CN102919107A - Propagating method of orchids in Xinjiang region - Google Patents
Propagating method of orchids in Xinjiang region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a propagating method of orchids in the Xinjiang region. The propagating method comprises the steps of: (1) arranging iron frames in greenhouses, and placing flowerpots on the iron frames; (2) preparing nursing medium combining soil, sterilizing and filling the nursing medium combining soil into the flowerpots, and adding urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the combining soil per litre; (3) moving the robust orchids into the flowerpots, laying mosses with the thickness of 2-8cm on the surface and watering, conducting shading and cultivating, wherein the illumination intensity is 80 thousand to 100 thousand lux, and the temperature is 22-25 DEG C; (4) after cultivating for 4-6 weeks, moving survival plants without black spots on leaves of the orchid seedlings or withering and yellowing into the greenhouses for illumination, wherein the illumination intensity is 100 thousand to 120 thousand lux, and the temperature is 22-25 DEG C; and (5) fertilizing the survival orchid seedlings, and carrying out pest control and after-treatment on the survival orchid seedlings to obtain orchid introduction and domestication plants. The propagating method has the advantages of introducing the orchids into the western regions for the first time and achieving the purpose of large-area planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flowers propagation method, particularly, relate to the propagation method of a kind of Xinjiang region orchid.
Background technology
Orchid belongs to the orchid family, is monocotyledon, is perennial herb.The history of China cultivation orchid is very long, orchid has also been cooked the summary of record and cultivation experience on some kinds.The orchid of China cultivation is the little flower variety in the livings orchid mainly with being, appreciates its perfume (or spice) and attitude, and the standard of appreciation is not easy to accept into most people, and is so its occupancy volume on market is little, popular in the crowd of level necessarily.The so-called cattleya of large flower and brilliant color was propagated its belief on a large scale in China in recent years, and kind mostly is foreign country and cultivates.China lacks systematic research, development and application to one's own abundant orchid germ plasm resource.What form therewith sharp contrast is distribute people's, predatory excavate and the outflow of precious germ plasm resource blindly to orchid in more area of orchid.Because the natural variation of orchid is than horn of plenty, unusual individual plant is found in people's expectation from a large amount of plant of excavating.Many orchids have unique medical value, and this also is one of reason of being destroyed of its wild resource.The deterioration of ecotope is the external cause that orchid germ plasm resource day by day faces desperate situation to the adverse effect of orchid living environment and insect pollinator; Orchid Seeds breeding difficulty is unfavorable for the expansion of self population, is the internal cause that orchid germ plasm resource day by day faces desperate situation.The all kinds of the orchid family all are to list the I and II protective plant of national conservation of wild plant register in; but protection is inadequate in the real protection work, particularly for first class of protection orchid kind in imminent danger such as more should more protection without beak blue (Archinecttia gaudissartii) etc.As the more rich country of Wild Orchids Resources; China has listed the protection of orchid in the national forestry ecological protection and has built one of six key projects, has domesticly also in succession carried out Study On Pollination Biology, reproductive biology etc. and Wild Orchids protection, research work that child care is relevant.
The orchid introduction and acclimatization be kind with wild or cultivation from its natural distribution district or the cultivation area introduce new regional culture, this also is the important channel of enriching germ plasm resource, cultivating new varieties, the technological means of preservation with moving.The seed selection of orchid new varieties is accompanied by often that the introducing and planting of orchid carries out, and the orchid of whole world introducing and planting has reached 300 and belongs to more than 3 000 kinds at present.The state orchid species overwhelming majority of China's cultivation is by the wild species introduction and acclimatization; but in recent years because China's wild plant resource protection system is perfect not; a large amount of wild orchids are destroyed, and resource is progressively exhausted, so adopt the breeding method probability of introduction and acclimatization to reduce gradually.
Orchid is wider at China's Distribution Area, and except Ningxia of North China, northeast and northwest, Qinghai, Xinjiang, there is different types of epidendrum each provinces and regions.Xinjiang is not to produce blue district as you know, the cultivation orchid also is to begin recent years to rise, mostly be that the personal preference cultivates, almost there is not specialized breeding scale, the atmosphere of blue culture does not have, and the people of cultivation class (comprising traditional orchid) orchid seldom mostly cultivates general grass, even if so-and-so boasts the high-grade blue of oneself, also almost be a little false grass.Nowadays the blue situation of this breeding of Xinjiang, trace it to its cause, it is low that the orchid of Lan You is appreciated level, the orchid circulation is relatively inaccessible, therefore the Xinjiang blue people of vast love expects to develop local orchid market, flowers market, Xinjiang potted orchids all is to be bought outward by boundary for a long time, and Xinjiang region lacks the cymbidium variety of suitable local growth and breeding.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome existing defective, and a kind of method in Xinjiang region domestication orchid is provided, and has reached the purpose of orchid being introduced west area and establishing in large scale.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The propagation method of a kind of Xinjiang region orchid may further comprise the steps:
(1) arranging in booth or greenhouse overhead highly is the brandreth of 30-60cm, and the flowerpot of good air permeability is placed on the brandreth;
(2) turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff, river sand are mixed into the seedling medium mixed soil by the weight ratio of 2:1:1:1:2, and will insert in the flowerpot after the mixed soil sterilization, every liter of mixed soil adds 5g urea and 2.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
(3) healthy and strong orchid seedling is moved into flowerpot, in surperficial layer overlay liver moss, moss depth is 2-8cm; Water in the usual way, the pH of water is 5.4-6.4, the cultivation management that shelters from heat or light, and intensity of illumination is 80,000-100,000 lux, temperature is 22-25 degree centigrade;
(4) cultivation 4-6 after week blackspot do not occur with the orchid seedling leaf or the withered and yellow plant that survives changes greenhouse illumination place over to, intensity of illumination 100,000-120,000 lux, temperature 22-25 degree centigrade;
(5) the orchid seedling applies fertilizer to surviving, the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed, obtains orchid introduction and acclimatization plant.
Particularly, the sterilization method of the described mixed soil of step (2) is every square metre and adds the 20-30g Cosan and mix thoroughly and sterilize.
Particularly, the index of the described healthy and strong orchid seedling of step (3) is: orchid seedling acrial part 20-40cm, every seedling leaf more than 3 without blackspot, leaf color is glossy bottle green, root is complete, every shoot root number is more than 3.
Particularly, the described fertilising of step (5), the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed may further comprise the steps:
(1) measures of fertilizer: the 3-5 month, append per month urea according to every liter of matrix 0.25g; The 6-8 month, foliage spray in per 20 days is diluted to 50 times MS culture fluid; The 9-12 month, appended every liter of matrix 0.2g of urea in per 45 days;
(2) extermination of disease and insect pest: the 4-8 month is the damage by disease and insect high-incidence season, adopt the pouring of 700ppm Furadan solution to eliminate insect pest, blade blackspot or striated occur and sprays orchids with being diluted to 1000 times of thiophanate methyls when withered, all remains on below 25 degrees centigrade when spraying insecticide;
(3) according to florescence of different cultivars orchid, increase illumination about previous month blooming, intensity of illumination is sprayed 0.1mg/L gibberellin kind of blooming period prolonging flowering stage at 120,000-150,000 lux.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
At the different cymbidium varieties of Xinjiang region introduction and acclimatization, obtain to be suitable for orchid growth conditions and culture technique means according to Xinjiang weather conditions and condition of water quality research first; The former different cymbidium varieties that grow in southern humid climate are introduced the Xinjiang plantation, and be able to prolific scale developing flowers market, Xinjiang.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and consists of the part of specification, is used for together with embodiments of the present invention explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for description and interpretation the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the propagation method of Xinjiang region orchid may further comprise the steps:
(1) arranging in booth or greenhouse overhead highly is the brandreth of 30cm, and the flowerpot of good air permeability is placed on the brandreth;
(2) turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff, river sand are mixed into the seedling medium mixed soil by the weight ratio of 2:1:1:1:2, and will insert in the flowerpot after the mixed soil sterilization, every liter of mixed soil adds 5g urea and 2.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
(3) healthy and strong orchid seedling is moved into flowerpot, in surperficial layer overlay liver moss, moss depth is 2cm; Water in the usual way, the pH of water is 5.4, the cultivation management that shelters from heat or light, and intensity of illumination is 80,000 lux, temperature is 22 degrees centigrade;
(4) after 4 weeks of cultivation, blackspot is not appearred in the orchid seedling leaf or the withered and yellow plant that survives changes greenhouse illumination place over to, intensity of illumination 120,000 lux, 22 degrees centigrade of temperature;
(5) the orchid seedling applies fertilizer to surviving, the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed, obtains orchid introduction and acclimatization plant.
Embodiment 2
The propagation method of Xinjiang region orchid may further comprise the steps:
(1) arranging in booth or greenhouse overhead highly is the brandreth of 60cm, and the flowerpot of good air permeability is placed on the brandreth;
(2) turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff, river sand are mixed into the seedling medium mixed soil by the weight ratio of 2:1:1:1:2, and will insert in the flowerpot after the mixed soil sterilization, every liter of mixed soil adds 5g urea and 2.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
(3) healthy and strong orchid seedling is moved into flowerpot, in surperficial layer overlay liver moss, moss depth is 8cm; Water in the usual way, the pH of water is 6.4, the cultivation management that shelters from heat or light, and intensity of illumination is 100,000 lux, temperature is 25 degrees centigrade;
(4) after 6 weeks of cultivation, blackspot is not appearred in the orchid seedling leaf or the withered and yellow plant that survives changes greenhouse illumination place over to, intensity of illumination 120,000 lux, 25 degrees centigrade of temperature;
(5) the orchid seedling applies fertilizer to surviving, the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed, obtains orchid introduction and acclimatization plant.
Embodiment 3
The propagation method of Xinjiang region orchid may further comprise the steps:
(1) arranging in booth or greenhouse overhead highly is the brandreth of 40cm, and the flowerpot of good air permeability is placed on the brandreth;
(2) turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff, river sand are mixed into the seedling medium mixed soil by the weight ratio of 2:1:1:1:2, and with mixed soil sterilization (sterilization method be every square metre add the 20-30g Cosan mix thoroughly sterilize) after insert in the flowerpot, every liter of mixed soil adds 5g urea and 2.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
(3) with healthy and strong orchid (orchid seedling acrial part 20-40cm, every seedling leaf more than 3 without blackspot, leaf color is glossy bottle green, root is complete, every shoot root number is more than 3) seedling moves into flowerpot, in surperficial layer overlay liver moss, moss depth is 6cm; Water in the usual way, the pH of water is 6.4, the cultivation management that shelters from heat or light, and intensity of illumination is 90,000 lux, temperature is 25 degrees centigrade;
(4) after 5 weeks of cultivation, blackspot is not appearred in the orchid seedling leaf or the withered and yellow plant that survives changes greenhouse illumination place over to, intensity of illumination 140,000 lux, 25 degrees centigrade of temperature;
(5) the orchid seedling applies fertilizer to surviving, the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed, obtains orchid introduction and acclimatization plant.
The described fertilising of above-mentioned steps (5), the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed may further comprise the steps:
(1) measures of fertilizer: the 3-5 month, append per month urea according to every liter of matrix 0.25g; The 6-8 month, foliage spray in per 20 days is diluted to 50 times MS culture fluid; The 9-12 month, appended every liter of matrix 0.2g of urea in per 45 days;
(2) extermination of disease and insect pest: the 4-8 month is the damage by disease and insect high-incidence season, adopt the pouring of 700ppm Furadan solution to eliminate insect pest, blade blackspot or striated occur and sprays orchids with being diluted to 1000 times of thiophanate methyls when withered, all remains on below 25 degrees centigrade when spraying insecticide;
(3) according to florescence of different cultivars orchid, increase illumination about previous month blooming, intensity of illumination is sprayed 0.1mg/L gibberellin kind of blooming period prolonging flowering stage at 120,000-150,000 lux.
It should be noted that at last: the above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the propagation method of an Xinjiang region orchid is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) arranging in booth or greenhouse overhead highly is the brandreth of 30-60cm, and the flowerpot of good air permeability is placed on the brandreth;
(2) turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff, river sand are mixed into the seedling medium mixed soil by the weight ratio of 2:1:1:1:2, and will insert in the flowerpot after the mixed soil sterilization, every liter of mixed soil adds 5g urea and 2.5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
(3) healthy and strong orchid seedling is moved into flowerpot, in surperficial layer overlay liver moss, moss depth is 2-8cm; Water in the usual way, the pH of water is 5.4-6.4, the cultivation management that shelters from heat or light, and intensity of illumination is 80,000-100,000 lux, temperature is 22-25 degree centigrade;
(4) cultivation 4-6 after week blackspot do not occur with the orchid seedling leaf or the withered and yellow plant that survives changes greenhouse illumination place over to, intensity of illumination 100,000-120,000 lux, temperature 22-25 degree centigrade;
(5) the orchid seedling applies fertilizer to surviving, the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed, obtains orchid introduction and acclimatization plant.
2. the propagation method of Xinjiang region orchid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the sterilization method of the described mixed soil of step (2) is every square metre and adds the 20-30g Cosan and mix thoroughly and sterilize.
3. the propagation method of Xinjiang region orchid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the index of the described healthy and strong orchid seedling of step (3) is: orchid seedling acrial part 20-40cm, every seedling leaf more than 3 without blackspot, leaf color is glossy bottle green, root is complete, and every shoot root number is more than 3.
4. the propagation method of Xinjiang region orchid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described fertilising of step (5), the extermination of disease and insect pest and post-processed may further comprise the steps:
(1) measures of fertilizer: the 3-5 month, append per month urea according to every liter of matrix 0.25g; The 6-8 month, foliage spray in per 20 days is diluted to 50 times MS culture fluid; The 9-12 month, appended every liter of matrix 0.2g of urea in per 45 days;
(2) extermination of disease and insect pest: the 4-8 month is the damage by disease and insect high-incidence season, adopt the pouring of 700ppm Furadan solution to eliminate insect pest, blade blackspot or striated occur and sprays orchids with being diluted to 1000 times of thiophanate methyls when withered, all remains on below 25 degrees centigrade when spraying insecticide;
(3) according to florescence of different cultivars orchid, increase illumination about previous month blooming, intensity of illumination is sprayed 0.1mg/L gibberellin kind of blooming period prolonging flowering stage at 120,000-150,000 lux.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN103270878A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 磐安县大盘山兰蕙专业合作社 | Wild orchid transfer and culture method |
| CN103416288A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-12-04 | 淳安千岛湖金兰农业开发有限公司 | Soilless culture medium for orchids |
| CN104957015A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市长林苗木种植专业合作社 | Orchid cultivating method |
| CN105830698A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-10 | 镇远县百福农业科技示范有限公司 | Seedling hardening method for sweet potato tissue-cultured test-tube plantlets |
| CN106538365A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-29 | 东莞市农业科学研究中心 | Middle-size and small-size Bowring cattleya cultural method and application |
| CN106613070A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-05-10 | 柳州市盛鑫隆花卉种植专业合作社 | Method for cultivating wild orchid |
| CN106982672A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-28 | 堵美娟 | A kind of Orchis planting soil |
| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
| CN107211669A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases |
| CN107347603A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-17 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | State's orchid antibacterial matrix and state's orchid simplified cultivation method |
| CN108142248A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-12 | 绵阳市蜀创农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Calanthe plant greenhouse cultivation nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103270878A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 磐安县大盘山兰蕙专业合作社 | Wild orchid transfer and culture method |
| CN103270878B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-08-05 | 磐安县大盘山兰蕙专业合作社 | One is gone down the hill blue transformation cultural method |
| CN103416288A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-12-04 | 淳安千岛湖金兰农业开发有限公司 | Soilless culture medium for orchids |
| CN104957015A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市长林苗木种植专业合作社 | Orchid cultivating method |
| CN105830698A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-10 | 镇远县百福农业科技示范有限公司 | Seedling hardening method for sweet potato tissue-cultured test-tube plantlets |
| CN106613070A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-05-10 | 柳州市盛鑫隆花卉种植专业合作社 | Method for cultivating wild orchid |
| CN106538365A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-29 | 东莞市农业科学研究中心 | Middle-size and small-size Bowring cattleya cultural method and application |
| CN106982672A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-28 | 堵美娟 | A kind of Orchis planting soil |
| CN107211669A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-29 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving orchid resistance against diseases |
| CN107347603A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-17 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | State's orchid antibacterial matrix and state's orchid simplified cultivation method |
| CN107125016A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse method for massively culturing of orchid |
| CN108142248A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-12 | 绵阳市蜀创农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Calanthe plant greenhouse cultivation nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102919107B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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