CN112913625A - High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method - Google Patents
High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913625A CN112913625A CN202110102686.5A CN202110102686A CN112913625A CN 112913625 A CN112913625 A CN 112913625A CN 202110102686 A CN202110102686 A CN 202110102686A CN 112913625 A CN112913625 A CN 112913625A
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- survival rate
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- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010204 pine bark Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/63—Orchids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate, which comprises the following steps: selecting healthy orchid seedlings with good root systems; uniformly mixing 4/7 fermented cortex Pini, 2/7 perlite, 1/14 red soil and 1/14 Phytolite to obtain matrix; dividing the small orchid seedlings into plants, planting 3 seedlings in a seed matrix, transplanting the flower seedlings in a cultivation field with a shading net, and uncovering the shading net every day for 6 hours; culturing for one year to one and a half year by watering management and fertilizing management at different temperatures to obtain the orchid seedling. The invention adopts the mixture of the fermented pine bark, the perlite, the laterite and the plant diamond as the matrix, combines the illumination management, can improve the survival rate of the orchid, has good plant quality of the orchid and high uniformity of the orchid seedling, and the matrix provided by the invention is rich in nutrient elements required by the orchid, avoids the root rot phenomenon of the orchid, has lower cost and good air permeability and fertilizer retention capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a high-survival-rate orchid cultivation method.
Background
Orchid is a perennial herbaceous plant which is pleased with yin, moisture, dryness and fertility, and orchidaceae plants have thick fleshy roots and loose and breathable roots and well-drained soil. Therefore, the culture medium and the illumination environment during cultivation are both important for the healthy growth of the orchid. In the cultivation method adopted in the prior art, coconut shells or peanut shells are mostly adopted as a substrate, and the consideration on environmental factors such as illumination and the like is less, so that the problems of poor root system, easy lodging, low survival rate and the like of the cultivated orchid are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate, and the cultivated orchid has good root system and good growth condition.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating high-survival-rate orchid comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy orchid seedlings with good root systems;
(2) preparing a matrix: fermenting pine bark: soaking cortex Pini in water, and fermenting for 2 months; uniformly mixing the fermented pine bark from 4/7 with the perlite of 2/7, the red clay of 1/14 and the Phytolite of 1/14 to prepare a matrix;
(3) planting: dividing the selected small orchid seedlings in the step (1) into plants, wherein the height of the small orchid seedlings is about 12-18cm, planting every 3 seedlings in the matrix in the step (2), burying the roots of the orchids about 5cm into the matrix, compacting the matrix at the roots, and watering;
(4) illumination management: transplanting the orchid seedlings in a cultivation field, wherein the cultivation field is provided with a shading net, the shading net is uncovered every day for 3 hours after transplanting for one week, and the time for uncovering the shading net every day is prolonged to 6 hours after transplanting for two weeks;
(5) watering management: in the high-temperature weather of 6-8 months in the lunar calendar, water is poured once in the morning and at the evening of every three days, and water is poured once in the week from 9 months in the lunar calendar to 5 months in the next year;
(6) fertilizing: spraying the foliar fertilizer once every half month; applying the long-acting fertilizer once every half year;
(7) plant division: the orchid seedlings are obtained after one to half year cultivation, and the pots are turned over once every year and are divided into plants.
Preferably, the water is replaced every 15 days when the pine bark in the step (2) is fermented and soaked and the water is just soaked in the pine bark.
Preferably, the perlite, laterite and Phytolite in step (2) are washed once before planting.
Preferably, the watering in step (3) requires repeated rinsing until clear water is discharged.
Preferably, the refractive index of the light-shielding net in the step (4) is 60%.
Preferably, the light intensity in step (4) is not higher than 300000 lux, and the air humidity is 70%.
Preferably, the watering in the step (5) adopts an automatic water spraying device, the water is sprayed to be moist, and the ventilation is carried out for 1 hour immediately after the watering is finished.
The invention adopts the mixture of the fermented pine bark, the perlite, the laterite and the plant diamond as the matrix, combines the illumination management, can improve the survival rate of the orchid, has good plant quality of the orchid and high uniformity of the orchid seedling, and the matrix provided by the invention is rich in nutrient elements required by the orchid, avoids the root rot phenomenon of the orchid, has lower cost and good air permeability and fertilizer retention capacity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The first embodiment is as follows:
1. selecting seedlings: healthy orchid seedlings with good root systems are selected, and the orchid seedlings with good root systems are big in reed heads.
2. Preparing a matrix: the method comprises the following steps:
fermenting pine bark: soaking cortex Pini in water, and fermenting for 2 months. Soaking with water, and changing water every 15 days. The oil of pine trees can be removed by soaking and fermenting, and each time water is changed, some components in the bark can be further decomposed into nutrient substances which are beneficial to the absorption of orchid.
② uniformly mixing the fermented pine bark of 4/7 (I), the perlite of 2/7, the laterite of 1/14 and the Phytolite of 1/14 to prepare the matrix. Perlite, laterites and diamond need to be washed once before planting to increase moisture.
3. Planting: dividing small seedlings of the orchid into plants, wherein the height of each small seedling is about 12-18cm, planting every 3 seedlings in a matrix, burying the root of the orchid about 5cm in the matrix, compacting the matrix at the root and watering; the watering needs to be repeatedly flushed until the clear water flows out.
4. Illumination management: transplanting orchid seedlings to a cultivation field, wherein the cultivation field is provided with a shading net with the refractive index of 60%, the shading net is uncovered every day for 3 hours after transplanting for one week, the time for uncovering the shading net every day is prolonged to 6 hours after two weeks, the illumination intensity is not higher than 300000 lux, and the air humidity is 70%.
5. Watering management: in the high-temperature weather of 6-8 months in the lunar calendar (the average temperature is more than 25 ℃), water is poured once in the morning and at the evening of every three days, water is poured once every week from 9 months in the lunar calendar to 5 months in the next year, and the specific watering time every day is not specifically specified. Watering by adopting an automatic water spraying facility until the water is wet; after watering, the water is ventilated for about 1 hour immediately, the ventilation can be realized by adopting a fan, and the window can be opened for convection ventilation when wind exists outside.
6. Fertilizing: spraying the foliar fertilizer once every half month. The long-acting fertilizer is applied once every half year, namely twice in one year.
7. Plant division: the orchid seedlings are obtained after one to half year cultivation, and the pots are turned over once every year and are divided into plants.
Example two:
selecting seedlings according to the mode of the first embodiment, replacing the substrate with 100% fermented pine bark, and cultivating the seedlings for one year by adopting the same illumination management, watering management and fertilization methods to obtain orchid seedlings.
Example three:
selecting seedlings and manufacturing a substrate according to the method of the first embodiment, wherein the illumination management is changed into: uncovering the shading net for 3h every day, and cultivating the orchid seedlings for one year by adopting the same watering management and fertilizing methods.
Example four:
selecting seedlings according to the mode of the first embodiment, changing the fermented pine bark in the matrix into the fermented peanut shells, mixing the fermented peanut shells in the same proportion, and cultivating the seedlings for one year by adopting the same illumination management, watering management and fertilization methods to obtain orchid seedlings.
Example five:
selecting seedlings according to the mode of the first embodiment, changing the fermented pine bark in the matrix into fermented coconut shells, mixing the fermented coconut shells in the same proportion, and cultivating the seedlings for one year by adopting the same illumination management, watering management and fertilizing methods to obtain orchid seedlings.
Comparing orchids planted in the first to fifth embodiments, wherein the comparison results are shown in table 1 (the first to fifth embodiments correspond to numbers 1-5):
TABLE 1 orchid growth status table
| Numbering | The survival rate is high | Plant height difference (cm) | Root number difference (strip) | Root length difference (cm) | Number of newly added blades | Leaf length difference (cm) | Difference in leaf width (cm) | Growth vigor |
| 1 | 99.8 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 9.0 | 3.8 | 0.6 | 0.8 | +++++ |
| 2 | 98.2 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 8.2 | 3.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | +++++ |
| 3 | 97.8 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 6.9 | 2.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | +++++ |
| 4 | 91.8 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 7.2 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | +++ |
| 5 | 92.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 6.0 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | ++ |
Description of the drawings: in the table, the plant height difference, the root number difference, the root length difference, the leaf width difference and the like are all the statistical values obtained by subtracting the statistical values before planting from the statistical values after planting, and the more the plus in the growth vigor, the better the growth condition. Good growth refers to: all indexes are high, the leaves are dark green, and the growth uniformity is high.
As can be seen from the above, the matrix and the illumination condition adopted by the method have great influence on the growth condition of the orchid, the comprehensive growth condition of the orchid is good by using the cultivation method, and the light and the illumination condition in the matrix synergistically influence the growth of the orchid.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for cultivating high-survival-rate orchid is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy orchid seedlings with good root systems;
(2) preparing a matrix: fermenting pine bark: soaking cortex Pini in water, and fermenting for 2 months; uniformly mixing the fermented pine bark from 4/7 with the perlite of 2/7, the red clay of 1/14 and the Phytolite of 1/14 to prepare a matrix;
(3) planting: dividing the selected small orchid seedlings in the step (1) into plants, wherein the height of the small orchid seedlings is about 12-18cm, planting every 3 seedlings in the matrix in the step (2), burying the roots of the orchids about 5cm into the matrix, compacting the matrix at the roots, and watering;
(4) illumination management: transplanting the orchid seedlings in a cultivation field, wherein the cultivation field is provided with a shading net, the shading net is uncovered every day for 3 hours after transplanting for one week, and the time for uncovering the shading net every day is prolonged to 6 hours after transplanting for two weeks;
(5) watering management: in the high-temperature weather of 6-8 months in the lunar calendar, water is poured once in the morning and at the evening of every three days, and water is poured once in the week from 9 months in the lunar calendar to 5 months in the next year;
(6) fertilizing: spraying the foliar fertilizer once every half month; applying the long-acting fertilizer once every half year;
(7) plant division: the orchid seedlings are obtained after one to half year cultivation, and the pots are turned over once every year and are divided into plants.
2. The method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) in the step (2), the pine bark is fermented and soaked only when the water is over the pine bark, and the water is changed every 15 days.
3. The method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the perlite, the laterite and the Phytolite are washed once before planting.
4. The method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) watering in the step (3) and repeatedly washing until the clear water flows out.
5. The method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the refractive index of the shading net in the step (4) is 60 percent.
6. The method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the illumination intensity is not higher than 300000 lux, and the air humidity is 70%.
7. The method for cultivating orchid with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) watering by adopting an automatic water spraying facility until the water is wet, and immediately ventilating for 1 hour after the water is watered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110102686.5A CN112913625A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110102686.5A CN112913625A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112913625A true CN112913625A (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110102686.5A Pending CN112913625A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113293108A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-24 | 四川农业大学 | Preparation method of microbial agent for cleaning orchid pot soil, obtained biological agent and application |
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| CN106489496A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 广西鑫雅皇庭园林工程有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of orchid |
| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
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2021
- 2021-01-26 CN CN202110102686.5A patent/CN112913625A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN105638412A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-06-08 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Culturing method for orchid |
| CN106489496A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 广西鑫雅皇庭园林工程有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of orchid |
| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
| CN110590456A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-20 | 湖南摇钱冲花卉种植有限公司 | Plant material for improving potted growth of orchid |
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Application publication date: 20210608 |