CN100369541C - Factorial seedling-culturing method for tea tree - Google Patents
Factorial seedling-culturing method for tea tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN100369541C CN100369541C CNB2005100609222A CN200510060922A CN100369541C CN 100369541 C CN100369541 C CN 100369541C CN B2005100609222 A CNB2005100609222 A CN B2005100609222A CN 200510060922 A CN200510060922 A CN 200510060922A CN 100369541 C CN100369541 C CN 100369541C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a factorial seedling-cultivating method for tea trees, which has the purpose of accelerating the rootage and the growth speed of cutting seedlings of tea trees and shortening seedling-cultivating periods. The current preformed branches of the tea trees are sheared into cutting slips which are suitable for being cut; the environmental temperature is controlled from 25DEG. C to 35DEG. C at the rootage stage of the cutting seedlings; the air humidity is 60% to 90%; the substrate adopts 2: 1: 1 of peat coal: perlite: vermiculite, and the humidity is 80% to 100%. The present invention implements no shade, full exposure, and the promotion of rootage. The substrate humidity is reduced to be 70% to 100% at the growth period of the cutting seedlings; the supplement of nutrient elements, such as N, P, K, etc., is carried out, and the growth of the tea seedlings is promoted. The rootage survival rate of the cutting slips of the seedling-cultivating tea trees cultivated by the method of the present invention is above 80%; the cutting slips rapidly grow in a greenhouse; the seedling-cultivating period is shortened to about 6 months from about 12 to 14 months, and the seedling-cultivating speed is greatly accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the industrial breeding technique method of a kind of tea tree, specifically is the growth that promotes tea tree by greenhouse.
Background technology
The tea tree growing-seedling period is long, and the land occupation amount is big.The nurturing period of the domestic tea shoot of our province was generally 14～18 months, add the cultivation time of maternal fringe bar, a growing-seedling period is about 18～20 months, long growing-seedling period causes market demand trend prediction difficulty, the market ability of regulation and control a little less than, cause the big rise and big fall of our province tea shoot price, it is bigger to fluctuate, and has restricted the orderly development of our province improved tea varietyization to a certain extent.By existing single node cutting method, every mu of nursery lot need be spread 20m3 left and right sides cubsoil.Cubsoil is that 15cm following development degree in the face of land is better, the soil layer of no sand ground soil, and quality requirement is higher, and the available soil layer in many areas has only about 1～1.5m more, therefore needs every year a large amount of soils that the seedbed cubsoil is provided.Grew seedlings continuously 10 years in a nursery, the soil that then need be equivalent to nursery scale 1/5～1/3 is as the cubsoil resource, so the cubsoil resource often becomes the difficult problem that some fields, large-scale nursery of puzzlement enlarge scale.Need discard table soil and vegetation when particularly excavating cubsoil, can cause water and soil loss, and destroy ecotope, opposing with the principle of sustainable agriculture.Along with the raising day by day that consumer's tea leaf quality is required, the quickening of the improved variety schedule speed of tea tree, press for existing kind is upgraded, and the cycle of present seedling growing process is oversize, can not satisfy a large amount of technology that go up of producing with seedling, and the scarcity of the minimizing in soil and cubsoil resource is a urgent problem, therefore needs the industrial breeding technique of development tea tree.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide factorial seedling-culturing method for tea tree, be achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) acquisition of tea tree plugged ear: the tea tree plugged ear that will be reserved is then cut with branch, according to the method for tea tree land for growing field crops cuttage and seedling culture, branch is cut into the long plugged ear of 3～5cm that has a bud one leaf;
(2) plugged ear cuttage root-taking: take root in the matrix that the direct cuttage of the plugged ear that shears is gone into to be mixed, and, realize taking root fast of tea shoot by control to conditions such as illumination, moisture, temperature;
(3) growth of cuttage seeding: after tea tree cuttage plugged ear major part is taken root,, impel cuttage seeding maximization growth to its management of carrying out suitable light, temperature, water, fertilizer;
The cuttage seeding of the standard that reaches that (4) will grow up in the greenhouse moves on to carries out hardening outside the greenhouse, reach to meet the standard of producing with seedling.
The growing environment of cuttage seeding is: 25 ℃～35 ℃ of temperature, and humidity 60%～90%, used transplanting medium is a peat: perlite: vermiculite=2: 1: 1 (volume ratio).Water supply in media is 80%～100% in the phase of taking root, and is adjusted into 70%～100% vegetative period.
The main effect of the generation of method of the present invention has following several respects: the firstth, improved the survival rate of tea tree cuttage seeding, cultivation by greenhouse, the survival rate of taking root of tea tree cuttage seeding reaches more than 80%, compares with the survival rate of conventional land for growing field crops cuttage seeding about 60%～70% to increase significantly; Second can shorten the seedling raise period of tea tree cuttage seeding, the seedling raise period of the cuttage seeding in general land for growing field crops is about 12～14 months, and this technology can shorten to seedling raise period about 6 months, thereby accelerate the speed of growing seedlings greatly, the 3rd has reduced the link of spreading subsoil in the conventional seedbed system, the labour cost of saving, the time of saving.Utilize peat to replace cubsoil, can reuse, save cost, and can prevent the environmental problem that the excessive excavation of cubsoil causes, help the protection of ecotope.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Embodiment one
With the special factorial seedling growth early in Pingyang is example, and method specifically describes as follows:
(1) the special acquisition of plugged ear early in Pingyang: the special branch early in the Pingyang that will reserve is then cut, and according to the method for tea tree land for growing field crops cuttage and seedling culture, branch is cut into the long plugged ear of 3～5cm (bud is at top) that has a bud one leaf, and the bottom is cut into the inclined-plane;
(2) cuttage of plugged ear: with plugged ear according to the interval about 1-2cm in the row, the standard of line space be cuttage fringe bar with the width of blade, insert in the container for plant growth, cutting medium is a peat: perlite: vermiculite=2: 1: 1 (volume ratio);
(3) take root environment control and management:
Temperature control: adopt the cooling effect and the hot blast warming-up device of switch, axial flow blower and the water Lian in sunshade net and skylight to realize temperature controlling is controlled at chamber environment temperature between 25 ℃～35 ℃;
Humidity control: adopt spraying system that the air humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted, make it be controlled at 60%～90%;
Intensity of illumination: the cuttage initial stage is if all the other full exposures in season are suitably sheltered from heat or light very much in illumination in summer by force;
Soil humidity: soil humidity is controlled at about 80%～100%, is lower than 80% humidification of spraying;
(4) growth management of cuttage seeding: cuttage seeding is after taking root, other conditions (temperature, air humidity, intensity of illumination) are with taking root period management, and soil humidity suitably reduces, 70% following humidification, carry out suitable fertilising (N, P, K), promote the quick no dormancy growth of tea shoot;
(5) the land for growing field crops hardening of cuttage seeding: cuttage seeding is produced with about the standard-30cm height (6 months) of seedling to meeting at warm interior length, the thick 0.2cm of stem above (with ruler and slide measure measure its plant height respectively and stem thick), promptly it can be moved on to the land for growing field crops and carry out can becoming about 20 days strong sprouts standard compliant production seedling.
Embodiment two
The factorial seedling growth that comes into leaves with Dragon Well tea is an example, and method specifically describes as follows:
(1) the Dragon Well tea acquisition of plugged ear of coming into leaves
The Dragon Well tea of reserving the then branch that comes into leaves is cut,, branch is cut into the long plugged ear of 3～5cm (bud is at top) that has a bud one leaf according to the method for tea tree land for growing field crops cuttage and seedling culture.The bottom is cut into the inclined-plane,
(2) cuttage of plugged ear
With plugged ear according to the interval about 1-2cm in the row, the standard of line space be cuttage fringe bar with the width of blade, insert in the container for plant growth, cutting medium is a peat: perlite: vermiculite 2: 1: 1.
(3) take root environment control and management
1. temperature control: adopt the cooling effect and the hot blast warming-up device of switch, axial flow blower and the water Lian in sunshade net and skylight to realize temperature controlling is controlled at chamber environment temperature between 25 ℃～35 ℃.
2. humidity control: adopt spraying system that the air humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted, make it be controlled at 60%～90%.
3. intensity of illumination: the cuttage initial stage is if all the other full exposures in season are suitably sheltered from heat or light very much in illumination in summer by force.
4. soil humidity: soil humidity is controlled at about 80%～100%, is lower than 80%～100% humidification of spraying.
(4) growth management of cuttage seeding
1. cuttage seeding is after taking root, and other conditions (temperature, air humidity, intensity of illumination) are with taking root period management, and soil humidity suitably reduces, 70% following humidification.
2. carry out suitable fertilising (N, P, K), promote the quick no dormancy growth of tea shoot.
(5) the land for growing field crops hardening of cuttage seeding
Cuttage seeding is produced with about the standard-30cm height (6 months) of seedling to meeting at warm interior length, the thick 0.2cm of stem above (with ruler and slide measure measure its plant height respectively and stem thick), qualified seedling rate reaches 98%.Promptly it can be moved on to the land for growing field crops and carry out to become about 20 days strong sprouts standard compliant production seedling.The survey report of seedling sees Table 1:
| Seedling age | Sample number | The one-level seedling | The secondary seedling | Defective seedling | Qualification rate |
| 6 months | 50 | 1 | 48 | 1 | 98％ |
| 10 months | 50 | 39 | 10 | 1 | 98％ |
Embodiment three
Factorial seedling growth with middle tea 102 is an example, and method specifically describes as follows:
(1) acquisition of tea 102 plugged ears in
Middle tea 102 branches of Yu Liuing are cut then, according to the method for tea tree land for growing field crops cuttage and seedling culture, branch are cut into the long plugged ear of 3～5cm (bud is at top) that has a bud one leaf.The bottom is cut into the inclined-plane,
(2) cuttage of plugged ear
With plugged ear according to the interval about 1-2cm in the row, the standard of line space be cuttage fringe bar with the width of blade, insert in the container for plant growth, cutting medium is a peat: perlite: vermiculite 2: 1: 1.
(3) take root environment control and management
1. temperature control: adopt the cooling effect and the hot blast warming-up device of switch, axial flow blower and the water Lian in sunshade net and skylight to realize temperature controlling is controlled at chamber environment temperature between 25 ℃～35 ℃.
2. humidity control: adopt spraying system that the air humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted, make it be controlled at 60%～90%.
3. intensity of illumination: the cuttage initial stage is if all the other full exposures in season are suitably sheltered from heat or light very much in illumination in summer by force.
4. soil humidity: soil humidity is controlled at about 80%～100%, is lower than 80%～100% humidification of spraying.
(4) growth management of cuttage seeding
1. cuttage seeding is after taking root, and other conditions (temperature, air humidity, intensity of illumination) are with taking root period management, and soil humidity suitably reduces, 70% following humidification.
2. carry out suitable fertilising (N, P, K), promote the quick no dormancy growth of tea shoot.
(5) the land for growing field crops hardening of cuttage seeding
Cuttage seeding is produced with about the standard-30cm height (6 months) of seedling to meeting at warm interior length, the thick 0.2cm of stem above (with ruler and slide measure measure its plant height respectively and stem thick), promptly it can be moved on to the land for growing field crops and carry out can becoming about 20 days strong sprouts standard compliant production seedling.
Need not further to elaborate, believe and adopt the disclosed content in front, those skilled in the art can use the present invention to greatest extent.Therefore, the preferred specific embodiments of front is interpreted as only illustrating, but not limits the scope of the invention by any way.
Claims (2)
1. factorial seedling-culturing method for tea tree is characterized in that realizing by following steps:
(1) acquisition of tea tree plugged ear: the tea tree plugged ear that will be reserved is then cut with branch, according to the method for tea tree land for growing field crops cuttage and seedling culture, branch is cut into the long plugged ear of 3～5cm that has a bud one leaf;
(2) plugged ear cuttage root-taking: take root in the matrix that the direct cuttage of the plugged ear that shears is gone into to be mixed, and by to illumination, moisture, temperature controlling, realize taking root fast of tea shoot, wherein the used matrix of cuttage adopts peat: vermiculite: perlite=2: 1: 1;
(3) growth of cuttage seeding: after tea tree cuttage plugged ear major part is taken root, to its management of carrying out light, temperature, water, fertilizer, impel growth of cuttage seedlings, wherein environmental temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～35 ℃, air humidity is controlled at 60%～90%, and water supply in media is controlled at 70%～100%;
(4) cuttage seeding that will grow up in the greenhouse moves on to and carries out hardening outside the greenhouse, reaches to meet the standard of producing with seedling.
2. factorial seedling-culturing method for tea tree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water supply in media that cuttage seeding is taken root in the step (3) is 80%～100%.
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| CNB2005100609222A CN100369541C (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Factorial seedling-culturing method for tea tree |
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Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101356880B (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2010-08-18 | 苏州洞庭福岗农业技术开发有限公司 | High grade summer autumn tea production method and products thereof |
| CN102405757A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-04-11 | 周国兰 | Intelligent rapid propagation method of tea tree |
| CN102511267A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 金陵科技学院 | Hardwood cutting seedling raising method for tea plant |
| CN102860229B (en) * | 2012-08-05 | 2013-11-06 | 肖勇 | Tea tree tray-soilless seedling substrate |
| CN103081688A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-08 | 李春雷 | Novel tea tree planting mode in northern cold and alkali areas |
| CN103548523B (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2015-05-06 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Qiqu tea tree bonsai manufacturing method |
| CN103548656A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-05 | 宁夏天地缘锦绣园林花卉有限公司 | Matrix for dianthus caryophylus seed and seedling tray cutting and breeding |
| CN103891505B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-12-30 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of authentication method of tea tree impoverishment tolerant resource |
| CN104012288B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-01-28 | 湖南农业大学 | Cutting propagation method for tea tree old branches |
| CN104429540A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 中节能（应城）光伏农业科技有限公司 | Single-bud cutting method for common camellia in photovoltaic greenhouse |
| CN105432448A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县香妃农业专业合作社 | White tea cutting medium |
| CN105409564B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-12-12 | 黄山市徽州区浮溪人家茶业有限公司 | A kind of cottage method of tea shoot |
| CN106508383B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-10-25 | 贵州省生物研究所 | It is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region |
| CN107251743A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-17 | 成都苗夫现代苗木科技有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture propagation method of verbena hybrida |
| CN109644850A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of factory culture tea shoot |
| CN110800487A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-18 | 湖北圣水茶场有限责任公司 | Tea tree factory cave tray breeding method |
| CN115336516A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-15 | 南京农业大学 | Factory seedling raising matrix and seedling raising method for tea trees |
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