CN112753499A - Tomato multiple root system seedling raising method - Google Patents
Tomato multiple root system seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112753499A CN112753499A CN202011609233.3A CN202011609233A CN112753499A CN 112753499 A CN112753499 A CN 112753499A CN 202011609233 A CN202011609233 A CN 202011609233A CN 112753499 A CN112753499 A CN 112753499A
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- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000003953 Solanum lycopersicum var cerasiforme Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000003040 Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012966 insertion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tomato seedling culture, and discloses a tomato multiple-root-system seedling culture method. Cutting and peeling tomato seedlings at opposite positions, connecting the tomato seedlings together in an abutting mode, fixing the tomato seedlings by using a clamp, and cutting off relatively weak stems after wounds heal to form multiple-root-system seedlings. The tomato root system grafting seedling is characterized in that more than 1 (including 1) root system is planted on another tomato seedling and fixed through a grafting technology to form a multi-root system seedling. According to the invention, by grafting the new tomato roots, the development achievement degree of the tomato root systems is improved, the quality of tomato seedlings is effectively improved, the seedling revival period of the tomatoes after being planted in the field is shortened, and the tomatoes grow robustly. The tomato has developed root system, high growth vigor in the field, reduced planting density, reduced seedling cost and field management cost, improved labor efficiency and increased yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tomato seedling culture, and particularly relates to a tomato seedling culture method for forming a multi-root-system seedling by grafting a tomato root system.
Background
Tomatoes are important vegetables, most varieties are of an unlimited growth type, and the growth amount is large. Whether the plant grows healthy or not is directly related to whether the root system is developed or not. The prior art includes the following 3. 1. The tomato seed seedling raising technology comprises the following steps: the tomato seeds are sown to produce the seedlings, the root systems of the seedlings are relatively weak, and the growth vigor of the plants in the field is limited. 2. The tomato cutting seedling raising technology comprises the following steps: the seedlings are trained through branch cuttage, the root systems of the seedlings are relatively weak, and the growth vigor of the plants in the field is limited. 3. Tomato scion grafting seedling raising technology: by taking the tomato cultivar as a scion and grafting the cultivar to other stocks and introducing exogenous stocks, the affinity between the scion and the stocks is greatly changed, and meanwhile, the cultivar has certain negative effects on the quality of tomato fruits.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: the existing tomato seedling culture has the defects of underdeveloped root system, low seedling quality, weak field growth vigor, high planting density, low labor efficiency, high production cost and low yield.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a tomato multiple root system seedling method.
The invention is realized in such a way, and the tomato multiple-root-system seedling method is characterized in that multiple-root-system seedlings are formed on the basis of grafting of a new tomato root system, and the root system of the tomato seedlings is grafted onto another tomato seedling and fixed through a grafting method to form multiple-root-system seedlings.
Further, according to the novel method for tomato multiple-root seedling cultivation, the tomato seedlings are cut and peeled at the opposite positions, are closely connected together and fixed, relatively weak stems are cut off after wounds heal, and 1 robust stem is left to form multiple-root seedlings.
Further, the new tomato multiple-root seedling raising method is characterized in that more than 1 (including 1) root system is attached to another tomato seedling and fixed through an attaching technology to form multiple-root seedling.
The novel tomato multiple-root seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting full tomato seeds, disinfecting, soaking, accelerating germination, and sowing in a mother seedbed, wherein the sowing amount per square meter is not more than 20 g;
step two, transplanting the tomato seedlings into nutrition pots before the three-leaf period, transplanting more than 2 robust seedlings (containing 2 seedlings) in each pot, and ensuring that the seedling spacing is not less than 2 centimeters (so as to facilitate operation);
grafting the roots of the tomato seedlings onto another tomato seedling by using a grafting method and fixing; or cutting and peeling tomato seedlings at opposite positions, connecting the tomato seedlings together and fixing the tomato seedlings, and cutting off relatively weak stems after wounds heal to leave robust stems; or sticking more than 1 (including 1) root to another tomato seedling and fixing by sticking technique.
Step four, covering the seedbed with a small arched shed after grafting, wherein the small arched shed cannot be ventilated in the first 3 days, and the small arched shed is removed after 10 days to enter normal management;
and step five, removing the small shed after the new root grafting survives, and switching to a normal management stage, wherein the daytime temperature is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, and the nighttime temperature is controlled to be 13-15 ℃.
Furthermore, the humidity of the small arched shed in the fourth step is more than 95%, and the small arched shed is covered by a sunshade net in the daytime; the temperature in the daytime is 26-28 ℃, the temperature at night is 18-20 ℃, and the ground temperature is 20 ℃; after 3 days, the humidity is reduced, the humidity in the small arched shed is maintained at 75-80%, meanwhile, sun shading and light exposure are alternately carried out, and sun shading is carried out when the light is strong at noon; the temperature is 23-26 ℃ in the daytime and 15-18 ℃ at night.
Further, in the fifth step, the surface soil of the nutrition pot of the seedbed is dry and wet, and 7 days before planting, the temperature is reduced for hardening seedlings; planting when 6-7 true leaves of the seedling.
The invention also aims to provide tomato seedlings cultivated by the novel tomato multiple-root seedling method.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the seedlings bred by the tomato multiple-root seedling raising technology improve the root system development achievement degree of the seedlings, effectively improve the quality of the tomato seedlings, shorten the seedling revival period by more than 30 percent after the tomatoes are planted in a field, and grow robustly; tomato seedlings have developed root systems, plants grow vigorously in the field, the planting density is reduced by over 30%, the seedling cost and the field management cost are reduced, and the labor efficiency is improved by over 25%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a tomato multiple root system seedling raising method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
According to the invention, by grafting the new tomato roots, the development achievement degree of the tomato root systems is improved, the quality of tomato seedlings is effectively improved, the seedling revival period of the tomatoes after being planted in the field is shortened, and the tomatoes grow robustly.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for growing seedlings of multiple-root-line tomatoes provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: selecting full tomato seeds, disinfecting, soaking, accelerating germination, and sowing in a mother seedbed, wherein the sowing amount per square meter is not more than 20 g;
s102: transplanting the seedlings into nutrition pots before the three-leaf period of the tomato seedling plants, transplanting more than 2 (including 2) robust seedlings in each pot, and ensuring that the inter-seedling distance is not less than 2 cm (so as to be convenient for operation as a main part);
s103: grafting root systems of other tomato seedlings onto one plant by using an insertion method and fixing; or cutting and peeling tomato seedlings at opposite positions, connecting the tomato seedlings together and fixing the tomato seedlings, and cutting off relatively weak stems after wounds heal to leave 1 strong stem; or sticking more than 1 tomato root (containing 1) on another tomato seedling by sticking and grafting technology and fixing to form a multiple root system seedling;
s104: and covering the seedbed with a small arched shed after grafting, wherein the small arched shed cannot be ventilated in the first 3 days, the humidity must be more than 95%, and meanwhile, covering the small arched shed with a sunshade net in the daytime to prevent direct sunlight from irradiating into the small arched shed. The temperature in the daytime is 26-28 ℃, the temperature at night is 18-20 ℃, and the ground temperature is about 20 ℃; after 3 days, the humidity is reduced, the humidity in the small arched shed is maintained at 75-80%, meanwhile, sun shading and light exposure are alternately carried out, and sun shading is carried out when the light is strong at noon. The temperature is 23-26 ℃ in the daytime and 15-18 ℃ at night, and the small shed is removed after 10 days to enter normal management;
s105: and (3) after the new roots are grafted and survived, removing the small shed, and switching to a normal management stage, wherein the daytime temperature is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, and the nighttime temperature is controlled to be about 13-15 ℃. When the soil on the surface of the nutrition pot is dry and wet, and the seedlings in noon have slight wilting, a proper amount of water is needed to be watered in the morning on a sunny day. And 7 days before field planting, strengthening ventilation, and reducing the temperature for hardening seedlings. Can be planted when 6-7 true leaves of the seedling are planted.
The following describes the effect of the present invention in detail with reference to the following examples.
Examples
Application effect display of novel tomato root-covering seedling raising method
2000 seedlings of the Sichuan family No. 4 cherry tomatoes are bred by a tomato multiple-root breeding method in 2016, 3000 seedlings of the Sichuan family No. 4 cherry tomatoes are bred by a seed breeding technology, a contrast cultivation test is carried out in open-field cultivation in spring, the field performance of the seedlings bred by the tomato multiple-root breeding method is compared with the field performance of the seedlings bred by a common seed breeding method, and the test result shows that the seedlings of the Sichuan family No. 4 cherry tomatoes bred by the 'multiple-root breeding method' are more quickly released, the seedling release period is reduced by 37.5%, the field growth is stronger, the yield is increased by 8.9% under the condition that the planting density is reduced by 30.3%, the manual input is reduced by 25.7% in the test process, and the method is a new technology with great transformation prospect. (results of the tests are shown in the following Table)
The field comparison test table of the seedlings bred by the tomato multiple root system breeding method comprises the following steps:
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A tomato multiple root system seedling method is characterized in that multiple root system seedlings are formed based on grafting of a new tomato root system, and the root system of a tomato seedling is grafted to another tomato seedling through a grafting method and is fixed to form the multiple root system seedlings.
2. The method for growing seedlings of tomatoes with multiple root systems according to claim 1, wherein the seedlings of the multiple root systems are formed by grafting new roots of tomatoes, cutting and peeling more than 2 tomato seedlings at opposite positions, connecting the tomato seedlings together and fixing the tomato seedlings, cutting off relatively weak stems after the wounds heal, and leaving 1 strong stem to form the seedlings of the multiple root systems.
3. The method for growing tomato seedlings with multiple root systems as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedlings with multiple root systems are formed by grafting new tomato roots, and more than 1 root system is grafted on another tomato seedling and fixed by grafting technology to form the seedlings with multiple root systems.
4. The new tomato multiple-root seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formation of multiple-root seedling based on the grafted new tomato root comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting full tomato seeds, disinfecting, soaking, accelerating germination, and sowing in a mother seedbed, wherein the sowing amount per square meter is not more than 20 g;
step two, transplanting the tomato seedlings into nutrition pots before the three-leaf period, transplanting more than 2 robust seedlings in each pot, wherein the distance between seedlings is not less than 2 cm;
grafting root systems of other seedlings onto one plant and fixing the plant by using a grafting method, or cutting and peeling the seedlings at the relative positions, butting the seedlings together and fixing the seedlings, shearing off the relatively weak stems after the wounds are healed, and leaving 1 strong stem, or sticking the root systems of the other seedlings onto 1 seedling by using a sticking method;
step four, covering the seedbed with a small arched shed after grafting, wherein the small arched shed cannot be ventilated in the first 3 days, the humidity of the small arched shed is over 95 percent, the small arched shed is covered with a sunshade net in the daytime, the temperature in the daytime is 26-28 ℃, the temperature at night is 18-20 ℃, the ground temperature is 20 ℃, the humidity is reduced after 3 days, the humidity in the small arched shed is maintained at 75-80 percent, sunshade and visible light are alternately carried out, sunshade is carried out when the light is strong in noon, the temperature in the daytime is 23-26 ℃, the temperature at night is 15-18 ℃, and the small arched shed is removed after 10 days to enter normal management;
step five, removing the small shed after the new root grafting survives, and transferring to a normal management stage, wherein the daytime temperature is controlled to be 22-25 ℃, and the nighttime temperature is 13-15 ℃; ventilating and hardening seedlings at a reduced temperature 7 days before field planting; planting when 6-7 true leaves of the seedling.
5. A seedling raising method for forming a seedling of a multiple root system based on a new root system of a grafted tomato as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014030368A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-20 | Sakata Seed Corp | Novel tomato multi-branched grafted seedling and creation method of the same |
| CN105766397A (en) * | 2016-05-08 | 2016-07-20 | 宁夏天瑞产业集团现代农业有限公司 | Tomato seedling grafting technology and management method thereof |
| CN107223460A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-03 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of root system engrafting method of Chinese chestnut |
| CN108184465A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-06-22 | 成都市农林科学院 | A kind of Tomato Grafting method for culturing seedlings |
| CN109156189A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-08 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of grafting green cucumber root-planting method |
-
2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011609233.3A patent/CN112753499A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014030368A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-20 | Sakata Seed Corp | Novel tomato multi-branched grafted seedling and creation method of the same |
| CN105766397A (en) * | 2016-05-08 | 2016-07-20 | 宁夏天瑞产业集团现代农业有限公司 | Tomato seedling grafting technology and management method thereof |
| CN107223460A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-03 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of root system engrafting method of Chinese chestnut |
| CN108184465A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-06-22 | 成都市农林科学院 | A kind of Tomato Grafting method for culturing seedlings |
| CN109156189A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-08 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of grafting green cucumber root-planting method |
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Application publication date: 20210507 |