CN110558078A - method for cultivating grafted seedlings of prunus salicina - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating grafted seedlings of bee-sugar plums, and belongs to the technical field of planting. The grafting scion and the stock are subjected to hormone treatment during grafting by cold storage of the grafting scion, a specific matrix is added in a grafting seedling cultivation base, and specific fertilizer and water management is performed at the later stage. The grafting seedling growth substrate has the advantages that wound healing can be promoted, the grafting survival rate is improved, the substrate has the functions of moisturizing and heat preserving for soil, the loss of other water and fertilizer can be prevented while nutrient components are provided, the development of root systems in the growth process of grafted seedlings is promoted, the branches are stronger, the survival rate of transplanting is higher, and the fruiting rate is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for cultivating grafted seedlings of bee-sugar plums.
Background
The honey plum is also called yellow honey plum, and the fruit is sweet in taste, has honey taste and is deeply favored by people. With the increasing demand of the honey plums, the large-area honey plum planting bases are gradually increased; the requirement of seedlings is getting bigger and bigger. At present, the cultivation of the honey plum is mainly to graft on the peach seedlings, and the grafted seedlings after the survival of the grafting are transplanted after being cultivated, so that the grafted seedlings can bear fruits quickly. However, in the cultivation process of the grafted seedlings, due to the management of water and fertilizer, the root systems of part of the grafted seedlings are not developed, the branches are weak and small, the transplanting survival rate is not high, the fruit bearing time is prolonged, and the quality and the yield of the honey plum are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for cultivating grafted seedlings with developed root systems, strong branches, high survival rate and high later-stage yield.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A cultivation method of grafted seedlings of bee sugar plums comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting high-quality scions which grow for 1-2 years or are bearing fruits, and refrigerating at the temperature of 3-10 ℃ for later use;
(2) grafting the refrigerated scion obtained in the step (1) on a seedling of the peach with the ground diameter of 4.0-5.5 cm for 3-5 months, wherein the seedling of the peach is preferably 4.5-5.0 cm; after grafting and fixing, stock seedlings of the seedling wild peach seedlings above the scions are removed, so that the loss of nutrient components is reduced; transplanting the survived seedlings to a grafting seedling cultivation base, wherein a matrix is added to the grafting seedling cultivation base and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of peanut bran, 50-80 parts of farmyard manure, 10-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 150-300 parts of humus;
the preparation method of the grafting base matrix comprises the following steps: fully mixing 60-80 parts of peanut bran, 50-80 parts of farmyard manure, 10-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 150-300 parts of humus to obtain a primary mixture, fully mixing primary fine soil of a grafting seedling cultivation base with the primary mixture, and directly paving the mixture on the surface of the grafting seedling cultivation base;
(3) watering every week 1-3 months after transplanting to keep the soil humidity at 50-80%; watering once every 2-4 weeks from the third month of transplanting, keeping the soil humidity at 30-45%, additionally applying organic fertilizer to the roots of the seedlings in the third month, and additionally applying foliar fertilizer to the surfaces of the grafted seedlings; seedlings can emerge and move seeds after 6 months.
Preferably, the grafting mode in the step (2) adopts cleft grafting or grafting; 6-benzyladenine is smeared at the wound of the scion during grafting; simultaneously, the mixture of indoleacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine and a bactericide is applied to the root of the rootstock.
preferably, the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine at the scion is 10-20 kg/mg; the concentration of the indoleacetic acid at the root of the rootstock is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine applied to the root of the rootstock is 0.5 mg/L.
Preferably, the matrix in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of peanut bran, 50-80 parts of farmyard manure, 20-25 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 200-250 parts of humus.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the primary mixture to the primary fine soil in the step (2) is 1: (1-4).
Preferably, the volume ratio of the primary mixture to the primary fine soil in the step (2) is 1: (2-3).
Preferably, the surface thickness of the substrate in the step (2) on the grafted seedling substrate is 10-15 cm.
preferably, the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: soaking fresh tomato straw and fresh tomato straw in water for 1-2 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the filtrate to obtain liquid with concentration of 3-5g/L, and directly spraying.
The method for cultivating the grafted seedlings of the bee-sugar plums has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the rootstock with the ground diameter of 4.5-5.0 cm is selected, the rootstock cell activity of the ground diameter is high, a large amount of growth hormone is contained in the rootstock, the growth hormone can be continuously secreted, the wound healing can be promoted after grafting, and the grafting survival rate can be improved.
(2) according to the invention, the matrix, water and fertilizer of the grafted multi-base are controlled, the grafted seedlings are irrigated in different growth stages, the soil humidity is kept at 50-80% in the early stage, the water transportation is promoted, and the healing and survival rate are accelerated. When the soil survives for three months, the soil humidity is kept between 30 and 45 percent, and the growth is maintained.
(3) After survival, the grafted seedlings are cultivated through a specific substrate. The matrix contains peanut bran, farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and humus, and is mixed with original soil, so that the stress of grafted seedlings is reduced, the adaptability to soil is improved, and the survival rate is improved while nutritional ingredients are guaranteed. The peanut bran and the humus have the functions of moisturizing and heat preservation on soil, can prevent other water and fertilizer from losing while providing nutrient components, promotes the development of root systems in the growth process of grafted seedlings, makes branches stronger, has higher transplanting survival rate, and promotes quick fruiting.
(4) during grafting, the scion and the stock are treated differently, namely different growth hormones are smeared, so that tissue healing can be promoted, the conveying of nutrient components is improved, and the branches are thicker.
(5) in the fertilizer and water management, a foliar fertilizer is additionally applied, and the foliar fertilizer is sprayed together with monopotassium phosphate by adding fresh tomato straws and aqueous extracts of the fresh tomato straws, so that a certain sterilization effect is achieved, and plant diseases and insect pests generated in the culture process of the grafted seedlings are effectively prevented.
Detailed Description
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A cultivation method of grafted seedlings of bee sugar plums comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting high-quality scions which grow for 1-2 years or are bearing fruits, and refrigerating at the temperature of 4 ℃ for later use;
(2) Grafting the refrigerated scion obtained in the step (1) on the seedling of the wild peach with the average ground diameter of 4.5-5.0 cm for 3-5 months, winding the grafted scion by using a plastic film, and removing stock seedlings of the seedling of the wild peach above the scion after fixing to reduce the loss of nutrient components; the grafting mode adopts cleft grafting or grafting; 6-benzyladenine is smeared at the wound of the scion during grafting; simultaneously applying a mixture of indoleacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine and a bactericide to the root of the rootstock; the concentration of 6-benzyladenine at the scion is 20 kg/mg; the concentration of the indoleacetic acid at the root of the rootstock is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine applied to the root of the rootstock is 0.5 mg/L; the bactericide is conventional in the art. Transplanting the survived seedlings to a grafting seedling cultivation base, wherein a matrix is added to the grafting seedling cultivation base and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of peanut bran, 50 parts of farmyard manure, 10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 150 parts of humus;
The preparation method of the grafting base matrix comprises the following steps: fully mixing peanut bran, farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and humus to obtain a primary mixture, fully mixing primary fine soil and the primary mixture in a grafting seedling cultivation base according to a ratio of 3:1, directly paving the mixture on the surface of the grafting seedling cultivation base, and paving the mixture to a thickness of 10-15 cm;
(3) Watering every week 1-3 months after transplanting to keep the soil humidity at 60%; watering once every 2-4 weeks from the third month of transplanting, keeping the soil humidity at 30-45%, additionally applying organic fertilizer to the roots of the seedlings in the third month, and additionally applying foliar fertilizer to the surfaces of the grafted seedlings; the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: soaking fresh tomato straw and fresh tomato straw in water for 1-2 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the filtrate to obtain liquid with concentration of 3-5g/L, and directly spraying; seedlings can emerge and move seeds after 6 months.
Example 2
a cultivation method of grafted seedlings of bee sugar plums comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting high-quality scions which grow for 1-2 years or are bearing fruits, and refrigerating at the temperature of 4 ℃ for later use;
(2) Grafting the refrigerated scion obtained in the step (1) on the seedling of the wild peach with the average ground diameter of 4.5-5.0 cm for 3-5 months, winding the grafted scion by using a plastic film, and removing stock seedlings of the seedling of the wild peach above the scion after fixing to reduce the loss of nutrient components; the grafting mode adopts cleft grafting or grafting; 6-benzyladenine is smeared at the wound of the scion during grafting; simultaneously applying a mixture of indoleacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine and a bactericide to the root of the rootstock; the concentration of 6-benzyladenine at the scion is 15 kg/mg; the concentration of the indoleacetic acid at the root of the rootstock is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine applied to the root of the rootstock is 0.5 mg/L; the bactericide is conventional in the art. Transplanting the survived seedlings to a grafting seedling cultivation base, wherein a matrix is added to the grafting seedling cultivation base and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of peanut bran, 80 parts of farmyard manure, 30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 300 parts of humus;
The preparation method of the grafting base matrix comprises the following steps: fully mixing peanut bran, farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and humus to obtain a primary mixture, fully mixing primary fine soil and the primary mixture in a grafting seedling cultivation base according to the ratio of 2:1, directly paving the mixture on the surface of the grafting seedling cultivation base, and paving the mixture to a thickness of 10-15 cm;
(3) watering every week 1-3 months after transplanting to keep the soil humidity at 80%; watering once every 2-4 weeks from the third month of transplanting, keeping the soil humidity at 30-45%, additionally applying organic fertilizer to the roots of the seedlings in the third month, and additionally applying foliar fertilizer to the surfaces of the grafted seedlings; the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: soaking fresh tomato straw and fresh tomato straw in water for 1-2 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the filtrate to obtain liquid with concentration of 3-5g/L, and directly spraying; seedlings can emerge and move seeds after 6 months.
example 3
A cultivation method of grafted seedlings of bee sugar plums comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting high-quality scions which grow for 1-2 years or are bearing fruits, and refrigerating at the temperature of 4 ℃ for later use;
(2) Grafting the refrigerated scion obtained in the step (1) on the seedling of the wild peach with the average ground diameter of 4.5-5.0 cm for 3-5 months, winding the grafted scion by using a plastic film, and removing stock seedlings of the seedling of the wild peach above the scion after fixing to reduce the loss of nutrient components; the grafting mode adopts cleft grafting or grafting; 6-benzyladenine is smeared at the wound of the scion during grafting; simultaneously applying a mixture of indoleacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine and a bactericide to the root of the rootstock; the concentration of 6-benzyladenine at the scion is 15 kg/mg; the concentration of the indoleacetic acid at the root of the rootstock is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine applied to the root of the rootstock is 0.5 mg/L; the bactericide is conventional in the art. Transplanting the survived seedlings to a grafting seedling cultivation base, wherein a matrix is added to the grafting seedling cultivation base and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of peanut bran, 60 parts of farmyard manure, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 250 parts of humus;
The preparation method of the grafting base matrix comprises the following steps: fully mixing peanut bran, farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and humus to obtain a primary mixture, fully mixing primary fine soil and the primary mixture in a grafting seedling cultivation base according to the proportion of 1:1, directly paving the mixture on the surface of the grafting seedling cultivation base, and paving the mixture to a thickness of 10-15 cm;
(3) Watering every week 1-3 months after transplanting to keep the soil humidity at 60%; watering once every 2-4 weeks from the third month of transplanting, keeping the soil humidity at 30-45%, additionally applying organic fertilizer to the roots of the seedlings in the third month, and additionally applying foliar fertilizer to the surfaces of the grafted seedlings; the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: soaking fresh tomato straw and fresh tomato straw in water for 1-2 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the filtrate to obtain liquid with concentration of 3-5g/L, and directly spraying; seedlings can emerge and move seeds after 6 months.
Experimental control
Control group:
(1) Selecting high-quality scions which grow for 1-2 years or are bearing fruits, and refrigerating at the temperature of 4 ℃ for later use;
(2) grafting the scion refrigerated in the step (1) on a conventional seedling peach seedling for 3-5 months, winding the grafted scion by using a plastic film, fixing, and removing stock seedlings of the seedling peach seedling above the scion to reduce loss of nutrient components; the grafting mode adopts cleft grafting or grafting; 6-benzyladenine is smeared at the wound of the scion during grafting; transplanting the survived seedlings to a grafted seedling cultivation base for direct planting, watering more at the early stage, and applying organic fertilizer at the later stage; seedlings can emerge and move seeds after 6 months.
transplanting the control group and the grafted seedlings of the examples 1 to 3 into a planting field, namely a No. 0 field, a No. 1 field, a No. 2 field and a No. 3 field respectively; each size has an area of 1 mu; the parameters obtained by observation are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the transplanting survival rate of the No. 13 field is more than 95%, and the transplanting survival rate and the fruiting rate of the first-year grafting lightning point are far higher than those of the existing conventional grafted seedlings, wherein the lightning point is more than 85%.
the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for cultivating grafted seedlings of bee sugar plums is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting high-quality scions which grow for 1-2 years or are bearing fruits, and refrigerating at the temperature of 3-10 ℃ for later use;
(2) grafting the refrigerated scion obtained in the step (1) on a seedling of the wild peach with the ground diameter of 4.0-5.5 cm for 3-5 months, and removing stock seedlings of the seedling of the wild peach above the scion after grafting and fixing to reduce loss of nutrient components; transplanting the survived seedlings to a grafting seedling cultivation base, wherein a matrix is added to the grafting seedling cultivation base and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of peanut bran, 50-80 parts of farmyard manure, 10-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 150-300 parts of humus;
The preparation method of the grafting base matrix comprises the following steps: fully mixing 60-80 parts of peanut bran, 50-80 parts of farmyard manure, 10-30 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 150-300 parts of humus to obtain a primary mixture, fully mixing primary fine soil of a grafting seedling cultivation base with the primary mixture, and directly paving the mixture on the surface of the grafting seedling cultivation base;
(3) Watering every week 1-3 months after transplanting to keep the soil humidity at 50-80%; watering once every 2-4 weeks from the third month of transplanting, keeping the soil humidity at 30-45%, additionally applying organic fertilizer to the roots of the seedlings in the third month, and additionally applying foliar fertilizer to the surfaces of the grafted seedlings; seedlings can emerge and move seeds after 6 months.
2. the method for cultivating grafted bee-sugar plums according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: cleft grafting or grafting is adopted in the grafting mode in the step (2); 6-benzyladenine is smeared at the wound of the scion during grafting; simultaneously, the mixture of indoleacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine and a bactericide is applied to the root of the rootstock.
3. The method for cultivating grafted bee-sugar plums according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine at the scion is 10-20 kg/mg; the concentration of the indoleacetic acid at the root of the rootstock is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine applied to the root of the rootstock is 0.5 mg/L.
4. The method for cultivating grafted bee-sugar plums according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the volume ratio of the primary mixture to the primary fine soil is 1: (1-4).
5. The method for cultivating grafted bee-sugar plums according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface thickness of the substrate in the step (2) on the grafted seedling substrate is 10-15 cm.
6. The method for cultivating grafted bee-sugar plums according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: soaking fresh tomato straw and fresh tomato straw in water for 1-2 days, filtering to obtain filtrate, dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the filtrate to obtain liquid with concentration of 3-5g/L, and directly spraying.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113057066A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-02 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter |
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| CN108338015A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-31 | 厦门万嘉生态科技有限公司 | A kind of hackberry scion taking root liquid and hackberry grafting seedlings-growing method |
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2019
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| JPH03179069A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1991-08-05 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Adhesive for grafting |
| CN103688763A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-04-02 | 王宁 | Method for grafting plumcot tree by taking wild peach tree as rootstock |
| CN104285626A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-01-21 | 镇宁自治县六马龙泉果业开发有限公司 | Honey plum seedling cultivating method |
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| CN107996270A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-05-08 | 罗顺军 | A kind of cultural method of bee sugar Lee |
| CN108338015A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-31 | 厦门万嘉生态科技有限公司 | A kind of hackberry scion taking root liquid and hackberry grafting seedlings-growing method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113057066A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-02 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter |
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Application publication date: 20191213 |
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