CN104335875A

CN104335875A - Cultivation method of purple-leaf plums

Info

Publication number: CN104335875A
Application number: CN201310343449.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何猛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-08-08
Filing date: 2013-08-08
Publication date: 2015-02-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of purple-leaf plums and belongs to the technical field of ornamental tree cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: when the purple-leaf plums are planted in a large area, firstly, a garden is built and the purple-leaf plums are planted, namely fertile, wet and neutral or acidic sandy soil which avoids wind, faces to sun and is in sufficient sunshine is selected, good irrigation and drainage conditions are provided, the area of a tree hole during field planting is 0.9-1 m<2>, 60-70 purple-leaf plums are planted in each mu of the soil (mu is 1/6 of acre), and a basic fertilizer is fully applied; secondly, the fertilizer and water management is performed, namely the newly planted purple-leaf plum seedlings are watered once per 10-12 days and then are fully watered once each month according to the weather conditions, and 20-25 kg of an organic compound fertilizer is applied once in the late autumn; thirdly, the pruning operation is performed, namely the purple-leaf plums are pruned to be in natural shape; finally, the disease and pest damage control is performed, namely the main pests of the purple-leaf plums, including red spiders, slug moths, bag-like moths, leafhoppers, aphids and scale insects, can be sprayed and killed by pesticides. The method is a planting method summarized in a process of planting the purple-leaf plums for years, and is proved by practice that the effect is good.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of prunus cerasifera

Technical field:

The invention belongs to and view and admire tree technical field of cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method of prunus cerasifera.

Background technology:

Prunus cerasifera has another name called bedleaf cherry plum, for rose family Prunus defoliation small arbor, Gao Keda 8 meters, dry hide purplish grey, sprig reddish tan, equal Glabrous, single leaf alternate, leaf oval or oblong shape lanceolar, long 4.5-6 centimetre, wide 2-4 centimetre, the short point of tip, base portion wedge shape, the tapering sawtooth of edge tool, look dirty-green or purplish red, the smooth many Non-gland body of petiole, Hua Dansheng or 2 piece clusters, white, about 25 pieces, stamen, slightly be shorter than petal, flower portion is without hair, drupe oblate spheroid, footpath 1-3 centimetre, yellow time ripe, red or purple, bright or micro-by white powder, floral leaf is with putting, April at florescence, fruit is often caducous.Prunus cerasifera happiness sunlight, happiness warm and moist weather, has certain drought-resistant ability, strong to soil suitability, not drought-resistant, more water-fast wet, but well-grown in, acid ground neutral at fertile, deep, well-drained clayey, not alkaline-resisting, with grit soil as well, clay soil also can grow, and root system is more shallow, and germinating power is stronger.Prunus cerasifera has extremely wide purposes in afforestation, can avenue system in street, flower bed, building surrounding, both sides of highway etc., planting system has isolated planting: the tall and big plentiful plant isolated planting of roguing shape is in the centrostigma of critical positions or sight line, near entrance, in garden or lawn, independent Cheng Jing, can play the central viewpoint of view or guide the effect of sight line; Group planting: intersperse in Garden Greenland with becoming clump with other plant by prunus cerasifera, has both enriched Landscape Color, has enlivened again gardens atmosphere; Mass-planting or sheet are planted: be that chief species are planted in groups in flakes with prunus cerasifera, form amenity forest, and leaf look and the attitude of uniqueness are all very beautiful throughout the year.Its effect of beautifying will be better than simple green landscape woods far away; Prunus cerasifera is also conventional garden ornamental tree species.The present invention is a kind of cultivation method of prunus cerasifera mass-planting, select the ground of sunny, that draining is good, fertile, moistening neutrality or acid sandy loam, planted before winter, plant pit will have been dug before planting, use sufficient base manure and topdress, carry out the work of beta pruning and prevention and elimination of disease and pests, tree-like grace can be nurtured, tree spends bright-coloured, that fruit is plentiful prunus cerasifera to set.

Summary of the invention:

The problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of method of commerial growing prunus cerasifera, and the step of the method has: plant in the garden of building, rich water quality management, pruning, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, through practice test, its cultivation effect is good.

A method for commerial growing prunus cerasifera, is characterized in that being made up of following steps:

(1) build garden to plant: prunus cerasifera is warm temperate zone seeds, happiness light, should select leeward on the sunny side, fertile, the moistening neutrality of illumination abundance or acid sandy loam, have good irrigation and drainage condition, the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated is planted before entering the winter, tree well during field planting wants 0.9-1 rice square, mu plants 60-70 strain, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, in plant pit, draining must be beneficial to by refinement sandstone, before planting, root system must be stained with the mud containing root-inducing powder, the depth of planting, with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, is watered permeable after cultivation.

(2) rich water quality management: prunus cerasifera seedling of newly planting should often water once in 10-12 days, later monthly according to weather condition respectively water 1 time permeable, when rainwater is more, also should draining in time, also should water foot before entering the winter, irrigate freeze-up water; Prunus cerasifera happiness is fertile, and enter the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of autogamy as base manure except when planting in hole bottom application, total amount is 75-80 kilogram, then executes 1 compoiste fertilizer in autumn end, and total amount is 20-25 kilogram.

(3) pruning: natural open centre shape is selected in the shaping of prunus cerasifera, its trimming method is: after seedling planting, at dry high 0.5-1 rice, cutting back is carried out to it, it is not made to grow into major branch elongated shoot, only choose 3-5 newborn branch to decide branch, the institute's major branch that stays distribution should be roughly even, then prunes year by year by the method for evacuating layering shape pruning major branch.　

(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Pests of prunus cerasifera has two spotted spider mite, slug moth, cloth bag moth, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect, two spotted spider mite can be sprayed with 40% Dicofol emulsion, 1000 times of liquid, slug moth, cloth bag moth BT emulsion 1000 times of liquid are sprayed, scale insect, leafhopper 10% Imidacloprid, 1500 times of liquid are sprayed, and aphid shovel aphid 500 times of liquid are sprayed; Disease has Bacterial septicaemia syndrome, can spray the bacterium spirit of 95% or streptomycin wetting powder 500 times of liquid of 15%.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of method providing commerial growing prunus cerasifera, through practice test, the method is simple and easy to do, prunus cerasifera can be made to set and grow up strong and sturdy, and tree-like grace, fruit are plentiful, tree body resistance against diseases is strong.

Embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

Plant in the garden of building: prunus cerasifera is warm temperate zone seeds, happiness light, should select leeward on the sunny side, fertile, the moistening neutrality of illumination abundance or acid sandy loam, have good irrigation and drainage condition, the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated is planted before entering the winter, tree well during field planting want 0.9 meter square, mu plants 70 strains, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, in plant pit, draining must be beneficial to by refinement sandstone, before planting, root system must be stained with the mud containing root-inducing powder, the depth of planting, with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, is watered permeable after cultivation.Rich water quality management: prunus cerasifera seedling of newly planting should water once in every 12 days, later monthly according to weather condition respectively water 1 time permeable, when rainwater is more, also should draining in time, also should water foot before entering the winter, irrigate freeze-up water; Prunus cerasifera happiness is fertile, and enter the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of autogamy as base manure except when planting in hole bottom application, total amount is 75 kilograms, then executes 1 composite fertilizer in autumn end, and total amount is 25 kilograms.Pruning: natural open centre shape is selected in the shaping of prunus cerasifera, its trimming method is: after seedling planting, at dry high 0.5-1 rice, cutting back is carried out to it, it is not made to grow into major branch elongated shoot, only choose 3-5 newborn branch to decide branch, the institute's major branch that stays distribution should be roughly even, then prunes year by year by the method for evacuating layering shape pruning major branch.The extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Pests of prunus cerasifera has two spotted spider mite, slug moth, cloth bag moth, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect, two spotted spider mite can be sprayed with 40% Dicofol emulsion, 1000 times of liquid, slug moth, cloth bag moth BT emulsion 1000 times of liquid are sprayed, scale insect, leafhopper 10% Imidacloprid, 1500 times of liquid are sprayed, and aphid shovel aphid 500 times of liquid are sprayed; Disease has Bacterial septicaemia syndrome, can spray the bacterium spirit of 95% or streptomycin wetting powder 500 times of liquid of 15%.

Embodiment 2:

Plant in the garden of building: prunus cerasifera is warm temperate zone seeds, happiness light, should select leeward on the sunny side, fertile, the moistening neutrality of illumination abundance or acid sandy loam, have good irrigation and drainage condition, the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated is planted before entering the winter, tree well during field planting want 1 meter square, mu plants 60 strains, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, in plant pit, draining must be beneficial to by refinement sandstone, before planting, root system must be stained with the mud containing root-inducing powder, the depth of planting, with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, is watered permeable after cultivation.Rich water quality management: prunus cerasifera seedling of newly planting should water once in every 10 days, later monthly according to weather condition respectively water 1 time permeable, when rainwater is more, also should draining in time, also should water foot before entering the winter, irrigate freeze-up water; Prunus cerasifera happiness is fertile, and enter the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of autogamy as base manure except when planting in hole bottom application, total amount is 80 kilograms, then executes 1 composite fertilizer in autumn end, and total amount is 20 kilograms.Pruning: natural open centre shape is selected in the shaping of prunus cerasifera, its trimming method is: after seedling planting, at dry high 0.5-1 rice, cutting back is carried out to it, it is not made to grow into major branch elongated shoot, only choose 3-5 newborn branch to decide branch, the institute's major branch that stays distribution should be roughly even, then prunes year by year by the method for evacuating layering shape pruning major branch.The extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Pests of prunus cerasifera has two spotted spider mite, slug moth, cloth bag moth, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect, two spotted spider mite can be sprayed with 40% Dicofol emulsion, 1000 times of liquid, slug moth, cloth bag moth BT emulsion 1000 times of liquid are sprayed, scale insect, leafhopper 10% Imidacloprid, 1500 times of liquid are sprayed, and aphid shovel aphid 500 times of liquid are sprayed; Disease has Bacterial septicaemia syndrome, can spray the bacterium spirit of 95% or streptomycin wetting powder 500 times of liquid of 15%.

Claims

1. the cultivation method of a prunus cerasifera, it is characterized in that: plant in step (1) garden of building: prunus cerasifera is warm temperate zone seeds, happiness light, leeward facing south should be selected, illumination abundance fertile, moistening neutrality or acid sandy loam, have good irrigation and drainage condition, the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated is planted before entering the winter, tree well during field planting wants 0.9-1 rice square, mu plants 60-70 strain, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, draining must be beneficial to by refinement sandstone in plant pit, root system must be stained with the mud containing root-inducing powder before planting, the depth of planting is with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, water permeable after cultivation, step (2) rich water quality management: prunus cerasifera seedling of newly planting should often water once in 10-12 days, later monthly according to weather condition respectively water 1 time permeable, when rainwater is more, also should draining in time, also should water foot before entering the winter, irrigate freeze-up water, prunus cerasifera happiness is fertile, and enter the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of autogamy as base manure except when planting in hole bottom application, total amount is 75-80 kilogram, then executes 1 compoiste fertilizer in autumn end, and total amount is 20-25 kilogram, step (3) pruning: natural open centre shape is selected in the shaping of prunus cerasifera, its trimming method is: after seedling planting, at dry high 0.5-1 rice, cutting back is carried out to it, it is not made to grow into major branch elongated shoot, only choose 3-5 newborn branch to decide branch, the institute's major branch that stays distribution should be roughly even, then prunes year by year by the method for evacuating layering shape pruning major branch, step (4) extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Pests of prunus cerasifera has two spotted spider mite, slug moth, cloth bag moth, leafhopper, aphid, scale insect, two spotted spider mite can be sprayed with 40% Dicofol emulsion, 1000 times of liquid, slug moth, cloth bag moth BT emulsion 1000 times of liquid are sprayed, scale insect, leafhopper 10% Imidacloprid, 1500 times of liquid are sprayed, and aphid shovel aphid 500 times of liquid are sprayed, disease has Bacterial septicaemia syndrome, can spray the bacterium spirit of 95% or streptomycin wetting powder 500 times of liquid of 15%.

2. the cultivation method of a kind of prunus cerasifera according to claim 1, the feature of its step (1) is: described tree well be 0.95 meter square, mu plants prunus cerasifera 65 strain.

3. the cultivation method of a kind of prunus cerasifera according to claim 1, the feature of its step (2) is: described strain basal dressing is the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 65 kilograms of autogamy.