A kind of method for promoting Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, is related to plant sprouting of lateral bud technology, more particularly to a kind of Crassulaceae is more
The method of meat plant sprouting of lateral bud.
Background technology
Succulent is also known as succulent, succulent plant, is sometimes referred to as fleshiness flowers, is primarily referred to as plant nutrient on gardening
Certain part of organ, such as stem, leaf or root (a few species have two parts concurrently) with flourishing parenchyma with preserve moisture and
Nutrient, the plump succulence that seems in shape a class plant (Brown R D.,《Estimating radiation received
by adperson under different species of shade trees》,《Journal of
Aboriculture》, 1990,16 (6):158-161;Tang Wenxiu etc.,《The introduction and cultivation of Guilin botanical garden succulent is ground
Study carefully》,《Northern gardening》, 2009 (1):189-192).The succulent of common cultivation include Crassulaceae, Cactaceae, Aizoaceae,
Euphorbiaceae, Liliaceae, asclepiadaceae, Agavaceae, Apocynaceae, Portulacaceae etc..Crassulaceae succulent species is various, receives deeply
Heat handful (Bao Feng is converted,《Herba hylotelephii erythrosticti class succulent is by " heat is held in both hands "》,《Chinese flower gardening》, 2008,8:10-11).To succulent
Research, be concentrated mainly at present tissue culture (Gao Yue etc.,《The tissue culture and rapid proliferation of hair YULU》,《Biology leads to
Report》, 2010,45 (6):54-55), evaluate application (Wang Chengcong etc.,《Xiamen area outdoor cropping succulent species screening and
Its Landscape Application research》,《Subtropical plant science》, 2009,38 (4):69-73), environmental benefit (Wu Yunfan etc.,《Fleshiness is planted
Radiation and the research of humidification drop in business office environment in thing》,《Shanghai Agricultural science and technology》, 2014,4:6-8) etc..The whole world
Total crassulaceae plants 34 belong to more than 1500 kinds (Chinese Plants will editorial board,《Chinese Plants will the 34th (1) is rolled up》, 1984:72),
Typically bred with the mode of cuttage, sowing, tissue culture.Crassulaceae plants are CAM metabolic pathway plants, pore Night Service, are absorbed
CO2, it is adapted to plant in room;Crassulaceae succulent have wide variety, breeding easily, cultivation management is simple, root system is shallower
The features such as, and comparison is drought-enduring, cold-resistant, has both been adapted to family-raise, and suitable roof greening and vertical greening, has had a extensive future
(Bai Bin,《Crassulaceae succulent has a extensive future》,《Chinese flower report》, on July 25th, 2013 the 005th edition).
Succulent in production frequently with " choping off the head " mode breeding, on the one hand, the terminal bud cut down can be used for cuttage
Breeding, inserts than leaf and can faster obtain finished product Seedling;On the other hand, " chop off the head " and eliminate the apical dominance of plant, be conducive to maternal plant side
Bud eruption simultaneously is used to breed.But " choping off the head " destroys the original sight of maternal plant, and the sprouting coefficient of rear side bud of choping off the head still has
Limit.
The content of the invention
In view of the spy of the deficiencies in the prior art, inventor Jing research Crassulaceae succulent nutrient growth and sprouting of lateral bud
Point, creatively by fertilising, priming leaf, spray the technologies such as hormone, there is provided a kind of suitable Crassulaceae succulent can promote
Sprouting of lateral bud, the method that maternal plant sight can be improved again.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, inventor is studied by lot of experiments, is finally obtained following technical scheme:
A kind of method for promoting Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud, comprises the steps:
1) the Crassulaceae succulent Potted orchard of more than 2 years, robust growth and no disease and pests harm is selected, 2 months are in substrate table
Face applies granular organic fertilizer, and according to flowerpot floor space meter, the amount of application of granular organic fertilizer is 0.2~0.35kg/m2, pour after fertilising
It is permeable.
2) after 4 weeks, the bottom-up blade for extracing base of the plant 60%~70%, and sprayed to exposed stem with aerosol apparatus
The 6-BA solution that concentration is 800~1200mg/L is applied, is sprayed weekly 1 time, sprayed altogether 4~6 times, the amount of spraying of every stem is every time
4~6mL, you can effectively facilitate the sprouting of lateral bud on Crassulaceae succulent stem.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein described succulent includes rainbow
Jade, Joyce Ta Luoke, Ji's moon bright moon, Bai Li, blue or green star beauty, gorgeous dayglow.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein step 1) in substrate used be
Loose, ventilative, the well-drained mixed-matrix such as yellow sand, import peat soil.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein step 1) in granule used have
Machine fertilizer preparation method be:By feces of livestock and poultry and waste material of edible mushroom according to 3-4:Bar heap is carried out after 1 mixing, will be people from Henan unit biological
RW enzyme agents and the waste material of edible mushroom of Technology Dev Company Ltd.'s production is according to 1:The ratio of 5-6 is sprinkling upon bar heap surface after mixing,
Bar heap is stirred by blender;Temperature reaches more than 60 DEG C and ferments again 15 days, then by sub-sieve, pelletize, by granule
Moisture is dried to water content and, below 20%, obtains granular organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein step 2) in, the side of blade removal
Method is:Blade is clutched, is shaken gently for around leaf growth point to the left and right, blade is completely removed, while not injuring stem.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein step 2) in, 6-BA solution is matched somebody with somebody
Method processed is:The NaOH solution of 3mol/L is first slowly added dropwise in medicine powder until being completely dissolved, after be diluted with distilled water into
The solution of 800~1200mg/L.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein step 2) in, the spray of 6-BA solution
Applying method is:At exposed stem about 4~6cm, from up to down spray, make each face of exposed stem uniformly receive 6-BA solution.
It should be noted that the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the present invention, wherein step 2) in stem
The stem of the biennial above succulent of Crassulaceae is referred to, is more endured with all one's will;The lateral bud of statistics refers to sprout on exposed stipes, face
Color has switched to the lateral bud of green, more than diameter 0.1cm.
Preferably, the method for Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud as described above, wherein step 1), 2) in Potted orchard cultivation
Training management condition is:Milpa is Wuhan City's plastic greenhouse;Watered using leaching root method, growth vigorous season waters weekly 1 time, not
The dormancy phase monthly waters 1 time, and other period first quarter moons water 1 time;Using 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid, 14~30 days
Pouring root or foliage-spray 1 time;June to September fair weather 11:00~15:00 is sheltered from heat or light with sunshade net, Wet-curtain temperature reducing;Open daily and set
Apply 8~12h of ventilation.
The method for promoting Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud according to the present invention has the advantage that and significantly improves:
1) method of promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention can effectively facilitate Crassulaceae succulent
The sprouting of lateral bud, by fertilising, priming leaf, sprays 6-BA solution, and the sprouting number of lateral bud in test group plants stems can be made to improve to sky
The several times of white group.
2) method of promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention, applies fertilizer in 2 months, it is ensured that March basin
Maternal plant nutrient growth when Seedling enters vigorous period, a large amount of nutritional needs sprouted of lateral bud are planted, maternal plant robust growth, lateral budding is made
Long differentiation is normal.
3) granular organic fertilizer need to be only sprinkling upon during fertilising by the method for promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention
Basin soil surface, is not required to dig a hole and bury fertilizer, is also not required to fertilizer is mixed with substrate or is layered on basin bottom, easy to operate.
4) female viviparous lateral bud is such as cut use by the method for promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention
In cuttage, then a large amount of cutting can be obtained within a short period of time, the breeding coefficient of Crassulaceae succulent is greatly improved.
5) method of promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention, such as female viviparous lateral bud do not cut skewer
Insert, then, when lateral bud is less, be almost covered with by budlet on the stem of maternal plant;After lateral bud is grown up, maternal plant grows densely, scale of construction increase, shape
Into unique landscape, the ornamental value of maternal plant is greatly improved.
6) method of promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention, the blade taken can be used for leaf and insert breeding,
Realize maximally utilizing for resource.
7) method of promotion Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud of the invention, only by 1 fertilising, 1 priming leaf, 4~6
It is secondary to spray, it is without the need for conditions such as other special facility, places, easy to operate, with low cost, it is advantageously implemented large-scale production.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment according to the present invention is the following is, technical scheme is done and is further described, but this
The protection domain of invention is not limited to these embodiments.Every change or equivalent substitute without departing substantially from present inventive concept is included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
1 fertilization mode offside Tip density of embodiment, the impact of maternal plant growth
2 months 2015, select beautiful, the Joyce tower of rainbow of consistent biennial above growing way, robust growth and no disease and pests harm
6 kinds of Crassulaceae succulent Potted orchards such as Luo Ke, Ji's moon bright moon, Bai Li, blue or green star beauty, gorgeous dayglow carry out test.
The test site of the present embodiment is academy of agricultural sciences of Wuhan City woods fruit institute Wu Hu bases plastic greenhouse, and Wu Hu bases are located at north
30 ° 48 ' of latitude, 114 ° 91 ' of east longitude, average annual precipitation 1000-1200mm, average annual sunshine time 1540-2180h, average annual temperature
15.6 DEG C, 255 days frost-free periods of year, belong to subtropical monsoon climate.Test greenhouse seedbed be north-south, terrain clearance 1m.Adopt in greenhouse
Sheltered from heat or light with 50% sunshade net, ventilating fan ventilation, Wet-curtain temperature reducing, without heating, light filling facility, similarly hereinafter.
The succulent of 6 kinds, sets test group 1, test group 2 and blank group respectively, per group of 30 basins, and flowerpot is the length of side
The plastic square cup of 8cm, the high 12cm of cup, substrate are that yellow sand and peat soil press 1:1 mixed-matrix (quality is about 0.2kg), test
Group 1 applies granular organic fertilizer (carries out bar heap, width 2m, height by 500kg cattle manures, 300kg chicken manures, 200kg waste material of edible mushroom
1m, length are not limited;By RW enzyme agents (production of Henan Ren Yuan biotech developments company limited) 100g and waste material of edible mushroom according to
1:5 ratio extended volume, is sprinkling upon bar heap surface after mixing, bar heap is stirred by blender;Temperature reaches more than 60 DEG C again
Fermentation 15 days, then by sub-sieve, pelletize, the moisture in granule is dried to less than 20%, then carries out packaging and obtain final product granule having
Machine fertilizer.Above cattle manure, chicken manure can be replaced with other feces of livestock and poultry) 2.0g, fertilizing method is directly to be sprinkling upon stromal surface.Test group
2 apply the more No. 1 0.2g of flower, and fertilizing method is slightly uniformly to dig 2 holes at a distance apart from root, fertilizer is being imposed on wherein, is covered
Soil;Blank group is not applied fertilizer.3 groups all adopt leaching root method to pour permeable.It is after 4 weeks, bottom-up to extract blank group and test group plants stems
The blade in portion 60%~70%, and 6-BA solution is sprayed to exposed stem with aerosol apparatus, concentration is 1000mg/L, is sprayed weekly
1 time, spray altogether 5 times, the amount of spraying of every stem is 5mL or so every time.2 months, 6 months time-divisions of end is sprayed for the first time in distance
Not Tong Ji 6 kinds of Potted orchard maternal plants growing state and the lateral bud sprouted on exposed stem per bar (color switchs to green, diameter 0.1cm
More than) number, statistical result averages, similarly hereinafter.
Result of the test:After spraying hormone 2 months for the first time, test group 1 is suitable with the lateral bud number of blank group, but test group 1
The sprouting of sprouting is slightly larger;The sprouting of lateral bud of test group 2 is most fast, and plant strain growth is quick.After 6 months, 1 sprouting of lateral bud number of test group reaches
To 1.3 (jade of rainbow) -1.7 (Ji's moon bright moon) times of blank group, the growing way of plant and bud is good;2 sprouting of lateral bud number of test group reaches
1.1 (jade of rainbow) -1.8 (Ji's moon bright moon) of blank group times, but blade and bud are less than normal, and internode length, the number of blade are on the low side, and part stem occurs
Lodging, sight are poor.It is shown in Table 1-6.
Table 1 apply fertilizer the jade sprouting of lateral bud number to rainbow, maternal plant growth impact
The impact that table 2 applies fertilizer to Joyce Ta Luoke sprouting of lateral bud numbers, maternal plant growth
The impact that table 3 applies fertilizer to Ji's moon bright moon sprouting of lateral bud number, maternal plant growth
The beautiful sprouting of lateral bud number of the fertilising of table 4 dialogue, the impact of maternal plant growth
The impact that table 5 applies fertilizer to blue or green star beauty sprouting of lateral bud number, maternal plant growth
The impact that table 6 applies fertilizer to gorgeous dayglow sprouting of lateral bud number, maternal plant growth
Embodiment 2 is applied fertilizer, priming leaf, spray 6-BA synergism offside Tip densities, maternal plant growth impact
2 months 2015, select beautiful, the Joyce tower of rainbow of consistent biennial above growing way, robust growth and no disease and pests harm
The succulent of 6 kinds such as Luo Ke, Ji's moon bright moon, Bai Li, blue or green star beauty, gorgeous dayglow, sets test group 1, test group 2, examination respectively
Test group 3, test group 4 and blank group, per group of 30 basins, plastic square cup of the flowerpot for length of side 8cm, the high 12cm of cup, substrate be yellow sand and
Peat soil presses 1:1 mixed-matrix (quality of basin soil is about 0.2kg), method of the test group 1 according to test group 1 in embodiment 1
Fertilising, and the bottom-up blade for extracing base of the plant 60%~70% after 4 weeks;Test group 2 is applied fertilizer not priming leaf;Test group 3
Do not apply fertilizer but priming leaf;Test group 4 is applied fertilizer and not priming leaf but chops off the head that (method choped off the head is:By at the top of stem down between 3-4 layers blade
Position cut off, the head cut down can be used for cutting propagation);Blank group is not applied fertilizer, also not priming leaf.After priming leaf (not priming leaf), use
Aerosol apparatus spray 6-BA solution to the exposed stem of test group 1, test group 2, test group 3 and blank group, and concentration is 1000mg/L,
Spray weekly 1 time, spray altogether 5 times, the amount of spraying of every stem is 5mL or so every time;Test group 4, blank group sprays distilled water.
When end 2 months, 6 months are sprayed apart from first time count the growing state of 6 kinds of Potted orchard maternal plants and per bar on exposed stem respectively
Lateral bud (color switchs to green, more than the diameter 0.1cm) number of sprouting.
Result of the test:Test group 1, the sprouting of lateral bud number of test group 3 are above blank group at 2 months, 6 months, test
The sprouting of lateral bud number of group 1,3 gap at 2 months is little, and when 6 months, test group 1 is significantly higher than test group 3, and test group 1 is planted
Strain, blade, bud growth conditions it is good compared with test group 3;The sprouting of lateral bud number of test group 2 is also above blank group, but gap is far little
In test group 1,3 and the gap of blank group, and plant strain growth is healthy and strong;Sprouting of lateral bud number of the test group 4 at 2 months, 6 months is high
In blank group and test group 2, less than test group 1 and test group 3, bud is big and strong.
All test groups are all more compared with the lateral bud sprouted on blank group stem, and test group 1 is either in sprouting of lateral bud number, length
It is in terms of gesture best;When 2 months, 6 kinds of scapes such as the jade of rainbow, Joyce Ta Luoke, Ji's moon bright moon, Bai Li, blue or green star beauty, gorgeous dayglow
The lateral bud that its section succulent test group 1 is sprouted is 8.3,8.0,3.3,6.9,14.0,2.0 times of blank group respectively;6 months
When, the further germination and growth of lateral bud, the lateral bud number that 6 kinds of Crassulaceae succulent test groups 1 are sprouted be respectively blank group 9.3,
6.7th, 3.5,3.9,5.1,7.3 times, it is shown in Table 7-12.
Table 7 applies fertilizer, the impact that priming leaf synergism is grown to the jade sprouting of lateral bud number of rainbow, maternal plant
Table 8 applies fertilizer, priming leaf synergism is to Joyce Ta Luoke sprouting of lateral bud numbers, the impact of maternal plant growth
Table 9 applies fertilizer, priming leaf synergism is to Ji's moon bright moon sprouting of lateral bud number, the impact of maternal plant growth
Table 10 applies fertilizer, the beautiful sprouting of lateral bud number of priming leaf synergism dialogue, maternal plant growth impact
Table 11 applies fertilizer, priming leaf synergism is to blue or green star beauty sprouting of lateral bud number, the impact of maternal plant growth
Table 12 applies fertilizer, priming leaf synergism is to gorgeous dayglow sprouting of lateral bud number, the impact of maternal plant growth
3 6-BA concentration of embodiment is to sprouting of lateral bud, the impact of maternal plant growth
2 months 2014, select beautiful, the Joyce tower of rainbow of consistent biennial above growing way, robust growth and no disease and pests harm
The Crassulaceae succulent Potted orchard of 6 kinds such as Luo Ke, Ji's moon bright moon, Bai Li, blue or green star beauty, gorgeous dayglow, arranges test group 1-7
And blank group, per group of 30 basins, according to the method fertilising priming leaf of test group 1 in embodiment 1.
6-BA solution is sprayed to the exposed stem of test group with aerosol apparatus, the concentration difference of test group 1-7 10,50,100,
500th, 1000,2000,3000mg/L, blank group steam distilled water, spray weekly 1 time, spray altogether 5 times, and every stem is sprayed every time
Measure as 5mL or so.Count the growing state of 6 kinds of Potted orchard maternal plants when distance is sprayed for the first time and terminates 2 months, 6 months respectively
And the lateral bud number sprouted on exposed stem per bar.
Result of the test:6 test blank groups of kinds, test group 1-5 (6-BA concentration is 10-1000mg/L) 2 months,
When 6 months, the equal robust growth of plant, lateral bud development are normal, and with the increase of 6-BA concentration, the new lateral bud number sprouted also increases;
When concentration is improved to 2000mg/L, 3000mg/L, 6 kinds occur in that different degrees of poisoning, symptom of chemical damage when 2 months
Substantially, 6 months when plant be at death's door or dead, be shown in Table 13-18.
Jade lateral bud number of the 13 6-BA concentration of table to rainbow, the impact of growing way
14 6-BA concentration of table is to Joyce Ta Luoke lateral bud numbers, the impact of growing way
15 6-BA concentration of table is to Ji's moon bright moon lateral bud number, the impact of growing way
The beautiful lateral bud number of 16 6-BA concentration dialogues of table, the impact of growing way
17 6-BA concentration of table is to blue or green star beauty lateral bud number, the impact of growing way
18 6-BA concentration of table is to gorgeous dayglow lateral bud number, the impact of growing way
4 6-BA of embodiment sprays the impact of number of times offside Tip density
2 months 2015, select beautiful, the Joyce tower of rainbow of consistent biennial above growing way, robust growth and no disease and pests harm
Each 120 basin of Crassulaceae succulent Potted orchard of 6 kinds such as Luo Ke, Ji's moon bright moon, Bai Li, blue or green star beauty, gorgeous dayglow, is set respectively
Put test group 1-3 and blank group, per group of 30 basins, according to the method fertilising priming leaf of test group 1 in embodiment 1.
1000mg/L 6-BA solution is sprayed to the exposed stem of test group with aerosol apparatus, spray weekly 1 time, test group 1-3
Spray respectively 3 times, 5 times, 8 times, the amount of spraying of every stem is 5mL or so every time, and blank group is not sprayed.Sprayed in distance for the first time
Terminate 2 months, 6 months when count the lateral bud number sprouted on the exposed stem of 6 kinds of Potted orchards respectively.
Result of the test:The lateral bud number sprouted when test group and blank group 6 months is above 2 months;The lateral bud number of test group 2
It is above test group 1, test group 3 is higher than test group 2 (except blue or green star beauty), but the amplitude that test group 3 increases compared with test group 2 is not
Greatly.From effect is significant, it is with low cost, simple to operate from the point of view of, it is optimization process number of times that 5 times spray, and is shown in Table 19.
19 6-BA of table sprays impact of the number of times to Crassulaceae succulent sprouting of lateral bud number