CN110036861A - A kind of breeding method of cane seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of cane seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN110036861A CN110036861A CN201910417357.2A CN201910417357A CN110036861A CN 110036861 A CN110036861 A CN 110036861A CN 201910417357 A CN201910417357 A CN 201910417357A CN 110036861 A CN110036861 A CN 110036861A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of breeding methods of cane seedlings, belong to technical field of crop cultivation.It include: that sugarcane seed broadcasting after being soaked in water, is discarded into unabsorbed water on sowing paper, the seed after making water suction is attached on the sowing paper after water suction, and obtained pre-culture is carried out vernalization processing, obtains cane seedlings；Vernalization processing includes illumination cultivation and dark culture；The temperature of illumination cultivation is 31~33 DEG C；The temperature of dark culture is 29~31 DEG C.Breeding method provided by the invention, after planting emergence is fast, about reaches within 10 days 2 leaf ages in advance than compareing, and emergence rate is high.Percentage of seedgermination of the invention is more than 90%, and the germination percentage than conventional breeding method improves 10% or more.So the cane seedlings emergence that breeding method provided by the invention obtains is fast, emergence rate is high, and it is neat to emerge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to breed of crop technical field more particularly to a kind of breeding methods of cane seedlings.
Background technique
Currently, the breeding of new variety of sugarcane is mainly carried out by traditional conventional hybridization mode, i.e., obtained by artificial hybridization
Hybrid seed is obtained, seedling is cultivated and simultaneously carries out screening system.The cultivation of cane seedlings is the technical work of a fining, institute
The quality and quantity for obtaining seedling directly influences subsequent screening.Requirement of the germination process of sugarcane seed to moisture and temperature
Extremely strictly, too high or too low temperature, moisture, can all seriously affect sprouting and the growth of seedling of seed.Under normal conditions,
Sugarcane artificial hybridization is carried out in annual September to December, and 2 months next years to March can be obtained hybrid seed and carry out seedling training
It educates, day and night temperature is big in this period, be air-dried, evaporation capacity is big.Traditional method for culturing seedlings excessively relies on experience, to environment
Control of temperature and humidity is inaccurate, such as in sowing early stage, daytime high temperature, it is dry when take mode that is spraying, watering to carry out cooling increasing
It is wet, but easily cause rotten kind；When high noon high temperature, film is taken off not in time, the generation of Yi Yinqi seedling lodging disease；Low temperature continuous time mistake
It is long, and easily lead to seed mildew and do not germinate.These the occurrence of, directly influence the quantity and quality of seedling group.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, being mentioned the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of cane seedlings using the present invention
The breeding method emergence of confession is fast, emergence rate is high and germination percentage is high, and it is neat to emerge.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of breeding methods of cane seedlings, comprising the following steps:
1) sugarcane seed broadcasting is soaked in water after 3~5min on sowing paper, unabsorbed water is discarded, after making water suction
Seed be attached at water suction after sowing paper on, obtain pre-culture；
2) pre-culture for obtaining the step 1) carries out vernalization and handles 7~10d, obtains cane seedlings；
Urging the vernalization processing includes illumination cultivation and dark culture；
The intensity of illumination of the illumination cultivation is 11000~13000LX, and the time of the illumination cultivation is 18~20h, institute
The temperature for stating illumination cultivation is 31~33 DEG C；
The time of the dark culture is 4~6h, and the temperature of the dark culture is 29~31 DEG C.
Preferably, the density of broadcasting sowing of step 1) the sugarcane seed is 5~25g/m2。
Preferably, the sowing paper is toilet paper, the sowing paper with a thickness of 1~1.5mm, the number of the sowing paper is
5~7 toilet paper.
Preferably, the step 2) pre-culture carries out vernalization processing after being closed with preservative film.
Preferably, after the step 2) obtains seedling further include: when seedling length to 2 leaf age, by the reality
Raw seedling is placed on mixed-matrix, then is cultivated after spreading fine earth.
Preferably, the mixed-matrix includes laterite mixture and river sand, and the laterite mixture is in river sand lower part.
Preferably, the laterite mixture includes laterite and peat soil, and the mass ratio of the laterite and peat soil is 1.5~
2.5:0.5~1.5, the laterite mixture with a thickness of 4~6cm.
Preferably, the river sand with a thickness of 1~1.5cm.
Preferably, the fine earth with a thickness of 0.1~0.3cm.
Preferably, when the seedling it is long to 6~8cm when carry out strong sprout, the strong sprout includes: to cut to seedling
Leaf cuts 2~3cm of the leaf heart or more.
The present invention provides a kind of breeding methods of cane seedlings, comprising the following steps: 1) by sugarcane seed broadcasting in
It sows on paper, is soaked in water after 3~5min, discards unabsorbed water, the seed after making water suction is attached at the sowing paper after water suction
On, obtain pre-culture；2) pre-culture for obtaining the step 1) carries out vernalization and handles 7~10d, obtains sugarcane and grows directly from seeds
Seedling；The vernalization processing includes illumination cultivation and dark culture；The intensity of illumination of the illumination cultivation is 11000~13000LX, institute
The time for stating illumination cultivation is 18~20h, and the temperature of the illumination cultivation is 31~33 DEG C；The time of the dark culture be 4~
6h, the temperature of the dark culture are 29~31 DEG C., emergence rate height fast using breeding method provided by the invention emergence and germination percentage
Height, and it is neat to emerge.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: breeding method provided by the invention, after planting emergence is fast, about reaches within 10 days in advance than compareing
To 2 leaf ages, and emergence rate is high.Percentage of seedgermination of the invention is more than 90%, and the germination percentage than conventional breeding method improves 10%
More than.So the cane seedlings emergence that breeding method provided by the invention obtains is fast, emergence rate is high, and it is neat to emerge, and promotees
It emerges into sugarcane hybrid seed, improves seedling Population and quality, with good economic efficiency, social benefit and ecology
Benefit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of breeding methods of cane seedlings, comprising the following steps:
1) sugarcane seed broadcasting is soaked in water after 3~5min on sowing paper, unabsorbed water is discarded, after making water suction
Seed be attached at water suction after sowing paper on, obtain pre-culture；
2) pre-culture for obtaining the step 1) carries out vernalization and handles 7~10d, obtains cane seedlings；
The vernalization processing includes illumination cultivation and dark culture；
The intensity of illumination of the illumination cultivation is 11000~13000LX, and the time of the illumination cultivation is 18~20h, institute
The temperature for stating illumination cultivation is 31~33 DEG C；
The time of the dark culture is 4~6h, and the temperature of the dark culture is 29~31 DEG C.
Sugarcane seed broadcasting on sowing paper, is soaked in water after 3~5min, discards unabsorbed water, make to inhale by the present invention
Seed after water is attached on the sowing paper after water suction, obtains pre-culture.
The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the sugarcane seed, is using conventional use of sugarcane hybrid seed
It can.
In the present invention, the density of broadcasting sowing of the sugarcane seed is preferably 5~25g/m2。
In the present invention, the sowing paper is preferably toilet paper, and the thickness of the sowing paper is preferably 1~1.5mm, described to broadcast
The number of kind paper is preferably 5~7 toilet paper.In the present invention, the thickness of the toilet paper and toilet paper is suitable for that cane seedlings are taken root.
In the present invention, the toilet paper is preferably commercial goods.
Sowing paper is preferably put in metal tray by the present invention, then broadcasts sowing sugarcane seed on sowing paper.In the present invention,
The length, width and height of the metal tray are respectively preferably 43cm × 33cm × 3cm.In the present invention, the length and width and gold of the sowing paper
The length and width for belonging to pallet are consistent.
The present invention is preferably impregnated with pure water, after immersion, discards unabsorbed water, concrete operations are preferred are as follows: slowly pour out
Extra pure water does not drip under plumbness to metal tray.In the present invention, the immersion can be such that sugarcane seed fills
Divide and absorbs water and sow paper and can be impregnated with completely.
Present invention preferably employs the sugarcane seed after flicking water suction, the sugarcane seed after enabling water suction is adsorbed in completely
On sowing paper after water.The present invention carries out vernalization after preferably sealing the metal tray equipped with pre-culture completely using preservative film
Processing.It is sealed completely with preservative film and provides the ambient humidity of germination for sugarcane seed.In the present invention, the hair of the sugarcane seed
The ambient humidity and germination temperature of bud make that the seedling rate for obtaining sugarcane seed is fast, emergence rate is high and germination percentage is high, and it is neat to emerge.
Obtained pre-culture is carried out vernalization and handles 7~10d by the present invention, obtains cane seedlings；The vernalization processing
Including illumination cultivation and dark culture；The intensity of illumination of the illumination cultivation be 11000~13000LX, the illumination cultivation when
Between be 18~20h, the temperature of the illumination cultivation is 31~33 DEG C；The time of the dark culture is 4~6h, the dark culture
Temperature is 29~31 DEG C.
The sowing paper of water suction is preferably tightly attached to mixed-matrix surface by the present invention, is conducive to the root system of the sugarcane seed of water suction
Moisture and nutrition are absorbed, guarantees cane seedlings healthy growth.
The pre-culture is preferably put into progress vernalization processing in intelligent illumination box by the present invention.
In the present invention, the vernalization processing includes illumination cultivation and dark culture；The intensity of illumination of the illumination cultivation is
11000~13000LX, preferably 12000LX；The time of the illumination cultivation is 18~20h, and the temperature of the illumination cultivation is
31~33 DEG C, preferably 32 DEG C；The time of the dark culture is 4~6h, and the temperature of the dark culture is 29~31 DEG C, preferably
30℃。
The present invention every 3d preferably in vernalization treatment process sprays carbendazim 1 time, is formed with preventing germ from breeding to seedling
Harm infringement has the function that sterilization, and the present invention is not particularly limited the method for the spray carbendazim, using routine.
The present invention further preferably includes: to be placed in the seedling when seedling length to 2 leaf age after obtaining seedling
It is cultivated on mixed-matrix, then after spreading fine earth.
The present invention cultivates again after preferably extracing the preservative film of sealing.
In the present invention, the mixed-matrix preferably includes laterite mixture and river sand, and the laterite mixture is in river sand
Lower part.
In the present invention, the laterite mixture preferably includes laterite and peat soil, the quality of the laterite and peat soil
Than being preferably 1.5~2.5:0.5~1.5, more preferably 2:1；The thickness of the laterite mixture is preferably 4~6cm, more preferably
For 5cm.In the present invention, the peat soil has water retention.
In the present invention, the thickness of the river sand is preferably 1~1.5cm.
In the present invention, the thickness of the fine earth is preferably 0.1~0.3cm.In the present invention, the fine earth is preferably deep
Soil, the deep soil are generally referred to as not being a farmer on mountain, do not apply fertilizer and expect and in the soil of underground 40cm.
In the present invention, the mixed-matrix and fine sand mixture can provide sufficient support for the growth of cane seedlings
Point, growing cane seedlings, rapid, seedling stem thickness is strong.
The present invention preferably during the cultivation process, in daily 7:30 between 18:00, is sprayed 3min every 2h, when described
When seedling grows 3~5 leaves, 1 liquid nutritional is sprayed every 3~4d, is sprayed carbendazim 1~2 time weekly.
In the present invention, the liquid nutrient solution is preferably urea liquid and dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution, the urea liquid
Preparation method preferably include: when seedling is in 3~5 leaves, 3g urea is dissolved in 15L water, urea liquid is obtained, with
Gradually increasing for leaf age, the amount of urea is gradually pressed every 3g amount and is increased, until being gradually added to for 20g urea being dissolved in 15L water, with
After be always maintained at this solubility.The preparation method of dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution preferably includes: when seedling is in 3~5 leaves
When, 3g potassium dihydrogen sulfate is dissolved in 15L water, dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution is obtained, with gradually increasing for leaf age, potassium dihydrogen sulfate
Gradually increased by every 3g amount, until being gradually added to for 20g potassium dihydrogen sulfate being dissolved in 15L water, it is molten to be always maintained at this later
Degree.
The present invention is not particularly limited the amount of spraying of the urea liquid and dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution, does not flood after spraying
Seedling.
The present invention preferably keeps mixed-matrix to be sufficiently humidified so as to not flood seedling during the cultivation process.The present invention is preferably in incubation
In to seedling carry out defending insect and killing.
In the present invention, when the seedling it is long to 6~8cm when preferably carry out strong sprout, the strong sprout preferably includes: to reality
Raw seedling carries out leaf-cutting, cuts 2~3cm of the leaf heart or more.The present invention is not particularly limited the mode of the leaf-cutting, using this field
The conventional mode to cane seedlings leaf-cutting.In the present invention, the leaf-cutting can promote sugar-cane tree-seedling strong seedling strengthening root.
In the present invention, when the seedling is preferably grown to 15~20cm, big Tanaka can be transplanted to.
Technical solution provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but they cannot be understood
For limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of quickly breeding cane seedlings method:
1. the preparation of metal tray and sowing paper select: formulating length and width high standard with stainless steel metal is 43cm*33cm*
The metal tray of 3cm will sow paper (5 toilet paper stack), and thickness about 1mm is put into metal tray；
2. the preparation of nursery box and seedling medium: Seeding box be wooden incubator, Seeding box bottom be sterilizing laterite with
The aggregate sample (mass ratio 2:1) of matrix, laying depth 5cm.Upper layer is river sand, laying depth 1cm；
3. seedling metal tray is sowed: according to 200 plants/case of nursery, about every square metre sowing 5~18g is uniform by seed
Be dispersed on sowing paper, pure water be then added and impregnates 3min, sufficiently absorb water and sow after paper is impregnated with completely after seed, it is slow
Extra pure water makes it be attached to sowing paper completely until metal tray is not dripped under plumbness with hand flicking seed out
On, metal tray is sealed with preservative film completely then, reaches moistening effect；
4. intelligent illumination box vernalization: metal tray being put into constant incubator, condition setting are as follows: bright phase, illumination
Intensity 12000LX, 32 DEG C, 20h；The dark phase, vernalization about 7 days, periodically every 3 days spray carbendazim 1 time, prevents germ by 30 DEG C, 4h
It breeds and harm infringement is formed to seedling reaches bactericidal effect, sprouted to seed, when growth of seedling to 2 leaf age, move into Seeding box；
5. moving into Seeding box: after seed sprouting integrally reaches 2 leaf age, metal tray being taken from intelligent illumination box
Out, preservative film is opened, sowing paper is slowly held with hand and is laid in the wooden incubator containing mixed-matrix together together with seedling,
So that sowing paper is fitted closely mixed-matrix, sprinkles the fine earth by sterilization treatment of one layer of 0.2cm thickness, then sprayed with water；
6. seedling management: daily 7:30 to 18:00, it is 3 minutes spraying every two hours, 5 are grown to sugarcane seed
Leaf sprays carbendazim 2 times a week, entire seedling raising process keeps seedling medium to be sufficiently humidified so as to every 3 days Shi Yici liquid nutritionals
Do not flood seedling；It examines, timely defending insect and killing；Liquid nutrient solution be urea liquid and dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution, urea liquid
Preparation method includes: 3g urea to be dissolved in 15L water, obtains urea liquid, with leaf age when seedling is in 3~5 leaves
Gradually increase, the amount of urea is gradually pressed every 3g amount and is increased, until being gradually added to for 20g urea being dissolved in 15L water, always later
Keep this solubility.The preparation method of dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution includes: when seedling is in 3~5 leaves, by 3g sulfuric acid
Potassium dihydrogen is dissolved in 15L water, obtains dihydrogen sulfate potassium solution, and with gradually increasing for leaf age, potassium dihydrogen sulfate presses every 3g amount
It gradually increases, until being gradually added to for 20g potassium dihydrogen sulfate being dissolved in 15L water, is always maintained at this solubility later；
7. strong sprout: 8cm, which is grown to, to seedling starts leaf-cutting, cutting the above 2cm of the leaf heart is advisable, and average leaf-cutting in 10 days is primary,
Winter sugarcane production can slowly reduce leaf-cutting number, and appropriate leaf-cutting can promote plant strong sprout strengthening root.It is warm, fine in temperature
Morning by platform truck as rail moves on to outside, the sun sends platform truck back to greenhouse before setting, prevents the too low jelly of evening temperature
Hurt seedling, reaches strong sprout effect；
8. transplanting: when seedling grows to 15cm, can be transplanted to inside crop field.
Embodiment 2
1. the preparation of metal tray and sowing paper select: formulating length and width high standard with stainless steel metal is 43cm*33cm*
The metal tray of 3cm will sow paper (7 toilet paper stack), and thickness 1.5mm is put into metal tray；
2. the preparation of nursery box and seedling medium: Seeding box be wooden incubator, Seeding box bottom be sterilizing laterite with
The aggregate sample (mass ratio 2:1) of matrix, laying depth 7cm.Upper layer is river sand, laying depth 1.5cm；
3. seedling metal tray is sowed: according to 300 plants/case of nursery, about every square metre sowing 7~25g is uniform by seed
Be dispersed on sowing paper, pure water be then added and impregnates 5min, sufficiently absorb water and sow after paper is impregnated with completely after seed, it is slow
Extra pure water makes it be attached to sowing paper completely until metal tray is not dripped under plumbness with hand flicking seed out
On, metal tray is sealed with preservative film completely then, reaches moistening effect；
4. intelligent illumination box vernalization: metal tray being put into constant incubator, condition setting are as follows: bright phase, illumination
Intensity 12000LX, 32 DEG C, 18h；The dark phase, vernalization about 9 days, periodically every 3 days spray carbendazim 1 time, prevents germ by 30 DEG C, 6h
It breeds and harm infringement is formed to seedling reaches bactericidal effect, sprouted to seed, when growth of seedling to 2 leaf age, move into Seeding box；
5. moving into Seeding box: after seed sprouting integrally reaches 2 leaf age, metal tray being taken from intelligent illumination box
Out, preservative film is opened, sowing paper is slowly held with hand and is laid in the wooden incubator containing mixed-matrix together together with seedling,
So that sowing paper is fitted closely mixing, sprinkles the fine earth by sterilization treatment of one layer of 0.3cm thickness, then sprayed with water；
6. seedling management: daily 7:30 to 18:00, it is 3 minutes spraying every two hours, 4 are grown to sugarcane seed
Leaf sprays carbendazim 1 times a week, entire seedling raising process keeps seedling medium to be sufficiently humidified so as to every 3 days Shi Yici liquid nutritionals
Do not flood seedling；It examines, timely defending insect and killing；Liquid nutritional water is the same as embodiment 1；
7. strong sprout: 7cm, which is grown to, to seedling starts leaf-cutting, cutting the above 3cm of the leaf heart is advisable, and average leaf-cutting in 10 days is primary,
Winter sugarcane production can slowly reduce leaf-cutting number, and appropriate leaf-cutting can promote plant strong sprout strengthening root.It is warm, fine in temperature
Morning by platform truck as rail moves on to outside, the sun sends platform truck back to greenhouse before setting, prevents the too low jelly of evening temperature
Hurt seedling, reaches strong sprout effect；
8. transplanting: when seedling grows to 20cm, can be transplanted to inside crop field.
Embodiment 3
1. the preparation of metal tray and sowing paper select: formulating length and width high standard with stainless steel metal is 43cm*33cm*
The metal tray of 3cm will sow paper (6 toilet paper stack), and thickness 1.2mm is put into metal tray；
2. the preparation of nursery box and seedling medium: Seeding box be wooden incubator, Seeding box bottom be sterilizing laterite with
The aggregate sample (mass ratio 2:1) of matrix, laying depth 6cm.Upper layer is river sand, laying depth 1.2cm；
3. seedling metal tray is sowed: according to 250 plants/case of nursery, about every square metre sowing 6~22g is uniform by seed
Be dispersed on sowing paper, pure water be then added and impregnates 4min, sufficiently absorb water and sow after paper is impregnated with completely after seed, it is slow
Extra pure water makes it be attached to sowing paper completely until metal tray is not dripped under plumbness with hand flicking seed out
On, metal tray is sealed with preservative film completely then, reaches moistening effect；
4. intelligent illumination box vernalization: metal tray being put into constant incubator, condition setting are as follows: bright phase, illumination
Intensity 12000LX, 32 DEG C, 19h；The dark phase, vernalization about 8 days, periodically every 3 days spray carbendazim 1 time, prevents germ by 30 DEG C, 5h
It breeds and harm infringement is formed to seedling reaches bactericidal effect, sprouted to seed, when growth of seedling to 2 leaf age, move into Seeding box；
5. moving into Seeding box: after seed sprouting integrally reaches 2 leaf age, metal tray being taken from intelligent illumination box
Out, preservative film is opened, sowing paper is slowly held with hand and is laid in the wooden incubator containing mixed-matrix together together with seedling,
So that sowing paper is fitted closely mixing, sprinkles the fine earth by sterilization treatment of one layer of 0.3cm thickness, then sprayed with water；
6. seedling management: daily 7:30 to 18:00, it is 3 minutes spraying every two hours, 3 are grown to sugarcane seed
Leaf sprays carbendazim 2 times a week, entire seedling raising process keeps seedling medium to be sufficiently humidified so as to every 3 days Shi Yici liquid nutritionals
Do not flood seedling；It examines, timely defending insect and killing；Liquid nutritional water is the same as embodiment 1；
7. strong sprout: 8cm, which is grown to, to seedling starts leaf-cutting, cutting the above 3cm of the leaf heart is advisable, and average leaf-cutting in 10 days is primary,
Winter sugarcane production can slowly reduce leaf-cutting number, and appropriate leaf-cutting can promote plant strong sprout strengthening root.It is warm, fine in temperature
Morning by platform truck as rail moves on to outside, the sun sends platform truck back to greenhouse before setting, prevents the too low jelly of evening temperature
Hurt seedling, reaches strong sprout effect；
8. transplanting: when seedling grows to 18cm, can be transplanted to inside crop field.
Embodiment 4
On January 10th, 2019 carries out, and number of days needed for statistics seed sprouts 2 leaf ages investigates percentage of seedgermination, as a result such as following table
Shown in 1 and 2.Specific step is as follows:
1. the preparation of metal tray and sowing paper select: formulating length and width high standard with stainless steel metal is 43cm*33cm*
The metal tray of 3cm will sow paper (7 toilet paper stack), and thickness 1.5mm is put into metal tray；
2. the preparation of nursery box and seedling medium: Seeding box be wooden incubator, Seeding box bottom be sterilizing laterite with
The aggregate sample (mass ratio 2:1) of matrix, laying depth 7cm.Upper layer is river sand, laying depth 1.5cm；
3. seedling metal tray is sowed: according to 300 plants/case of nursery, about every square metre sowing 7~25g is uniform by seed
Be dispersed on sowing paper, pure water be then added and impregnates 5min, sufficiently absorb water and sow after paper is impregnated with completely after seed, it is slow
Extra pure water makes it be attached to sowing paper completely until metal tray is not dripped under plumbness with hand flicking seed out
On, metal tray is sealed with preservative film completely then, reaches moistening effect；
4. intelligent illumination box vernalization: metal tray being put into constant incubator, condition setting are as follows: bright phase, illumination
Intensity 12000LX, 32 DEG C, 18h；The dark phase, vernalization about 9 days, periodically every 3 days spray carbendazim 1 time, prevents germ by 30 DEG C, 6h
It breeds and harm infringement is formed to seedling reaches bactericidal effect, sprouted to seed, when growth of seedling to 2 leaf age, move into Seeding box；
5. moving into Seeding box: after seed sprouting integrally reaches 2 leaf age, metal tray being taken from intelligent illumination box
Out, preservative film is opened, sowing paper is slowly held with hand and is laid in the wooden incubator containing mixed-matrix together together with seedling,
So that sowing paper is fitted closely mixing, sprinkles the fine earth by sterilization treatment of one layer of 0.3cm thickness, then sprayed with water；
6. seedling management: daily 7:30 to 18:00, it is 3 minutes spraying every two hours, 4 are grown to sugarcane seed
Leaf sprays carbendazim 1 times a week, entire seedling raising process keeps seedling medium to be sufficiently humidified so as to every 3 days Shi Yici liquid nutritionals
Do not flood seedling；It examines, timely defending insect and killing；Liquid nutritional water is the same as embodiment 1；
7. strong sprout: 7cm, which is grown to, to seedling starts leaf-cutting, cutting the above 3cm of the leaf heart is advisable, and average leaf-cutting in 10 days is primary,
Winter sugarcane production can slowly reduce leaf-cutting number, and appropriate leaf-cutting can promote plant strong sprout strengthening root.It is warm, fine in temperature
Morning by platform truck as rail moves on to outside, the sun sends platform truck back to greenhouse before setting, prevents the too low jelly of evening temperature
Hurt seedling, reaches strong sprout effect；
8. transplanting: when seedling grows to 20cm, can be transplanted to inside crop field.
Comparative example 1
On January 10th, 2019 carries out, and number of days needed for statistics seed sprouts 2 leaf ages investigates percentage of seedgermination, as a result such as following table
Shown in 1 and 2.Specific step is as follows:
1. the preparation of nursery box and seedling medium: Seeding box be wooden incubator, Seeding box bottom be sterilizing laterite with
The aggregate sample (mass ratio 2:1) of matrix, laying depth 7cm.Upper layer is river sand, laying depth 1.5cm；
2. sowing: it is sowed above nursery box and seedling medium, according to 300 plants/case of nursery, about every square metre sowing 7~
25g after planting sprinkles one layer of 0.1-0.3cm laterite, is advisable so that seed is completely covered, and watering covers plastic foil, when growing to 2 leaves
Plastic film is removed when age, the time required to counting on 2 leaf ages；
3. seedling management and strong sprout and embodiment 4 are consistent.
Number of days needed for 1 sugarcane seed germination of table, 2 leaf age
| Combination | Experimental group-seedling-growing time (day) | Control group-seedling-growing time (day) |
| CP94-1100* cloud sugarcane 14-362 | 8 | 17 |
| CP34-120* cloud sugarcane 15-203 | 8 | 18 |
| FR97-41* cloud sugarcane 05-51 | 7.5 | 16.5 |
| Osmanthus sugar 02-467* cloud sugarcane 12-251 | 7.5 | 19 |
2 sugarcane percentage of seedgermination statistical form of table
Remarks: the hybridization that CP34-120* cloud sugarcane 15-203 is shown to be CP34-120 kind and cloud sugarcane 15-203 kind obtains
Seed, other form of presentation are identical.
It is calculated by upper meter it is found that breeding method provided by the invention, after planting emergence fastly, about reach for 10 days in advance than compareing
To 2 leaf ages, and emergence rate is high.Percentage of seedgermination of the invention is more than 90%, and the germination percentage than conventional breeding method improves 10%
More than.So the cane seedlings emergence that breeding method provided by the invention obtains is fast, emergence rate is high, and it is neat to emerge, and promotees
It emerges into sugarcane hybrid seed, improves seedling Population and quality, with good economic efficiency, social benefit and ecology
Benefit.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of breeding method of cane seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
1) sugarcane seed broadcasting is soaked in water after 3~5min on sowing paper, discards unabsorbed water, the kind after making water suction
Son is attached on the sowing paper after water suction, obtains pre-culture；
2) pre-culture for obtaining the step 1) carries out vernalization and handles 7~10d, obtains cane seedlings；
The vernalization processing includes illumination cultivation and dark culture；
The intensity of illumination of the illumination cultivation is 11000~13000LX, and the time of the illumination cultivation is 18~20h, the light
Temperature according to culture is 31~33 DEG C；
The time of the dark culture is 4~6h, and the temperature of the dark culture is 29~31 DEG C.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the density of broadcasting sowing of step 1) the sugarcane seed is 5
~25g/m2。
3. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sowing paper is toilet paper, the thickness of the sowing paper
Degree is 1~1.5mm, and the number of the sowing paper is 5~7 toilet paper.
4. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step 2) pre-culture is closed with preservative film
Carry out vernalization processing.
5. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step 2) obtains seedling further include: when
When the seedling length to 2 leaf age, the seedling is placed on mixed-matrix, then is cultivated after spreading fine earth.
6. breeding method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the mixed-matrix includes laterite mixture and river
Sand, the laterite mixture is in river sand lower part.
7. breeding method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the laterite mixture includes laterite and peat soil,
The mass ratio of the laterite and peat soil be 1.5~2.5:0.5~1.5, the laterite mixture with a thickness of 4~6cm.
8. breeding method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the river sand with a thickness of 1~1.5cm.
9. breeding method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the fine earth with a thickness of 0.1~0.3cm.
10. breeding method according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that when the seedling it is long to 6~8cm when carry out
Strong sprout, the strong sprout include: to carry out leaf-cutting to seedling, cut 2~3cm of the leaf heart or more.
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