CN105638412B - A kind of orchid cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of orchid cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638412B CN105638412B CN201610010805.3A CN201610010805A CN105638412B CN 105638412 B CN105638412 B CN 105638412B CN 201610010805 A CN201610010805 A CN 201610010805A CN 105638412 B CN105638412 B CN 105638412B
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- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011169 microbiological contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000017375 Brosimum guianense Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000985650 Brosimum guianense Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010204 pine bark Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of orchid cultural method, by tissue-culture container seedling in hardening matrix hardening, cultivated 1 year or more, obtain middle seedlings, then the plant of middle seedlings is cultivated in cultivation matrix and obtains orchid seedling.Cultural method provided by the invention and matrix have the advantages that good water conservation, fertilizer conservation, moisturizing；Using cleaning, it is not likely to produce germ, guarantees seedling well-grown, is conducive to the growth of orchid；It is made using agricultural wastes, ecological, environmental protective, save the cost.Matrix of the present invention improves orchid training tissue culture seedling survival rate, and transplanting survival rate reaches 95% or more, and the speed of growth is fast, starts within 30 days or so to send out new root, long young leaves.The growth of seedlings in promotion, improves the uniformity of seedling, blooms ahead of time, and potting is best in quality, reduces production cost.With with short production cycle, production cost is low, ventilative water permeability is good, and collection is facilitated to transport；Effective use agricultural wastes can reduce the felling to forest, protect environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of orchid cultural methods, belong to orchid cultivation matrix technical field.
Background technique
Orchid is traditional famous flower of China, and China is distinctive to plant with higher ornamental and economic value perennial herb
Object is one of the 10 famous flowers of China, and is one of big famous flower in Yunnan eight.Chinese always orchid regard as it is noble and unsullied it is elegant as
Sign, and side by side with " plum, bamboo, chrysanthemum ", it is collectively referred to as " four gentleman ".
Existing more than 2,000 years history of Chinese cultivated orchid.Orchid happiness yin, is afraid of direct sunlight；Hygrophilous profit, avoids drying；It is fertilizer favorite
It irrigates, be rich in a large amount of humus；The environment of suitable air circulation.Orchid in nature is often grown in toward the north or northwesterly, northeast
It is shady and cool moist and there is broad-leaf forest to shade hillside on, since a large amount of rotted leaf falls in native table, soil nutrient is abundant and loose does not accumulate
Water, ventilating air permeability is good, is conducive to the growth of orchid.The root of orchid is coarse fleshy root, fertilizer favorite fertile, loose ventilative
And well-drained soil, orchid introduces a fine variety carry out facility cultivation, is planted in basin alms bowl, if drainage performance is bad to easily cause root
System rots, and therefore, for orchid, the selection of cultivation matrix is extremely important.Research orchid cultivation matrix has
The development cultivated conducive to the productionization of orchid, the marketization, agricultural facility.Promote orchid industry to develop in a healthy way, improves the product of orchid
Matter forms industrial system for China's orchid industry, and standardized production lays the foundation.
Currently, orchid cultivation matrix, based on pine bark, there are also blue stone, vermiculite, letterwood, sphagna, perlites etc..Pine tree
As non-renewable resources, resource is reduced, and expensive, growth cycle is long, and spatial distribution is uneven, such as a large amount of for skin, letterwood, water platform
Production, can also cause very big negative effect to environment, be unfavorable for the development of orchid industry in terms of economic cost and environmental protection.
The root of orchid is fleshy root, if permeable breathable is bad, is unfavorable for the growth of orchid.Therefore, the cultural method of orchid is studied, it is first
Novel cultivation matrix should be first researched and developed, cheap soilless cultivation surrogate matrix is developed and has great importance.Not only have it economical
Benefit more has the great value of environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
There are permeable breathables to solve existing orchid cultivation matrix, and bad, economic cost and Environmental costs height etc. are asked
Topic, the present invention provide a kind of orchid cultural method, can improve orchid training tissue culture seedling survival rate, improve the growth uniformity of seedling,
Stalwartness, potting is best in quality, reduces production cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of orchid cultural method, by following each step:
A, the hardening of tissue-culture container seedling: by the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid bottle outlet it is preposition in cultivation area tame 10~15 days, with
Adapt to the light and temperature condition of cultivation area；The process must not open bottle cap, avoid microbiological contamination as far as possible；Tissue-culture container seedling whole year can transplant,
Most suitable is 3~April；When taking tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, it should be avoided and injure root, clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, after
Transplanted again after complete stool impregnates 10min to being placed on cultivation area with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800~1000 times of liquid
Hardening matrix carries out hardening 3 months；Period reinforces ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time；When plant send out new root, take out sprouting,
When plant height increases by 1~2cm, tissue-cultured seedling has been survived, and hardening high survival rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%；
B, seedling is cultivated: tissue-cultured seedling after hardening obtained by step A being pressed every plant of 0.7~1.5g, application every half a year is primary effective
The solid slow-release fertilizer that ingredient N:P:K is 30:10:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 200~400 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer for every 7 days, such as
This cultivation 1 year or more, obtain the middle seedlings of 15~20cm of plant height；
C, seedlings plant in 1 year or more obtained by step B the transplanting of middle seedlings: is placed in following item in cultivation matrix
In the greenhouse of part: 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~20 DEG C of night, 8000~10000lx of illumination condition, relative air humidity is wet
Degree 80~90%；It is 12000~20000lx that illumination to illumination condition is gradually increased after 7 days, and presses every plant of 3~5g, is applied every half a year
The solid slow-release fertilizer for being 10:30:10 with an effective component N:P:K, in conjunction with watering, and sprays a liquid fertilizer 200 every two weeks
~400 times of liquid cultivate 1~2 year so to get orchid seedling is arrived.
The hardening matrix of the step A is grouped as by the group of following mass parts:
3 parts of bark, 2 parts of vermiculite, 2 parts of peanut shell, 1 part of cake fertilizer.
The partial size of the vermiculite and peanut shell is 0.3cm.
The partial size of the bark is 0.5cm.
The cultivation matrix of the step C is grouped as by the group of following mass parts:
3 parts of cedar sawdust, 3 parts of peanut shell, 1 part of Lan Shi, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of pine needle, 1 part of rotted leaf, 0.5 part of cake fertilizer.
The partial size of the cedar sawdust is 0.5cm.
The peanut shell, Lan Shi, vermiculite partial size be 0.5~1cm.
The pine needle, rotted leaf partial size be 0.3~0.5cm.
The cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after residue made of pie fertilizer, used after fermentation, using preceding by cake
It is 0.3~0.5cm that fertilizer, which is crushed to partial size,.
Above-mentioned hardening matrix and cultivation matrix are first rinsed with clear water, to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix are made sufficiently to absorb water,
Using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, use after cooling.
The liquid fertilizer is in every liter of liquid fertilizer containing 25~30g of N, 15~20g of phosphoric anhydride, 15~20g of potassium oxide, calcium oxide 1
~2g, 0.3~0.8g of magnesia, 4~6g of S, 0.2~1g of microelement, solvent are water.
The invention has the following advantages that
1, the present invention constitutes the main component of composite interstitial substance using peanut shell, since peanut shell is from cultivation matrix
The characteristics such as agricultural product castoff, peanut shell porosity are big and chitin is light, have the effect that with short production cycle, from a wealth of sources, valence
Lattice can cheaply substantially reduce production cost compared with traditional bark, and ventilative water permeability is good, be conducive to the growth of orchid；It is convenient
Collect transport；Effective use agricultural wastes can reduce the felling to forest, protect environment.
2, cedar sawdust is used in cultivation matrix of the invention, can be collected the obsolete material of exploitation China fir, be made full use of money
Source contains aromatic substance in cedar sawdust, effectively prevent the growth of bacterium；
3, it can be collected in nature in cultivation matrix component of the invention containing pine needle, rotted leaf, containing there are many battalion
It supports element and micro mine element, slow release provides nutrient for orchid；
4, the cake fertilizer of cultivation matrix component of the invention mixing is pie fertilizer made of the residue after soybean and vegetable seed oil expression
Material, cake fertilizer contain 75~78% organic matter, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and microelement rich in promote the growth of orchid；
5, the blue stone and vermiculite of cultivation matrix component mixing of the present invention, increases the permeable breathable of matrix, solves ponding and leads
Rotten problem is caused, moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping is conducive to the growth of orchid.
6, method and matrix provided by the invention have the advantages that good water conservation, fertilizer conservation, moisturizing.Using cleaning, it is not easy
Germ is generated, guarantees seedling well-grown, is conducive to the growth of orchid.Be made using agricultural wastes, ecological, environmental protective, save at
This.Matrix of the present invention improves orchid training tissue culture seedling survival rate, and transplanting survival rate reaches 95% or more, and the speed of growth is fast, 30 days left sides
It is right to start to send out new root, long young leaves.The growth of seedlings in promotion, improves the uniformity of seedling, blooms ahead of time, and potting is best in quality, drop
Low production cost.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, and however, it is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A, the hardening of tissue-culture container seedling: the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is preposition in cultivation area domestication 10 days in bottle outlet, to adapt to
The light and temperature condition of cultivation area；The process must not open bottle cap, avoid microbiological contamination as far as possible；Tissue-culture container seedling whole year can transplant, most suitable
For 3~April；When taking tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, it should be avoided and injure root, clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, afterwards with 50%
800 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder carry out complete stools impregnate transplanted after 10min again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area into
Row hardening 3 months；Period reinforces ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time；When plant send out new root, take out sprouting, plant height increase by 1~
When 2cm, tissue-cultured seedling has been survived, and hardening high survival rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%；
Wherein, hardening matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 3 parts of the bark that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size 0.3cm
2 parts of vermiculite, partial size be 0.3cm 1 part of 2 parts of peanut shell, cake fertilizer；Cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after residue made of cake
Shape fertilizer uses after fermentation, and cake fertilizer is crushed to partial size as 0.3~0.5cm using preceding；Hardening matrix is first rinsed with clear water, with
Residue and dirt mud are removed, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, is used after cooling；
B, seedling is cultivated: tissue-cultured seedling after hardening obtained by step A is pressed into every plant of 0.7g, applies an effective component N every half a year:
The solid slow-release fertilizer that P:K is 30:10:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 200 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer for every 7 days, so cultivates 1 year
More than, obtain the middle seedlings of 15~20cm of plant height；Wherein, liquid fertilizer is 25g containing N in every liter of liquid fertilizer, phosphoric anhydride 15g, potassium oxide
15g, calcium oxide 1g, magnesia 0.3g, S 4g, microelement 0.2g, solvent is water；
C, seedlings plant in 1 year or more obtained by step B the transplanting of middle seedlings: is placed in following item in cultivation matrix
In the greenhouse of part: 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~20 DEG C of night, 8000~10000lx of illumination condition, relative air humidity is wet
Degree 80~90%；
Wherein, cultivation matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 3 parts of the cedar sawdust that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size 0.5
1 part of vermiculite that 1 part of blue stone that 3 parts of peanut shell, the partial size of~1cm is 0.5~1cm, partial size are 0.5~1cm, partial size be 0.3~
2 parts of the pine needle of 0.5cm, 0.5 part of 1 part of rotted leaf, the cake fertilizer that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm；Cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after it is residual
Pie fertilizer made of slag uses after fermentation, and cake fertilizer is crushed to partial size as 0.3~0.5cm using preceding；Cultivation matrix is first used clearly
Water rinses, and to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, used after cooling；
It is 12000~20000lx that illumination to illumination condition is gradually increased after 7 days, and presses every plant of 3g, and every half a year, application was primary
The solid slow-release fertilizer that effective component N:P:K is 10:30:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 200 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer, such as every two weeks
This cultivates 1~2 year to get orchid seedling is arrived.Wherein, liquid fertilizer is 25g containing N in every liter of liquid fertilizer, phosphoric anhydride 15g, potassium oxide
15g, calcium oxide 1g, magnesia 0.3g, S 4g, microelement 0.2g, solvent is water.
Embodiment 2
A, the hardening of tissue-culture container seedling: the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is preposition in cultivation area domestication 12 days in bottle outlet, to adapt to
The light and temperature condition of cultivation area；The process must not open bottle cap, avoid microbiological contamination as far as possible；Tissue-culture container seedling whole year can transplant, most suitable
For 3~April；When taking tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, it should be avoided and injure root, clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, afterwards with 50%
900 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder carry out complete stools impregnate transplanted after 10min again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area into
Row hardening 3 months；Period reinforces ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time；When plant send out new root, take out sprouting, plant height increase by 1~
When 2cm, tissue-cultured seedling has been survived, and hardening high survival rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%；
Wherein, hardening matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 3 parts of the bark that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size 0.3cm
2 parts of vermiculite, partial size be 0.3cm 1 part of 2 parts of peanut shell, cake fertilizer；Cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after residue made of cake
Shape fertilizer uses after fermentation, and cake fertilizer is crushed to partial size as 0.3~0.5cm using preceding；Hardening matrix is first rinsed with clear water, with
Residue and dirt mud are removed, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, is used after cooling；
B, seedling is cultivated: tissue-cultured seedling after hardening obtained by step A is pressed into every plant of 1g, applies an effective component N:P every half a year:
K be 30:10:10 solid slow-release fertilizer, in conjunction with watering, and spray within every 7 days 300 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer, so cultivate 1 year with
On, obtain the middle seedlings of 15~20cm of plant height；Wherein, liquid fertilizer is 27.6g containing N in every liter of liquid fertilizer, phosphoric anhydride 17.7g, oxidation
Potassium 17.5g, calcium oxide 1.5g, magnesia 0.5g, S 4.5g, microelement 0.8g, solvent is water；
C, seedlings plant in 1 year or more obtained by step B the transplanting of middle seedlings: is placed in following item in cultivation matrix
In the greenhouse of part: 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~20 DEG C of night, 8000~10000lx of illumination condition, relative air humidity is wet
Degree 80~90%；
Wherein, cultivation matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 3 parts of the cedar sawdust that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size 0.5
1 part of vermiculite that 1 part of blue stone that 3 parts of peanut shell, the partial size of~1cm is 0.5~1cm, partial size are 0.5~1cm, partial size be 0.3~
2 parts of the pine needle of 0.5cm, 0.5 part of 1 part of rotted leaf, the cake fertilizer that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm；Cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after it is residual
Pie fertilizer made of slag uses after fermentation, and cake fertilizer is crushed to partial size as 0.3~0.5cm using preceding；Cultivation matrix is first used clearly
Water rinses, and to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, used after cooling；
It is 12000~20000lx that illumination to illumination condition is gradually increased after 7 days, and presses every plant of 4g, and every half a year, application was primary
The solid slow-release fertilizer that effective component N:P:K is 10:30:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 300 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer, such as every two weeks
This cultivates 1~2 year to get orchid seedling is arrived.Wherein, liquid fertilizer is 27.6g containing N in every liter of liquid fertilizer, phosphoric anhydride 17.7g, oxidation
Potassium 17.5g, calcium oxide 1.5g, magnesia 0.5g, S 4.5g, microelement 0.8g, solvent is water.
Embodiment 3
A, the hardening of tissue-culture container seedling: the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is preposition in cultivation area domestication 15 days in bottle outlet, to adapt to
The light and temperature condition of cultivation area；The process must not open bottle cap, avoid microbiological contamination as far as possible；Tissue-culture container seedling whole year can transplant, most suitable
For 3~April；When taking tissue-culture container seedling with tweezers, it should be avoided and injure root, clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, afterwards with 50%
1000 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder carry out complete stools impregnate transplanted after 10min again to the hardening matrix being placed on cultivation area into
Row hardening 3 months；Period reinforces ventilation, shortens the blade face moisture retention time；When plant send out new root, take out sprouting, plant height increase by 1~
When 2cm, tissue-cultured seedling has been survived, and hardening high survival rate of the present invention is up to 96.3%；
Wherein, hardening matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 3 parts of the bark that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size 0.3cm
2 parts of vermiculite, partial size be 0.3cm 1 part of 2 parts of peanut shell, cake fertilizer；Cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after residue made of cake
Shape fertilizer uses after fermentation, and cake fertilizer is crushed to partial size as 0.3~0.5cm using preceding；Hardening matrix is first rinsed with clear water, with
Residue and dirt mud are removed, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, is used after cooling；
B, seedling is cultivated: tissue-cultured seedling after hardening obtained by step A is pressed into every plant of 1.5g, applies an effective component N every half a year:
The solid slow-release fertilizer that P:K is 30:10:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 400 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer for every 7 days, so cultivates 1 year
More than, obtain the middle seedlings of 15~20cm of plant height；Wherein, liquid fertilizer is 30g containing N in every liter of liquid fertilizer, phosphoric anhydride 20g, potassium oxide
20g, calcium oxide 2g, magnesia 0.8g, S 6g, microelement 1g, solvent is water；
C, seedlings plant in 1 year or more obtained by step B the transplanting of middle seedlings: is placed in following item in cultivation matrix
In the greenhouse of part: 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~20 DEG C of night, 8000~10000lx of illumination condition, relative air humidity is wet
Degree 80~90%；
Wherein, cultivation matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 3 parts of the cedar sawdust that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size 0.5
1 part of vermiculite that 1 part of blue stone that 3 parts of peanut shell, the partial size of~1cm is 0.5~1cm, partial size are 0.5~1cm, partial size be 0.3~
2 parts of the pine needle of 0.5cm, 0.5 part of 1 part of rotted leaf, the cake fertilizer that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm；Cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after it is residual
Pie fertilizer made of slag uses after fermentation, and cake fertilizer is crushed to partial size as 0.3~0.5cm using preceding；Cultivation matrix is first used clearly
Water rinses, and to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, used after cooling；
It is 12000~20000lx that illumination to illumination condition is gradually increased after 7 days, and presses every plant of 5g, and every half a year, application was primary
The solid slow-release fertilizer that effective component N:P:K is 10:30:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 400 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer, such as every two weeks
This cultivates 1~2 year to get orchid seedling is arrived.Wherein, liquid fertilizer is 30g containing N in every liter of liquid fertilizer, phosphoric anhydride 20g, potassium oxide
20g, calcium oxide 2g, magnesia 0.8g, S 6g, microelement 1g, solvent is water.
Above-described embodiment is used for the cultivation of orchid " purple element ", tissue-cultured seedling and middle seedlings growing state to be as follows:
1, the growing state of tissue-cultured seedling obtained by step A see the table below:
2, the growing state after the middle tree transplanted of step C see the table below:
Note: " +++ " indicates leaf dark green, and growing way is good, no yellow leaf；
By before transplanting and after plant to survival rate of plant, hair seedling rate, plant height, radical, root long, the newly-increased number of blade, leaf it is long,
Leaf width and growing way comparison discovery for statistical analysis, method provided by the invention and corresponding matrix can make plant growing way good, blade
Dark green, indices are higher.In conclusion method of the invention is conducive to the growth of orchid, growth is very fast, high survival rate,
Environmental protection and saving resource；Matrix has many advantages, such as loose ventilative, and drainage is good, is suitable for orchid productionization cultivation.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of orchid cultural method, it is characterised in that pass through following each step:
A, the hardening of tissue-culture container seedling: the tissue-culture container seedling of orchid is preposition in cultivation area domestication 10~15 days in bottle outlet, to adapt to
The light and temperature condition of cultivation area；Clean plant surface with clean water after taking-up, it is rear with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800~
1000 times of liquid transplanted again after complete stool impregnates 10min to the hardening matrix progress being placed on cultivation area hardening 3 months；Hardening
Matrix is grouped as by the group of following mass parts: 2 parts of vermiculite that 3 parts of the bark that partial size is 0.5cm, partial size are 0.3cm, partial size are
2 parts of the peanut shell of 0.3cm, 1 part of cake fertilizer that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm；
B, seedling is cultivated: tissue-cultured seedling after hardening obtained by step A being pressed every plant of 0.7~1.5g, applies an effective component every half a year
The solid slow-release fertilizer that N:P:K is 30:10:10, in conjunction with watering, and sprays 200~400 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer for every 7 days, so trains
It educates 1 year or more, obtains middle seedlings；
C, the transplanting of middle seedlings: seedlings in 1 year or more obtained by step B are transplanted in cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is by following matter
The group of amount part is grouped as:
Partial size is 3 parts of cedar sawdust of 0.5cm,
The vermiculite 1 that 1 part of blue stone that 3 parts of the peanut shell that partial size is 0.5~1cm, partial size are 0.5~1cm, partial size are 0.5~1cm
Part；
1 part of rotted leaf that 2 parts of the pine needle that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm, partial size are 0.3~0.5cm；
Partial size is 0.5 part of cake fertilizer of 0.3~0.5cm；
It is placed in the greenhouse of following condition: 25~28 DEG C of day temperature, 15~20 DEG C of night, illumination condition 8000~
10000lx, relative air humidity 80~90%；It is 12000~20000lx that illumination to illumination condition is gradually increased after 7 days, and is pressed
Every plant of 3~5g applies the solid slow-release fertilizer that an effective component N:P:K is 10:30:10 every half a year, in conjunction with watering, and every two weeks
200~400 times of liquid of a liquid fertilizer are sprayed, cultivate 1~2 year so to get orchid seedling is arrived.
2. orchid cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the liquid fertilizer is in every liter of liquid fertilizer containing N
25~30g, 15~20g of phosphoric anhydride, 15~20g of potassium oxide, 1~2g of calcium oxide, 0.3~0.8g of magnesia, 4~6g of S, micro member
0.2~1g of element, solvent is water.
3. orchid cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cake fertilizer be soybean and vegetable seed oil expression after
Pie fertilizer made of residue uses after fermentation.
4. orchid cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hardening matrix or cultivation matrix are first used clearly
Water rinses, and to remove residue and dirt mud, and matrix is made sufficiently to absorb water, using 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, used after cooling.
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| CN106069662A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of propagation by division method of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. |
| CN106613070A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-05-10 | 柳州市盛鑫隆花卉种植专业合作社 | Method for cultivating wild orchid |
| CN106489496A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 广西鑫雅皇庭园林工程有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of orchid |
| CN106866211A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-20 | 郑金秀 | A kind of interior ornamental plant soil-less culturing nutrient material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106922512A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-07 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | A kind of orchid cultural method |
| CN107211669A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases |
| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
| CN107581015A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-16 | 柳州市绿盈庄花卉有限公司 | A kind of orchid fattens breeding method |
| CN108450291A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-28 | 黔西南州绿缘动植物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of pocket orchid cultivates matrix and its preparation method and application |
| CN110771486B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-03-01 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Seedling hardening method for tissue culture seedlings of hybrid orchid |
| CN112913625A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 连城县绿金花卉种植专业合作社 | High-survival-rate orchid cultivation method |
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