CN104798607A - Purple-leaf plum grafting and seedling nursing method - Google Patents
Purple-leaf plum grafting and seedling nursing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104798607A CN104798607A CN201510226399.XA CN201510226399A CN104798607A CN 104798607 A CN104798607 A CN 104798607A CN 201510226399 A CN201510226399 A CN 201510226399A CN 104798607 A CN104798607 A CN 104798607A
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- grafting
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- prunus cerasifera
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a purple-leaf plum grafting and seedling nursing method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating rootstock seedlings: 1) land preparation, 2) seeding and 3) seedling stage management; (2) grafting purple-leaf plum; (3) performing post-management on purple-leaf plum. Mountain peach is taken as a rootstock, and purple-leaf plum is taken as scions, so that the survival rate is up to 90 percent, the grafting period is short, and a growing speed is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, belong to stock growing technical field.
Background technology
Prunus cerasifera (
prunus ceraiferacv. Pissardii), belong to rose family Prunus dungarunga, another name bedleaf cherry plum, tender leaf is scarlet, and Lao Ye is purplish red, is the improved seeds seen leaf, see flower.Tree crown is circular or oblate, sprig bronzing.Hua Dansheng or 2 ~ 3 consor, pink, 4 ~ May of florescence.Happiness sunlight, happiness temperature climate, does not resist cold, comparatively moisture-proof.Strong to soil suitability, there is certain drought-resistant ability.Root system is more shallow, and germinating power is stronger.Originate in the west and south, Asia, widely plant in China North China and areas to the south thereof.In prior art, prunus cerasifera commonly uses grafting and breeding in producing, and more options mountain peach, ansu apricot, flowering plum etc. make stock.But survival rate is lower, and the cycle of grafting is long, poor growth.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the invention is to, provide a kind of prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, survival rate is high, and the constant time range of grafting, growth is rapidly.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated
1. wholely
Nursery lot is applying muck 60 t/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed spring then
2, plough deeply, after weeds all germinate and grow, then farming 1 ~ 2 time, slaking of exposing to the sun and rain through summer, to play activation, improvement soil, culture fertility, to kill the effect of wintering pest;
2. sow
The mountain peach seed clear water be collected is soaked 24 ~ 48 h, makes it fully absorb water, make seed moisture more than 60%; Trench digging point broadcast mode is adopted autumn to sow then, ditch depth 3 ~ 4 cm, line-spacing 25 cm, spacing in the rows 20 cm, seeding quantity 1 125 kg/hm
2;
3. seedling management
After emerging spring in next year, progressively hardening, after seedling growth is normal, in good time thinning, strengthens water, fertilizer, intertill and clean tillage, pruning;
(2) prunus cerasifera grafting
After mountain peach grows 1 year, to Second Year March, the cut-grafting in scion grafting is adopted to carry out grafting, the annual prunus cerasifera branch that growth selection is healthy and strong, lateral bud is full does scion, the side cutter of scion lower end is whittled into the straight smooth bevel that 2 ~ 3 cm are long, be with xylem, opposite side relative for lower end is also cut inclined-plane at 45 °, and scion is cut and is stayed 5 ~ 6 cm length, 1 ~ 3 bud; Meanwhile, cut off stock at stock apart from 3 ~ 10cm place, ground, cross section is level and smooth, does not hinder bark; Select stock skin thicker in, smooth joint, the side that the grain of wood is straight, with grafting knife between the side xylem and cortex of stock, band xylem vertically cuts 3 cm, prevents from too quicklyly cutting away anvil skin; Again the long bevel of prunus cerasifera branch is inserted otch in the face of the large bevel of stock, the formation layer of scion bevel both sides is aimed at, upper dew 1 ~ 3mm wound; Then wrap in outside scion with plastic film tape by stock otch cortex, bondage is solid, pinions all wounds, comprises and showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
(3) prunus cerasifera connects rear management
Check after grafting 7 ~ 10 d and survive situation, the benefit immediately of not taking over a job is connect; Survive to lighten restrictions in time afterwards, bud picking; Pinching when growing to 10 ~ 15 cm when buddering; Permeable 1 time is filled with after grafting.
Aforesaid prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (1), with water seed soaking 2 ~ 3 d before sowing, uses 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, with sowing after phoxim 500 times of liquid seed dressings, can prevent mouse from endangering.
Aforesaid prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (1), after planting suppression of soil, fills with foot and fill with saturating winter water.
Aforesaid prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (1) seedling management, the every 15 d foliage-spray 0.3% phosphorus potash fertilizer of growing period 1 time, and prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time, the pinching when nursery stock reaches 30 cm height, promotes that increasing is thick and ripe.
Aforesaid prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (2), film is cut an osculum after germinateing by scion above bud, is beneficial to blastogenesis long.
Aforesaid prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (3), grafting also comprises the step of pouring water, weed with a hoe, topdress and preventing to eliminate aphis later.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches: the present invention selects mountain peach to do stock, and prunus cerasifera does scion, survival rate is up to 90%, and the constant time range of grafting, growth is rapidly.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below.Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated
1. wholely
Nursery lot is applying muck 60 t/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed spring then
2, plough deeply, after weeds all germinate and grow, then farming 1 ~ 2 time, slaking of exposing to the sun and rain through summer, to play activation, improvement soil, culture fertility, to kill the effect of wintering pest;
2. sow
The mountain peach seed clear water be collected is soaked 24 ~ 48 h, makes it fully absorb water, make seed moisture more than 60%; With water seed soaking 2 ~ 3 d before sowing, use 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, with sowing after phoxim 500 times of liquid seed dressings, can prevent mouse from endangering; Trench digging point broadcast mode is adopted autumn to sow then, ditch depth 3 ~ 4 cm, line-spacing 25 cm, spacing in the rows 20 cm, seeding quantity 1 125 kg/hm
2; After planting suppression of soil, fills with foot and fills with saturating winter water;
3. seedling management
After emerging spring in next year, progressively hardening, after seedling growth is normal, in good time thinning, strengthens water, fertilizer, intertill and clean tillage, pruning; The every 15 d foliage-spray 0.3% phosphorus potash fertilizer of growing period 1 time, and prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time, the pinching when nursery stock reaches 30 cm height, promotes that increasing is thick and ripe.
(2) prunus cerasifera grafting
After mountain peach grows 1 year, to Second Year March, the cut-grafting in scion grafting is adopted to carry out grafting, the annual prunus cerasifera branch that growth selection is healthy and strong, lateral bud is full does scion, the side cutter of scion lower end is whittled into the straight smooth bevel that 2 ~ 3 cm are long, be with xylem, opposite side relative for lower end is also cut inclined-plane at 45 °, and scion is cut and is stayed 5 ~ 6 cm length, 1 ~ 3 bud; Meanwhile, cut off stock at stock apart from 3 ~ 10cm place, ground, cross section is level and smooth, does not hinder bark; Select stock skin thicker in, smooth joint, the side that the grain of wood is straight, with grafting knife between the side xylem and cortex of stock, band xylem vertically cuts 3 cm, prevents from too quicklyly cutting away anvil skin; Again the long bevel of prunus cerasifera branch is inserted otch in the face of the large bevel of stock, the formation layer of scion bevel both sides is aimed at, upper dew 1 ~ 3mm wound; Then wrap in outside scion with plastic film tape by stock otch cortex, bondage is solid, pinions all wounds, comprises and showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally; Film is cut an osculum after germinateing by scion above bud, is beneficial to blastogenesis long.
(3) prunus cerasifera connects rear management
Check after grafting 7 ~ 10 d and survive situation, the benefit immediately of not taking over a job is connect; Survive to lighten restrictions in time afterwards, bud picking; Pinching when growing to 10 ~ 15 cm when buddering; Permeable 1 time is filled with after grafting; Grafting also comprises the step of pouring water, weed with a hoe, topdress and preventing to eliminate aphis later.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and distortion, these improve and distortion also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated
1. wholely
Nursery lot is applying muck 60 t/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed spring then
2, plough deeply, after weeds all germinate and grow, then farming 1 ~ 2 time;
2. sow
The mountain peach seed clear water be collected is soaked 24 ~ 48 h, makes seed moisture more than 60%; Trench digging point broadcast mode is adopted autumn to sow then, ditch depth 3 ~ 4 cm, line-spacing 25 cm, spacing in the rows 20 cm, seeding quantity 1 125 kg/hm
2;
3. seedling management
After emerging spring in next year, progressively hardening, after seedling growth is normal, in good time thinning, strengthens water, fertilizer, intertill and clean tillage, pruning;
(2) prunus cerasifera grafting
After mountain peach grows 1 year, to Second Year March, the cut-grafting in scion grafting is adopted to carry out grafting, the annual prunus cerasifera branch that growth selection is healthy and strong, lateral bud is full does scion, the side cutter of scion lower end is whittled into the straight smooth bevel that 2 ~ 3 cm are long, be with xylem, opposite side relative for lower end is also cut inclined-plane at 45 °, and scion is cut and is stayed 5 ~ 6 cm length, 1 ~ 3 bud; Meanwhile, cut off stock at stock apart from 3 ~ 10cm place, ground, cross section is level and smooth, does not hinder bark; Select stock skin thicker in, smooth joint, the side that the grain of wood is straight, with grafting knife between the side xylem and cortex of stock, band xylem vertically cuts 3 cm, prevents from too quicklyly cutting away anvil skin; Again the long bevel of prunus cerasifera branch is inserted otch in the face of the large bevel of stock, the formation layer of scion bevel both sides is aimed at, upper dew 1 ~ 3mm wound; Then with plastic film tape, stock otch cortex is wrapped in outside scion, pinion all wounds, comprise and showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
(3) prunus cerasifera connects rear management
Check after grafting 7 ~ 10 d and survive situation, the benefit immediately of not taking over a job is connect; Survive to lighten restrictions in time afterwards, bud picking; Pinching when growing to 10 ~ 15 cm when buddering; Permeable 1 time is filled with after grafting.
2. prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (1), with water seed soaking 2 ~ 3 d before sowing, uses 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, with sowing after phoxim 500 times of liquid seed dressings.
3. prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (1), after planting suppression of soil, fills with foot and fill with saturating winter water.
4. prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (1) seedling management, and the every 15 d foliage-spray 0.3% phosphorus potash fertilizer of growing period 1 time, and prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time, the pinching when nursery stock reaches 30 cm height.
5. prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (2), film is cut an osculum after germinateing by scion above bud.
6. prunus cerasifera grafting seedlings-growing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (3), grafting also comprises the step of pouring water, weed with a hoe, topdress and preventing to eliminate aphis later.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105325180A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县田隆花木种植有限公司 | Method for carrying out grafting and seedling cultivating on prunus cerasifera |
CN105613059A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-01 | 段南方 | Plum grafting method |
CN105850519A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 句容市满园春家庭农场 | Grating cultivation method for prolonging flowering period of purple-leaf plum bonsai |
CN105900700A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 句容市满园春家庭农场 | Grafting and breeding method for purple-leaf plum |
CN107129339A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-05 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of red crisp Lee |
CN108811829A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州关岭阿依苗生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of crisp Lee of blueness |
CN108966891A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A method of preparing Lee, the sterile scion of apricot silver leaf |
CN109121994A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-04 | 宣汉县庙安水果专业合作社 | A kind of method of red crisp Lee's graft seedling growth |
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CN104335875A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-11 | 何猛 | Cultivation method of purple-leaf plums |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105325180A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县田隆花木种植有限公司 | Method for carrying out grafting and seedling cultivating on prunus cerasifera |
CN105613059A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-01 | 段南方 | Plum grafting method |
CN105850519A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 句容市满园春家庭农场 | Grating cultivation method for prolonging flowering period of purple-leaf plum bonsai |
CN105900700A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 句容市满园春家庭农场 | Grafting and breeding method for purple-leaf plum |
CN107129339A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-05 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of red crisp Lee |
CN108811829A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州关岭阿依苗生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of crisp Lee of blueness |
CN108966891A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A method of preparing Lee, the sterile scion of apricot silver leaf |
CN108966891B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-11-10 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for preparing aseptic scions of plum and apricot |
CN109121994A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-04 | 宣汉县庙安水果专业合作社 | A kind of method of red crisp Lee's graft seedling growth |
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