CN113057066A - Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter - Google Patents
Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113057066A CN113057066A CN202110368988.7A CN202110368988A CN113057066A CN 113057066 A CN113057066 A CN 113057066A CN 202110368988 A CN202110368988 A CN 202110368988A CN 113057066 A CN113057066 A CN 113057066A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- growth promoter
- plum
- sanhua
- sanhua plum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003617 indole-3-acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000141353 Prunus domestica Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001253207 Laetia Species 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000010198 maturation time Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 abstract 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 3
- 241001631271 Prunus fasciculata Species 0.000 description 26
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005631 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on a growth promoter. The method comprises the following steps: grafting: grafting the Sanhua plum branches on the stocks, and coating grafting growth promoters on the Sanhua plum branches and grafting sections on the stocks; the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5mg of plant auxin, 0.5-1mg of cellulose, 100ml of surfactant and 150ml of water, and the volume is fixed to 1L; and (3) maintaining grafting wounds: after grafting for 1-3d, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 7-10 d; transplanting: cultivating for 10-14 months in an original nursery garden after grafting, selecting robust and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting before spring tips of seedlings sprout, performing field management according to a conventional field management mode after planting the fruit seedlings until the Sanhua plum is mature, and harvesting the plum. According to the method, the grafting growth promoter is coated on the grafting section, the seedling growth promoter is applied in the seedling planting stage, and the grafting wound is wrapped with the preservative film, so that the maturation time of Sanhua plum is shortened, and the grafting survival rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on a growth promoter.
Background
The plum tree is a traditional fruit tree cultivation variety, has strong environmental adaptability, is sour, sweet and delicious after the plum fruits are mature, has delicious taste and is deeply favored by consumers. The plum fruits can be processed into snack foods such as preserved plum fruits and dried plum fruits besides fresh foods, the market application prospect is wide, and the high-yield cultivation of the plum fruits can utilize effective land resources to generate higher economic value, so that the high-yield cultivation of the plum fruits is always a general appeal of technical personnel in the field. However, as the demand of consumers for plum fruits increases, the shelf life thereof is required to be longer, and more premature plum fruits are desired to be put on the market in addition to the normal season-ripe plum fruits.
The Sanhua plum, as a variety of plum trees, is sweet in taste and rich in nutrition, can be called as a top-quality plum, has the effects of protecting liver, preventing anemia and beautifying, and is top-ranked in planting quantity and sales quantity in various plum varieties. At present, the planting technology of Sanhua plums mainly comprises the means of garden establishment, scientific fertilization, tree body regulation and control, intertillage, pest control and the like. The method improves the yield of the Sanhua plum in the modes of planting density, fertilizer application amount and time, field management and the like. However, the methods cannot change the maturation time of Sanhua plum and can not plant early-maturing products.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters.
The invention aims to provide a growth promoter-based early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
grafting the Sanhua plum branches on the stocks, and coating grafting growth promoters on the Sanhua plum branches and grafting sections on the stocks;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5mg of plant auxin, 0.5-1mg of cellulose, 100ml of surfactant and 200ml of water, and the volume is fixed to 1L;
step 2, grafting wound maintenance:
after grafting for 1-3 days, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 7-10 days;
and step 3, transplanting:
cultivating for 10-14 months in an original nursery garden after grafting, selecting robust and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting before spring tips of seedlings sprout, performing field management according to a conventional field management mode after planting the fruit seedlings until the Sanhua plum is mature, and harvesting the plum.
Preferably, in the above method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum based on growth promoter, in step 1, the auxin includes, but is not limited to, indoleacetic acid or 2,4-D, and further includes naphthylacetic acid.
Preferably, in the above method for cultivating early-maturing prune trees based on growth promoter, in step 1, the surfactant includes, but is not limited to, glycerol or tween 80, and further includes tween 20, tween 40 or tween 60.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum tree based on growth promoter, in step 1, the application amount of the grafting growth promoter is 1-2mL per square decimeter, or 1-2mL per grafting section.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating the early-maturing Sanhua plum tree based on the growth promoter, the wrapping thickness of the preservative film is 1-2mm, and the wrapping length is 3-5 cm.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on the growth promoter, in step 3, 40-45 plants are planted per mu, fruit seedlings are planted in the planting holes, and the seedling growth promoter is applied to the planting holes in the last ten days of 3 months and the middle ten days of 4 months;
the seedling growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose and water to a constant volume of 1L; diluted 100 times for use.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating the early-maturing prune trees based on the growth promoter, the application amount of the seedling growth promoter is 200-300mL per planting hole.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum based on the growth promoter, the Sanhua plum variety in the step 1 is Xinhua Sanhua plum, Pingyuan Sanhua plum or eight-step Sanhua plum.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating the early-maturing Sanhua plum tree based on the growth promoter, the grafting time is 3-4 months in spring.
Preferably, in the method for cultivating the early-maturing Sanhua plum tree based on the growth promoter, the stock selected by grafting is a peach tree growing in 1-2 years.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in order to advance the maturation time of Sanhua plum, the invention selects 1-2 years of wild peaches as the stock, has strong affinity, developed root system, vigorous growth and certain drought and cold resistance, and can prevent the plant rhizosphere from dying in a short period of time when being soaked in rainwater for 3-4 months by using the wild peaches as the stock, thereby having long service life.
2. In order to advance the maturation time of Sanhua plum and improve the grafting survival rate, the grafting section is coated with a grafting growth promoter, and a seedling growth promoter is applied in the seedling planting stage; the auxin is indoleacetic acid or 2,4-D to promote plant growth; the cellulose is used as a plant fiber component, so that the fusion of two grafting sections can be accelerated, the grafting survival rate is improved, and the plant growth promoting effect of the auxin can be enhanced; the use of the surfactant can fully mix all the raw materials, the viscosity of the surfactant is greater than that of water, the surfactant can stay on a grafting section for a long time and is not easy to leak to the outer surface of a branch, the affinity between the surfactant and plant growth cellulose, cellulose and water molecules is strong, the water-retaining and moisture-retaining effects are achieved, and due to the 'emulsifying' property of the surfactant, the plant growth cellulose and the cellulose can have a certain slow-release effect, the time for the plant to absorb the substances is prolonged, and the absorption rate of the substances is improved.
3. The invention wraps the preservative film at the grafting wound, and the preservative film has the functions of heat preservation and preservation, prolongs the action time of the grafting growth promoter, and reduces the loss of water and the grafting growth promoter.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to practice, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
In the following examples, references to conventional field management means are used, unless otherwise specified: plum, shijian, sanhua plum bearing tree cultivation and management technology [ J ] modern horticulture, 2016 (13).
Example 1
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Pingyuan Sanhua plum variety, grafting the branches of the Sanhua plum on the stock, and coating grafting growth promoters on the branches of the Sanhua plum and the grafting sections on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose, 200ml of surfactant and water to a constant volume of 1L; the auxin is indoleacetic acid; the surfactant is glycerol; the application amount of the grafting growth promoter is that the grafting section of each branch is wet without liquid drop flowing down;
step 2, grafting wound maintenance:
after grafting for 1d, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 7 d; the wrapping thickness of the preservative film is 1mm, the wrapping length is 5cm, and the grafting wound is positioned in the middle of the preservative film;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are 5-6mm thick branches with the length of 10-15cm, the thickness of the stock is 1-3cm, the total grafted number is 150 branches, and all branches survive;
and step 3, transplanting:
cultivating for 1 year after grafting in an original nursery garden, selecting strong and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting (the first year in the current year) before spring tips of seedlings sprout, uniformly distributing 40 plants per mu in the planting density, planting the fruit seedlings in fixed planting holes with the length and the width of 1m and the depth of 0.8m, performing field management according to a conventional field management mode after planting the fruit seedlings until the Sanhua plum is mature, and harvesting the plum. The small amount of fruiting of the Sanhua plum in 3 rd year accounts for 1/4 of the large amount of fruiting; 1/2, the amount of the fruits is large, and the fruits are hung in a middle amount from the 4 th year; and (3) a large amount of fruits are bearing in the 5 th year, and the fruit bearing amount is estimated to be about 2100kg per mu yield in the 5 th year. The conventional field management comprises the steps of pruning, intertillage, fertilization, irrigation, weed removal, pest control and the like.
The application method of the base fertilizer (flower promoting fertilizer) comprises the following steps: applying organic fertilizers such as decomposed livestock manure and bran fertilizer as main materials before autumn and winter, and applying 20kg of organic fertilizer and 1.5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer respectively. Annular furrow application is adopted, namely annular fertilizing furrows with the width of 50cm and the depth of 30cm are dug at the water dripping line positions of the tree crowns, and fertilization is carried out in the furrows.
Fruit strengthening fertilizer: before the fruit rapidly grows, namely in the late 3 th-middle 4 th of the month, the quick-acting fertilizer is mainly applied, less compound fertilizer is applied to the decomposed animal wastes, and 20kg of the decomposed animal wastes and 1.5kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are applied to the plants after the shallow ditches are opened.
And (4) post-fruit fertilizer: applying the mixture after picking fruits, mainly applying organic fertilizer, matching with quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, performing shallow furrow application, applying 10kg of decomposed animal manure and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (N-P)2O5-K2The proportion of O is 15-15-15)1 kg.
In the embodiment, the average yield per mu of the small fruits in the 3 rd year of planting the Pingyuan Sanhua plum is 517kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 15 days; the average yield per mu of the fruits planted in the 4 th year is 1252kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 19 days; the average yield per mu of a large amount of fruits bearing in the 5 th year of planting is 2135kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 19 days.
Example 2
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting eight-step Sanhua plum variety, grafting the branches of the Sanhua plum on the stock, and coating grafting growth promoters on the branches of the Sanhua plum and the grafting section on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 2-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 3 months and 20 days in spring;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3mg of auxin, 1mg of cellulose, 100ml of surfactant and water to a constant volume of 1L; the auxin is 2, 4-D; the surfactant is tween 80; the application amount of the grafting growth promoter is that the grafting section of each branch is wet without liquid drop flowing down;
step 2, grafting wound maintenance:
after grafting for 3d, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 10 d; the wrapping thickness of the preservative film is 2mm, and the wrapping length is 3 cm;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are 5-6mm thick branches with the length of 10-15cm, the thickness of the stock is 1-3cm, the total grafted number is 150 branches, and all branches survive;
and step 3, transplanting:
cultivating 11 months after grafting in an original nursery garden, selecting healthy and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting (the planting year is the first year) before spring tips of seedlings sprout, uniformly distributing 45 plants per mu in the planting density, planting the fruit seedlings in fixed planting holes with the length and the width of 1m and the depth of 1m, performing field management according to a conventional field management mode after planting the fruit seedlings until the Sanhua plum is mature, and harvesting the plum. The small amount of fruiting of the Sanhua plum in 3 rd year accounts for 1/4 of the large amount of fruiting; 1/2, the amount of the fruits is large, and the fruits are hung in a middle amount from the 4 th year; and (3) starting to bear fruits in a large amount in the 5 th year, and predicting the fruit bearing amount in the 5 th year according to the per mu yield of about 2200 kg. The conventional field management comprises the steps of pruning, intertillage, fertilization, irrigation, weed removal, pest control and the like.
In the embodiment, the average yield per mu of the small fruits on the 3 rd year of eight-step Sanhua plum planting is 533kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 18 days; the average acre yield of the 4 th year of planting and bearing fruits is 1205kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 20 days; the average yield per mu of a large amount of fruiting in the 5 th year of planting is 2253kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 18 days.
Example 3
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Xinghua plum variety, grafting branches of Xinghua plum on a stock, and coating grafting growth promoters on the branches of Xinghua plum and the grafting section of the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose, 150ml of surfactant and water to a constant volume of 1L; the auxin is indoleacetic acid; the surfactant is glycerol; the application amount of the grafting growth promoter is that the grafting section of each branch is wet without liquid drop flowing down;
step 2, grafting wound maintenance:
after grafting for 1d, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 7 d; the wrapping thickness of the preservative film is 1mm, the wrapping length is 5cm, and the grafting wound is positioned in the middle of the preservative film;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are 5-6mm thick branches with the length of 10-15cm, the thickness of the stock is 1-3cm, the total grafted number is 150 branches, and all branches survive;
and step 3, transplanting:
cultivating for 1 year in an original nursery garden after grafting, selecting healthy and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting before spring tips of the seedlings sprout (the first year of planting in the current year), uniformly distributing 45 plants per mu in a planting density, planting the fruit seedlings in fixed planting holes with the length and width of 1m and the depth of 0.8m, and applying a seedling growth promoter in the fixed planting holes in the middle ten days of 3-4 months each year after planting the fruit seedlings; the seedling growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose and water to a constant volume of 1L; diluting by 100 times for use; the application amount of the seedling growth promoter is 200mL per planting hole, and the application mode is spraying and hole application. And performing field management on the rest of the plums according to a conventional field management mode until the Sanhua plums are mature, and harvesting the plums. The conventional field management method and time are the same as those of example 1.
Wherein, a small amount of fruiting is carried out at the 3 rd year of Sanhua plum planting, 1/4 which accounts for the large amount of fruiting is carried out, and a seedling growth promoter is applied to the fixed planting holes at 31 days in 3 months; carrying out moderate fruiting in 4 th year, 1/2, and applying seedling growth promoter in the fixed planting hole at 25 days 3 months; and (3) starting to bear a large amount of fruits in the 5 th year, applying a seedling growth promoter in a fixed planting hole for 4 months and 5 days, and predicting the fruit bearing amount according to the per mu yield of about 2200kg in the 5 th year. .
In the embodiment, the average yield per mu of the small fruits on the 3 rd year of planting the Pingyuan Sanhua plum is 542kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 7 days; the average yield per mu of the fruits on 4 th year of planting is 1220kg, and the harvesting time is 5 months and 5 days; the average yield per mu of a large amount of fruits bearing in the 5 th year of planting is 2305kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 5 days.
Comparative example 1
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Pingyuan Sanhua plum variety, grafting the branches of the Sanhua plum on the stock, and coating grafting growth promoters on the branches of the Sanhua plum and the grafting sections on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose, 200ml of surfactant and water to a constant volume of 1L; the auxin is indoleacetic acid; the surfactant is glycerol; the application amount of the grafting growth promoter is that the grafting section of each branch is wet without liquid drop flowing down;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are 5-6mm thick branches with the length of 10-15cm, the thickness of the stock is 1-3cm, the total grafting number is 150, and the survival number is 148;
and step 3, transplanting:
cultivating for 1 year after grafting in an original nursery garden, selecting strong and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting (the first year in the current year) before spring tips of seedlings sprout, uniformly distributing 40 plants per mu in the planting density, planting the fruit seedlings in fixed planting holes with the length and the width of 1m and the depth of 0.8m, performing field management according to a conventional field management mode after planting the fruit seedlings until the Sanhua plum is mature, and harvesting the plum. The small amount of fruiting of the Sanhua plum in 3 rd year accounts for 1/4 of the large amount of fruiting; 1/2, the amount of the fruits is large, and the fruits are hung in a middle amount from the 4 th year; and (3) a large amount of fruits are bearing in the 5 th year, and the fruit bearing amount is estimated to be about 2100kg per mu yield in the 5 th year. The conventional field management method and time are the same as those of example 1.
In the embodiment, the average yield per mu of the small fruits in the 3 rd year of planting the Pingyuan Sanhua plum is 480kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 20 days; the average yield per mu of the fruits on 4 th year of planting is 1154kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 22 days; the average yield per mu of a large amount of fruits bearing in the 5 th year of planting is 2099kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 22 days.
Comparative example 2
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Pingyuan Sanhua plum variety, grafting the branches of the Sanhua plum on the stock, and coating grafting growth promoters on the branches of the Sanhua plum and the grafting sections on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin and water are added to a constant volume of 1L; the auxin is indoleacetic acid; the surfactant is glycerol; the application amount of the grafting growth promoter is that the grafting section of each branch is wet without liquid drop flowing down;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are 5-6mm thick branches with the length of 10-15cm, the rootstock thickness is 1-3cm, the total grafted number is 150 branches, and the number of survival branches is 142 branches.
Comparative example 3
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Pingyuan Sanhua plum variety, and grafting the Sanhua plum branches on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring;
step 2, grafting wound maintenance:
after grafting for 1d, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 7 d; the wrapping thickness of the preservative film is 1mm, the wrapping length is 5cm, and the grafting wound is positioned in the middle of the preservative film;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are 5-6mm thick branches with the length of 10-15cm, the rootstock thickness is 1-3cm, the total grafted number is 150, and the survival number is 137.
Comparative example 4
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Pingyuan Sanhua plum variety, and grafting the Sanhua plum branches on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring.
In the embodiment, the grafted branches are branches with the thickness of 5-6mm and the length of 10-15cm, the thickness of the rootstock is 1-3cm, the total grafting number is 150, and the survival number is 130.
Comparative example 5
A method for cultivating early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on growth promoters comprises the following steps:
step 1, grafting:
selecting a Pingyuan Sanhua plum variety, and grafting the Sanhua plum branches on the stock; the stock selected by grafting is a 1-year-old wild peach tree, and the variety of the wild peach tree is Chunmei wild peach; the grafting time is 4 months and 5 days in spring;
in the embodiment, the grafted branches are branches with the thickness of 5-6mm and the length of 10-15cm, the thickness of the stock is 1-3cm, the total grafting number is 150, and the survival number is 130;
step 2, transplanting:
cultivating for 1 year in an original nursery garden after grafting, selecting healthy and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting before spring tips of the seedlings sprout (the first year of planting in the current year), uniformly distributing 40 seedlings per mu in a planting density, planting the fruit seedlings in fixed planting holes with the length and the width of 1m and the depth of 0.8m, and applying a seedling growth promoter in the fixed planting holes in the middle ten days of 3 months to 4 months of each year after planting the fruit seedlings; the seedling growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose and water to a constant volume of 1L; diluting by 100 times for use; the application amount of the seedling growth promoter is 200mL per planting hole, and the application mode is spraying and hole application. And performing field management on the rest of the plums according to a conventional field management mode until the Sanhua plums are mature, and harvesting the plums. The conventional field management method and time are the same as those of example 1.
Wherein, a small amount of fruiting is carried out from the 3 rd year of Sanhua plum planting, which accounts for 1/4 th of the large amount of fruiting, and a seedling growth promoter is applied to the fixed planting holes at 31 days 3 months; carrying out moderate fruiting in 4 th year, 1/2, and applying seedling growth promoter in the fixed planting hole at 25 days 3 months; and (3) starting to bear a large amount of fruits in the 5 th year, applying a seedling growth promoter in a fixed planting hole for 4 months and 5 days, and predicting the fruit bearing amount according to the per mu yield of about 2100kg in the 5 th year.
In the embodiment, the average yield per mu of the small fruits in the 3 rd year of planting the Pingyuan Sanhua plum is 498kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 10 days; the average yield per mu of the planted fruits in the 4 th year is 1080kg, and the harvesting time is 5 months and 11 days; the average yield per mu of a large amount of fruits bearing in the 5 th year of planting is 2155kg, and the harvesting time is 6 months and 11 days.
It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The cultivation method of the early-maturing Sanhua plum trees based on the growth promoter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, grafting:
grafting the Sanhua plum branches on the stocks, and coating grafting growth promoters on the Sanhua plum branches and grafting sections on the stocks;
the coating grafting growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5mg of plant auxin, 0.5-1mg of cellulose, 100ml of surfactant and 200ml of water, and the volume is fixed to 1L;
step 2, grafting wound maintenance:
after grafting for 1-3 days, wrapping a preservative film at the grafting wound for 7-10 days;
and step 3, transplanting:
cultivating for 11-13 months in an original nursery garden after grafting, selecting robust and disease-free fruit seedlings for planting before spring tips of seedlings sprout, performing field management according to a conventional field management mode after planting the fruit seedlings until the Sanhua plums are mature, and harvesting the plums.
2. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of early maturing Sanhua plum tree according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the auxin includes but is not limited to indoleacetic acid or 2, 4-D.
3. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of early maturing prunes of claim 2, wherein in step 1, the surfactant comprises but is not limited to glycerol or tween 80.
4. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of early-maturing Sanhua plum trees according to claim 3, wherein the application amount of the grafting growth promoter in step 1 is 1-2mL per square decimeter or 1-2mL per grafting section.
5. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of premature prunes according to claim 1, wherein the wrap thickness of said plastic wrap is 1-2mm and the wrap length is 3-5 cm.
6. The method for cultivating early maturing Sanhuali plum trees according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, 40-45 plants are planted per mu, fruit seedlings are planted in the planting holes, and a seedling growth promoter is applied to the planting holes in 3 Laetia to 4 Laetia;
the seedling growth promoter is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5mg of auxin, 0.5mg of cellulose and water to a constant volume of 1L; diluted 100 times for use.
7. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of early-maturing prune trees according to claim 6, wherein the application amount of the seedling growth promoter is 200-300mL per planting hole.
8. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of premature Sanhua plum trees according to claim 1, wherein the Sanhua plum variety of step 1 is Xinhua Sanhua plum, Pingyuan Sanhua plum or eight-step Sanhua plum.
9. The growth promoter-based cultivation method of early maturing Sanhua plum trees according to claim 8, wherein the grafting time is 3-4 months.
10. The growth promoter-based early maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method according to claim 9, wherein the rootstock selected for grafting is a 1-2 year old peach tree.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110368988.7A CN113057066A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110368988.7A CN113057066A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113057066A true CN113057066A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
Family
ID=76566000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110368988.7A Pending CN113057066A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113057066A (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206184A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-17 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Treatment method for improving survival rate of nursery stock grafting |
| CN104871912A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-02 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of plum in Karst rock-desertification areas |
| CN105875210A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-24 | 广西玉林天地网农业科技有限公司 | Method for grafting bergamots |
| CN107432195A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-12-05 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣研究所 | A kind of winter jujube engrafting and cultivating method |
| CN107593136A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-19 | 陈金水 | A kind of cultural method of precocious Gentiana triflora tree |
| CN107660393A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 陆川县泓源蔬菜专业合作社 | The engrafting method of Gentiana triflora |
| CN107996255A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽百卉园林有限公司 | Cold-resistant, saline-alkali tolerant, adaptable bedleaf cherry plum nursery stock breeding method |
| CN109247149A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-22 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of plum engrafting method |
| CN110558078A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | method for cultivating grafted seedlings of prunus salicina |
| CN110946162A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-03 | 贵州省硕源大地农业发展有限公司 | Healing agent for grafting of bee sugar plums |
-
2021
- 2021-04-06 CN CN202110368988.7A patent/CN113057066A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206184A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-17 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Treatment method for improving survival rate of nursery stock grafting |
| CN104871912A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-02 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of plum in Karst rock-desertification areas |
| CN105875210A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-24 | 广西玉林天地网农业科技有限公司 | Method for grafting bergamots |
| CN107660393A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 陆川县泓源蔬菜专业合作社 | The engrafting method of Gentiana triflora |
| CN107432195A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-12-05 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣研究所 | A kind of winter jujube engrafting and cultivating method |
| CN107593136A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-19 | 陈金水 | A kind of cultural method of precocious Gentiana triflora tree |
| CN107996255A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽百卉园林有限公司 | Cold-resistant, saline-alkali tolerant, adaptable bedleaf cherry plum nursery stock breeding method |
| CN109247149A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-22 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of plum engrafting method |
| CN110558078A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | method for cultivating grafted seedlings of prunus salicina |
| CN110946162A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-03 | 贵州省硕源大地农业发展有限公司 | Healing agent for grafting of bee sugar plums |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 史永利: "日光温室黄瓜规范化栽培技术", 30 November 2015, 兰州：甘肃科学技术出版社, pages: 154 * |
| 姚良永;: "平远三华李优质丰产栽培技术规程", 现代园艺, vol. 1, no. 21, pages 106 * |
| 沈兆敏等: "柑桔优质丰产技术问答（上）", vol. 1, 北京：科学普及出版社, pages: 44 * |
| 河北省昌黎农业学校主编: "土壤肥料学（北方本）下册", 31 October 1979, 北京：农业出版社, pages: 426 * |
| 郑宏刚等: "云南省中低产田改造方法与实践", vol. 1, 31 May 2019, 北京：科学普及出版社, pages: 44 - 5 * |
| 马树彬等: "种买卖吃菜的学问", 31 May 1989, 北京：中国林业出版社, pages: 11 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104521579B (en) | Cherry dense and dwarf planting method | |
| CN103141254B (en) | Vegetative propagation method for SH-series apple dwarfing rootstock | |
| CN111011101A (en) | Method for ecological regulation and control of sunshine rose vineyard | |
| CN112205229B (en) | Efficient cost-saving citrus cultivation method | |
| CN106386367A (en) | Plum tree planting method | |
| CN108668666A (en) | The implantation methods of peach | |
| Singh et al. | Lychee production in India | |
| CN105123398B (en) | A kind of facility peach High-efficiency Sustainable production method | |
| CN111903408A (en) | High-yield peach tree cultivation method | |
| CN107926459A (en) | A kind of dual-purpose efficient growing and cultivation method of green fruit fruit material | |
| CN111011091A (en) | High-yield and stable-yield orange planting method | |
| CN105746288B (en) | A kind of method for building up of cassie Asia pine cuttage nursery system | |
| CN107950282A (en) | A kind of apocarya implantation methods | |
| CN114051859A (en) | Ecological total-nutrition cultivation management method for greenhouse cherry tomatoes | |
| CN113057066A (en) | Early-maturing Sanhua plum tree cultivation method based on growth promoter | |
| CN112913606A (en) | Lodging-resistant cultivation method for enhancing wild fragrant high-quality series high-quality hybrid rice | |
| CN106165635A (en) | A kind of llex cornuta lindl method for quickly breeding | |
| CN111194629A (en) | Chestnut tree grafting method | |
| CN111084038A (en) | Winter jujube cultivation and planting method | |
| CN109042017A (en) | A kind of method that sweet osmanthus nursery stock is cultivated in hayashishita vacant lot | |
| CN107439328A (en) | A kind of grape planting process | |
| CN109429874B (en) | Method for improving seed setting rate of seed-collecting mother tree of robinia pseudoacacia | |
| CN108093801B (en) | Fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera | |
| CN105052648A (en) | Cultivation method for Jinxiu crabapple heart-shaped fruits | |
| Swaroop et al. | Response of Different Irrigation Scheduling and Nutrients on Growth, Flowering and Corm Traits of Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) under Delhi Condition |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |