CN107211669A - A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211669A CN107211669A CN201710323319.1A CN201710323319A CN107211669A CN 107211669 A CN107211669 A CN 107211669A CN 201710323319 A CN201710323319 A CN 201710323319A CN 107211669 A CN107211669 A CN 107211669A
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- orchid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/002—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from fish or from fish-wastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is related to technical field of flower planting, comprises the following steps：（1）, prepare planting pot：Planting pot is selected, one layer of vermiculite granule is spread at basin bottom, the high cultivation matrix of selection gas permeability is laid on vermiculite granule layer；（2）, plant seedling：Disease-free, the healthy and strong orchid seedling of selection is planted into step（1）In middle planting pot；（3）, photo-irradiation treatment：After cultivation 7 ~ 8 weeks, do not occur the withered and yellow plant that survives to the small seedling leaf of orchid and carry out photo-irradiation treatment；（4）, water management；（5）, fertilizer management：After Orchis planting 10 ~ 35 days, the organic fertilizer once become thoroughly decomposed is imposed.The present invention can lift the quality of orchid, improve its survival rate, and effectively prevent and treat pest and disease damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of flower planting, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of raising orchid resistance against diseases.
Background technology
Orchid stem greenery, evergreen all the year round, leaf appearance is elegant graceful, and delicate fragrance of blooming is deep and remote remote, more because of noble and unsullied, elegant makings name
The hat of row all sorts of flowers, is that common people widely cultivate.Cultivated under artificial condition, select suitable cultivation matrix extremely important.Both at home and abroad
It is general by natural minerals, rural area soil, the simple substance of industrial or agricultural organic-inorganic discarded object or mixing, its base that material is planted for orchid cultivation
Originally possess the Fertility Characteristics that water, fertilizer, vapour, heat etc. are available for plant growth similar to natural soils.At present, the cultivation manually prepared
Matrix is also applied in orchid plant more and more, wherein conventional host material mainly has following several:Lan Shi, float stone,
Vermiculite, letterwood, haydite, clinker, charcoal, sphagna, bark, perlite, wood chip, flower mud, pine needle, rotted leaf, rice husk, coconut palm chaff, foam
Plastics or peat, these culture matrixes can provide orchid growth nutrient supply needs.But orchid often can be by growth course
The microorganisms such as disease fungus, bacterium and virus are caused harm, thus cause orchid produce rot, hair becomes rusty, dampinged off, withering, ulcer, charcoal
The symptoms such as subcutaneous ulcer, scab spot, spot, have a strong impact on growth and the quality of orchid, and existing Nostoc commune Vanch matrix itself does not have also
Effect of diseases prevention sterilization.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, the quality of orchid can be lifted,
Its survival rate is improved, and effectively prevents and treats pest and disease damage.
The invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, including following step
Suddenly：
（1）, prepare planting pot
The square basin body that selected depth is 15 ~ 20cm spreads the thick vermiculite granules of one layer of 1 ~ 2cm, selection at basin bottom as planting pot
The high cultivation matrix of gas permeability is laid on vermiculite granule layer, and laying depth is 5 ~ 8cm；
（2）, plant seedling
Disease-free, the healthy and strong orchid seedling of selection is planted into step（1）In middle planting pot, in surface layer overlay liver moss, liver moss is thick
Spend for 3 ~ 7cm, the flower stand that height is 40 ~ 50cm from the ground is set in greenhouse, planting pot is placed on flower stand；
（3）, photo-irradiation treatment
After cultivation 7 ~ 8 weeks, do not occur the withered and yellow plant that survives to the small seedling leaf of orchid and carry out photo-irradiation treatment, intensity of illumination control
For 1800~2000 luxs, the time is 20 ~ 24 DEG C to provide temperature control in 6 ~ 8h, greenhouse daily；
（4）, water management
Take rice washing water and well mixed be made of clear water to pour liquid filling, poured into during pouring from basin side, every 2 ~ 3 days of 4 ~ May poured once,
6 ~ September part is poured once daily, enters to keep basin soil moistening after autumn.
（5）, fertilizer management
After Orchis planting 10 ~ 35 days, the organic fertilizer once become thoroughly decomposed is imposed.
Wherein, the step（1）In cultivation matrix by weight include 10 ~ 20 parts of vermiculite, 10 ~ 20 parts of perlite,
5 ~ 10 parts of bark, 2 ~ 8 parts of peanut shell, 1 ~ 5 part of peat soil and suitable quantity of water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the cultivation matrix is：Peanut shell was put into water after 50 ~ 60min of boiling minutes and taken out,
Mixed after drying with vermiculite, perlite, bark and peat soil, be put into pulverizer and crush, taken out mixed material and add water stirring
It is mixed to get.
Wherein, the moisture control after the mixed material adds water is 10 ~ 15%.
Wherein, the step（4）The mass ratio of middle rice washing water and clear water is according to 1：2~1：5.
Wherein, the step（5）In organic fertilizer include by weight：10 ~ 20 parts of dead leaves, 10 ~ 20 parts of chicken manure, cigarette
Careless 5 ~ 10 parts of processing fent, 5 ~ 10 parts of fish products processing fent, 2 ~ 8 parts of stalk, 2 ~ 6 parts of Chinese medicine composition and EM bacterium solutions 10 ~
20 parts.
Wherein, the Chinese medicine composition by weight include 5 ~ 10 parts of kuh-seng, 2 ~ 6 parts of Chinese violet, 1 ~ 4 part of Chinese cassia tree,
0.8 ~ 1.2 part of 1 ~ 3 part of dried orange peel, 1 ~ 2 part of Cortex hibisus syriacus, 1 ~ 2 part of celastrus orbiculatus and wild pepper seed.
Wherein, the step（5）In also include apply foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is mixed by marine alga, stalk, turf and weathered coal
Conjunction is formed.
Wherein, the step（5）In to apply time of foliar fertilizer be plantation orchid after 1 ~ 2 month, sprinkling one in every 20 ~ 25 days
Secondary, blade face is dorsad sprayed during sprinkling.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The quality of orchid can be lifted, its survival rate is improved, and effectively prevents and treats pest and disease damage, is had
Body is as follows：
（1）, the organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed that imposes in the present invention long-acting and abundant N, P, K content, especially high level are provided
Potassium meets requirement of the orchid later stage to potassium demand, while improving the resistance against diseases of orchid；
（2）, the present invention in organic fertilizer Chinese medicine composition combination tobacco leftovers, can be to orchid root rot and cymbidium anthracnose
With good prevention effect, it is possible to kill worm ant；
（3）, cultivation matrix component is simple in the present invention, is easy to configuration, and meets the nutritional requirement in orchid cultivation for matrix,
It is i.e. environmentally friendly, orchid cultivation cost is saved again.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and without
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, comprises the following steps：
（1）, prepare planting pot
The square basin body that selected depth is 15cm spreads the thick vermiculite granules of one layer of 1cm at basin bottom, selects gas permeability as planting pot
High cultivation matrix is laid on vermiculite granule layer, and laying depth is 5cm；
（2）, plant seedling
Disease-free, the healthy and strong orchid seedling of selection is planted into step（1）In middle planting pot, in surface layer overlay liver moss, liver moss is thick
Spend for 3cm, the flower stand that height is 40cm from the ground is set in greenhouse, planting pot is placed on flower stand；
（3）, photo-irradiation treatment
Cultivate after 7 weeks, do not occur the withered and yellow plant that survives to the small seedling leaf of orchid and carry out photo-irradiation treatment, intensity of illumination control is
1800 luxs, the time is 20 DEG C to provide temperature control in 6h, greenhouse daily；
（4）, water management
Take rice washing water and well mixed be made of clear water to pour liquid filling, poured into during pouring from basin side, every 2 days of 4 ~ May poured once, 6 ~
September part is poured once daily, enters to keep basin soil moistening after autumn.
（5）, fertilizer management
After Orchis planting 10 days, the organic fertilizer once become thoroughly decomposed is imposed.
Wherein, the step（1）In cultivation matrix by weight include 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, bark 5
Part, 2 parts of peanut shell, 1 part of peat soil and suitable quantity of water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the cultivation matrix is：Peanut shell was put into water after boiling 50min minutes and taken out, is done
Mixed after dry with vermiculite, perlite, bark and peat soil, be put into pulverizer and crush, taking-up mixed material, which adds water, stirs mixed
Conjunction is obtained.
Wherein, the moisture control after the mixed material adds water is 10%.
Wherein, the step（4）The mass ratio of middle rice washing water and clear water is according to 1：2.
Wherein, the step（5）In organic fertilizer include by weight：10 parts of dead leaves, 10 parts of chicken manure, tobacco processing
10 parts of 5 parts of leftover bits and pieces, 5 parts of fish products processing fent, 2 parts of stalk, 2 parts of Chinese medicine composition and EM bacterium solutions.
Wherein, the Chinese medicine composition by weight include 5 parts of kuh-seng, 2 parts of Chinese violet, 1 part of Chinese cassia tree, 1 part of dried orange peel,
0.8 part of 1 part of Cortex hibisus syriacus, 1 part of celastrus orbiculatus and wild pepper seed.
Wherein, the step（5）In also include apply foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is mixed by marine alga, stalk, turf and weathered coal
Conjunction is formed.
Wherein, the step（5）In to apply time of foliar fertilizer be plantation orchid after 1 month, sprinkling in every 20 days once, sprinkling
When blade face dorsad spray.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, comprises the following steps：
（1）, prepare planting pot
The square basin body that selected depth is 20cm spreads the thick vermiculite granules of one layer of 2cm at basin bottom, selects gas permeability as planting pot
High cultivation matrix is laid on vermiculite granule layer, and laying depth is 8cm；
（2）, plant seedling
Disease-free, the healthy and strong orchid seedling of selection is planted into step（1）In middle planting pot, in surface layer overlay liver moss, liver moss is thick
Spend for 7cm, the flower stand that height is 50cm from the ground is set in greenhouse, planting pot is placed on flower stand；
（3）, photo-irradiation treatment
Cultivate after 8 weeks, do not occur the withered and yellow plant that survives to the small seedling leaf of orchid and carry out photo-irradiation treatment, intensity of illumination control is
2000 luxs, the time is 24 DEG C to provide temperature control in 8h, greenhouse daily；
（4）, water management
Take rice washing water and well mixed be made of clear water to pour liquid filling, poured into during pouring from basin side, every 3 days of May poured once, 9
Month pours once daily, enters to keep basin soil moistening after autumn.
（5）, fertilizer management
After Orchis planting 35 days, the organic fertilizer once become thoroughly decomposed is imposed.
Wherein, the step（1）In cultivation matrix by weight include 20 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of perlite, bark 10
Part, 8 parts of peanut shell, 5 parts of peat soil and suitable quantity of water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the cultivation matrix is：Peanut shell was put into water after boiling 60min minutes and taken out, is done
Mixed after dry with vermiculite, perlite, bark and peat soil, be put into pulverizer and crush, taking-up mixed material, which adds water, stirs mixed
Conjunction is obtained.
Wherein, the moisture control after the mixed material adds water is 15%.
Wherein, the step（4）The mass ratio of middle rice washing water and clear water is according to 1：5.
Wherein, the step（5）In organic fertilizer include by weight：20 parts of dead leaves, 20 parts of chicken manure, tobacco processing
20 parts of 10 parts of leftover bits and pieces, 10 parts of fish products processing fent, 8 parts of stalk, 6 parts of Chinese medicine composition and EM bacterium solutions.
Wherein, the Chinese medicine composition includes 10 parts of kuh-seng, 6 parts of Chinese violet, 4 parts of Chinese cassia tree, dried orange peel 3 by weight
1.2 parts of part, 2 parts of Cortex hibisus syriacus, 2 parts of celastrus orbiculatus and wild pepper seed.
Wherein, the step（5）In also include apply foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is mixed by marine alga, stalk, turf and weathered coal
Conjunction is formed.
Wherein, the step（5）In to apply time of foliar fertilizer be plantation orchid after 2 months, sprinkling in every 25 days once, sprinkling
When blade face dorsad spray.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, comprises the following steps：
（1）, prepare planting pot
The square basin body that selected depth is 17.5cm spreads the thick vermiculite granules of one layer of 1.5cm at basin bottom as planting pot, and selection is saturating
The high cultivation matrix of gas is laid on vermiculite granule layer, and laying depth is 6.5cm；
（2）, plant seedling
Disease-free, the healthy and strong orchid seedling of selection is planted into step（1）In middle planting pot, in surface layer overlay liver moss, liver moss is thick
Spend for 5cm, the flower stand that height is 45cm from the ground is set in greenhouse, planting pot is placed on flower stand；
（3）, photo-irradiation treatment
After cultivation 52 days, do not occur the withered and yellow plant that survives to the small seedling leaf of orchid and carry out photo-irradiation treatment, intensity of illumination control is
1900 luxs, the time is 22 DEG C to provide temperature control in 7h, greenhouse daily；
（4）, water management
Take rice washing water and well mixed be made of clear water to pour liquid filling, poured into during pouring from basin side, every two days of 4 ~ May poured once, 6
~ September part is poured once daily, enters to keep basin soil moistening after autumn.
（5）, fertilizer management
After Orchis planting 20 days, the organic fertilizer once become thoroughly decomposed is imposed.
Wherein, the step（1）In cultivation matrix by weight include 15 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of perlite, bark 7.5
Part, 5 parts of peanut shell, 3 parts of peat soil and suitable quantity of water.
Wherein, the preparation method of the cultivation matrix is：Peanut shell was put into water after boiling 55min minutes and taken out, is done
Mixed after dry with vermiculite, perlite, bark and peat soil, be put into pulverizer and crush, taking-up mixed material, which adds water, stirs mixed
Conjunction is obtained.
Wherein, the moisture control after the mixed material adds water is 12.5%.
Wherein, the step（4）The mass ratio of middle rice washing water and clear water is according to 1：4.
Wherein, the step（5）In organic fertilizer include by weight：15 parts of dead leaves, 15 parts of chicken manure, tobacco processing
15 parts of 7.5 parts of leftover bits and pieces, 7.5 parts of fish products processing fent, 5 parts of stalk, 4 parts of Chinese medicine composition and EM bacterium solutions.
Wherein, the Chinese medicine composition includes 7.5 parts of kuh-seng, 4 parts of Chinese violet, 2.5 parts of Chinese cassia tree, dried orange peel by weight
1 part of 2 parts, 1.5 parts of Cortex hibisus syriacus, 1.5 parts of celastrus orbiculatus and wild pepper seed.
Wherein, the step（5）In also include apply foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is mixed by marine alga, stalk, turf and weathered coal
Conjunction is formed.
Wherein, the step（5）In apply time of foliar fertilizer for plantation 1 first quarter moon of orchid after, sprinkling in every 22 days once, spray
Blade face is dorsad sprayed when spilling.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed in embodiment 1 ~ 3 comprises the following steps：
（1）, take out according to proportioning kuh-seng, Chinese violet, Chinese cassia tree, dried orange peel, Cortex hibisus syriacus, celastrus orbiculatus and wild pepper seed and mix to obtain mixture
Material, add water distillation, stops distillation when the quality of distillate is the 30 ~ 40% of original mixture material gross mass, is filtrated to get Chinese medicine
Slag and Chinese medicine liquid, it is standby；
（2）, take out according to proportioning dead leaves, tobacco processing fent, fish products processing fent, stalk and Chinese medicine slag and be put into crushing
Machine is crushed, and is then added chicken manure, Chinese medicine liquid and EM bacterium solutions and is well mixed, the organic fertilizer that heap fermentation is become thoroughly decomposed for 20 ~ 30 days.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）, prepare planting pot
The square basin body that selected depth is 15 ~ 20cm spreads the thick vermiculite granules of one layer of 1 ~ 2cm, selection at basin bottom as planting pot
The high cultivation matrix of gas permeability is laid on vermiculite granule layer, and laying depth is 5 ~ 8cm；
（2）, plant seedling
Disease-free, the healthy and strong orchid seedling of selection is planted into step（1）In middle planting pot, in surface layer overlay liver moss, liver moss is thick
Spend for 3 ~ 7cm, the flower stand that height is 40 ~ 50cm from the ground is set in greenhouse, planting pot is placed on flower stand；
（3）, photo-irradiation treatment
After cultivation 7 ~ 8 weeks, do not occur the withered and yellow plant that survives to the small seedling leaf of orchid and carry out photo-irradiation treatment, intensity of illumination control
For 1800~2000 luxs, the time is 20 ~ 24 DEG C to provide temperature control in 6 ~ 8h, greenhouse daily；
（4）, water management
Take rice washing water and well mixed be made of clear water to pour liquid filling, poured into during pouring from basin side, every 2 ~ 3 days of 4 ~ May poured once,
6 ~ September part is poured once daily, enters to keep basin soil moistening after autumn；
（5）, fertilizer management
After Orchis planting 10 ~ 35 days, the organic fertilizer once become thoroughly decomposed is imposed.
2. the cultural method according to claim 1 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the step（1）In
Cultivation matrix by weight include 10 ~ 20 parts of vermiculite, 10 ~ 20 parts of perlite, 5 ~ 10 parts of bark, 2 ~ 8 parts of peanut shell, peat
Native 1 ~ 5 part and suitable quantity of water.
3. the cultural method according to claim 2 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the step（1）In
The preparation method of cultivation matrix is：Peanut shell was put into water after 50 ~ 60min of boiling minutes and taken out, with vermiculite, pearl after drying
Rock, bark and peat soil mixing, are put into pulverizer and crush, and take out the mixed material stirring that adds water and are mixed to get.
4. the cultural method according to claim 3 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the mixed material adds
Moisture control after water is 10 ~ 15%.
5. the cultural method according to claim 1 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the step（4）In
The mass ratio of rice washing water and clear water is according to 1：2~1：5.
6. the cultural method according to claim 1 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the step（5）In
Organic fertilizer include by weight：10 ~ 20 parts of dead leaves, 10 ~ 20 parts of chicken manure, 5 ~ 10 parts of tobacco processing fent, fish products add
10 ~ 20 parts of 5 ~ 10 parts of work leftover bits and pieces, 2 ~ 8 parts of stalk, 2 ~ 6 parts of Chinese medicine composition and EM bacterium solutions.
7. the cultural method according to claim 6 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the Chinese medicine composition
Include 5 ~ 10 parts of kuh-seng, 2 ~ 6 parts of Chinese violet, 1 ~ 4 part of Chinese cassia tree, 1 ~ 3 part of dried orange peel, 1 ~ 2 part of Cortex hibisus syriacus, celastrus orbiculatus by weight
1 ~ 2 part and 0.8 ~ 1.2 part of wild pepper seed.
8. the cultural method according to claim 1 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the step（5）In
Also include applying foliar fertilizer, the foliar fertilizer is mixed by marine alga, stalk, turf and weathered coal.
9. the cultural method according to claim 8 for improving orchid resistance against diseases, it is characterised in that the step（5）In
The time of foliar fertilizer is applied to plant orchid after 1 ~ 2 month, once, blade face is dorsad sprayed during sprinkling for sprinkling in every 20 ~ 25 days.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107646337A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-02 | 黄海民 | A kind of breeding method of orchid |
| CN107711422A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-02-23 | 成都创客之家科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the special cultivated soil of orchid |
| CN107896924A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 成都创客之家科技有限公司 | A kind of special cultivated soil of orchid |
| CN108101609A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-01 | 普安县红星村裕丰农果蔬种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of broccoli plantation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110476759A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 贵州吉丰种业有限责任公司 | A kind of interplanting method of konjaku and sunflower |
| CN113080001A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-09 | 福建坤加建设有限公司 | Garden orchid seedling growing method |
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| CN113080001A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-09 | 福建坤加建设有限公司 | Garden orchid seedling growing method |
| CN113080001B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2023-04-07 | 福建坤加建设有限公司 | Garden orchid seedling growing method |
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