CN103229701B - Cutting propagation method of eustoma grandiflorum - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method of eustoma grandiflorum Download PDFInfo
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- CN103229701B CN103229701B CN201310165022.9A CN201310165022A CN103229701B CN 103229701 B CN103229701 B CN 103229701B CN 201310165022 A CN201310165022 A CN 201310165022A CN 103229701 B CN103229701 B CN 103229701B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting propagation method of eustoma grandiflorum. The cutting propagation method includes: day temperature of a female parent cultivation greenhouse is kept at 20-30 DEG C, night temperature is kept at 13-18 DEG C, relative air humidity during the day is kept to be 50-75%, and relative air humidity during the night is kept to be 70-85%; and sunshine time in a year is less than 13 hours. When a lateral bud of a female parent plant has eight leaves and one heart, a bigslip is cut out, cutting is performed on the bigslip after the bigslip is dipped in rooting powder, shading coefficient of an outer shading net of a cutting greenhouse is 30%, inner relative air humidity is kept to be 80-95% through high pressure mist, temperature is at 20-25 DEG C, CO2 concentration in the cutting greenhouse is kept to be 600-800ppm through CO2 fertilization, and a cutting seedling is transplanted to a flower cutting production greenhouse after the cutting seedling takes root. The cutting propagation method of eustoma grandiflorum reduces root disease rate and leaf disease rate substantially, shortens seed breeding stage, and promotes the eustoma grandiflorum pigslip to take root. Rooting time of eustoma grandiflorum is 23-25 days, rooting rate of eustoma grandiflorum is above 92%, and planting percent of eustoma grandiflorum is above 87%. The cutting propagation method of eustoma grandiflorum is suitable for commercial and large-scale propagation of eustoma grandiflorum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that realizes Lisianthus cottage propagation by optimizing ecological factor, belong to plant propagation technical field.
Background technology
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) has another name called prairie gentian, the blue bell in Dezhou.Be that a kind of Gentianaceae Lisianthus that originates in the U.S. belongs to ornamental plants, mainly as cut-flower, Lisianthus flower shape is graceful graceful, pure and fresh beautiful, and long fresh-keeping period has the good reputation of " without Flos Rosae Davuricae ".Lisianthus is that in world's fresh cut-flowers, recent two decades carrys out the fastest kind of market share rising, the position of being number five in large fresh cut-flowers of Japan and Chinese yunnan province by sales volume.Lisianthus is also significantly increased in potted plant and flower bed application in recent years.
Lisianthus produces and all adopts seminal propagation in the world at present, and most F1 hybrid seed that uses.In the cut-flower that world rankings are first 10, only have Lisianthus to adopt F1 hybrid seed to produce seedling, all the other all adopt and nourish and generate.Cultivate clone kind and can produce more designs and varieties type and stronger individual plant advantage than F1 crossbreed, this is the prevailing major reason in ornamental plants of nourishing and generating.
In theory, Lisianthus also can be cultivated with cuttage and be realized and nourishing and generating by tissue, but not yet realize at present commercial applications, main cause is that Lisianthus is perennial root draft, property happiness low humidity is dry, routinely cottage propagation exist Lisianthus easily infect leaf portion and root disease, rooting rate low, be difficult to form commercialization seedling.And existing seminal propagation exists breeding time long, from being seeded into bloom, need 160-240 days, nursery stage reaches 60-90 days, the defect that greenhouse service efficiency is on the low side.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the problem that the Lisianthus seed propagation seedling cycle is long, production efficiency is on the low side; and solve cottage propagation routinely and exist Lisianthus easily to infect the technical problem that leaf portion and root disease, rooting rate are low, be difficult to form commercialization seedling, the cuttage breeding method of a kind of suitable Lisianthus scale Fast-propagation and production is provided.
The cuttage breeding method of Lisianthus of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) Lisianthus is adopted the cultivation of fringe maternal plant:
1. in maternal production greenhouse, by Lisianthus Seeding planting, in soil or soilless culture substrate, maternal temperature in daytime of cultivating greenhouse keeps 20 ℃～30 ℃, and night, temperature kept 13 ℃～18 ℃, daytime, relative air humidity was 50%～75%, and night, relative air humidity was 70%～85%; The black system that hides is installed in the maternal greenhouse of cultivating, and keeps the anniversary duration of day to be no more than 13 hours;
2. in maternal plant 6 leaf one heart stage pinching, promote one-level lateral bud to sprout evil, until one-level lateral bud, grow to 8 leaves wholeheartedly time, with the cutter intercepting of sterilization, containing the cutting wholeheartedly of 4～6 leaves, after intercepting cutting, maternal lateral bud base portion retains 1～2 pair of blade;
(2) cottage propagation of Lisianthus:
1. in cuttage greenhouse, the cutting of intercepting is dipped in after Lisianthus root-inducing powder, cuttage is in seedling culture hole plate, and the matrix of seedling culture hole plate is by peat: the ratio that perlitic volume ratio is 1:1 mixes; Described Lisianthus root-inducing powder is by plant growth regulator NAA(methyl α-naphthyl acetate) and IBA(indolebutyric acid) be evenly blended in talcum powder formulatedly, the concentration of its NAA is that the concentration of 200ppm, IBA is 100ppm;
2. the sunshade net that is 30% at cuttage temperature outdoor mounted shading rate, closed cutting greenhouse, by high pressure atomizing, keeping cuttage temperature indoor air relative humidity is 80%～95%, temperature, at 20 ℃～25 ℃, is passed through CO
2fertilising keeps the indoor CO of cuttage
2concentration is 600ppm～800ppm, and cuttage seeding is transplanted after taking root in cut-flower production greenhouse, transplants that within 1 week, to keep the light transmittance in cut-flower production greenhouse be 50%, manages afterwards by the conventional cultivation management of Lisianthus.
Step (1) 1. described matrix is that broken haydite and peat are by volume for the ratio of 3:1 mixes.
The cutting length that step (1) 2. intercepted is 8cm ± 2cm.
Can also be 2. described after maternal plant 6 leaf one heart stage pinching in step (1), until newly growing one-level lateral bud, be that 4 leaves carry out pinching for the second time wholeheartedly time, with delay, adopt the bud time, increase and adopt bud number, three grades of lateral buds that grow on secondary lateral bud grow to 8 leaves wholeheartedly time, with the cutter intercepting of sterilization, containing the cutting wholeheartedly of 4～6 leaves, after intercepting cutting, maternal lateral bud base portion retains 1～2 pair of blade.
Step (2) 2. described cuttage seeding is transplanted in cut-flower production greenhouse and the seedling carrying substrates of taking root can also be transplanted together in cut-flower production greenhouse after taking root.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the inventive method is at airtight micro-mist, Temperature and Humidity Control, plant growth regulator and CO for temperature indoor comprehensive
2the technological means such as fertilising have significantly reduced old complaint rate and the sick leaf rate of Lisianthus, promoted Lisianthus rooting of cuttings, shortened seedling raise period and breeding time, overcome normal cutting propagation Lisianthus rooting rate low, the serious problems of disease such as rooting rate is slow, blade yellow, rotten leaf, rotten.Rootage duration was at 23 days～25 days, nursery stage is 25～30 days, and rooting rate is more than 92%, and planting percent is more than 87%, compare with normal cutting propagation breeding, nursery stage has shortened 10-15 days, shortens 25%～37.5%, and rooting rate has improved 73.6%～79.2%, old complaint rate reduces 85.4%～91.7%, sick leaf rate reduces 76.5%～85.3%, and planting percent improves 200%～217%, has produced unforeseeable technique effect.Having solved cottage propagation routinely exists Lisianthus easily to infect the technical problem that leaf portion and root disease, rooting rate are low, be difficult to form commercialization seedling.
2, the inventive method is compared with seed propagation method, nursery stage and the breeding time (reduction in the life period 33.3%～34.4%) of Lisianthus have significantly been shortened, overcome Lisianthus because of seed tiny, nursery stage is long, the slow-footed shortcoming of early growth, has significantly shortened the nursery stage of Lisianthus, and growing-seedling period tapers to 25～30 days in 2～3 months by seed seedling-raising, growing-seedling period has shortened 58.3%～66.6%, has produced unforeseeable technique effect.Because the cottage propagation of the present invention cycle is short, seedling production cost is far below import seed seedling.
3, with the inventive method cuttage seeding seedling individuality, be greater than seed seedling, pinching planting type is exempted from employing can shorten cut-flower production cycle 2-4 week, and to economizing the land resource, reducing, labour drops into and capital goods in the agricultural sector drop into significant.
4, the inventive method cottage propagation can be for accelerating breeding process, and making to cultivate Clonal Cultivar becomes possibility, thereby can create more designs and varieties type.
5, Lisianthus late maturing variety cut-flower quality is high, but breeding time is long, easily produces lotus throne and growth retardation, and with the inventive method cottage propagation, can reduce the generation of lotus throne, enhances productivity.
6, the inventive method is workable, is suitable for commercialization, biological control Lisianthus, has application value.
Embodiment
For the present invention is described better, provide embodiments of the invention below.
Embodiment 1 the inventive method
The cuttage breeding method of Lisianthus, comprises the following steps:
(1) maternal plant is cultivated in Lisianthus substrate culture:
1. in female parent is cultivated greenhouse, the seedling of the holy sword white background of field planting Lisianthus kind purple boundary is in the matrix that broken haydite and peat mix for the ratio of 3:1 by volume, and greenhouse is provided with shading system and the fly net of the black system of screening, 30% shading rate.Control duration of day every day is no more than 13 hours.Take 25 ℃ daytime as Optimal Control target, keep warm indoor temperature between 20 ℃～30 ℃, take 16 ℃ night as target, maintain the temperature between 14 ℃～18 ℃; Daytime, relative air humidity was between 50%～75%, and night, relative air humidity was between 70～85%.By prior art, carry out fertigation and regularly prevent and treat the diseases such as the insect pests such as trialeurodes vaporariorum, thrips, liriomyza bryoniae and gray mold, downy mildew.
2. in maternal plant 6 leaf one heart stage pinching, promote one-level lateral bud to sprout evil, until one-level lateral bud, grow up to 8 leaves wholeheartedly time, with sterilization, with the intercepting of scale cutter, contain the cutting wholeheartedly of 4～6 leaves, after intercepting cutting, maternal base portion retains 1-2 to blade, and the length of cutting is 8cm ± 2cm;
(2) cottage propagation of Lisianthus:
1. in cuttage greenhouse, the cutting of the holy sword white background of Lisianthus kind purple boundary intercepting is dipped after Lisianthus root-inducing powder, cuttage in seedling culture hole plate, the matrix in seedling culture hole plate by peat and perlite by volume for the ratio of 1:1 mixes; Described Lisianthus root-inducing powder is formulated by being evenly mixed in talcum powder containing plant growth regulator NAA and IBA, and the concentration of its NAA is that the concentration of 200ppm, IBA is 100ppm;
2. closed cutting greenhouse, use the external sunshade (sunshade net that is 30% at cuttage temperature outdoor mounted shading rate) that shading rate is 30%, adopt high pressure atomizing equipment, keeping cuttage temperature indoor air relative humidity is between 80%～95%, temperature, at 20 ℃～25 ℃, is used CO
2fertilizer applicator keeps the indoor CO of cuttage
2concentration is between 600ppm～800ppm, and after cuttage seeding is taken root, the seedling carrying substrates of taking root is transplanted together in cut-flower production greenhouse, transplants that within 1 week, to keep the light transmittance in cut-flower production greenhouse be 50%, afterwards, by the conventional cultivation management of Lisianthus, manages.Its effect is in Table 1.
Embodiment 2 the inventive method
Embodiment 2 is except following measures difference, and all the other operation measures are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.
Lisianthus soil cultivation is cultivated maternal:
At female parent, cultivate in greenhouse, arrange out 100cm wide, the moisture in the soil face that 20cm is high, by the planting seedlings of the holy sword white background of Lisianthus kind purple boundary in the content of organic matter more than 4%, drainability, in the soil of good permeability, according to the nutritional requirement of Lisianthus soil cultivation, adopt plastic mulching to cultivate in conjunction with under-film drip irrigation.Its effect is in Table 1.
Embodiment 3 the inventive method
Embodiment 3 is different except following measures, and all the other operation measures are identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more.
Can also be 2. described after maternal plant 6 leaf one heart stage pinching in step (1), until newly growing one-level lateral bud, be that 4 leaves carry out pinching for the second time wholeheartedly time, with delay, adopt the bud time, increase and adopt bud number, three grades of lateral buds that grow on secondary lateral bud grow to 8 leaves wholeheartedly time, with the cutter intercepting of sterilization, containing the cutting wholeheartedly of 4～6 leaves, after intercepting cutting, maternal lateral bud base portion retains 1～2 pair of blade.Its effect is in Table 1.
Contrast: adopt conventional plant cuttage breeding method cuttage Lisianthus, key step is: the temp. and humidity change condition producing by gravity-flow ventilation in booth manages, under the condition that does not have short-day to process, produce maternal, the cutting of gathering is placed on cuttage root-taking under booth internal spraying and water spray condition, the drop that spraying produces is larger, between 0.1-3 millimeter.Greenhouse gravity-flow ventilation or airtight.
Table 1 embodiment 1-embodiment 3 and the application form that contrasts cottage propagation
| T | Rootage duration | Rooting rate | Old complaint rate | Sick leaf rate | Planting percent |
| Contrast | 35 days | 53％ | 48％ | 34％ | 29％ |
| Embodiment | 23 days | 95％ | 4％ | 5％ | 92％ |
| Embodiment 2 | 25 days | 92％ | 7％ | 8％ | 87％ |
| Embodiment 3 | 24 days | 93％ | 5％ | 6％ | 90％ |
Compare with normal cutting propagation propagation method (contrast), in embodiment 1-embodiment 3, the rootage duration of Lisianthus cottage propagation was at 23 days～25 days, nursery stage is 25～30 days, rooting rate is more than 92%, planting percent is more than 87%, and the rootage duration of contrast 35 days, nursery stage is 40 days, rooting rate is 53% left and right, and planting percent is only 29% left and right.The inventive method is compared with conventional plant cuttage breeding method, rootage duration shortened 10 days～and 12 days, nursery stage has shortened 10-15 days, shorten 25%～37.5%, rooting rate has improved 73.6%～79.2%, and old complaint rate reduces 85.4%～91.7%, and sick leaf rate reduces 76.5%～85.3%, planting percent improves 200%～217%, has produced unforeseeable technique effect.The inventive method has solved cottage propagation routinely and has existed Lisianthus easily to infect the technical problem that leaf portion and root disease, rooting rate are low, be difficult to form commercialization seedling, and the cuttage breeding method of a kind of suitable Lisianthus scale Fast-propagation and production is provided.
Compare with seed propagation method, embodiment 1-embodiment 3 nursery stages only need 25～30 days, from transplanted seedling field planting, to blooming, only need 80～130 days, from cuttage to the whole breeding time of blooming be 105 days～160 days, and seed propagation method nursery stage reaches 60～90 days, from being seeded into the whole breeding time of blooming, it is 160～240 days, the inventive method has significantly shortened nursery stage and the breeding time (reduction in the life period 33.3%～34.4%) of Lisianthus, overcome Lisianthus because of seed tiny, nursery stage is long, the slow-footed shortcoming of early growth, growing-seedling period tapers to 25～30 days in 2～3 months by seed seedling-raising, growing-seedling period has shortened 58.3%～66.6%, produced obvious technique effect.Because the cottage propagation of the present invention cycle is short, seedling production cost is far below import seed seedling.
Claims (5)
1. the cuttage breeding method of Lisianthus, comprises the following steps:
(1) Lisianthus is adopted the cultivation of fringe maternal plant:
1. in maternal production greenhouse, by Lisianthus Seeding planting, in soil or soilless culture substrate, maternal temperature in daytime of cultivating greenhouse keeps 20 ℃～30 ℃, and night, temperature kept 13 ℃～18 ℃, daytime, relative air humidity was 50%～75%, and night, relative air humidity was 70%～85%; The black system that hides is installed in the maternal greenhouse of cultivating, and keeps the duration of day to be no more than 13 hours in the anniversary;
2. in maternal plant 6 leaf one heart stage pinching, until one-level lateral bud, grow to 8 leaves wholeheartedly time, with the cutter intercepting of sterilization, containing the cutting wholeheartedly of 4～6 leaves, after intercepting cutting, maternal lateral bud base portion retains 1～2 pair of blade;
(2) cottage propagation of Lisianthus:
1. in cuttage greenhouse, the cutting of intercepting is dipped in after Lisianthus root-inducing powder, cuttage is in seedling culture hole plate, and the matrix of seedling culture hole plate is by peat: the ratio that perlitic volume ratio is 1:1 mixes; Described Lisianthus root-inducing powder is evenly blended in talcum powder formulated by plant growth regulator NAA and IBA, the concentration of its NAA is that the concentration of 200ppm, IBA is 100ppm;
2. the sunshade net that is 30% at cuttage temperature outdoor mounted shading rate, closed cutting greenhouse, keeping cuttage temperature indoor air relative humidity is 80%～95%, temperature, at 20 ℃～25 ℃, is passed through CO
2fertilising keeps the CO in cuttage greenhouse
2concentration is 600ppm～800ppm, and cuttage seeding is transplanted after taking root in cut-flower production greenhouse, transplants that within 1 week, to keep the light transmittance in cut-flower production greenhouse be 50%, manages afterwards by the conventional cultivation management of Lisianthus.
2. the cuttage breeding method of Lisianthus according to claim 1, step (1) 1. described matrix is that broken haydite and peat are by volume for the ratio of 3:1 mixes.
3. the cuttage breeding method of Lisianthus according to claim 1, the cutting length that step (1) 2. intercepted is 8cm ± 2cm.
4. the cuttage breeding method of Lisianthus according to claim 1,2. described after maternal plant 6 leaf one heart stage pinching in step (1), until newly growing one-level lateral bud, be that 4 leaves carry out pinching for the second time wholeheartedly time, three grades of lateral buds that grow until secondary lateral bud grow to 8 leaves wholeheartedly time, with the cutter intercepting of sterilization, containing the cutting wholeheartedly of 4～6 leaves, after intercepting cutting, maternal lateral bud base portion retains 1～2 pair of blade.
5. according to the cuttage breeding method of the Lisianthus described in claim 1 to 4 any one, step (2) 2. described cuttage seeding after taking root, to transplant in cut-flower production greenhouse be that the seedling carrying substrates of taking root is transplanted together in cut-flower production greenhouse.
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| CN104380943B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-04-13 | 云南集创园艺科技有限公司 | Encrinite blade atomizing cuttage rapid propagating method |
| CN104737753B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2018-08-24 | 东阳市特意新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Lisianthus |
| CN104737754B (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method improving Fructus Ananadis comosi Sakyamuni cutting seedling survival rate |
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| CN106258460A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | The greenhouse potted dwarf method of Lisianthus cutting flower variety |
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| CN107466825A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-15 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of babysbreath, forget-me-not, the cultivation management and packing method of sweet heart's grass seeds seedling |
| CN108575666A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-28 | 徐永艳 | A kind of optimization of C/C composites of Lisianthus soilless culture lightweight matrix |
| CN115088489A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-23 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Eustoma russellianum vegetative propagation seedling method |
| CN115462303A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-13 | 北京恒丰亚业科技发展有限公司 | Seedling raising method for gramineous plants |
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