CN108093801B - Fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera Download PDFInfo
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- CN108093801B CN108093801B CN201711404198.XA CN201711404198A CN108093801B CN 108093801 B CN108093801 B CN 108093801B CN 201711404198 A CN201711404198 A CN 201711404198A CN 108093801 B CN108093801 B CN 108093801B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera, and belongs to the field of plant growth regulation and control. The fertilizing method mainly utilizes the influence of different kinds of nutrient elements on the growth and development of dalbergia odorifera, and regulates and controls by controlling fertilizing time, fertilizing amount and fertilizing formula, so that the purpose of regulating and controlling the vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera is achieved, the purpose of determining the optimal fertilizing scheme according to the operation target is finally achieved, and the quality and efficiency improvement of the artificial dalbergia odorifera forest are realized. The scheme has the advantages of simple operation, practicality, effectiveness, rapid action and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant growth regulation and control, and particularly relates to a fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera.
Background
The fertilization is one of the important ways of intensive forestry operation and realization of fast forest stand production and high yield, and is also an important operation measure for improving the seed yield and quality. In the production practice of artificial forests, different fertilization schemes or formulas are adopted according to different operation targets, and the optimal economic benefit is achieved by regulating and controlling the transformation relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth in each growth stage. For example, when cultivating timber forest, a fertilization scheme for promoting the growth of timber (nutrition) is adopted to increase the yield and the quality of timber, and when the fertilizer is used in a seed garden or an orchard, a fertilization formula for promoting reproductive growth, flowering and fructification in advance and improving the quantity and the quality of seeds is more effective.
Dalbergia odorifera (Dalbergia odorifera), also called Hainan yellow pear, rosewood and the like, is a pterocarpus plant of Papilionaceae, has hard core material texture, beautiful pattern and special aromatic odor, is a first-class material for manufacturing high-grade furniture, artware, musical instruments and rare decorative products, and has various effects of promoting qi circulation, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding, resisting coagulation, resisting cancer and the like because the core material of the trunk and the root is a rare Chinese medicinal material. The dalbergia odorifera is slow in forming under natural conditions, and can grow into large-diameter materials in about 30-40 years. When cultivating timber forest, the fertilizer application scheme for promoting vegetative growth is usually adopted to increase the yield and quality of timber and further shorten the rotation felling period. On the other hand, research and production practices show that the rosewood superior tree growing vigorously usually blooms and fruits late, and the seed yield is low, and research on Cunninghamia lanceolata (Cunninghamia lanceolata) shows that the appropriate fertilizer formula can remarkably promote blossoming and fruits, improve the seed yield and quality, and shorten the breeding period. Therefore, the method (invention) for developing the fertilization scheme of the dalbergia odorifera vegetative growth or reproductive growth regulation technology has important practical significance for promoting the rapid and healthy development of the dalbergia odorifera artificial forest in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fertilizing method for regulating and controlling the vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera.
By utilizing the fertilizing method, the Dalbergia odorifera artificial forest can adopt different fertilizing schemes according to different operation targets, finally realize the quality and efficiency improvement of the Dalbergia odorifera artificial forest, and improve the economic benefit to the maximum extent. The method has the advantages of simple operation, quick response, feasibility and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera comprises the following steps:
(1) soil preparation and acupoint enlargement
Completely removing weeds in the artificial young forest of dalbergia odorifera by using a hoe, then expanding holes by taking a trunk as a center, wherein the hole expanding depth is 8-10 cm, and symmetrically digging two pits at the water dropping line position of the trunk for fertilizing;
(2) fertilizer for external application of roots
Evenly dividing a nitrogen fertilizer or a phosphate fertilizer into two halves, sequentially applying the two halves into the fertilizing pit in the step (1), and finally covering the fertilizing pit with loose soil;
the dosage of the nitrogen fertilizer is 170-200 g N/plant, and the dosage of the phosphate fertilizer is 110-130 g P2O5Strain/strain;
if the main goal is to manage the forest, please apply the nitrogenous fertilizer, if the main goal is to manage the forest, apply the phosphate fertilizer;
(3) tending management after fertilization
After fertilization, the occurrence of insect pests is strictly controlled, and pesticides are sprayed in time for prevention and treatment.
The preferred forest age of the artificial young dalbergia odorifera forest in the step (1) is 8-10 years, and the growth stage is the optimal age stage for regulating and controlling vegetative growth and reproductive growth.
The preferable time for hole enlargement on the whole land in the step (1) is about 8 months and is carried out before a rainy season comes. Just prior to the differentiation of shoots during this season.
The hole expanding size in the step (1) is in a radius range of 30-45 cm away from a trunk by taking the trunk as a center, and the fertilizer application pit is 10-15 cm in depth and 20-30 cm in width.
The dosage of the nitrogen fertilizer in the step (2) is preferably 185.6g N per strain;
the dosage of the phosphate fertilizer in the step (2) is preferably 120g P2O5Strain/strain.
The nitrogen fertilizer in step (2) is preferably urea, ammonium nitrate, etc., but not limited thereto.
The phosphate fertilizer in step (2) is preferably calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, etc., but is not limited thereto.
The N content of the urea is more than 46.4 percent, the N content of the ammonium nitrate is more than 34 percent, and the P content of the calcium superphosphate2O5The content of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus is 12-16%, and the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus contain P2O5The amount is 12-18%.
The thickness of the covering soil in the step (2) is 10-15 cm.
The time for spraying the pesticide in the step (3) is within 2 months after fertilization, clear weather is selected, the pesticide is 1.8 percent of abamectin emulsifiable solution or 5 percent of emamectin benzoate water dispersible granules, and the dosage is 1280mL/hm2And 450g/hm2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
the fertilizing method mainly utilizes the influence of different kinds of nutrient elements on the growth and development of dalbergia odorifera, and regulates and controls by controlling fertilizing time, fertilizing amount and fertilizing formula, so that the purpose of regulating and controlling the vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera is achieved, the purpose of determining the optimal fertilizing scheme according to the operation target is finally achieved, and the quality and efficiency improvement of the artificial dalbergia odorifera forest are realized. The scheme has the advantages of simple operation, practicality, effectiveness, rapid action and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the flowering forest phase of 8-year old Dalbergia odorifera Linn artificial forest in example 2 after application of phosphate fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Promoting vegetative growth (2015 8 months, Guangdong Buddha mountain)
(1) Soil preparation and acupoint enlargement
Selecting an 8-year-old dalbergia odorifera artificial young forest, wherein the initial planting density is 3 multiplied by 3m, the average tree height of the forest stand is 5.36 +/-0.66 m, and the average breast diameter is 6.62 +/-1.23 cm. The method comprises the steps of comprehensively removing the weeds under the forest by using a hoe, then drying the weeds for 2-3 days, then expanding holes with the trunk as the center, wherein the hole expanding depth is 10cm, the hole expanding range is a circle with the trunk as the center and the radius of 40cm, and finally symmetrically digging two pits (the depth is 10-15 cm, and the width is 20-30 cm) at the water dripping line position of the trunk for fertilizing.
(2) Fertilizer for external application of roots
Firstly, the types and the using amounts of fertilizers are as follows:
urea produced by Sichuan Meifeng chemical Co., Ltd is selected, the N content is 46.4%, the dosage of each tree is 400g, namely the N dosage of each tree is 185.6 g.
Secondly, the application method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps:
evenly dividing the weighed urea into two halves, respectively placing the two halves into two dug fertilizer placement pits, and then uniformly covering the pits with loose soil, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 10-15 cm.
(3) Tending management after fertilization
After fertilizing for 40 days, 5% emamectin benzoate water dispersible granules are sprayed on the forest stand comprehensively for preventing and controlling leaf-eating pests, and the main pests are two-line noctuids.
Regulating post-growth conditions
Fertilizing in 8 months in 2015, and researching vegetative growth and reproductive growth in 2016 and 5 months, and finding that after 185.6 gN/N nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the vegetative shoot rate, the number of multiple leaves of the vegetative shoot and the width of small leaves of an annual branch are respectively improved by 40.25%, 21.75% and 9.52% compared with a control, the inflorescence diameter and the inflorescence biomass are sequentially reduced by 12.75% and 48.63%, and the inflorescence diameter and the inflorescence biomass reach obvious levels, so that the application of 185.6g N/N fertilizer can regulate and control the transformation of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera, the vegetative growth is obviously promoted, and the reproductive growth is inhibited.
Example 2
Promoting reproductive growth (2015 8 months, Guangdong Buddha mountain)
(1) Soil preparation and acupoint enlargement
Selecting an 8-year-old dalbergia odorifera artificial young forest, wherein the initial planting density is 3 multiplied by 3m, the average tree height of the forest stand is 5.36 +/-0.66 m, and the average breast diameter is 6.62 +/-1.23 cm. The method comprises the steps of comprehensively removing the weeds under the forest by using a hoe, then drying the weeds for 2-3 days, then expanding holes with the trunk as the center, wherein the hole expanding depth is 10cm, the hole expanding range is a circle with the trunk as the center and the radius of 40cm, and finally symmetrically digging two pits (the depth is 10-15 cm, and the width is 20-30 cm) at the water dripping line position of the trunk for fertilizing.
(2) Fertilizer for external application of roots
Firstly, the types and the using amounts of fertilizers are as follows:
selecting superphosphate produced by agriculture and fertilizer industry limited in Guigang, containing P2O512% and the application rate per tree is 1000g, namely, each plant P2O5The dosage is 120 g.
Secondly, the application method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps:
evenly dividing the weighed calcium superphosphate into two halves, sequentially placing the two halves into two dug fertilizing pits, and then uniformly covering the two fertilizer pits with loosened soil, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 10-15 cm.
(3) Tending management after fertilization
After fertilizing for 40 days, 5% emamectin benzoate water dispersible granules are sprayed on the forest stand comprehensively for preventing and controlling leaf-eating pests, and the main pests are two-line noctuids.
Regulating post-growth conditions
Fertilization in month 8 in 2015, investigation of vegetative growth and reproductive growth in 2016 and 5 months, found that each application was 120g P2O5The vegetative shoot rate of the later-year branches is reduced by 47.96 percent compared with that of the control and reaches a significant level, and simultaneously, the inflorescence number, the inflorescence biomass and the inflorescence diameter are respectively increased by 35.33 percent, 25.37 percent and 11.89 percent compared with that of the control, and the application is shown to be 120g P by combining the figure 12O5The strain can regulate and control the transformation of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera, remarkably promote reproductive growth and inhibit vegetative growth.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) soil preparation and acupoint enlargement
Completely removing weeds in an artificial young dalbergia odorifera forest with the forest age of 8-10 years by using a hoe, then expanding holes with the trunk as the center and the hole expanding depth of 8-10 cm, and symmetrically digging two pits at the water dropping line position of the trunk for fertilizing; the hole expanding size is within a radius range of 30-45 cm away from a trunk by taking the trunk as a center, the depth of the fertilizer application pit is 10-15 cm, and the width of the fertilizer application pit is 20-30 cm;
the time for soil preparation and hole enlargement is about 8 months and is carried out before a rainy season comes;
(2) fertilizer for external application of roots
Evenly dividing a nitrogen fertilizer or a phosphate fertilizer into two halves, sequentially applying the two halves into the fertilizing pit in the step (1), and finally covering the fertilizing pit with loose soil;
the nitrogen fertilizer is urea and ammonium nitrate; the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate;
the dosage of the nitrogen fertilizer is 185.6g N per strain, and the dosage of the phosphate fertilizer is 120g P per strain2O5Strain/strain;
(3) tending management after fertilization
After fertilization, the occurrence of insect pests is strictly controlled, and pesticides are sprayed in time for prevention and treatment.
2. The fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the thickness of the covering soil in the step (2) is 10-15 cm.
3. The fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera according to claim 1, characterized in that:
and (4) the time for spraying the pesticide in the step (3) is within 2 months after fertilization, and clear weather is selected.
4. The fertilizing method for regulating and controlling vegetative growth or reproductive growth of dalbergia odorifera according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that:
the pesticide sprayed in the step (3) is 1.8 percent of abamectin missible oil or 5 percent of emamectin benzoate water dispersible granules, and the dosage is 1280mL/hm2And 450g/hm2。
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