CN110150095A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium and preparation method thereof and selenium-rich taro - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium and preparation method thereof and selenium-rich taro Download PDFInfo
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- CN110150095A CN110150095A CN201910578076.5A CN201910578076A CN110150095A CN 110150095 A CN110150095 A CN 110150095A CN 201910578076 A CN201910578076 A CN 201910578076A CN 110150095 A CN110150095 A CN 110150095A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, in particular to the taro seedling-growing method of a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium and preparation method thereof and selenium-rich taro.In terms of parts by volume, which includes the following raw material: 65~75 parts of Pleurotus eryngii slag, 24~28 parts of loam, 0.8~1.2 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.6~1.0 part of lime, 1~3 part of biological organic fertilizer, 0.1~0.3 part of nanometer selenium.The matrix and taro method for culturing seedlings high-efficiency environment friendly, it is easy to operate, by concentrating nursery, improve multiple crop index; ganoid konjaku taro is saved, planting cost is reduced, alleviates variety deterioration, while reducing the waste of liquid manure; the pest and disease damage for mitigating seedling stage, is effectively facilitated taro tiller strong sprout, meets large-scale production demand.It has carried out that taro selenium is biological reinforced with nanometer selenium, has not only increased the utilization rate of selenium, in turn avoid the toxic action of selenium, established good basis for selenium-rich taro fine quality production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, in particular to a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium and preparation method thereof and
The method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich taro.
Background technique
Selenium is one of growth and development of plants and animals essential trace element, and selenium deficiency can cause the diseases such as cancer, anaemia, vascular diseases
Disease.Therefore, selenium is known as " Promethean fire " and " king of anticancer ".2/3rds regional selenium deficiency in the world, Chinese 70% counties and cities
Different degrees of selenium deficiency.Plant is the important carrier of nature selenium circulation, and inorganic selenium changes through plant absorption, assimilation in soil
For organic selenium, it is transformed into the substances such as selenium enzyme, selenoprotein, selenocysteine after absorption of human body, participates in human body metabolic pathway.Make
Biological reinforced object selenium is the effective way for solving selenium deficiency, is the common strategy of selenium-supply by the biological reinforced increase crop Se content of selenium
One of.
Taro is the important local characteristic agricultural product in the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, although taro planting scale is not as good as large work
Object, but go deep into various regions agricultural supply side structural reform, higher and higher to Ways of Special Agricultural Products attention degree, taro makees
Increasingly favored by people for nutritional health food, Jiangsu Province taro cultivated area steady growth in recent years.Taro scale
Normalization trend is presented in plantation, this proposes requirements at the higher level for taro large-scale production technology, is different from traditional taro and broadcasts
Kind mode, seedling transplanting technique endanger and improve multiple cropping because having adjusting implantation time node, saving kind, resisting poor environment
The advantages such as index and have attracted much attention.Reproduction speed can both be accelerated using seedling transplanting technique production taro seedling, expand nursery base
Number reduces production cost, improves ganoid konjaku taro utilization rate and kind shoot survival percent, and economic benefit can be improved, and is to speed up and promotes taro rule
One of the effective way of modelling production.
Taro nursery at present does not have specific seedling medium, generally gathers materials on the spot, with untreated garden mould and straw straw
Stalk is in the majority, and seedbed is easy to harden, nutrient is insufficient.And a large amount of pathogens are carried in untreated garden mould, increase the several of disease pest infection
Rate, not only seedling raise period is long, and nursery effect is bad.Existing common matrix is mainly used for garden crop or vegetable crop, for
Property is not strong.Existing selenium-rich seedling medium, soil account for relatively high, and there is also seedbed is hardened and the risk of seedling stage infection；Meanwhile it is existing
Selenium-rich ganoid konjaku taro production technology needs to be repeated several times selenium reinforcing, is not suitable for scale breeding, and selenium-rich ganoid konjaku taro is saved and sought in the process
Feeding element is easy to run off, and influences the efficient utilization of selenium, and increase the risk of virus infection；In addition, existing matrix selenium-supply approach is main
Based on inorganic selenium salt, although reducing the bio-toxicity of inorganic selenium salt with the different phase gradation addition manner that ferments, improve organic
The conversion ratio of selenium salt, but bioactivity and fertilizer efficiency duration upper effect are poor, and safety is low.
Currently, the matrix research for the nursery of selenium-rich taro is less, the patent of Publication No. CN106922341A is disclosed
A kind of production method of the disease-resistant selenium-rich ganoid konjaku taro of insect prevention, the process employs the skills being before planting immersed in ganoid konjaku taro in selenium-rich solution
Art scheme is impregnated 1~3 hour every time, is repeated to impregnate 5~10 times, is then carried out vernalization, transplanting.But this method complex steps, and
Selenium-rich effect is general.The patent of Publication No. CN106007829A disclose a kind of selenium-rich Dual Mushroom mushroom cultivation organic selenium matrix and
Preparation method, the patent of Publication No. CN104892279A disclose a kind of vegetables selenium-rich matrix Publication No.
The patent of CN108812270A discloses a kind of implantation methods for organic potting Leaf lettuce that decomposed mushroom slag is cultivation matrix.But
These methods are not used in terms of taro nursery；And existing matrix selenium-supply approach is mainly based on inorganic selenium salt, not enough
It is safe and efficient.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling mediums and preparation method thereof and selenium-rich taro
Method for culturing seedlings.The matrix and taro method for culturing seedlings, high-efficiency environment friendly is easy to operate, by concentration nursery, improves multiple crop index,
Ganoid konjaku taro is saved, planting cost is reduced, alleviates variety deterioration, while reducing the waste of liquid manure, mitigates the pest and disease damage in seedling stage, effectively
Promote taro tiller strong sprout, meets large-scale production demand.It is biological reinforced that taro selenium has been carried out with nanometer selenium (slow-release fertilizer), not only
The utilization rate for increasing selenium in turn avoids the toxic action of selenium, has established good basis for selenium-rich taro fine quality production.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling mediums, in terms of parts by volume, the taro selenium-rich organic nursery base
Matter includes the following raw material: 65~75 parts of Pleurotus eryngii slag, 24~28 parts of loam, and 0.8~1.2 part of calcium superphosphate, lime 0.6~1.0
Part, 1~3 part of biological organic fertilizer, 0.1~0.3 part of nanometer selenium.
The principle of the present invention is embodied in following three aspect:
(1) determination of high-quality matrix formulations.Taro nursery selenium-rich matrix formulations need to have following characteristic:
First is that matrix is for the tiller rule of taro and seedling stage regulation of fertilizer requirement development, the tiller for being able to satisfy taro needs and seedling
The needs of phase normal growth and development；
Second is that matrix contains a large amount of selenium so that taro is absorbed and utilized；
Third is that selenium in matrix will not growth to taro and quality generate and poison or adverse effect.
(2) utilization of nanometer selenium.Nanometer selenium has very strong bioactivity, while having very high safety again, with nothing
The quick-acting fertilizers such as machine selenium are compared, and nanometer selenium has the characteristics such as sustained release, low toxicity, efficient.Taro is carried out using the matrix containing nanometer selenium
Nursery reduces the toxic action of selenium, effectively increases the content of selenium in taro seedling.
(3) substrate seedling is used.First is that substituting garden mould in matrix with a large amount of Pleurotus eryngii slag, the porosity of matrix is increased
And nutrient content, the soil texture of matrix is improved, matrix fertility is improved；Second is that adding biological organic fertilizer in matrix, effectively
Soil is improved, matrix organic matter is increased, enhances taro disease resistance, improves taro quality；Third is that substrate seedling reduces the later period
Break the operation difficulty of transplantation of seedlings.Ganoid konjaku taro carries pathogen, and breaking transplantation of seedlings can be effectively reduced the disease incidence of taro seedling stage diseases and pests,
Guarantee the high yield and high quality of taro.
(4) taro seedling organic production.Fertility of the invention is mainly derived from Pleurotus eryngii slag and biological organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer
Zero addition, realizes the organic production of taro seedling, the value of environmental protection with higher.On the one hand mushroom slag waste is alleviated to ring
The pollution in border has more the feature of environmental protection；On the other hand, the use for reducing chemical fertilizer has product to the protection and improvement of agroecological environment
The effect of pole.
The present invention utilizes Pleurotus eryngii slag production selenium-rich matrix for taro nursery, has widened the biological reinforced crop field of selenium,
Meet the technical requirements of taro large-scale planting, is also the effective way for promoting taro quality and increasing planting benefit.
Preferably, in terms of parts by volume, including the following raw material: 70 parts of Pleurotus eryngii slag, 26 parts of loam, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, stone
0.8 part, 2 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 0.2 part of nanometer selenium of ash.
Preferably, 0.16~0.20g/cm of bulk density of Pleurotus eryngii slag3, porosity 70%~80%, 18~20g/ of N content
Kg, P content 0.3~0.5g/kg, K 0.4~0.6g/kg of content, 430~450g/kg of the content of organic matter.
Preferably, the bulk density 0.18g/cm of Pleurotus eryngii slag3, porosity 75.9%, N content 18.9g/kg, P content 0.42g/
Kg, K content 0.54g/kg, content of organic matter 443g/kg.
Preferably, 0.8~1.0g/cm of bulk density of loam3, porosity 50%~60%, 1~2g/kg of N content, P content
0.3~0.4mg/kg of 0.5~1.0g/kg, K content 8~10g/kg, Ca content 10~15mg/kg, Se content.
Preferably, the bulk density 0.87g/cm of loam3, porosity 55.7%, N content 1.5g/kg, P content 0.76g/kg, K
Content 9.31g/kg, Ca content 13.04mg/kg, Se content 0.36mg/kg.
Preferably, 10~12g/kg of N content of biological organic fertilizer, P content 30~50g/kg, K 10~15g/kg of content,
Ca 10~15g/kg of content, (cfu) >=0.5 hundred million, effective active bacterium >=200,000,000/g, the content of organic matter >=250g/kg.
Preferably, the N content 10.6g/kg of biological organic fertilizer, P content 39.9g/kg, K content 13.2g/kg, Ca content
12.2g/kg, (cfu) >=0.5 hundred million, effective active bacterium >=200,000,000/g, the content of organic matter >=250g/kg.
Preferably, the Se content of nanometer selenium is 1~5mg/g.
Preferably, the Se content of nanometer selenium is 3mg/g.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium, comprising: by Pleurotus eryngii slag, loam,
Calcium superphosphate, lime, biological organic fertilizer, nanometer selenium mixing, it is decomposed.
Preferably, the preparation method specifically:
(1) Pleurotus eryngii Slag treatment: Pleurotus eryngii slag being smashed, is dried, water is added, and the moisture content control of Pleurotus eryngii slag is existed
60%~70%；
(2) it dilutes strain: culture materials of edible fungi fermentation assistant is added into rice bran by the mass ratio of 1:5, be uniformly mixed, obtain
Strain after dilution；
(3) ingredient is inoculated with: by bacterium after Pleurotus eryngii slag, loam, calcium superphosphate, lime, biological organic fertilizer, nanometer selenium, dilution
Kind is uniformly mixed；
(4) composting: by uniformly mixed ingredient composting, punching, and gas permeability covering is covered, fermented；
(5) turning: fermentation process 5~7 days, when temperature rises to 60~70 DEG C in substrate fermentation heap, turning is carried out, then again
Heap is built to ferment 5~8 days；
(6) damping: while turning, 0.4% lime water is added；
(7) fermentation is completed: spreading substrate fermentation heap out after fermentation, cooling is dried.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich taro, include the following steps:
(1) ganoid konjaku taro selects: selecting single weight in the sub- taro of the smooth disease-free spot of stalwartness of 30~50g as ganoid konjaku taro, seed selection
Ganoid konjaku taro is dried 2 days afterwards, removes the scale hair on taro；
(2) ganoid konjaku taro is handled:
5 are impregnated up to 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension with 25% Amici~after ten minutes, it dries spare；
Alternatively, being uniformly sprayed in ganoid konjaku taro with 25% Amici up to 1000 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension, therebetween
It turns ganoid konjaku taro 2~3 times, dries spare；
(3) seedbed preparation: wide 1 meter, long 15~20 meters of seedbed is made in sufficient, the dry field of selection sunshine, dig 5~
The hole of 8cm depth is spread taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium, is irrigated with water, it is smooth after to nursery；
(4) the ganoid konjaku taro bud eye handled well in step (2) neatly nursery: is placed in step (3) ready seedbed upward
On, the taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium of 3~5cm thickness is covered in ganoid konjaku taro, drowning ganoid konjaku taro covers film, then gives seedling within every 2 days
Bed fills horse race water；
(5) it transplants: it is long to 10cm or more to seedling, ganoid konjaku taro is taken out, seedling is broken down from ganoid konjaku taro, is transplanted to crop field.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich taro, include the following steps:
(1) ganoid konjaku taro selects: selecting single weight in the sub- taro of the smooth disease-free spot of stalwartness of 30~50g as ganoid konjaku taro, seed selection
Ganoid konjaku taro is dried 2 days afterwards, removes the scale hair on taro；
(2) taro block is handled: ganoid konjaku taro being cut into the ganoid konjaku taro block with bud eye, each ganoid konjaku taro block has 1~2 bud eye, uses
After 25% Amici is impregnated 2~3 minutes up to 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension, dry spare；
(3) Miao Mo prepares: selecting the hole tray in 50 holes or 72 holes, taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium is packed into hole tray, use
Water irrigates, it is smooth after to nursery；
(4) nursery: by the ganoid konjaku taro block bud eye handled well in step (2) upward implantation step (3) ready Miao Mo, seedling
Mould surface covers taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium, and drowning bud eye is placed in greenhouse or greenhouse, then gives Miao Mo within every 1~2 day
Watering；
(5) it transplants: it is long to 10cm or more to seedling, ganoid konjaku taro block is taken out, seedling is broken down from ganoid konjaku taro, plants and arrives crop field.
The present invention provides the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium and preparation method thereof and selenium-rich taro.
In terms of parts by volume, which includes the following raw material: 65~75 parts of Pleurotus eryngii slag, 24~28 parts of loam,
0.8~1.2 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.6~1.0 part of lime, 1~3 part of biological organic fertilizer, 0.1~0.3 part of nanometer selenium.Present invention tool
It has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is efficient for the biological reinforced low toxicity of taro selenium.
Nanometer selenium has bioactivity more stronger than inorganic selenium salt, more long fertilizer efficiency and higher safety, using receiving
Rice selenium production matrix carries out nursery, reduces the toxic side effect of inorganic selenium salt, and more more efficient than inorganic selenium salt.
2, operation of the present invention is easy, is convenient for large-scale production.
Easy to operate using matrix application method provided by the invention, management is simple, convenient for the breeding taro of rapid, high volume
Seedling can satisfy the demand of large-scale production.
3, the present invention promotes tiller, has more the feature of environmental protection.
Major ingredient of the invention is Pleurotus eryngii slag, since the porosity of Pleurotus eryngii slag is higher, gas permeability, permeability and Su Songxing
All preferably, and nutrition rich in Pleurotus eryngii slag, one aspect of the present invention improve soil texture, improve soil fertility,
Be conducive to taro tiller；On the other hand pollution of the mushroom slag waste to environment is alleviated, has more the feature of environmental protection.In addition, of the invention
In also added " middle conjunction board " biological organic fertilizer, which is broad spectrum activity bio-feritlizer, rich in functions such as fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, Potassium releases
Effective active bacterium can effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, improve fertilizer efficiency, reduce the use of nitrogenous fertilizer.It is disease-resistant for enhancing taro
Ability improves taro quality, and improving the ecological environment, it is positive to have the function of.
4, the present invention saves ganoid konjaku taro, reduces production cost.
One of an important factor for high-quality ganoid konjaku taro is decision taro yield, proportion have always been high in taro production investment
Under not.Using culturing and transplanting seedlings can make ganoid konjaku taro breeding coefficient increase, can economization sowing quantity, save production investment.
5, the present invention can promote taro to grow, and improve yield and commodity rate.
Phenomena such as taro general planting is often short of seedling, fasciation, field, which is unevenly distributed, causes group structure unreasonable, and
Population density is less than normal, on the one hand causes the efficiency of light energy utilization not high, on the other hand causes liquid manure distribution uneven.The present invention can be controlled rationally
Field population density processed improves luminous energy and water and fertilizer utilization rate, promotes taro growth, improves single plant yield and commodity rate.
6, the present invention can effectively prevent pest and disease damage.
Carry a large amount of worm's ovums and pathogen in untreated soil and ganoid konjaku taro, on the one hand the present invention is with the matrix after fermenting
Nursery is carried out instead of common garden mould, and reduces the dosage of garden mould in matrix, has eliminated the pest and disease damage source of infection；On the other hand this is used
Ganoid konjaku taro is screened before invention, eliminate disease taro, reduced ganoid konjaku taro pest and disease damage and threaten, effectively prevent taro pest and disease damage.
7, the present invention can shorten seedling-growing time, sow the climate and other natural phenomena of a season in advance.
The present invention generally nursery in greenhouse or Small plastic shed, can artificially be controlled during nursery nursery temperature, humidity and
Light conditions shorten seedling-growing time, sow the climate and other natural phenomena of a season in advance.
8, the present invention is conducive to benefit increase.
Present invention reduces the field breeding times of taro, can list in advance, this period commodity taro selling price is higher, raw
Benefit is produced to increase considerably.
9, the present invention is beneficial to the biological reinforced of selenium.
Selenium it is biological reinforced on taro crop using less.The present invention provides the one kind for improving taro Se content to have
Efficacious prescriptions method widens the biological reinforced application field on crop of selenium, provides supplement to selenium deficiency area people's selenium intake is improved.
Specific embodiment
The invention discloses the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium and preparation method thereof and selenium-rich taro,
Those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, be suitably modified realization of process parameters.In particular, it should be pointed out that all similar
Replacement and change it is apparent to those skilled in the art, they are considered as being included in the present invention.The present invention
Method and application be described by preferred embodiment, related personnel can obviously not depart from the content of present invention, essence
Method described herein and application are modified or appropriate changes and combinations in mind and range, carry out implementation and application skill of the present invention
Art.
Institute in taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium provided by the invention and preparation method thereof and the method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich taro
It is available on the market with major ingredient or auxiliary material.Biological organic fertilizer is " middle conjunction board " biological organic fertilizer, raw purchased from the formal agricultural of Hangzhou fruit
Production data Co., Ltd.For culture substrate discarded after planting pleurotus eryngii, (Jiangsu fixed star Biotechnology Co., Ltd mentions mushroom slag
For)；Garden mould is Jingjiang City's loam.
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further explained:
1 seedling medium of embodiment and preparation method thereof
A kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium is present embodiments provided, is original by the major ingredient and auxiliary material of following quality proportioning
Material is made:
The proportion of major ingredient and auxiliary material be 7:3, major ingredient be 70% Pleurotus eryngii slag, auxiliary material by 26% loam, 1% calcium superphosphate,
0.8% lime, 2% biological organic fertilizer and 0.2% nanometer selenium composition.
The preparation method of the matrix:
Matrix formulation procedure:
(1) Pleurotus eryngii Slag treatment: Pleurotus eryngii slag being smashed, is dried, water is added, and the moisture content control of Pleurotus eryngii slag is existed
60%~70% (judgment method is: hand grabs a Pleurotus eryngii slag, and water breakthrough print is not dripped, and landing, which dissipates, to be advisable).
(2) it dilutes strain: Gymboree culture materials of edible fungi fermentation assistant (is purchased from the limited public affairs of Beijing China Kang Yuan science and technology
Take charge of) add fresh rice bran (wheat bran or corn flour) in the ratio of 1:5, it is uniformly mixed spare.
(3) ingredient is inoculated with: 70% is accounted for according to Pleurotus eryngii slag, loam accounts for 26%, and calcium superphosphate accounts for 1%, and lime accounts for 0.4%,
Biological organic fertilizer accounts for 2%, and nanometer selenium accounts for 0.2% and is uniformly mixed ingredient, one side mixing, one side fungus scattering kind, it is ensured that ingredient and bacterium
Kind is uniformly mixed.
(4) composting: by uniformly mixed ingredient, routinely composting, punching, and the covering of the gas permeabilities such as gunnysack, straw screen or mat is covered
Object, so as to heat and moisture preserving.
(5) turning: under normal circumstances, fermentation process 5~7 days, temperature rose to 65 DEG C or so in substrate fermentation heap, can carry out
Turning, then build heap fermentation again and can be used for 5~7 days.
(6) damping: the later period because moisture constantly evaporates, while turning, it should be noted that mend 0.4% lime water in time.
(7) fermentation is completed: matrix is covered with white hypha in coffee color, surface, tack-free and high resilience, and one draws or one pinches
I.e. broken, no ammonia taste has aromatic odor, and temperature is gradually reduced naturally to 35~40 DEG C, and fermentation is basically completed, and total fermentation time is general
At 10~15 days.Hereafter substrate fermentation heap can be spread out, cooling is dried.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, by Pleurotus eryngii slag, loam, calcium superphosphate, lime, biological organic fertilizer and nanometer selenium according to formula
Table is uniformly mixed decomposed spare, and specific formula is shown in Table 1.
1 taro seedling medium formula (volume ratio) of table
Preparation method: with embodiment 1.
The verifying analysis of 1 matrix formulations of test example
Taro seedling medium formula comparative test is carried out in Taizhou City, material to be tested is Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen, is tested in temperature
It is carried out in room.Test sets 6 processing, 1 hole tray of each processing (50 hole), and 1 ganoid konjaku taro block with bud eye is implanted into each cavities,
3 repetitions, random alignment pour always clear water before being implanted to transplanting from ganoid konjaku taro block.Test result see the table below:
2 taro seedling medium chemical characteristic table of table
Some researches show that seedling medium bulk density in 0.2~0.8g/cm3Between, porosity is advisable between 65~96%, by
As can be seen that the taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium bulk density 0.54g/cm made of example 1 in table 23, porosity 70.3%,
It is a kind of suitable seedling medium.The content of the processing N, P, K and Ca are higher, but are unlikely to excessively high and influence the normal of taro
Growth and development and the risk for increasing the generation of later period disease meet the tiller rule and seedling stage regulation of fertilizer requirement of taro；And processing Se
Content highest (78.85mg/kg).
As can be seen from the above results, using the base of the embodiment 1 taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium made and comparative example 1
Matter compares (table 2), and the nutrient in matrix is more able to satisfy the needs in taro seedling stage and tiller phase normal growth and development, and gas permeability
It is good, it is not easy to harden, and contain a large amount of Se in matrix, be conducive to the absorption and utilization of taro seedling.
The nursery of 3 different substrates of table shows
After ganoid konjaku taro block is implanted into hole tray, (table 3) is counted to the taro emergence rate of each matrix treatments, the results showed that use
The mode of stripping and slicing carries out taro nursery, and nursery effect is preferable, and emergence rate is more than 85.3%, wherein the taro made of example 1
The taro emergence rate of selenium-rich organic seedling medium is 94.7%, is only second to A1 processing.45d (1d before transplanting) after emergence, point
Se content in other growth indexes and cauline leaf to each processing taro seedling is determined (table 3), the results showed that is made using example 1
The taro seedling seedling vigorous index highest (1.64) that the taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium of work is bred as, nursery effect is best, and the processing taro
Se content highest (4.16mg/kg) in seedling cauline leaf.The taro transplantation of seedlings that each matrix treatments are bred as counts each processing to crop field
Transplanting survival rate finds (table 3), and the transplanting survival rate respectively handled illustrates that taro culturing and transplanting seedlings can be preferable more than 95.0%
Guarantee the seedling radix in field.
As can be seen from the above results, using the matrix of the example 1 taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium made and comparative example 1
Compared to (table 3), taro seedling selenium Screening of high efficient paracetamolum is more preferable, and is conducive to the tiller strong sprout of taro, and culturing and transplanting seedlings are easier to survive, can
Preferably guarantee the seedling radix in field.
2 taro method for culturing seedlings of embodiment
Seedling medium and preparation method thereof is the same as embodiment 1.
(1) ganoid konjaku taro selects: selecting single weight in the sub- taro of the smooth disease-free spot of stalwartness of 30~50g as ganoid konjaku taro, seed selection
Ganoid konjaku taro is dried 2 days afterwards, removes the scale hair on taro.
(2) ganoid konjaku taro is handled: being impregnated 5~10 minutes with 25% Amici up to 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension
Afterwards, it dries spare.
(3) seedbed preparation: sufficient, the dry field of selection sunshine.1 meter wide, long number rice is made (depending on ganoid konjaku taro quantity)
Seedbed.The hole for digging 5~8cm depth, spreads the decomposed matrix of embodiment 1, is irrigated with water, nursery to be sowed after smooth.
(4) the ganoid konjaku taro bud eye handled well in step (2) neatly nursery: is placed in step (3) ready seedbed upward
On, the decomposed matrix of 3~5cm thickness is covered in ganoid konjaku taro, is advisable with drowning ganoid konjaku taro, is then covered film, to increase temperature.Then
Horse race water is filled to seedbed within every 2 days, to keep seedbed wet.
(5) it transplants: it is long to 10cm or more to seedling, ganoid konjaku taro is taken out, seedling is broken down from ganoid konjaku taro, is transplanted to crop field.
3 taro method for culturing seedlings of embodiment
Seedling medium and preparation method thereof is the same as embodiment 1.
(1) ganoid konjaku taro selects: selecting single weight in the sub- taro of the smooth disease-free spot of stalwartness of 30~50g as ganoid konjaku taro, seed selection
Ganoid konjaku taro is dried 2 days afterwards, removes the scale hair on taro.
(2) taro block is handled: ganoid konjaku taro is cut into multiple ganoid konjaku taro blocks with bud eye, each ganoid konjaku taro block has 1~2 bud eye,
After being impregnated 2~3 minutes with 25% Amici up to 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension, dry spare.
(3) Miao Mo prepares: selecting the hole tray in 50 holes or 72 holes, the decomposed matrix of embodiment 1 is packed into hole tray, is poured with water
Thoroughly, nursery to be sowed after smooth.
(4) nursery: by the ganoid konjaku taro block bud eye handled well in step (2) upward implantation step (3) ready Miao Mo, seedling
1 layer of decomposed matrix of mould surface, drowning bud eye are placed in greenhouse or greenhouse.It then waters to Miao Mo within every 1~2 day, to keep seedling
Mould is wet.
(5) it transplants: it is long to 10cm or more to seedling, ganoid konjaku taro block is taken out, seedling is broken down from ganoid konjaku taro, plants and arrives crop field.
2 nursery effect verification test of test example
Taro culturing and transplanting seedlings are carried out using the method for embodiment 2,3.Count emergence rate, seedling stage growing way (transplanting the previous day),
Seedling vigorous index (transplanting the previous day), transplanting survival rate, disease index etc..Test result is as follows:
The nursery performance of the different method for culturing seedlings of table 4
Compared with ganoid konjaku taro live streaming shortening 5~12 days, emergence rate increased the seedling-growing time of embodiment 2,3 methods as can be seen from Table 4
Add 6.9%~9.7%, seedling stage growing way more preferable, seedling quality is more excellent, and the Se content in cauline leaf is increased considerably compared with ganoid konjaku taro live streaming,
It is 7.1~9.9 times of ganoid konjaku taro live streaming.By above-mentioned test result it is found that two kinds of method for culturing seedlings of embodiment 2,3 increase breeding efficiency
And seedling quality, it is more suitably applied to taro nursery production.
Test example 3 transplants compliance test result test
Taro culturing and transplanting seedlings are carried out using the method for embodiment 2,3.Count transplanting survival rate, actual density, plant field
Intercurrent disease index, harvest time, yield, commodity rate, price, the output value, Cooking Quality etc..Test result is as follows:
Growth performance after the taro transplantation of seedlings of the different seedling raising manners productions of table 5
Note: transplanting/thickness of sowing is 3500 plants/acre.
The results show that using the method progress taro culturing and transplanting seedlings of embodiment 2,3, sowing quantity reduction 82.5%~
83.9%, Field densities increase by 17.1%~17.3%, and the field disease index of taro plant reduces by 7.9~9.3 during fertility,
Harvest time shifts to an earlier date 12~20 days, and yield and commodity rate relatively control dramatically increase.Due to harvesting in advance, the concentration for the taro that has been staggered
Listing phase, price relatively compare height, and the output value dramatically increases, and Cooking Quality is also superior to ganoid konjaku taro live streaming.Test result shows: implementing
The method of example 2,3, which carries out taro culturing and transplanting seedlings, can effectively mitigate taro field diseases, be more advantageous to taro compared with ganoid konjaku taro live streaming
Head increases production and improves productivity.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium, which is characterized in that in terms of parts by volume, including the following raw material: Pleurotus eryngii slag 65
~75 parts, 24~28 parts of loam, 0.8~1.2 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.6~1.0 part of lime, 1~3 part of biological organic fertilizer, nanometer selenium
0.1~0.3 part.
2. taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in terms of parts by volume, including it is as follows
Raw material: 70 parts of Pleurotus eryngii slag, 26 parts of loam, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.8 part of lime, 2 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 0.2 part of nanometer selenium.
3. taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bulk density of the Pleurotus eryngii slag
0.16~0.20g/cm3, porosity 70%~80%, 18~20g/kg of N content, P content 0.3~0.5g/kg, K content 0.4~
0.6g/kg, 430~450g/kg of the content of organic matter.
4. taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bulk density 0.8 of the loam~
1.0g/cm3, porosity 50%~60%, 1~2g/kg of N content, P content 0.5~1.0g/kg, K content 8~10g/kg, Ca contains
Measure 10~15mg/kg, 0.3~0.4mg/kg of Se content.
5. taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N of the biological organic fertilizer contains
10~12g/kg is measured, P content 30~50g/kg, K content 10~15g/kg, Ca 10~15g/kg of content, (cfu) >=0.5 hundred million has
Imitate active bacteria >=200,000,000/g, the content of organic matter >=250g/kg.
6. taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Se content of the nanometer selenium is
1~5mg/g.
7. the preparation method of taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium described in any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized by comprising
Pleurotus eryngii slag, loam, calcium superphosphate, lime, biological organic fertilizer, nanometer selenium are mixed, it is decomposed.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that specifically:
(1) Pleurotus eryngii Slag treatment: Pleurotus eryngii slag being smashed, is dried, water is added, by the control of the moisture content of Pleurotus eryngii slag 60%~
70%；
(2) it dilutes strain: culture materials of edible fungi fermentation assistant is added into rice bran by the mass ratio of 1:5, be uniformly mixed, diluted
Strain afterwards；
(3) ingredient is inoculated with: strain after Pleurotus eryngii slag, loam, calcium superphosphate, lime, biological organic fertilizer, nanometer selenium, dilution is mixed
It closes uniform；
(4) composting: by uniformly mixed ingredient composting, punching, and gas permeability covering is covered, fermented；
(5) turning: fermentation process 5~7 days, when temperature rises to 60~70 DEG C in substrate fermentation heap, turning is carried out, then build heap again
Fermentation 5~8 days；
(6) damping: while turning, 0.4% lime water is added；
(7) fermentation is completed: spreading substrate fermentation heap out after fermentation, cooling is dried.
9. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich taro, which comprises the steps of:
(1) ganoid konjaku taro selects: select single weight in the sub- taro of the smooth disease-free spot of stalwartness of 30~50g as ganoid konjaku taro, it will after seed selection
Ganoid konjaku taro dries 2 days, removes the scale hair on taro；
(2) ganoid konjaku taro is handled:
5 are impregnated up to 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension with 25% Amici~after ten minutes, it dries spare；
Alternatively, being uniformly sprayed in ganoid konjaku taro with 25% Amici up to 1000 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of suspension, turn therebetween
It ganoid konjaku taro 2~3 times, dries spare；
(3) seedbed preparation: sufficient, the dry field of selection sunshine is made wide 1 meter, long 15~20 meters of seedbed, it is deep to dig 5~8cm
Hole, spread taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium described in any one of claims 1 to 6, irrigated with water, it is smooth after to nursery；
(4) nursery: the ganoid konjaku taro bud eye handled well in step (2) is neatly placed in upward on step (3) ready seedbed,
The taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium of 3~5cm thickness is covered in ganoid konjaku taro, drowning ganoid konjaku taro covers film, then fills to seedbed within every 2 days
Horse race water；
(5) it transplants: it is long to 10cm or more to seedling, ganoid konjaku taro is taken out, seedling is broken down from ganoid konjaku taro, is transplanted to crop field.
10. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of selenium-rich taro, which comprises the steps of:
(1) ganoid konjaku taro selects: select single weight in the sub- taro of the smooth disease-free spot of stalwartness of 30~50g as ganoid konjaku taro, it will after seed selection
Ganoid konjaku taro dries 2 days, removes the scale hair on taro；
(2) taro block is handled: ganoid konjaku taro is cut into the ganoid konjaku taro block with bud eye, each ganoid konjaku taro block has 1~2 bud eye, with 25% Ah
After 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl of meter Xi Da suspension impregnate 2~3 minutes, dry spare；
(3) Miao Mo prepares: selecting the hole tray in 50 holes or 72 holes, taro described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is packed into hole tray
Selenium-rich organic seedling medium, is irrigated with water, it is smooth after to nursery；
(4) nursery: by the ganoid konjaku taro block bud eye handled well in step (2) upward implantation step (3) ready Miao Mo, Miao Mo table
Face covers taro selenium-rich organic seedling medium, and drowning bud eye is placed in greenhouse or greenhouse, then pours to Miao Mo within every 1~2 day
Water；
(5) it transplants: it is long to 10cm or more to seedling, ganoid konjaku taro block is taken out, seedling is broken down from ganoid konjaku taro, plants and arrives crop field.
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