CN106818379A - A kind of blueberry seed propagation seedling method - Google Patents
A kind of blueberry seed propagation seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106818379A CN106818379A CN201710088806.4A CN201710088806A CN106818379A CN 106818379 A CN106818379 A CN 106818379A CN 201710088806 A CN201710088806 A CN 201710088806A CN 106818379 A CN106818379 A CN 106818379A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of seed propagation seedling method of blueberry, step is：The ripe blueberry fresh fruit of a, harvesting, is put into bucket, and add water rinsed clean, and removal floats on immature seed and pulp on the water surface；Soaked seed with liquor potassic permanganate after b, net kind and sterilized, it is closed, then washed down with deionized water, sterilized with carbendazim, cleaned with clear water；C, seed is mixed by volume with river sand, be fitted into polybag, be put into cold compartment of refrigerator, keeping temperature, seed is taken out after 40 days, inspected periodically, keep the humidity of planting sand mixture, seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after germination, sowing；Seed and sand are carried out into drilling together when d, sowing, one layer of liver moss is covered in ditch, to lose seed as degree, then watered, covering with plastic film, blueberry seed germination.Method is simple and easy to apply, easy to operate, by grasping seed modulator approach, vernalization treatment is carried out to seed, and with alternating temperature stratification germination hastening method combination Medicament soaked seed method vernalization, planting percent reaches 90%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seedling reproduction technique field, a kind of method of blueberry seed propagation seedling is more particularly to.
It is particularly suitable for the seed with after-ripening, rest period seed propagation seedling long.
Background technology
Blueberry (Vaccinium Spp) is blue berry, perennial shrub small berries fruit tree.Category Ericaceae, Vaccinium
Plant.Originate from North America, the whole world has distribution substantially, be mainly distributed on the cool sunny area of weather temperature, such as Korea, Japan,
Heilungkiang, the Inner Mongol, the Changbai Mountain area of Mongolia, Russia, Europe, North America and China's Mainland, in Blueberry
Containing abundant nutritional ingredient, with preventing, cranial nerve is aging, protect eyesight, cardiac stimulant, anticancer, softening blood vessel, enhancing human organism
The function such as immune, nutritional ingredient is high.Blueberry has an extremely strong medical value and alimentary health-care function, international food and agricultural organization by its
It is classified as one of big healthy food of the mankind five.Blueberry is the emerging fruit tree species with economic worth higher and wide DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT,
2000 start, and introduce a fine variety examination on Liaoning, Shandong, Heilungkiang, Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan and other places in succession and plant.It was by 2016
Only, it is domestic to plant spread all over the country each provinces and cities, 20366 hectares of the gross area.The propagation method of blueberry is generally with tissue-cultured seedling skewer
Master is inserted as, but tissue-cultured seedling cuttage is present, and technical difficulty is big, method is cumbersome, production cost is high, training tissue culture seedling is difficult, transplanting survival rate
Relatively low the problems such as, and seedling root is shallow, the economic life is short.And seminal propagation has, and method is easy, with low cost, seedling growth
Vigorous, well developed root system, the features such as last a long time.
But blueberry seminal propagation is not easy, sowing is difficult because blueberry seed is minimum, and because blueberry seed once leaves fruit
In fact will dormancy, then breaking dormancy germination can be not easy very much, if do not processed seed prior to seeding, hair after planting
Bud rate is extremely low, and natural planting percent is about 5% or so.Current report of the document on blueberry seed propagation seedling is less, mainly
Soaked seed using cool stratification vernalization and with gibberellin, see《Jilin forestry science and technology》2011,40 (3) and http://
www.ailianshuo.net/guaguozaipei/1468/2014-06-13.But the present invention be work out suitable low temperature,
Under hot conditions, soaked seed with the KT (kinetin) of suitable concn, the bud ratio of seed can reach 90%, hence it is evident that higher than report
80% bud ratio.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of seed propagation seedling method of blueberry, method is simple and easy to apply, easy to operate,
By grasping seed modulator approach, vernalization treatment is carried out to seed, with alternating temperature stratification germination hastening method combination Medicament soaked seed method vernalization, into
Seedling rate reaches 90%.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
Its technology design is：The blueberry fresh fruit of maturation is harvested between the 6-7 months, is put into bucket, add a small amount of water, place 2-3
Its stack retting, is trampled, is crumpled, and pulp is separated with seed, and repeatedly add water rinsed clean, and removal floats on immature on the water surface
Seed and pulp.It is net plant after soaked seed the 2h that sterilizes with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, then take out, closed 0.5h, then use deionization
Water washes down standby.The river sand that 2 ㎜ are screened is cleaned with 0.2% carbendazim sterilization 1h with clear water, and the moisture content of river sand is
60%.Soaked seed 48h with 100 ㎎/LKT (kinetin), by seed and river sand by volume 1：3 mixing, are fitted into polybag, tighten
Sack, is put into cold compartment of refrigerator, keeping temperature 0-5 degree, and seed is taken out after 40 days；It is placed on 20 days in 10-20 degree temperature；Again
It is put into cold compartment of refrigerator, keeping temperature 0-5 degree takes out seed after 40 days；It is placed on again 20 days in 10-20 degree temperature.Periodically
Check, the humidity for keeping planting sand mixture certain, seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after germination, you can sowing, covering with plastic film nursery, cultivation 3 years can
Go out garden.
A kind of seed propagation seedling method of blueberry, its step is：
1st, harvest ripe blueberry fresh fruit, be put into bucket, add a small amount of water (water in bucket for 1/3rd or four/
One) 2-3 days stack rettings, are placed, are trampled, crumpled, pulp is separated with seed, repeatedly (3-6 times) add water rinsed clean, go
Except the immature seed and the pulp that float on the water surface.
2nd, then taken out with the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking sterilization 1-3h of 0.5% (mass percent) after net kind, it is closed
0.4-0.8h, then washed down with deionized water, it is standby with 100 ㎎/LKT (kinetin) seed soaking 46-50h.The river sand that 2 ㎜ are screened
With the carbendazim sterilization 0.8-1.2h of 0.2% (mass percent), cleaned with clear water, the moisture content of river sand is 60%.
3rd, by seed, 1 ﹕ 3 mixes by volume with river sand, is fitted into polybag, tightens sack, is put into cold compartment of refrigerator,
Keeping temperature 0-5 degree, seed is taken out after 40 days；It is placed on 18-22 days in 10-20 degree temperature；It is placed again into cold compartment of refrigerator,
Keeping temperature 0-5 degree, seed is taken out after 40 days；It is placed on again 18-22 days in 10-20 degree temperature.(3-5 days) are inspected periodically,
The humidity (humidity is typically 30% or so) for keeping planting sand mixture certain, seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after germination, you can sowing.
4th, after selection of land, decomposed dung or farmyard manure are applied by about 300kg/ mus, if soil pH value is more than 5.5, is mixed acid
Turf, applies sulphur powder (water content≤2%, 1300 ㎏ of consumption/hm2) or aluminum sulfate, covering sawdust and rotten bark, pH value is transferred to
Between 4-5, soil deep tillage is carried out, carry out 2-3 plow harrow before broadcasting again, leveling before plough, bedding, furrow 1.5-2m wide, pavement is wide
40cm。
Seed and sand are carried out into drilling together when the 5, sowing, before seed drilling, a ditch, small furrow width is first opened in furrow face
Degree is generally 9-11cm or so, trench depth 2-4cm or so, 24-26cm or so between bar ditch and bar ditch.First put in bar ditch
One layer of mixed fertilizer, then the thick left and right of general 1.8-2.2cm carries out blueberry seed program request, inter-species distance generally 4-6cm.Treat every
After bar ditch blueberry seed is finished, it (is a kind of small-sized green plants, moisture retention is good, and blueberry is special to cover one layer of liver moss in ditch
Liver moss, cultivation blueberry is special, and market price 18-20 Yuan/㎏ use preceding immersion 48h), to lose seed as degree.Then water is poured
(being sprayed with watering can, seedbed is squirted, seedbed moisture content 40-60%), covering with plastic film, it is ensured that blueberry seed germination.
Described mixed fertilizer is specially 200kg and burns soil and calcium superphosphate 10kg, composite fertilizer 10kg mixing, equal by stirring
Fine earth fertilizer that is even to smash, sieving and be made, as mixed fertilizer.
6th, sowing starts to emerge for 7-10 days, after seedling all sprouts, opens mulch film, and more than 4 times tillage and weedings are ensured every year；Emerge
Afterwards every 1 bactericide (800 times of carbendazim) of spray in 14 days plus foliar fertilizer (0.2% general this spray is green), later annual fertilising 4
It is secondary, respectively applied fertilizer once in late April, late May, 7 the middle ten days, mid or late October respectively；When bed surface is dried, water (bed surface in good time
Moisture content is 40-60%).
7th, seed seedling-raising in early April, the 2nd to mid-May seedling it is long to 10cm or so time-division transplantation of seedlings, after seedling separation, then
Cultivate 1 year, so that it may go out garden.
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below and effect：
1st, solve blueberry seed leave fruit will dormancy, the or else problem of easy breaking dormancy germination.
2nd, blueberry seed modulation treatment problem is solved.
3rd, the low technical barrier of insemination and emergence rate in blueberry seminal propagation is solved.
Seed and sand are carried out together when the 4, sowing being grown after drilling is conducive to sprouting and accelerated, planting percent is up to 95%.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of seed propagation seedling method of blueberry, it is comprised the following steps that：
1st, collect seed and plant only：Between the 6-7 months, ripe blueberry fresh fruit is harvested, be put into bucket, add a small amount of water (water in bucket
For 1/3rd or a quarter), place 2 or 3 days stack rettings, trampled, crumpled, pulp is separated with seed, 3 or 4 or 5 or
6 rinsed cleans that add water, removal floats on immature seed and pulp on the water surface.
2nd, seed disinfection and KT treatment：It is net plant after soaked seed the 2h that sterilizes with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, then take out, it is close
0.5h is closed, then is washed down with deionized water.It is standby with 100 ㎎/LKT (kinetin) seed soaking 48h.The river sand that 2 ㎜ are screened is used 0.2%
Carbendazim sterilization 1h, cleaned with clear water, the moisture content of river sand is 60%.
3rd, alternating temperature stratification vernalization：By seed, 1 ﹕ 3 mixes by volume with river sand, is fitted into polybag, tightens sack, is put into
In cold compartment of refrigerator, keeping temperature 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 degree take out seed after 40 days；It is placed on 10 or 12 or 15 or 18 or 20
20 days in degree temperature；It is placed again into cold compartment of refrigerator, keeping temperature 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 degree take out seed after 40 days；
It is placed on again 20 days in 10 or 13 or 16 or 20 degree of temperature.Inspect periodically (3 or 4 or 5 days), keep certain wet of planting sand mixture
Degree, seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after germination, you can sowing.
4th, site preparation：After selection of land, decomposed dung or farmyard manure are applied by about 300kg/ mus, if soil pH value is more than 5.5, mixed
Acid turf, applies sulphur powder (water content≤2%, 1300 ㎏ of consumption/hm2) or aluminum sulfate, covering sawdust and rotten bark, pH value is adjusted
To between 4 or 5, soil deep tillage is carried out, carry out No. 2 or 3 plow harrows before broadcasting again, leveling, bedding, furrow wide 1.5 or 1.8 or 2m before plough,
Pavement 40cm wide.
5th, sow：Seed and sand are carried out into drilling together, before seed drilling, a ditch, small furrow width is first opened in furrow face
Degree is generally 10cm or so, trench depth 3cm or so, 25cm or so between bar ditch and bar ditch.One layer of mixed fertilizer is first put in bar ditch,
General 2cm or so, then carries out blueberry seed program request, inter-species distance generally 4 or 5 or 6cm.Treat that every bar ditch blueberry seed is finished
Afterwards, one layer of liver moss is covered in ditch, to lose seed as degree.Then water, covering with plastic film are poured.100cm branch high is set up in bed surface
Frame, upper cover light transmittance is 40% sunshade net.
6th, field management：(1) film weeding is taken off：Sowing starts to emerge for 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 days, after seedling all sprouts, opens mulch film, often
Year ensures more than 4 times tillage and weedings.For the first time in mid-April or the first tenday period of a month in May；Second in late May or early June；3rd
It is secondary in late June or early July；4th time in early August, the middle ten days.(2) diseases prevention fertilising：After emerging 1 sterilization was sprayed every 14 days
Agent (800 times of carbendazim) plus foliar fertilizer (0.2% general this spray is green).Annual fertilising 4 times later, respectively in late April, May
The last ten-days period, 7 the middle ten days, mid or late October respectively apply fertilizer once.Fertilizer is become thoroughly decomposed based on water and decomposed dung with people and animals' liquid dung or soya-bean cake, best
Without chemical fertilizer.(3) water management：When bed surface is dried, water in good time (bed surface moisture content is 40-60%).
7th, seedling separation is transplanted：Seed seedling-raising in early April, the 2nd to mid-May seedling it is long to 10cm or so when transplant.Transplant
Seeding row spacing is aligned by triangle, i.e. 15 × 20cm is wrong to plant.The depth of planting is suitable regarding the length of root, but makes sure to keep in mind to be unable to nest root, covers
Soil pressure reality, irrigates root water.After seedling separation, then cultivate 1 year, so that it may go out garden.
The seed propagation seedling of blueberry is obtained successfully, blueberry percentage of seedgermination up to more than 90%, planting percent up to 90% with
On, and nursery stock is healthy and strong, quality is good.Vigorous, well developed root system, strong stress resistance are grown after the seedling planting, is lasted a long time.The nursery side
Method method is easy, with low cost.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of seed propagation seedling method of blueberry, its step is：
The ripe blueberry fresh fruit of A, harvesting, is put into bucket, adds water, places 2-3 days stack rettings, is trampled, crumpled, make pulp and
Seed is separated, the 3-6 rinsed clean that adds water, and removal floats on immature seed and pulp on the water surface；
With the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking sterilization 1-3h of 0.5% mass percent after B, net kind, then take out, closed 0.4-
0.8h, then washed down with deionized water, standby with 100 ㎎/LKT 46-50h that soak seed, the river sand that 2 ㎜ are screened is with 0.2% mass hundred
Divide the carbendazim sterilization 0.8-1.2h of ratio, cleaned with clear water, the moisture content of river sand is 60%；
C, by seed, 1 ﹕ 3 mixes by volume with river sand, is fitted into polybag, tightens sack, is put into cold compartment of refrigerator, keeps
Temperature 0-5 degree, seed is taken out after 40 days；It is placed on 18-22 days in 10-20 degree temperature；It is placed again into cold compartment of refrigerator, keeps
Temperature 0-5 degree, seed is taken out after 40 days；It is placed on again 18-22 days in 10-20 degree temperature, inspects periodically, keeps planting sand mixing
The certain humidity of thing, seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after germination, sowing；
After D, selection of land, decomposed dung or farmyard manure are applied by 300kg/ mus, soil pH value is more than 5.5, mix acid turf, apply sulphur
Powder or aluminum sulfate, covering sawdust and rotten bark, pH value is transferred between 4-5, carries out soil deep tillage, is carried out 2-3 times again before broadcasting
Plow harrow, leveling, bedding, furrow 1.5-2m wide, pavement 40cm wide before plough；
Seed and sand are carried out into drilling together when E, sowing, before seed drilling, a ditch, minor groove width one is first opened in furrow face
As be 9-11cm, trench depth 2-4cm, 24-26cm between bar ditch and bar ditch, one layer of mixed fertilizer, Ran Houjin are first put in bar ditch
Row blueberry seed program request, inter-species distance is 4-6cm, after every bar ditch blueberry seed is finished, one layer of liver moss is covered in ditch, then
Water, covering with plastic film, it is ensured that blueberry seed germination；
F, sowing start to emerge for 7-10 days, after seedling all sprouts, open mulch film, annual 4 tillage and weedings；After emerging 1 was sprayed every 14 days
Secondary bactericide adds foliar fertilizer, and annual fertilising 4 times, respectively apply fertilizer in late April, late May, 7 the middle ten days, mid or late October respectively later
Once；Bed surface is dried, and is watered；
G, seed seedling-raising in early April, the 2nd to mid-May seedling it is long to 10cm time-division transplantation of seedlings, after seedling separation, then cultivate 1 year,
Go out garden.
2. according to a kind of seed propagation seedling method of blueberry of claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described mixed fertilizer is 200kg
Soil and calcium superphosphate 10kg, composite fertilizer 10kg mixing are burnt, is smashed by stirring, the fine earth fertilizer that sieving is made, is mixing
Fertilizer.
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| CN202210775357.1A CN115250812A (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2017-02-20 | Germination accelerating method and breeding and seedling method for blueberry seeds |
| CN201710088806.4A CN106818379A (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2017-02-20 | A kind of blueberry seed propagation seedling method |
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| CN201710088806.4A Pending CN106818379A (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2017-02-20 | A kind of blueberry seed propagation seedling method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182354A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 黑龙江省带岭林业科学研究所 | A kind of method for improving great bilberry nursery planting percent |
| CN108633374A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method for quickly improving Cranberry percentage of seedgermination |
| CN110432133A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of blueberry rapid breeding method |
| CN110754159A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-02-07 | 青岛农业大学 | Multi-stage repairing method for coastal sandy land vegetation |
| CN111512735A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Treatment method for promoting blueberry seed germination |
| CN114402739A (en) * | 2022-02-12 | 2022-04-29 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for quickly obtaining large amount of high-purity blueberry seeds |
| CN115777511A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-14 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method suitable for industrially cultivating large amount of blueberry seedling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107182354A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 黑龙江省带岭林业科学研究所 | A kind of method for improving great bilberry nursery planting percent |
| CN108633374A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method for quickly improving Cranberry percentage of seedgermination |
| CN110432133A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of blueberry rapid breeding method |
| CN110754159A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-02-07 | 青岛农业大学 | Multi-stage repairing method for coastal sandy land vegetation |
| CN111512735A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Treatment method for promoting blueberry seed germination |
| CN114402739A (en) * | 2022-02-12 | 2022-04-29 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for quickly obtaining large amount of high-purity blueberry seeds |
| CN114402739B (en) * | 2022-02-12 | 2023-01-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for quickly obtaining large amount of high-purity blueberry seeds |
| CN115777511A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-14 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method suitable for industrially cultivating large amount of blueberry seedling |
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| CN115250812A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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