peel and mesocarp, substrate A presses macadimia nut bran: peat: Vermiculitum: the volume ratio mix homogeneously of pond sludge=5:1:2:3, substrate B presses boiler ash sediment: the volume ratio mixing of river sand=1:2, sterilization; Wherein, substrate A contains: organic 50g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 350mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 130mg/kg, available potassium 680mg/kg, pH are 6.0; Substrate B contains: rapid available phosphorus 25mg/L, available potassium 250mg/L, replacement calcium 10000mg/L, replacement magnesium 250mg/L, quick-acting copper 4mg/L, quick-acting zinc 65mg/L, quick-acting ferrum 15mg/L, quick-acting boron 25mg/L;
(2) lay matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate B is layered on the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, and thickness is 3cm, repave the thick substrate A of 5cm, keep sowing face intermediate projections, curved;
(3) sowing: uniformly being sowed on sowing face by Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, each sowing frame sows 2.2 grams, repaves the substrate A of 1cm, not expose seed;
(4) sowing is frameed shift to the booth having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management:
During germination, keeping the temperature in booth is 30 DEG C, and humidity is 85%, opens the thin film ventilation 4h at booth two ends every day;
After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows 2-3 sheet leaf, falling disease Seedling, keeping temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity 75% opens booth two ends thin film, and ventilate every day 7h, controls illumination, every 7 days with pesticide spraying; Examining, as found thrips, mix by the volume ratio of 1:1000 with water with any in 80% orthene cream or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen happy chrysanthemum ester three kinds immediately, week spray is once;
When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, remove sunshade net, open booth two ends thin film to ventilate, within every 3 days, execute water: carbamide: compound fertilizer: the fertilizer water of potash fertilizer=25000:300:250:1 weight ratio, just start twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, progressively being transitioned into pouring below to execute, and drench first trickle before fertilising is expected, whole seedling raising process keeps substrate to moisten; Wherein said compound fertilizer be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively 15 15 15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer;
Treat that cane seedlings grows to 12-17cm, traditionally carry out heeling in field planting again.
Embodiment 4
(1) matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings is prepared: undertaken pulverizing prepared macadimia nut bran by macadimia nut outer peel and mesocarp, substrate A presses macadimia nut bran: peat: Vermiculitum: the volume ratio mix homogeneously of pond sludge=6:1:2:3, substrate B presses boiler ash sediment: the volume ratio mixing of river sand=1:1, sterilization;Wherein, substrate A contains: organic 55g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 400mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 120mg/kg, available potassium 650mg/kg, pH are 6.0; Substrate B contains: rapid available phosphorus 20mg/L, available potassium 280mg/L, replacement calcium 9900mg/L, replacement magnesium 220mg/L, quick-acting copper 5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60mg/L, quick-acting ferrum 15mg/L, quick-acting boron 25mg/L;
(2) lay matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate B is layered on the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, and thickness is 2cm, repave the thick substrate A of 5cm, keep sowing face intermediate projections, curved;
(3) sowing: uniformly being sowed on sowing face by Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, each sowing frame sows 2.3 grams, repaves the substrate A of 1cm, not expose seed;
(4) sowing is frameed shift to the booth having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management:
During germination, keeping the temperature in booth is 30 DEG C, and humidity is 75%, opens the thin film ventilation 3h at booth two ends every day;
After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows 2-3 sheet leaf, falling disease Seedling, keeping temperature is 28 DEG C, and humidity 75% opens booth two ends thin film, and ventilate every day 6h, controls illumination, every 8 days with pesticide spraying; Examining, as found thrips, mix by the volume ratio of 1:1000 with water with any in 80% orthene cream or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen happy chrysanthemum ester three kinds immediately, week spray is once;
When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, remove sunshade net, open booth two ends thin film to ventilate, within every 3 days, execute water: carbamide: compound fertilizer: the fertilizer water of potash fertilizer=30000:250:300:1 weight ratio, just start twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, progressively being transitioned into pouring below to execute, and drench first trickle before fertilising is expected, whole seedling raising process keeps substrate to moisten; Wherein said compound fertilizer be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively 15 15 15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer;
Treat that cane seedlings grows to 12-17cm, traditionally carry out heeling in field planting again.
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis germination situation record of present invention nurturing period and survival rate record such as table 1 before heeling in:
Table 1
Remarks: germination percentage (%)=(during cultivation average gram of germinative number of average gram of germinative number/seed of seed) × 100%
Heel in survival rate (%)=[surviving number/(during cultivation average gram of germinative number of seed × sowing number) before heeling in] × 100%
The average germination percentage of Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings seed of the present invention reaches 98.4%, heels in average survival and reaches 99.0%.
Claims (7)
1. a culturing sugarcane seedlings method, it is characterised in that: include following operating procedure:
(1) preparing matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate A is by macadimia nut bran: peat: Vermiculitum: the volume ratio mix homogeneously of pond sludge=4-6:1:1-2:3, substrate B presses boiler ash sediment: the volume ratio mixing of river sand=1:1-2, sterilization;
(2) lay matrix for culturing sugarcane seedlings: substrate B is layered on the sowing frame bottom of long 48cm × wide 37cm × high 12cm, and thickness is 2-3cm, repave the thick substrate A of 4-6cm, keep sowing face intermediate projections, curved;
(3) sowing: uniformly being sowed on sowing face by Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, each sowing frame sows 2-2.5 gram, repaves the substrate A of 1cm, not expose seed;
(4) sowing is frameed shift to the booth having sunshade net and surrounding cover film, carries out seedling management:
During germination, keeping the temperature in booth to be 25-35 DEG C, humidity is 75-90%, opens the thin film ventilation 3-5h at booth two ends every day;
After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows 2-3 sheet leaf, between fall disease Seedling, keep temperature to be 20-30 DEG C, humidity 60-85%, open booth two ends thin film, ventilate every day 6-8h, controls illumination, every 5-10 days with pesticide spraying, examine, as found thrips, mixing by the volume ratio of 1:1000 with water with any in 80% orthene cream or 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 25% oxygen happy chrysanthemum ester three kinds immediately, a week sprays once;
When cane seedlings grows to 6-8cm, remove sunshade net, open booth two ends thin film to ventilate, within every 3 days, execute water: carbamide: compound fertilizer: the fertilizer water of potash fertilizer=20000-35000:200-350:200-350:1 weight ratio, just start twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, progressively being transitioned into pouring below to execute, and drench first trickle before fertilising is expected, whole seedling raising process keeps substrate to moisten;
Treat that cane seedlings grows to 12-17cm, traditionally carry out heeling in field planting again.
2. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described macadimia nut bran is to be undertaken macadimia nut outer peel and mesocarp pulverizing preparing.
3. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described substrate A contains: organic 45-60g/kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200-500mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 100-150mg/kg, available potassium 500-800mg/kg.
4. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pH of described substrate A is 5.8-6.2.
5. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described substrate B contains: rapid available phosphorus 20-30mg/L, available potassium 200-300mg/L, replacement calcium 9000-11000mg/L, replacement magnesium 200-300mg/L, quick-acting copper 4-5mg/L, quick-acting zinc 60-70mg/L, quick-acting ferrum 15-20mg/L, quick-acting boron 20-30mg/L.
6. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described compound fertilizer be nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content respectively 15 15 15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
7. culturing sugarcane seedlings method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described control illumination is give what 30-80% was incremented by gradually natural lighting according to growth time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610017259.6A CN105660099B (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method |
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| CN201610017259.6A CN105660099B (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method |
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| CN105660099A true CN105660099A (en) | 2016-06-15 |
| CN105660099B CN105660099B (en) | 2018-05-15 |
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| CN107466644A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method |
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| CN107950314A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-24 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of breeding method of cane seedlings |
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| CN110651683A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-07 | 柳州市农业科学研究所 | Light simple matrix seedling raising method for sugarcane seedlings |
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| CN113854090A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Seedling raising method for improving perennial root performance of sugarcane |
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