CN104396667B - A kind of implantation methods of Mel Lee - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of Mel Lee Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396667B CN104396667B CN201410637383.3A CN201410637383A CN104396667B CN 104396667 B CN104396667 B CN 104396667B CN 201410637383 A CN201410637383 A CN 201410637383A CN 104396667 B CN104396667 B CN 104396667B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The present invention relates to planting technology field, the implantation methods of especially a kind of Mel Lee, including selection of land wholely, graft seedling growth, plant, rich water quality management, flower and fruit thinning, pest control procedures；By Mel lijin's row selection of land is whole, Mel Lee planting base is made to disclosure satisfy that standardized planting needs, and then farthest reduce the cost planted of Mel Lee, and at rich water quality management, Mel Leakey is carried out the process of relatively reasonableization, Mel Lee is made to be chronically at rich soil, meet the nutrient requirement of Mel Lee growth, so that being improved largely of the quality of Mel Lee；And carrying out reasonable prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management so that the pest and disease damage of Mel Lee obtains effectively preventing, reduce the pest and disease damage impact on Mel Lee's yield, thus obtaining, there is full mellow and full, that taste is sweet Mel Lee。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, the implantation methods of especially a kind of Mel Lee。
Background technology
Japanese plum is that Rosaceae belongs to perennial deciduous fruit tree, between the 7-8 month, maturation, full mellow and full, exquisitely carved, form is pretty and dazzling, taste is sweet, nutritious, and the effect of energy facilitating digestion, especially to achlorhydria, food after glutted, constipation person is effective, the effect simultaneously have skin maintenance, lubricating the skin and muscle, can also meet people's diversified demand to fruit simultaneously, and then enrich people's material life。
Mel Lee calls Lee in the Dragon Boat Festival, is distributed mainly on mountain region within the scope of height above sea level 1500-3000m, tailo, sandy ground, in hills and shrubbery, like light, cold-resistant, the feature such as drought-resistant, the strong tiller root system of Mel Prunus, huge root system is deep-rooted, crisscross, integrated distribution is in the soil layer of 20-40cm, the deepest in 1.5-2.0m, forms the network structure that table soil is intensive, soil in deep for 20cm soil layer is tightly encased, there is extremely strong fixing of soil and conservation of water effect, also resistant to-35 DEG C of low temperature, adaptable, mean fruit weight 20g, fruit indulges footpath 2.97cm, transverse diameter 3.03cm, and fruit is sour-sweet moderate, taste is unique, nutritious, it is containing more than nutrition kind, the height of content, wherein contain vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin E and potassium, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, ferrum, manganese, zinc, the trace element such as magnesium, and containing including 18 seed amino acids of lysine, and mature fruit sugar content is up to 15-20%, it is possible to it is processed into fruit juice, fruit wine, fruit vinegar, fruit latt, canned food, the food such as preserved fruit。
The nutrition of Mel Lee is extremely abundant, and there is antioxidative effect, it is rated as the natural health good merchantable brand of " super fruit " of defying age, anti-disease, it is therefore necessary to make the planting technology scheme of effective Mel Lee, for instructing Mel Lee to plant the standardized planting at family。
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the implantation methods of a kind of Mel Lee, compensate for the technological gap planting Mel Lee in orchard, it is achieved that the efficient utilization of orchard land resource, promote effective growth of Mel Lee fruit tree, obtain high-quality Mel Lee, and then add the economic benefit of Mel Lee's land area of one unit。
It is achieved particular by techniques below scheme:
The implantation methods of a kind of Mel Lee, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: select height above sea level in the soil of 1500-3000m, and its soil horizon is that 40-60cm is thick, and the content of organic matter is 50-70%；And soil is carried out deep ploughing process, the degree of depth is 30-40cm, during deep ploughing, adds farm manure 300-500kg according to every mu, after deep ploughing terminates, idle 15-20 days, then secondary deep ploughing process, it is 6.5-7.5 that secondary deep ploughing processes the pH value adjusting soil, again soil is carried out whole furrow, making furrow height 50-60cm, furrow width 80-90cm, form ditch between furrow and furrow, furrow width is 30-40cm；Adding farm manure again on furrow, every furrow are 20-40kg, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer is 5-10kg, and is mixed homogeneously with earth by farm manure, then it is thick to cover 4-7cm with earth, idle more than 10 days, stand-by；
(2) graft seedling growth: carry out nursery process in temperature canopy, selecting sand, plant ash and content of humic acid is the fertile soil of 60-70%, it is as seedling medium in mass ratio after 2:1:2 mix homogeneously, and adopt the sieve of aperture≤5mm that substrate is processed, take sieve base matter paving and be sprinkled upon in temperature canopy, the thickness making substrate is 15-20cm, and according to the compound fertilizer that every mu is used 65-80kg, and compound fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate；Choosing moisture again is 30-40%, and the Radix Fici Hirtae seed of degree of purity >=95% is placed in the warm water of 35-40 DEG C seed soaking 6-8h, it is the Mancozeb of 80% by concentration again, according to accounting for after seed weight 0.2-0.5% mixes thoroughly, it is sown in above substrate, then adopts earth to cover 0.1-0.3cm, and the day temperature in temperature canopy is controlled at 20-28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 25-30 DEG C, and keeping humidity in temperature canopy is 30-40g/m3, grow after Seedling until Radix Fici Hirtae, stromal surface is carried out weeding process, spraying concentration is 900-1000 times of solution of 8% Mancozeb again, spray 2-3 time, when Radix Fici Hirtae seedling length is to 15-25cm, seedling is blocked according to substrate 5-9cm place, and Mel Lee's branch is carried out grafting process as scion, the length of scion is 5-15cm, to be grafted complete after, control the day temperature in temperature canopy at 11-15 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is at 20-28 DEG C, carried out water spray to process once every 2-3 days, watering amount is 30-35kg/ mu, treat that whole young plant length is to 40-100cm, and transplant after base diameter >=0.2cm；
(3) plant: in annual 4-6 month, by step 2) the transplanted seedling strain of gained is positioned over temperature and is 5-25 DEG C, humidity is the place of 40-60%, shelter from heat or light and place 10-15 days, it is planted in step 1 again) on whole good furrow, and the hollow plum Japanese plum choosing nursery stock healthy and strong plants, every mu of 4-6 strain of planting, hollow plum Japanese plum and transplanted seedling mean allocation on every mu of furrow；
(4) rich water quality management: the nursery stock planted is adopted improving straw mulching, cladding thickness is 10-15cm, and adopt earth to cover again on straw surface, earth cladding thickness is 4-7cm, after 30-40 days, the mode adopting ditch spread carries out fertilizer treatment, during fertilising, the degree of depth of ditch is 15-20cm, after adopting farm manure to fill up ditch, carry out Irrigation levels again, irrigation quantity is 1-2kg/ strain, after having poured water, earth is adopted to cover farm manure 10-20cm, until the 1-2 month of Second Year repeats above-mentioned fertilising step, when this applies fertilizer, the degree of depth of ditch is 20-30cm, irrigation quantity is 2-4kg/ strain；When training orientation arrives 7-8 month of Second Year, repeat the fertilizer treatment step of above-mentioned First Year,；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: from late June, sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 2000 times of liquid in Japanese plum woods, within every 15 days, spray 1 time, even spray 2-3 time, the 600-800 times of liquid of Mancozeb adopting concentration to be 80% in mid-August sprays process, within every 10 days, sprays 1 time, even spray 2-3 time；Use 800-1200 times of liquid of matrine that concentration is 1% subsequently instead to spray, afterwards, according still further to every mu with the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 300g that concentration is 50%, mix thoroughly with water 3kg and fine earth 30kg, it is thus achieved that pesticide-clay mixture；During the mode adopting ditch spread with farm manure 500-700kg after being mixed homogeneously by pesticide-clay mixture again is manured into soil, its ditch depth is 15-20cm, after fertilising completes, then adopts earth to cover, and earth cladding thickness is 4-7cm, then Irrigation levels, and irrigation quantity is 1-1.5kg/ strain；
(6) flower and fruit thinning: remove the Hua Heguo of Japanese plum at the first three years, from the 4th year, within 14-21 days, carrying out pouring water 2-4 time before annual blooming, each irrigation quantity is 2-4kg/ strain, until when coming into bloom, again to the boron fertilizer solution that Japanese plum concentration of sprinkling is 0.3%, and in Japanese plum woods, support 1-2 bucket seal, treat Japanese plum result, and fruit to the stone phase time, remove fruitlet, disease pest fruit, malformed fruit, the top fruit that upwards fruit and tree crown periphery are covered without branch and leaf, the plantation of Mel Lee can be completed。
Described straw can also adopt sawdust to replace, and the thickness covered is 3-5cm。
Described straw is the mixture in any proportion of one or more in corn straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, wheat stalk, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw。
Described concentration be 80% 600-800 times of liquid of Mancozeb can also replace with 800-900 times of liquid of the thiophanate methyl that concentration is 70%。
Described concentration is 800-1200 times of liquid of 1% matrine can also be that 900-1500 times of liquid of 5% pyrethrin missible oil replaces by concentration。
Described phoxim English name: Phoxim, Chinese another name: phoxim, Phoxim, Phoxim cream, phoxim cream, phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is pale yellowish oil liquid, it is mainly used in efficiently, low toxicity, broad spectrum pesticide, to tag and stomach poison function, without systemic action, Lepidoptera Larva and subterranean pest-insect and warehouse and sanitary insect pest there is better effects, can be used for control of grubs, Gryllotalpa, the subterranean pest-insects such as wireworm, cotten aphid, bollworm, wheat aphid, Pieris rapae, thrips, armyworm, rice plant skipper, rice leaf roller, leafhopper, plant hopper, pine moth, Pyrausta nubilalis (Hubern). etc., worm's ovum is also had certain lethal effect。It is also suitably for preventing and treating warehouse and sanitary insect pest。
Described Bordeaux mixture is inorganic fungicide, it is the alkali formula double salt of copper sulfate, Copper hydrate and calcium hydroxide, in water, forms blue suspension with fines, gain the name because first using in a large number at Dogue de Bordeaux, and can promote that leaf color is dark green, robust growth, improve tree body resistance against diseases。Said preparation has that fungicidal spectrum is wide, lasting period length, pathogenic bacteria will not produce resistance, to features such as people and poultry low toxicities, be the longest a kind of antibacterial of applicating history。
Described Mancozeb is mainly used in preventing and treating vegetable downy mildew, anthrax, brown spot etc.。It is currently preventing and treating Fructus Lycopersici esculenti early blight and late blight of potato favourable agents, preventive effect respectively 80% and about 90%, generally do foliage spray, it is also widely used in fruit tree, vegetable and field crop, multiple important leaf portion fungal disease can be prevented and treated, for instance wheat rust, the leaf blight of corn, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi phytophthora root rot, black spot of fruit tree, anthrax etc.。Its consumption is 1.4-1.9kg (effective ingredient)/hm2。Owing to its purposes is wide, good drug efficacy, it has also become the important kind in the protection antibacterial of non-internal-absorting。
Have following technical effect that
(1) by prestowage hollow plum pollinizers in Mel Japanese plum garden, improve effective pollination rate of Mel Lee, and spray boron at the florescence and put honeybee and vegetables and fruits process, so that the flowers are in blossom together, open strong, process again through to the flower and fruit thinning of Japanese plum, and then acquisition has full mellow and full, form is pretty and dazzling, the Mel Fructus Pruni salicinae that taste is sweet。
(3) by the fruit of Mel Japanese plum is carried out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control process, it is ensured that Mel Fructus Pruni salicinae can normally grow, so that Fructus Pruni salicinae grows fine, fruit is healthy and strong, sick rate is low, and then acquisition has full mellow and full, Mel Lee that taste is sweet。
(4) by the configuration of Mel Lee's planting environment and nutriment is inquired into and studied, promote that Mel Lee can normally robustly grow under general environment, improve the survival rate of Mel Lee, ensure that Mel Lee can effectively absorb nutrient substance, meet the nutrient requirement of Mel Lee growth so that being improved largely of the quality of Mel Lee；And in conjunction with rational management process so that the pest and disease damage of Mel Lee obtains effectively preventing, reduce the pest and disease damage impact on Mel Lee's yield, improve quality and the yield of Mel Lee, add Mel Lee and plant the net income at family。
(5) present invention is in conjunction with the nutrient composition content of Mel Lee itself, to the collocation carrying out adequate nutrition element in the fertilising step of Mel Lee, and the rational application of fertilizer, regularly Mel Leakey is carried out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control simultaneously, make Mel Lee be chronically at excellent environment, improve the quality of Mel Lee's growing environment, and then improve yield and the quality of Mel Lee, promote the further development of Mel Lee's industry so that Mel Lee plants industry and further advanced。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme done and further limit elaboration, but the scope claimed is not only limited to the description made。
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods of a kind of Mel Lee, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: select height above sea level in the soil of 1500m, and its soil horizon is that 40cm is thick, and the content of organic matter is 50%；And soil is carried out deep ploughing process, the degree of depth is 30cm, during deep ploughing, adds farm manure 300kg according to every mu, after deep ploughing terminates, idle 15 days, then secondary deep ploughing process, it is 6.5 that secondary deep ploughing processes the pH value adjusting soil, again soil is carried out whole furrow, making furrow height 50cm, furrow width 80cm, form ditch between furrow and furrow, furrow width is 30cm；Adding farm manure again on furrow, every furrow are 20kg, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer is 5kg, and is mixed homogeneously with earth by farm manure, then it is thick to cover 4cm with earth, idle 12 days, stand-by；
(2) graft seedling growth: carry out nursery process in temperature canopy, selecting sand, plant ash and content of humic acid is the fertile soil of 60%, it is as seedling medium in mass ratio after 2:1:2 mix homogeneously, and substrate is processed by the sieve adopting aperture to be 5mm, take sieve base matter paving and be sprinkled upon in temperature canopy, the thickness making substrate is 15cm, and according to the compound fertilizer that every mu is used 65kg, and compound fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate；Choosing moisture again is 30%, and the Radix Fici Hirtae seed that degree of purity is 95% is placed in the warm water of 35 DEG C and soaks seed as 6h, it is the Mancozeb of 80% by concentration again, according to accounting for after seed weight 0.2% mixes thoroughly, it is sown in above substrate, then adopts earth to cover 0.1cm, and the day temperature in temperature canopy is controlled at 20 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and keeping humidity in temperature canopy is 30g/m3Grow after Seedling until Radix Fici Hirtae, stromal surface is carried out weeding process, spraying concentration is 900 times of solution of 8% Mancozeb again, spray 2 times, when Radix Fici Hirtae seedling length is to 15cm, block seedling according to substrate 5cm place, and Mel Lee's branch is carried out grafting process as scion, the length of scion is 5cm, to be grafted complete after, control temperature canopy in day temperature at 11 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is at 20-28 DEG C, carried out water spray to process once every 2 days, watering amount is 30kg/ mu, treats that whole young plant length is to 40cm, and base diameter is transplant after 0.2cm；
(3) plant: in annual April, by step 2) to be positioned over temperature be 5 DEG C for the transplanted seedling strain of gained, humidity is the place of 40%, shelter from heat or light and place 10 days, it is planted in step 1 again) on whole good furrow, and the hollow plum Japanese plum choosing nursery stock healthy and strong plants, every mu of 4 strains of planting, hollow plum Japanese plum and transplanted seedling mean allocation on every mu of furrow；
(4) rich water quality management: the nursery stock planted is adopted improving straw mulching, cladding thickness is 10cm, and adopt earth to cover again on straw surface, earth cladding thickness is 4cm, after 30 days, the mode of ditch spread is adopted to carry out fertilizer treatment, during fertilising, the degree of depth of ditch is 15cm, after adopting farm manure to fill up ditch, then carrying out Irrigation levels, irrigation quantity is 1kg/ strain, after having poured water, earth is adopted to cover farm manure 10cm, until repeating above-mentioned fertilising step the January of Second Year, when this applies fertilizer, the degree of depth of ditch is 20cm, and irrigation quantity is 2kg/ strain；When training orientation arrives the July of Second Year, repeat the fertilizer treatment step of above-mentioned First Year,；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: from late June, sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 2000 times of liquid in Japanese plum woods, within every 15 days, spray 1 time, even spray 2 times, and the 600 times of liquid of Mancozeb adopting concentration to be 80% in mid-August spray process, within every 10 days, sprays 1 time, even spray 2 times；Use 800 times of liquid of matrine that concentration is 1% subsequently instead to spray, afterwards, according still further to every mu with the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 300g that concentration is 50%, mix thoroughly with water 3kg and fine earth 30kg, it is thus achieved that pesticide-clay mixture；During the mode adopting ditch spread with farm manure 500kg after being mixed homogeneously by pesticide-clay mixture again is manured into soil, its ditch depth is 15cm, after fertilising completes, then adopts earth to cover, and earth cladding thickness is 4cm, then Irrigation levels, and irrigation quantity is 1kg/ strain；
(6) flower and fruit thinning: remove the Hua Heguo of Japanese plum at the first three years, from the 4th year, within 14 days, carrying out pouring water 2 times before annual blooming, each irrigation quantity is 2kg/ strain, until when coming into bloom, again to the boron fertilizer solution that Japanese plum concentration of sprinkling is 0.3%, and in Japanese plum woods, support 1 barrel of sealing, treat Japanese plum result, and fruit to the stone phase time, remove fruitlet, disease pest fruit, malformed fruit, the top fruit that upwards fruit and tree crown periphery are covered without branch and leaf, the plantation of Mel Lee can be completed。
Described straw can also adopt sawdust to replace, and the thickness covered is 3cm。
Described straw is corn straw。
Described concentration be 80% 600 times of liquid of Mancozeb can also replace with 800 times of liquid of the thiophanate methyl that concentration is 70%。
Described concentration is 800 times of liquid of 1% matrine can also be that 900 times of liquid of 5% pyrethrin missible oil replace by concentration。
Embodiment 2
The implantation methods of a kind of Mel Lee, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: select height above sea level in the soil of 2000m, and its soil horizon is that 50cm is thick, and the content of organic matter is 60%；And soil is carried out deep ploughing process, the degree of depth is 35cm, during deep ploughing, adds farm manure 400kg according to every mu, after deep ploughing terminates, idle 17 days, then secondary deep ploughing process, it is 7 that secondary deep ploughing processes the pH value adjusting soil, again soil is carried out whole furrow, making furrow height 55cm, furrow width 85cm, form ditch between furrow and furrow, furrow width is 35cm；Adding farm manure again on furrow, every furrow are 35kg, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer is 8kg, and is mixed homogeneously with earth by farm manure, then it is thick to cover 5cm with earth, idle 11 days, stand-by；
(2) graft seedling growth: carry out nursery process in temperature canopy, selecting sand, plant ash and content of humic acid is the fertile soil of 65%, it is as seedling medium in mass ratio after 2:1:2 mix homogeneously, and substrate is processed by the sieve adopting aperture to be 4mm, take sieve base matter paving and be sprinkled upon in temperature canopy, the thickness making substrate is 17cm, and according to the compound fertilizer that every mu is used 75kg, and compound fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate；Choosing moisture again is 35%, and the Radix Fici Hirtae seed that degree of purity is 96% is placed in the warm water of 40 DEG C seed soaking 7h, it is the Mancozeb of 80% by concentration again, according to accounting for after seed weight 0.4% mixes thoroughly, it is sown in above substrate, then adopts earth to cover 0.2cm, and the day temperature in temperature canopy is controlled at 25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 28 DEG C, and keeping humidity in temperature canopy is 35g/m3Grow after Seedling until Radix Fici Hirtae, stromal surface is carried out weeding process, spraying concentration is 900 times of solution of 8% Mancozeb again, spray 2 times, when Radix Fici Hirtae seedling length is to 25cm, block seedling according to substrate 8cm place, and Mel Lee's branch is carried out grafting process as scion, the length of scion is 10cm, to be grafted complete after, control temperature canopy in day temperature at 14 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is at 25 DEG C, carried out water spray to process once every 2-3 days, watering amount is 32kg/ mu, treats that whole young plant length is to 80cm, and base diameter is transplant after 0.4cm；
(3) plant: in annual May, by step 2) to be positioned over temperature be 20 DEG C for the transplanted seedling strain of gained, humidity is the place of 50%, shelter from heat or light and place 11 days, it is planted in step 1 again) on whole good furrow, and the hollow plum Japanese plum choosing nursery stock healthy and strong plants, every mu of 5 strains of planting, hollow plum Japanese plum and transplanted seedling mean allocation on every mu of furrow；
(4) rich water quality management: the nursery stock planted is adopted improving straw mulching, cladding thickness is 15cm, and adopt earth to cover again on straw surface, earth cladding thickness is 7cm, after 40 days, the mode of ditch spread is adopted to carry out fertilizer treatment, during fertilising, the degree of depth of ditch is 20cm, after adopting farm manure to fill up ditch, then carrying out Irrigation levels, irrigation quantity is 2kg/ strain, after having poured water, earth is adopted to cover farm manure 20cm, until repeating above-mentioned fertilising step the February of Second Year, when this applies fertilizer, the degree of depth of ditch is 30cm, and irrigation quantity is 4kg/ strain；When training orientation arrives the August of Second Year, repeat the fertilizer treatment step of above-mentioned First Year,；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: from late June, sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 2000 times of liquid in Japanese plum woods, within every 15 days, spray 1 time, even spray 3 times, and the 800 times of liquid of Mancozeb adopting concentration to be 80% in mid-August spray process, within every 10 days, sprays 1 time, even spray 2 times；Use 1200 times of liquid of matrine that concentration is 1% subsequently instead to spray, afterwards, according still further to every mu with the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 300g that concentration is 50%, mix thoroughly with water 3kg and fine earth 30kg, it is thus achieved that pesticide-clay mixture；During the mode adopting ditch spread with farm manure 700kg after being mixed homogeneously by pesticide-clay mixture again is manured into soil, its ditch depth is 20cm, after fertilising completes, then adopts earth to cover, and earth cladding thickness is 7cm, then Irrigation levels, and irrigation quantity is 1.5kg/ strain；
(6) flower and fruit thinning: remove the Hua Heguo of Japanese plum at the first three years, from the 4th year, within 21 days, carrying out pouring water 4 times before annual blooming, each irrigation quantity is 2kg/ strain, until when coming into bloom, again to the boron fertilizer solution that Japanese plum concentration of sprinkling is 0.3%, and in Japanese plum woods, support 2 barrels of sealings, treat Japanese plum result, and fruit to the stone phase time, remove fruitlet, disease pest fruit, malformed fruit, the top fruit that upwards fruit and tree crown periphery are covered without branch and leaf, the plantation of Mel Lee can be completed。
Described straw can also adopt sawdust to replace, and the thickness covered is 5cm。
Described straw is Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw。
Described concentration be 80% 800 times of liquid of Mancozeb can also replace with 900 times of liquid of the thiophanate methyl that concentration is 70%。
Described concentration is 1200 times of liquid of 1% matrine can also be that 1500 times of liquid of 5% pyrethrin missible oil replace by concentration。
Embodiment 3
The implantation methods of a kind of Mel Lee, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: select height above sea level in the soil of 2500m, and its soil horizon is that 60cm is thick, and the content of organic matter is 70%；And soil is carried out deep ploughing process, the degree of depth is 40cm, during deep ploughing, adds farm manure 500kg according to every mu, after deep ploughing terminates, idle 20 days, then secondary deep ploughing process, it is 7.5 that secondary deep ploughing processes the pH value adjusting soil, again soil is carried out whole furrow, making furrow height 60cm, furrow width 90cm, form ditch between furrow and furrow, furrow width is 40cm；Adding farm manure again on furrow, every furrow are 40kg, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer is 10kg, and is mixed homogeneously with earth by farm manure, then it is thick to cover 7cm with earth, idle 12 days, stand-by；
(2) graft seedling growth: carry out nursery process in temperature canopy, selecting sand, plant ash and content of humic acid is the fertile soil of 70%, it is as seedling medium in mass ratio after 2:1:2 mix homogeneously, and substrate is processed by the sieve adopting aperture to be 4mm, take sieve base matter paving and be sprinkled upon in temperature canopy, the thickness making substrate is 20cm, and according to the compound fertilizer that every mu is used 80kg, and compound fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate；Choosing moisture again is 40%, and the Radix Fici Hirtae seed that degree of purity is 95% is placed in the warm water of 40 DEG C seed soaking 8h, it is the Mancozeb of 80% by concentration again, according to accounting for after seed weight 0.5% mixes thoroughly, it is sown in above substrate, then adopts earth to cover 0.3cm, and the day temperature in temperature canopy is controlled at 28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 30 DEG C, and keeping humidity in temperature canopy is 40g/m3Grow after Seedling until Radix Fici Hirtae, stromal surface is carried out weeding process, spraying concentration is 1000 times of solution of 8% Mancozeb again, spray 2 times, when Radix Fici Hirtae seedling length is to 15cm, block seedling according to substrate 9cm place, and Mel Lee's branch is carried out grafting process as scion, the length of scion is 15cm, to be grafted complete after, control temperature canopy in day temperature at 15 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is at 28 DEG C, carried out water spray to process once every 3 days, watering amount is 35kg/ mu, treats that whole young plant length is to 100cm, and base diameter is transplant after 0.2cm；
(3) plant: in annual June, by step 2) to be positioned over temperature be 25 DEG C for the transplanted seedling strain of gained, humidity is the place of 60%, shelter from heat or light and place 15 days, it is planted in step 1 again) on whole good furrow, and the hollow plum Japanese plum choosing nursery stock healthy and strong plants, every mu of 6 strains of planting, hollow plum Japanese plum and transplanted seedling mean allocation on every mu of furrow；
(4) rich water quality management: the nursery stock planted is adopted improving straw mulching, cladding thickness is 15cm, and adopt earth to cover again on straw surface, earth cladding thickness is 7cm, after 40 days, the mode of ditch spread is adopted to carry out fertilizer treatment, during fertilising, the degree of depth of ditch is 20cm, after adopting farm manure to fill up ditch, then carrying out Irrigation levels, irrigation quantity is 2kg/ strain, after having poured water, earth is adopted to cover farm manure 20cm, until repeating above-mentioned fertilising step the February of Second Year, when this applies fertilizer, the degree of depth of ditch is 30cm, and irrigation quantity is 2kg/ strain；When training orientation arrives the August of Second Year, repeat the fertilizer treatment step of above-mentioned First Year,；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: from late June, sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 2000 times of liquid in Japanese plum woods, within every 15 days, spray 1 time, even spray 3 times, the 800 times of liquid of Mancozeb adopting concentration to be 80% in mid-August spray process, within every 10 days, spray 1 time, even spray 2-3 time；Use 1000 times of liquid of matrine that concentration is 1% subsequently instead to spray, afterwards, according still further to every mu with the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 300g that concentration is 50%, mix thoroughly with water 3kg and fine earth 30kg, it is thus achieved that pesticide-clay mixture；During the mode adopting ditch spread with farm manure 700kg after being mixed homogeneously by pesticide-clay mixture again is manured into soil, its ditch depth is 20cm, after fertilising completes, then adopts earth to cover, and earth cladding thickness is 7cm, then Irrigation levels, and irrigation quantity is 1.5kg/ strain；
(6) flower and fruit thinning: remove the Hua Heguo of Japanese plum at the first three years, from the 4th year, within 21 days, carrying out pouring water 4 times before annual blooming, each irrigation quantity is 4kg/ strain, until when coming into bloom, again to the boron fertilizer solution that Japanese plum concentration of sprinkling is 0.3%, and in Japanese plum woods, support 2 barrels of sealings, treat Japanese plum result, and fruit to the stone phase time, remove fruitlet, disease pest fruit, malformed fruit, the top fruit that upwards fruit and tree crown periphery are covered without branch and leaf, the plantation of Mel Lee can be completed。
Described straw can also adopt sawdust to replace, and the thickness covered is 3cm。
Described straw is wheat stalk。
Described concentration be 80% 800 times of liquid of Mancozeb can also replace with 900 times of liquid of the thiophanate methyl that concentration is 70%。
Described concentration is 1000 times of liquid of 1% matrine can also be that 1500 times of liquid of 5% pyrethrin missible oil replace by concentration。
It is important to point out at this: above example is only limitted to beneficial effects of the present invention and embodiment are further elaborated; it is not intended that the further restriction to technical scheme; those skilled in the art make in foregoing with the present invention not there are prominent substance and the innovation and creation being markedly improved, still fall within the protection category of technical scheme。
Claims (5)
1. the implantation methods of Mel Lee, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: select height above sea level in the soil of 1500-3000m, and its soil horizon is that 40-60cm is thick, and the content of organic matter is 50-70%；And soil is carried out deep ploughing process, the degree of depth is 30-40cm, during deep ploughing, adds farm manure 300-500kg according to every mu, after deep ploughing terminates, idle 15-20 days, then secondary deep ploughing process, it is 6.5-7.5 that secondary deep ploughing processes the pH value adjusting soil, again soil is carried out whole furrow, making furrow height 50-60cm, furrow width 80-90cm, form ditch between furrow and furrow, furrow width is 30-40cm；Adding farm manure again on furrow, every furrow are 20-40kg, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer is 5-10kg, and is mixed homogeneously with earth by farm manure, then it is thick to cover 4-7cm with earth, idle more than 10 days, stand-by；
(2) graft seedling growth: carry out nursery process in temperature canopy, selecting sand, plant ash and content of humic acid is the fertile soil of 60-70%, it is as seedling medium in mass ratio after 2:1:2 mix homogeneously, and adopt the sieve of aperture≤5mm that substrate is processed, take sieve base matter paving and be sprinkled upon in temperature canopy, the thickness making substrate is 15-20cm, and according to the compound fertilizer that every mu is used 65-80kg, and compound fertilizer is mixed homogeneously with substrate；Choosing moisture again is 30-40%, and the Radix Fici Hirtae seed of degree of purity >=95% is placed in the warm water of 35-40 DEG C seed soaking 6-8h, it is the Mancozeb of 80% by concentration again, according to accounting for after seed weight 0.2-0.5% mixes thoroughly, it is sown in above substrate, then adopts earth to cover 0.1-0.3cm, and the day temperature in temperature canopy is controlled at 20-28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 25-30 DEG C, and keeping humidity in temperature canopy is 30-40g/m3, grow after Seedling until Radix Fici Hirtae, stromal surface is carried out weeding process, spraying concentration is 900-1000 times of solution of 8% Mancozeb again, spray 2-3 time, when Radix Fici Hirtae seedling length is to 15-25cm, seedling is blocked according to substrate 5-9cm place, and Mel Lee's branch is carried out grafting process as scion, the length of scion is 5-15cm, to be grafted complete after, control the day temperature in temperature canopy at 11-15 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is at 20-28 DEG C, carried out water spray to process once every 2-3 days, watering amount is 30-35kg/ mu, treat that whole young plant length is to 40-100cm, and transplant after base diameter >=0.2cm；
(3) plant: in annual 4-6 month, the transplanted seedling strain of step (2) gained is positioned over temperature and is 5-25 DEG C, humidity is the place of 40-60%, shelter from heat or light and place 10-15 days, it is planted on the whole good furrow of step (1) again, and the hollow plum Japanese plum choosing nursery stock healthy and strong plants, every mu of 4-6 strain of planting, hollow plum Japanese plum and transplanted seedling mean allocation on every mu of furrow；
(4) rich water quality management: the nursery stock planted is adopted improving straw mulching, cladding thickness is 10-15cm, and adopt earth to cover again on straw surface, earth cladding thickness is 4-7cm, after 30-40 days, the mode adopting ditch spread carries out fertilizer treatment, during fertilising, the degree of depth of ditch is 15-20cm, after adopting farm manure to fill up ditch, carry out Irrigation levels again, irrigation quantity is 1-2kg/ strain, after having poured water, earth is adopted to cover farm manure 10-20cm, until the 1-2 month of Second Year repeats above-mentioned fertilising step, when this applies fertilizer, the degree of depth of ditch is 20-30cm, irrigation quantity is 2-4kg/ strain；When training orientation arrives 7-8 month of Second Year, the mode repeating above-mentioned employing ditch spread carries out fertilizer treatment, during fertilising, the degree of depth of ditch is 15-20cm, after adopting farm manure to fill up ditch, then carries out Irrigation levels, irrigation quantity is 1-2kg/ strain, after having poured water, earth is adopted to cover the fertilizer treatment step of farm manure 10-20cm,；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: from late June, sprays the Bordeaux mixture of 2000 times of liquid in Japanese plum woods, within every 15 days, sprays 1 time, even spray 2-3 time, the 600-800 times of liquid of Mancozeb adopting concentration to be 80% in mid-August sprays process, within every 10 days, sprays 1 time, even spray 2-3 time；Use 800-1200 times of liquid of matrine that concentration is 1% subsequently instead to spray, afterwards, according still further to every mu with the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 300g that concentration is 50%, mix thoroughly with water 3kg and fine earth 30kg, it is thus achieved that pesticide-clay mixture；During the mode adopting ditch spread with farm manure 500-700kg after being mixed homogeneously by pesticide-clay mixture again is manured into soil, its ditch depth is 15-20cm, after fertilising completes, then adopts earth to cover, and earth cladding thickness is 4-7cm, then Irrigation levels, and irrigation quantity is 1-1.5kg/ strain；
(6) flower and fruit thinning: remove the Hua Heguo of Japanese plum at the first three years, from the 4th year, within 14-21 days, carrying out pouring water 2-4 time before annual blooming, each irrigation quantity is 2-4kg/ strain, until when coming into bloom, again to the boron fertilizer solution that Japanese plum concentration of sprinkling is 0.3%, and in Japanese plum woods, support 1-2 bucket Apis, treat Japanese plum result, and fruit to the stone phase time, remove fruitlet, disease pest fruit, malformed fruit, the top fruit that upwards fruit and tree crown periphery are covered without branch and leaf, the plantation of Mel Lee can be completed。
2. the implantation methods of Mel Lee as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described straw can also adopt sawdust to replace, and the thickness covered is 3-5cm。
3. the implantation methods of Mel Lee as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described straw is the mixture in any proportion of one or more in corn straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, wheat stalk, Caulis Sacchari sinensis straw。
4. the implantation methods of Mel Lee as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described concentration be 80% 600-800 times of liquid of Mancozeb can also replace with 800-900 times of liquid of the thiophanate methyl that concentration is 70%。
5. the implantation methods of Mel Lee as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described concentration is 800-1200 times of liquid of 1% matrine can also be that 900-1500 times of liquid of 5% pyrethrin missible oil replaces by concentration。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410637383.3A CN104396667B (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | A kind of implantation methods of Mel Lee |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410637383.3A CN104396667B (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | A kind of implantation methods of Mel Lee |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104396667B true CN104396667B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN105028087A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-11 | 重庆蓓博家庭农场 | Planting method of plum tree |
| CN105052660A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-18 | 刘小波 | Method for mixed planting of plum trees and grape vines |
| CN105613059A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-01 | 段南方 | Plum grafting method |
| CN108738958A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-06 | 晴隆县沙子镇绿化基地 | A kind of implantation methods of bee sugar Lee |
| CN108633667A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | 金寨县金绿源特色中药材种植农场 | A kind of cultural method of wild bletilla striata |
| CN110558078A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | method for cultivating grafted seedlings of prunus salicina |
| CN110558138A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-13 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | high-yield planting method for bee sugar plums |
| CN110859105A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-03-06 | 贵州朝鑫生态农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of bee sugar plums |
| CN110810112A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-02-21 | 贵州良海农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for planting bee sugar plums in sandy slope land |
| CN110800547A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-02-18 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | Honey plum seedling raising method |
| CN111699904A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 安顺市农业科学院 | Planting method of bee sugar plums |
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| CN102726266A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-17 | 林光德 | Cultivation method of purple amber plum tree |
| CN102265767A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-12-07 | 北京中医药大学 | Prunus humilis cultivation technology |
| CN102613042B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-04 | 高县泗合院农业科技有限公司 | Method for increasing yield of plums |
| CN102919092A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-13 | 徐金芳 | Grafting method of wild peach |
| CN103733935B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-09-30 | 铜陵美味经果林种植专业合作社 | The method of the light yellow Li Pei seedling of a kind of peach stock grafting |
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