CN102577698B - Treatment method of white flower loropetalum chinense seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a treatment method of white flower loropetalum chinense seeds, comprising the following steps of: soaking white flower loropetalum chinense seeds by acid solution and washing by water, carrying out accelerating germination in a lamination way by mixed matrix prepared from sands and pearlite, laminating for 4 months in a warming way, and laminating for 2 months at low temperature. According to the method, the permeability of the flower loropetalum chinense seeds is improved, the rest period of the seeds is broken, and the germination is promoted. The experiment proves that the germinating rate of the white flower loropetalum chinense seeds is improved.

Description

Spend the processing method of Loropetalum wood seed in vain

Technical field:

The present invention relates to spend in vain the artificial treatment method of Loropetalum wood seed.

Background technology:

Spending Loropetalum wood (Loropetalum chinens) in vain and claim again white Loropetalum wood, is a kind of of Loropetalum wood, is the evergreen shrub plant that Hamamelidaceae (Hamamelidaceae) Loropetalum wood belongs to, and is distributed in Gan Xiang subtropical zone.

White Loropetalum wood flower, stem, leaf, branch all there is important medical value, and at present for the rare bibliographical information of research work of the raising technology of this rare species.

The seed of spending Loropetalum wood in vain is difficult to nature and sprouts under wild state, poor growth, though strong adaptability but elementary biological yield is extremely low, main cause is to have the seed dormancy phase of 3～4 years owing to spending Loropetalum wood seed in vain, add that Population Ecological environment is more severe, cause the wild Loropetalum of spending in vain wood cannot breed in a large number survival.Therefore spend in vain in the raising technology of Loropetalum wood, particularly presprouting of seeds processing is the technical method of needing research badly.

Summary of the invention:

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of processing method of the Loropetalum of spending in vain wood seed, by vernalization, process, make seed be convenient to spend the sowing of Loropetalum wood in vain and grow seedlings.

The germination hastening method of spending Loropetalum wood seed in vain is as follows:

Before spending the sowing of Loropetalum wood in vain, carry out the presprouting of seeds of following program and process:

1) acid etching: soak 3h with 35% sulfuric acid solution by spending Loropetalum wood seed in vain;

2) rinse: the seed after acid etching is rinsed to 24h with mobile water;

3) lamination is processed: the seed by acid etching and after rinsing dries after surface moisture, and the mixed-matrix being made into sand and perlite carries out lamination vernalization, and sand and perlitic amount ratio are 1: 3 (volume ratio);

Preferred lamination processing method is:

A, before lamination, described matrix is used in advance to the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate of 30ppm;

B, use water-wet matrix;

Its preferred humidity is: with holding tight matrix anhydrous oozing to can become bulk time;

C, matrix are mixed with kind sublayering, i.e. one deck seed one deck sand, or by lamination after matrix and seed mixing;

D, lamination height are not less than 35cm;

4) alternating temperature is processed: adopt long-pending 4 months of 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃ warm layer and 5 ℃ ± 1 ℃ low temperature lamination 2 months, make to spend in vain the germination rate the highest (48.7%-52.7%) of Loropetalum wood.

Meanwhile, in earthing of seeds process, keep matrix moistening.

The invention before spending the seed alternating temperature stratification of Loropetalum wood in vain, carry out the appropriate methods such as acid treatment, improved the permeability of seed, reach and break the resting stage of seed and the effect of stratification, improve the germination rate of seed.

That by method provided by the invention, processes spends Loropetalum wood seed in vain, and the seed of preserving through this method, has all received good effect in spending the growing seedlings of Loropetalum wood in vain:

1, bud ratio is higher

Can germinate fast, take root, germination rate is high (48.7%-52.7%) also;

2, easy to raise, survival rate are high

This method wooden survival rate of growing seedlings can reach (95 ± 3) more than %, and than the survival rate of conventional breeding (63 ± 3), % is significantly improved.

3, growth of seedling speed

Other kinds of growth of seedling period ratio will shorten greatly, and actual measurement year high growth 30-50cm, reaches as high as 50-70cm, and growth vigor is obvious.

4, planting conditions is wide, has tolerance to cold

Seedling, all can fine growth under-8 ℃～32 ℃ temperature conditions.

Embodiment

Below by embodiment, to spending the processing method of Loropetalum wood seed in vain, do further detailed description for example.But the present invention is not limited to this.

Embodiment 1 spends the processing of Loropetalum wood seed in vain

1.1 seed collections and selection

After spending the wooden seed maturity of Loropetalum in vain, easily by bullet, escaped, natural recovery ratio is low, for improving the efficiency of gathering of spending Loropetalum wood seed in vain, guarantees seed quality, when its cone approaches maturation, with paper bag cover bag fruit or before fruit bud ftractures, is adopting certain mode, collects seed.

1.2 adopt post processing

A, air-dry: the fruit bud clothing of the seed of collection is removed, and taken out seed in conjunction with processing, be then placed on ventilation and dry in the shade.

B, cleaning: further selected again to the seed drying in the shade, removal of contamination, reaches more than 95% purity.

C, seed storage: seed air-dry and that cleared up is placed on to low temperature, is dried, can in the warehouse of lucifuge, preserves; Duration of storage should diligently check, prevents that the mold of seed is rotten.Storage period must not be over 1 year.

1.3 seeds are selected

First-class seed.Thousand kernel weight is not less than 230 grams, and plumpness is not less than 96%, and vigor is not less than 99%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%, and water content is between 35%-14%.The color and luster of seed is bright pitchy, free from extraneous odour, without infected seed.

2 presproutings of seeds are processed

Prior to seeding, the presprouting of seeds that must make following program is processed:

A, acid etching: the pure seed of gathering then or preserving is soaked to 3h with 35% sulfuric acid solution, then through flowing water, rinse 24h.

B, lamination are processed: the seed by acid etching and after rinsing dries surface moisture, with the mixed-matrix of husky and perlite (1: 3), carries out lamination vernalization.Before lamination, matrix is used the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate of 30ppm in advance, and during lamination, matrix soaks to tight agglomerating but without till water droplet with holding with running water, matrix can layering (one deck seed one deck sand) be mixed or will after matrix and seed mixing, preserve with seed, and lamination height is not less than 35cm.

C, alternating temperature process: adopt long-pending 4 months of 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃ warm layer and 5 ℃ ± 1 ℃ low temperature lamination 2 months, make to spend in vain the germination rate the highest (48.7%-52.7%) of Loropetalum wood.Meanwhile, in earthing of seeds process, keep matrix moistening.

Embodiment 2 spends the storage of Loropetalum wood seed in vain

Reach the seed of vernalization index, can not sow then, do storage for the winter well.Duration of storage is first by physiology after-ripening (temperature 0-5 ℃), then frozen.

For avoiding sowing then the seed mutation of physiology after-ripening, should continue low temperature drying storage (5 ℃-9 ℃ of temperature).Can not directly be exposed under normal temperature (10 ℃-25 ℃).

Embodiment 3 spends growing seedlings of Loropetalum wood in vain

Sowing time

Sow in spring: at mid or late March, after soil thaws, can grow seedlings.

Summer sowing: carry out in mid or late June.

Autumn sowing: before early October is extremely freeze-up, can grow seedlings.

Type of seeding

Program request: cultivate one year seedling, adopt 3cm * 5cm or 4cm * 4cm program request; Cultivate the raw seedling of 2-3 and adopt 4cm * 5cm or 5cm * 5cm centimetre of program request.

Drilling: line-spacing 0.8 * 0.8m, every square metre is sown into 200-300 grain seed.Thickness of earth covering: 3-7 centimetre, every square metre with kind of a 75-100g.

Broadcast sowing: loosen the soil to the dark left and right of 4cm, seed is evenly sprinkled into, above cover fine earth and fill and lead up, every square metre with kind of a 150-250g.Every mu of 800～1050 strains.

Noticed Problems

Seedbed will meet standard, select enrich full, the seed that embryonic development is sound, the seed that radicle has stretched out kind of skin should not be used.After planting, it is consistent that thickness of earth-fill cover is wanted, and thickness is suitable.During spring sowing, soil drought, pour water in advance, and for the smooth sprouting of seed provides sufficient moisture, volt seedbed face will cover, cold-proof after autumn sowing.

Seedling management

Dig earth 1-2 time of A, the dark root of soil disinfection, utilizes nature solar heat to be exposed to the sun 4-5 day, effectively kills various pathogeny bacterium and insect.

B, the weeding of keeping a full stand of seedings, seed germination is after 20 days, and about every 7-10 days are once.

C, the suitable control water that shades, meet the demand of seedling to moisture, the needs to plant nutrition.

D, reasonably use the agricultural chemicals of low-residual, prevent sprout term disease, insect pest.

This method brings out spends the easy to raise of Loropetalum wood seedling in vain, survival rate is high.

What under the operation sequence of regulation, can germinate relatively fast takes root, and compares the survival rate (63 ± 3%) of conventional breeding, and the survival rate of this method can reach more than 95 ± 3%.And growth of seedling speed, growth cycle will shorten greatly than other kinds, and actual measurement year high growth 30-50cm, reaches as high as 50-70cm, and growth vigor is obvious.Seedling planting conditions after improvement is wide simultaneously, can heat-resistingly resist cold (seedling early growth environment is-8 ℃～32 ℃).

Claims (4)

1. spend a processing method for Loropetalum wood seed in vain, comprise and will spend Loropetalum wood seed acid etching in vain, by mobile water flushing, lamination, process: it is characterized by:

1) described acid etching is to soak 3h with 35% sulfuric acid solution;

2) described flushing, the time is 24h;

3) lamination is dried surface moisture by seed before processing;

4) lamination is processed the mixed-matrix being made into sand and perlite, and the volume ratio of sand and perlitic consumption is 1: 3;

5) lamination adopts alternating temperature processing method, and temperature and time is: under 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃ environment, warm layer is long-pending 4 months, then low temperature lamination 2 months under 5 ℃ ± 1 ℃ environment.

2. processing method claimed in claim 1, in described lamination processing method:

1), before lamination, described matrix is used in advance to the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate of 30ppm;

2) use water-wet matrix, and keep matrix moistening in earthing of seeds process;

3) matrix is mixed with kind sublayering, and mixed method is one deck seed one deck sand, or by lamination after matrix and seed mixing.

3. processing method claimed in claim 2, the described humidity reaching by water-wet matrix is: with holding tight matrix anhydrous oozing to can become bulk time.

4. processing method claimed in claim 1, described lamination height is not less than 35cm.