CN104012288B - Cutting propagation method for tea tree old branches - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method for tea tree old branches Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012288B CN104012288B CN201410285272.0A CN201410285272A CN104012288B CN 104012288 B CN104012288 B CN 104012288B CN 201410285272 A CN201410285272 A CN 201410285272A CN 104012288 B CN104012288 B CN 104012288B
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Abstract
The invention provides a cutting propagation method for tea tree old branches. The method comprises the following steps: cutting base parts of cutting slips into 45-degree inclined diagonal planes by taking the tea tree old branches with the stem thickness of 1-2cm and the length of 15-35cm as cutting slips; disinfecting by using 70% thiophanate methyl 1000-time liquid; immersing by using ABT solutions with the concentrations from low to high before cutting; after cutting, keeping the overshadow degree for 75-85%; and spraying the disinfecting liquid to keep soil humidity until roots grow. The tea tree old branches which are survived by cutting are transported to pots and are pruned and coiled to be molded into a tea tree potted landscape. The method is short in period, rapid in molding, low in production cost and simple to operate. The problem that the tea tree old branches are difficult to survive by cutting is solved; bred new plants have thick stem and are old; a molded mini-type potted landscape can be rapidly manufactured and the ideal modeling effect of simple and unsophisticated and powerful advantages is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, be specifically related to the old branch cuttage breeding method of a kind of tea tree.
Background technology
Current tea tree breeding is mainly through cuttage, press strip, grafting method breeding.Traditional cuttage mode uses raw semi-lignified branch then mostly, and about length 3-5cm, the branch with 1 bud 1 leaf or 2 leaves makes cuttings.Breeding new strain out uses as the seedling of tea tree planting, if but be used for making potted landscape, then aged not, desirable effect can not be reached.
As " a kind of tea tree hardwood cutting and seedling raising method " that Chinese Patent Application No. is 201110405357.4, be select March the hard secateurs of tea tree in the first half of the year to become 4-5cm, stay 1-2 bud, half leaf to the full leaf of a slice as cuttings.The base portion of cuttings to be immersed in the naphthalene acid solution of 20ppm 30 minutes, and then insert the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite, perlitic volume ratio are in the matrix of 1:1:1, seedbed is wide 80 centimetres, to transplant line-spacing 10 centimetres, spacing in the rows 4 centimetres, cuttage degree of depth 2-3 centimetre, covers with black thin film after cuttage and is barricaded as Small plastic shed.Spray the 0.1-0.5% composite fertilizer aqueous solution 7-9 month, go out garden December and transplant.This invention by matrix cuttage, cover shelter from heat or light, that the new technology such as fertilising solves early spring temperature is low, the problem that hard branch difficulty survives, but hard branch here refers to 1 year raw branch, does not solve the cuttage problem of old branch.
And for example Chinese Patent Application No. is " a kind of tea cutting matrix and preparation method thereof and the application " of 201310300977.0, be select 1 bud 1 leaf, length is that the cuttings of 3-3.5cm is inserted through in the matrix (earthworm excrement: perlitic volume ratio is 1:3) of 1000-1200 carbendazim sterilization doubly.The matrix of cuttage improves 18-25% relative to traditional matrices rooting rate, reaches 95%.For another example Chinese Patent Application No. is " tea tree hardwood cutting and seedling raising nutrient solution and preparation method thereof " of 201210530364.1, select bud one leaf, length is the semi-lignified branch cuttage of 4-5cm, matrix is the mixed-matrix adopting the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite and perlite composition, the peat composed of rotten mosses in matrix: vermiculite: perlitic volume ratio is 1:1:1.Cuttage is executed after 60 days and is watered nutrient solution.These invent cuttings stem used is slightly 3-5mm, the branch of long about 3cm semi-lignified, and not solving stem is slightly the cutting propagation problem of the old branch of more than 1.5cm tea tree.
What above tea cutting technology adopted is that the branch of giving birth to then carries out cuttage and seedling culture, and the old branch cuttage difficulty of tea tree is taken root, and is difficult to survive.How to utilize old branch cottage propagation, can shorten the nursery stage of tea tree, ahead of time tea tree starts time of going into operation, and it goes out for quick Fabrication miniature potted landscape that shaping stem is slightly old for one's age and is and important.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of tea tree old branch cuttage breeding method, its running cost is low, simple, survival rate is higher, the problem that the cuttage difficulty this method solving the old branch of tea tree survives, breeding new strain out makes tea tree potted landscape, energy rapid shaping, and reaches the effect of simple and unsophisticated powerful gesture to desirable moulding.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the old branch cuttage breeding method of a kind of tea tree, and the method step is as follows:
(1) nursery bed disinfection and construction: nursery soil effluent sand becomes with tea place local soil type, the volume ratio 40-50%:50-60% of river sand and tea place soil, first 25 days of cuttage, tea place soil mass ratio is that the thiophanate methyl of 5% of 1:3 and the mixed liquor of Furadan squirt the soil surface turned over; The river sand soil liquor potassic permanganate of 0.3% irrigates; First 7 days of cuttage, is layered on river sand on the soil of tea place, stirs mixing, then rinses, to seedbed has water to ooze out with clear water; It is highly the Small plastic shed of 0.6-0.8m that seedbed is built;
(2) cuttings collection: cuttings all can be taked throughout the year, late August to late October is best; The old branch of tea tree of the thick 1-2cm of collection stem, long 15-35cm is as cuttings, and the top of cuttings cuts flat, and coats consolidant, blade is all wiped out, base portion is cut scarf at 45 °, base portion 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid disinfectant 2min, solution deep will flood base portion otch;
(3) cuttings process: cuttings will soak ABT solution leaving in female branch 12h, first soaks 20-24h in 100-150ppmABT solution, takes out to put into 800ppmABT solution again and soak 2-4h, and the degree of depth of each ABT solution at least flooded cuttings base portion otch 1cm;
(4) cuttage: before cuttage, seedbed water is run through, the cuttings waddy handled well is drawn hole oblique cutting at 45 ° to enter nursery soil (line-spacing is 20-25cm, spacing in the rows is 3-4cm), cuttings top distance ground 1-2cm, irrigates seedbed with the ABT solution of 50ppm after cuttage; After cuttage, prior to covered with plastic film on Small plastic shed, seedbed is sealed, then cover shade net on a plastic film, make shade density be 75%-85%;
(5) manage after cuttage: after cuttage, raised plastic film and shade net every 20 days, spray the thimerosal of 600 times of 50% ultra micro carbendazim, before cuttage bar root of hair, keep soil moisture 80%-90%, after root of hair, soil moisture keeps 70%-80%;
(6) manage after cuttage rooting: after old branch is taken root, spray 1 500-600 potassium dihydrogen phosphate doubly, and open plastic film and shade net in time.
The old branch of the tea tree utilizing propagation method of the present invention to survive can carry out bonsai production: after the old branch cutting survival of tea tree, be implanted in the basin of suitable size and cultivated, by pruning, coiling to prick, design is carried out to it, make it not only to become tea tree potted landscape of intense interest, and reach the quaint powerful attitude of old stake, lay the foundation for being made into old stake potted landscape later.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, solve the technical problem that the old branch cuttage difficulty of tea tree survives, the vegetative propagation for tea tree provides new technical method, shortens the nursery stage of tea tree, and tea tree starts the time of operation ahead of time.
2, the tea tree proposed by the invention old branch cuttage vegetative propagation method cycle is short, production cost is low, simple to operate, shaping fast, technology is easily promoted, high financial profit.
3, the present invention adopts the old branch of tea tree of the thick 1-2cm of stem to carry out cottage propagation first, the growth age of tea tree branch does not limit, discarded beta pruning of making over is utilized, the more important thing is that the new strain that this propagation method breeds out makes tea tree potted landscape, energy rapid shaping, and reach the effect of the desirable moulding of simple and unsophisticated powerful gesture.
4, the present invention takes substep root-growing agent process of transplanting first, transplant and first soak for a long time with the ABT of low concentration, then soak with the ABT short time of high concentration, water permeable with ABT solution again after cuttage, these process promote cell division, the differentiation of cuttings base portion, induce the formation of its adventive root, cuttings can be taken root and come into leaves, survive.
5, by implementing the present invention, with plastic film covering after tea tree rooting hormone and nursery soil being carried out disinfection, the effect of its sterilization is 20 days, difference twice pair of disinfecting soil after cuttage, the infected chance of such reduction cutting, improves the survival rate of cutting.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Nursery bed disinfection and construction: the wide 1.2m in seedbed, during first 25 days of cuttage, turn over tea place soil, deeply about 20cm, and the mixed liquor (mass ratio of thiophanate methyl and Furadan is 1:3) of the thiophanate methyl with 5% and Furadan squirts the soil surface turned over; The river sand soil liquor potassic permanganate of 0.3% irrigates.First 7 days of cuttage, is layered on the soil of tea place by river sand, tea place soil, river sand are stirred, make it mixing, the volume ratio of river sand and tea place soil is 2:3; Rinse, to seedbed has water to ooze out with clear water again.Then on seedbed, building Small plastic shed, is highly 0.6-0.8m.
To transplant collection: gather stem thick 1-2cm October, the old branch of tea tree of long 15-35cm makes cuttings, the top of cuttings cuts flat, coat consolidant, blade is all wiped out, base portion is cut scarf at 45 °, and base portion is placed in 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid and sterilizes 2min, solution deep flooded base portion otch 1cm.
To transplant process: cuttings soaks ABT solution leaving in female branch 2h, and cuttings first soaks 24h in 100ppmABT solution, take out and put into 800ppmABT solution again and soak 2h, the degree of depth of ABT solution flooded cuttings base portion otch 1cm.
Cuttage: before cuttage, seedbed water is run through, the cuttings waddy handled well is drawn hole oblique cutting at 45 ° and enters nursery soil 15-20cm, line-spacing 20-25cm, spacing in the rows 3-4cm, cuttings top distance ground 1-2cm, irrigates seedbed with the ABT solution of 50ppm after cuttage; On Small plastic shed, seedbed seals by covered with plastic film again, finally on film, covers shade net, and shade density is 75%.
Manage after cuttage: after cuttage, every 20 days, observe the growing state of cutting.Raised the plastic film on Small plastic shed and shade net every 20 days, spray the thimerosal of 600 times of 50% ultra micro carbendazim, before cuttage bar root of hair, keep soil moisture 80%-90%, after root of hair, keep 70%-80%.
Manage after cuttage rooting: after old branch is taken root, spray 1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 500 times, and open plastic film and shade net in time.
The old branch cuttage survival rate of above-mentioned tea tree reaches 65%, and the cuttage seeding survived is implanted in the basin matched and cultivates, and carrying out design, being laid the foundation for cultivating into the tea tree potted landscape with quaint powerful gesture by pruning, coiling to prick to it.
Embodiment 2
Nursery bed disinfection and construction: the wide 1.2m in seedbed, during first 25 days of cuttage, turn over tea place soil, deeply about 20cm, the mixed liquor (mass ratio of thiophanate methyl and Furadan is 1:3) of the thiophanate methyl with 5% and Furadan squirts the soil surface turned over; The river sand soil liquor potassic permanganate of 0.3% irrigates.First 7 days of cuttage, is layered on the soil of tea place by river sand, tea place soil, river sand are stirred, make it mixing, the volume ratio of river sand and tea place soil is 1:1; Rinse, to seedbed has water to ooze out with clear water again.Then on seedbed, building Small plastic shed, is highly 0.6-0.8m.
To transplant collection: gather stem thick 1-2cm August, the old branch of tea tree of long 15-35cm makes cuttings, the top of cuttings cuts flat, and coats consolidant, blade is all wiped out, base portion cuts scarf at 45 °, and be placed in 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid and sterilize 2min, solution deep flooded base portion otch 1cm.
To transplant process: cuttings will soak ABT solution leaving in female branch 6h, and cuttings first soaks 20h in 150ppmABT solution, take out and put into 800ppmABT solution again and soak 4h, the degree of depth of ABT solution flooded cuttings base portion otch 1cm.
Cuttage: before cuttage, seedbed water is run through, the cuttings waddy handled well is drawn hole oblique cutting at 45 ° and enters nursery soil 15-20cm, line-spacing 20-25cm, spacing in the rows 3-4cm, cuttings top distance ground 1-2cm, irrigates seedbed with the ABT solution of 50ppm after cuttage; Sealed in seedbed with covered rearing with plastic film Small plastic shed, finally cover shade net on a plastic film, shade density is 85%.
Manage after cuttage: after cuttage, every 20 days, observe the growing state of cutting.Raised plastic film and shade net every 20 days, spray the thimerosal of 600 times of 50% ultra micro carbendazim, before cuttage bar root of hair, keep soil moisture 80%-90%, after root of hair, keep 70%-80%.
Manage after cuttage rooting: after old branch is taken root, spray 1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 600 times, and open plastic film and shade net in time.
The old branch cuttage survival rate 70% of above-mentioned tea tree, is implanted into the cuttage seeding survived in the basin matched, and carrying out design, being laid the foundation for cultivating into the tea tree potted landscape with quaint powerful gesture by pruning, coiling to prick to it.
Claims (2)
1. the old branch cuttage breeding method of tea tree, it is characterized in that, the method step is as follows:
(1) nursery bed disinfection and construction: nursery soil effluent sand becomes with tea place local soil type, the volume ratio 40-50%:50-60% of river sand and tea place soil, first 25 days of cuttage, tea place soil mass ratio is that the thiophanate methyl of 5% of 1:3 and the mixed liquor of Furadan squirt the soil surface turned over; The river sand soil liquor potassic permanganate of 0.3% irrigates; First 7 days of cuttage, is layered on river sand on the soil of tea place, stirs mixing, then rinses, to seedbed has water to ooze out with clear water; It is highly the Small plastic shed of 0.6-0.8m that seedbed is built;
(2) cuttings collection: the old branch of tea tree of the thick 1-2cm of collection stem, long 15-35cm is as cuttings, and the top of cuttings cuts flat, and coats consolidant, blade is all wiped out, base portion is cut scarf at 45 °, and with 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid disinfectant 2min, solution deep to flood base portion otch;
(3) cuttings process: cuttings will soak ABT solution leaving in female branch 12h, first soaks 20-24h in 100-150ppmABT solution, takes out to put into 800ppmABT solution again and soak 2-4h, and the degree of depth of each ABT solution at least flooded cuttings base portion otch 1cm;
(4) cuttage: before cuttage, seedbed water is run through, the cuttings waddy handled well is drawn hole oblique cutting at 45 ° and enters nursery soil, cuttings top distance ground 1-2cm, irrigate seedbed with the ABT solution of 50ppm after cuttage, on Small plastic shed, covered with plastic film and shade net make shade density be 75%-85%;
(5) manage after cuttage: after cuttage, raised plastic film and shade net every 20 days, spray the thimerosal of 600 times of 50% ultra micro carbendazim, before cuttage bar root of hair, keep soil moisture 80%-90%, after root of hair, soil moisture keeps 70%-80%;
(6) manage after cuttage rooting: after old branch is taken root, spray 1 500-600 potassium dihydrogen phosphate doubly, and open plastic film and shade net in time.
2. the described old branch cuttage breeding method of a kind of tea tree as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises step (7) and transplants: after the old branch cutting survival of tea tree, be implanted in the basin matched, carry out moulding by pruning, bundle of coiling, make it to become tea tree potted landscape.
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| CN104303751B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-10-05 | 安徽兰祥园茶业有限公司 | A kind of without new soil Camellia sinensis continuous cropping cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN105145271A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-12-16 | 安庆市枞阳县阳和苗圃 | Grapevine old branch cottage cultivating method for bonsai |
| CN105325208A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-17 | 广西八桂凌云茶业有限公司 | Method for promoting rooting of tea tree cutting seedling |
| CN105638299A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-08 | 信阳市农业科学院 | Tea tree seedling potting matrix soil and potting method |
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| CN109315160A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-02-12 | 贵州普定印象朵贝农业开发有限公司 | A kind of expanding propagation method of ancient tea tree in thousand |
| CN110771365B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-04-29 | 河南农业大学 | Cutting propagation method of lingbao rhododendron |
| CN110810036A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-02-21 | 深圳市金南国园林有限公司 | Cutting cultivation method for old branches of podocarpus macrophyllus bonsai |
| CN114946430B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-07-28 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Rapid propagation method for camellia cutting rooting |
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