CN105613059A - Plum grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a plum grafting method. The plum grafting method includes the steps of 1) plum seedling selection, 2) grafting, 3) management and 4) insect pest damage prevention, wherein the management step includes (1), in the blossom drop period, when blossoms drop and plums drop for the first time during plum forming, paying attention to weather change and needing manual flickering if in absence of breeze so as to prevent petals from being adhered on the plums to rot and affect plum growth; (2), in the fruit setting period, spraying a small quantity of auxiliary chemicals for retaining flowers and the plums so as to obtain pollution-free plums; (3), in the picking period, supplementing nutrients, farmyard manure and special fertilizer for plum trees in time so as to enable the plum trees to be capable of absorbing part of nutrients in the dormant period in winter and start to absorb the nutrients in quantity to meet the needs of tree vigor development and the plums. The plum grafting method has the advantages that through plum seedling selection, grafting and management, large fruit bearing quantity, fewer plant diseases and insect pests, big plums and high yield are guaranteed.

Description

The engrafting method of plum

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting technology, in particular to the planting technology of a kind of oranges and tangerines.

Background technology

Plum is the fruit of rosaceous plant Japanese plum, another name good Ying Zi, cloth continuous heavy rain, plum, Jade Emperor Lee, mountain plum, and ripe between 7��August, full mellow and full, exquisitely carved, form is pretty and dazzling, and taste is sweet, is one of fruit of liking most of people, extensively cultivates all over the world.

But existing plum tree cultivating method is comparatively extensive, the inadequate system of planting technology causes the output of plum lower.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide the engrafting method of a kind of plum, to solve the low problem of existing plum tree output.

The engrafting method of a kind of plum of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

1) selection of plum seedling:

Plum seedling seedling wants shape, and without disease and pest, unmanned is damage, and seedling length is at about 50 centimeters, and seedling body is trapped among about 0.2 centimeter, and best planting generation is the 9-12 month, and weather is gentle, rainfall is abundant, easy seat root growth;

2) grafting

The middle aged tree branch selecting tree gesture vigorous, grafting is enclosed on the treelet of 0.3 centimeter at seedling body, and it is the most suitable at about 20 centimeters that terrain clearance needs;

3) manage

(1) the fallen flowers phase

When fruit is formed when first time fruit drop, it should be noted that the change of weather, as not having to need when a gentle wind springing up manually to flicker, prevents petal from sticking in the growth of fruit of rotting to affect on fruit;

(2) the seat fruit phase

Fruit between vegetative period can not with the agricultural chemicals of high residue because fruit is bigger to illumination and water demand especially between growth expanding stage, it may also be useful to the agricultural chemicals of high residue remains in fruit harmful after being absorbed by fruit; Can only spray with the complementary medicine of some flower and fruit protectings on a small quantity; Do safety tea garden;

(3) collecting period

Adopting when connecing complete, be about to enter autumn and winter, the nutriment of fruit tree exhausts substantially, to be supplemented nutriment, farm manure, fruit-specific fertilizer in time, allow fruit tree can absorb part nutriment in resting stage in winter, start to absorb in a large number nutriment in spring, meet the development of tree gesture and the demand of fruit

4) insect-pest

To be removed the weeds on ground when entering autumn and winter, reduce parasitic insect pest; Carrying out fruit tree being watered with lime adding brushes at tree, 1 meter, bar bottom after a small amount of salt stirs; Prevent from parasite from climbing the tree to survive the winter; Infringement in coming year tree gesture and fruit.

Further, in step 3) in, also comprise pruning

(1) best fruiting period:

Utilizing key branch often to change the method for head, control tree body size, upper strata branch and peripheral branch should combine with unrestrained, retraction; namely density stays rare, goes prosperous to stay strong, and slow the putting of the branch of reservation is not cut; next year bounces back in suitable bifurcation again; reduce peripheral branches and leaves, the illumination condition of thorax and lower floor in improving, relax tree crown top and peripheral growth potential; fruit-bearing shoot cluster should be dredged weak stay strong; going always to stay newly, in a planned way bounce back rejuvenation by stages, in batches, controls its density and length. Removed close branch, intersection branch, sick branch and thin and weak branch etc., to save nutrient, ventilation and penetrating light.

(2) senescence phase

Main side shoot carries out retraction rejuvenation in time, and excessively long, excessively old branch group, also should suitably bounce back. After retraction, generally can sprout more strong branch, cultivate new key branch and branch group, form new tree crown;

(3) prune summer

Summer, pruning referred to the pruning in the season of growth, generally carries out in mid-June to early July, comprising: 1. pinching: the vegetative point plucking branch between vegetative period, and the concrete time should determine according to kind, cultivation condition and object;

2. turn round the tip: the tip of the new tip is sprained, but do not turn round disconnected, generally have all available this method Developing restraint of the branch of excessive growth of utility value. Turning round the tip to carry out in new tip growth length enough used times, spraining position will at semi-lignified place;

3. ring stripping: carry out close to when stopping growing at the new tip, prosperous tree trunk or bough done girdling, peeling width shelled about the 1/10 of twig diameter, short flower successful;

4. take branch: with hand-held live bottom in branch, repeatedly pinch and hold, make shoot tissue impaired, in level or oblique growth;

Summer cuts the application time that all GPRS is correct and the objective for implementation (Wang Shu of treelet or non-result) of each measure, to be removed the branch of excessive growth, coppice shoot, withered branch when the summer cuts.

The useful effect of the present invention:

The engrafting method of plum of the present invention, it is by the selection of plum seedling, grafting, management, ensure that plum rime fruit amount is big, and disease and pest is few, and fruit is big, output height.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

The engrafting method of a kind of plum of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

1) selection of plum seedling:

Plum seedling seedling wants shape, and without disease and pest, unmanned is damage, and seedling length is at about 50 centimeters, and seedling body is trapped among about 0.2 centimeter, and best planting generation is the 9-12 month, and weather is gentle, rainfall is abundant, easy seat root growth;

2) grafting

The middle aged tree branch selecting tree gesture vigorous, grafting is enclosed on the treelet of 0.3 centimeter at seedling body, and it is the most suitable at about 20 centimeters that terrain clearance needs;

3) manage

(1) the fallen flowers phase

When fruit is formed when first time fruit drop, it should be noted that the change of weather, as not having to need when a gentle wind springing up manually to flicker, prevents petal from sticking in the growth of fruit of rotting to affect on fruit;

(2) the seat fruit phase

Fruit between vegetative period can not with the agricultural chemicals of high residue because fruit is bigger to illumination and water demand especially between growth expanding stage, it may also be useful to the agricultural chemicals of high residue remains in fruit harmful after being absorbed by fruit; Can only spray with the complementary medicine of some flower and fruit protectings on a small quantity; Do safety tea garden;

(3) collecting period

Adopting when connecing complete, be about to enter autumn and winter, the nutriment of fruit tree exhausts substantially, to be supplemented nutriment, farm manure, fruit-specific fertilizer in time, allow fruit tree can absorb part nutriment in resting stage in winter, start to absorb in a large number nutriment in spring, meet the development of tree gesture and the demand of fruit

4) insect-pest

To be removed the weeds on ground when entering autumn and winter, reduce parasitic insect pest; Carrying out fruit tree being watered with lime adding brushes at tree, 1 meter, bar bottom after a small amount of salt stirs; Prevent from parasite from climbing the tree to survive the winter; Infringement in coming year tree gesture and fruit.

Further, in step 3) in, also comprise pruning

(1) best fruiting period:

Utilizing key branch often to change the method for head, control tree body size, upper strata branch and peripheral branch should combine with unrestrained, retraction; namely density stays rare, goes prosperous to stay strong, and slow the putting of the branch of reservation is not cut; next year bounces back in suitable bifurcation again; reduce peripheral branches and leaves, the illumination condition of thorax and lower floor in improving, relax tree crown top and peripheral growth potential; fruit-bearing shoot cluster should be dredged weak stay strong; going always to stay newly, in a planned way bounce back rejuvenation by stages, in batches, controls its density and length. Removed close branch, intersection branch, sick branch and thin and weak branch etc., to save nutrient, ventilation and penetrating light.

(2) senescence phase

Main side shoot carries out retraction rejuvenation in time, and excessively long, excessively old branch group, also should suitably bounce back. After retraction, generally can sprout more strong branch, cultivate new key branch and branch group, form new tree crown;

(3) prune summer

Summer, pruning referred to the pruning in the season of growth, generally carries out in mid-June to early July, comprising: 1. pinching: the vegetative point plucking branch between vegetative period, and the concrete time should determine according to kind, cultivation condition and object;

2. turn round the tip: the tip of the new tip is sprained, but do not turn round disconnected, generally have all available this method Developing restraint of the branch of excessive growth of utility value. Turning round the tip to carry out in new tip growth length enough used times, spraining position will at semi-lignified place;

3. ring stripping: carry out close to when stopping growing at the new tip, prosperous tree trunk or bough done girdling, peeling width shelled about the 1/10 of twig diameter, short flower successful;

4. take branch: with hand-held live bottom in branch, repeatedly pinch and hold, make shoot tissue impaired, in level or oblique growth;

Summer cuts the application time that all GPRS is correct and the objective for implementation (Wang Shu of treelet or non-result) of each measure, to be removed the branch of excessive growth, coppice shoot, withered branch when the summer cuts.

What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to better embodiment to invention has been detailed explanation, it will be understood by those within the art that, the technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or equivalent replacement, and not departing from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the right of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the engrafting method of a plum, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:

1) selection of plum seedling:

Plum seedling seedling wants shape, and without disease and pest, unmanned is damage, and seedling length is at about 50 centimeters, and seedling body is trapped among about 0.2 centimeter, and best planting generation is the 9-12 month, and weather is gentle, rainfall is abundant, easy seat root growth;

2) grafting

The middle aged tree branch selecting tree gesture vigorous, grafting is enclosed on the treelet of 0.3 centimeter at seedling body, and it is the most suitable at about 20 centimeters that terrain clearance needs;

3) manage

(1) the fallen flowers phase

When fruit is formed when first time fruit drop, it should be noted that the change of weather, as not having to need when a gentle wind springing up manually to flicker, prevents petal from sticking in the growth of fruit of rotting to affect on fruit;

(2) the seat fruit phase

Fruit between vegetative period can not with the agricultural chemicals of high residue because fruit is bigger to illumination and water demand especially between growth expanding stage, it may also be useful to the agricultural chemicals of high residue remains in fruit harmful after being absorbed by fruit; Can only spray with the complementary medicine of some flower and fruit protectings on a small quantity; Do safety tea garden;

(3) collecting period

Adopting when connecing complete, be about to enter autumn and winter, the nutriment of fruit tree exhausts substantially, to be supplemented nutriment, farm manure, fruit-specific fertilizer in time, allow fruit tree can absorb part nutriment in resting stage in winter, start to absorb in a large number nutriment in spring, meet the development of tree gesture and the demand of fruit

4) insect-pest

To be removed the weeds on ground when entering autumn and winter, reduce parasitic insect pest; Carrying out fruit tree being watered with lime adding brushes at tree, 1 meter, bar bottom after a small amount of salt stirs; Prevent from parasite from climbing the tree to survive the winter; Infringement in coming year tree gesture and fruit.

2. the engrafting method of plum as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3) in, also comprise pruning

(1) best fruiting period:

Utilizing key branch often to change the method for head, control tree body size, upper strata branch and peripheral branch should combine with unrestrained, retraction; namely density stays rare, goes prosperous to stay strong, and slow the putting of the branch of reservation is not cut; next year bounces back in suitable bifurcation again; reduce peripheral branches and leaves, the illumination condition of thorax and lower floor in improving, relax tree crown top and peripheral growth potential; fruit-bearing shoot cluster should be dredged weak stay strong; going always to stay newly, in a planned way bounce back rejuvenation by stages, in batches, controls its density and length. Removed close branch, intersection branch, sick branch and thin and weak branch etc., to save nutrient, ventilation and penetrating light.

(2) senescence phase

Main side shoot carries out retraction rejuvenation in time, and excessively long, excessively old branch group, also should suitably bounce back. After retraction, generally can sprout more strong branch, cultivate new key branch and branch group, form new tree crown;

(3) prune summer

Summer, pruning referred to the pruning in the season of growth, generally carries out in mid-June to early July, comprising: 1. pinching: the vegetative point plucking branch between vegetative period, and the concrete time should determine according to kind, cultivation condition and object;

2. turn round the tip: the tip of the new tip is sprained, but do not turn round disconnected, generally have all available this method Developing restraint of the branch of excessive growth of utility value. Turning round the tip to carry out in new tip growth length enough used times, spraining position will at semi-lignified place;

3. ring stripping: carry out close to when stopping growing at the new tip, prosperous tree trunk or bough done girdling, peeling width shelled about the 1/10 of twig diameter, short flower successful;

4. take branch: with hand-held live bottom in branch, repeatedly pinch and hold, make shoot tissue impaired, in level or oblique growth;

Summer cuts the application time that all GPRS is correct and the objective for implementation (Wang Shu of treelet or non-result) of each measure, to be removed the branch of excessive growth, coppice shoot, withered branch when the summer cuts.