CN105601356B - A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization - Google Patents
A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization Download PDFInfo
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, and steps are as follows: (1) by waste bacterium rod after except impurity, crushing, pretreatment bacteria residue is made in steam treatment；(2) water content, the pH for adjusting pretreatment bacteria residue build heap and carry out solid-state aerobic fermentation, and just zymophyte slag is made；(3) first zymophyte slag is mixed in proportion with water, Continuous aeration fermentation, through filtering, filtrate is edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent, and vegetable cultivation base-material is made through drying, crushing in filter residue.The present invention makes full use of the mycoprotein being rich in bacteria residue, polysaccharide, oligosaccharides, enzyme, microorganism and other biological activities substance etc., mycoprotein, cellulose, lignin etc. are further degraded to the substance that edible mushroom is easy to be absorbed and utilized, pass through extraction, it obtains and contains several physiological active substances and nutritional ingredient, it can promote the edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent of edible fungi growth, filter residue is used to prepare vegetable seedling substrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, belong to edible fungus culturing waste utilization technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
China's Edible Fungi Industry Development was rapid in recent years, especially the factorial production number of the enterprise rapid development, and had
There is very big development potentiality.But the common raw material such as cotton seed hulls, wheat straw, corncob currently used for edible fungus culturing is increasingly
Few, the rise of these prices of raw materials causes mushroom industry comprehensive benefit to decline, and the market competitive pressure increases.In Edible Fungi
Edible fungi growth is stimulated sometimes through addition nutrition regulating agent, improves yield.These nutrition regulating agents are made by chemistry
Agent and hormonal substance composition, spice using effect is less obvious, and the use of sporophore growth phase has chemical residual and pollution, makes
Dead mushroom and yellow mushroom are caused with improper, product quality is influenced, brings different degrees of pollution to environment.
With the fast development of China's mushroom industry, large amounts of food bacterium bacteria residue is constantly generated, and China generates dry bacterium every year
Slag is ten thousand tons about more than 2000, but the year comprehensive utilization ratio of bacteria residue is lower, and most of bacteria residue is arbitrarily stacked or burnt, and is on the one hand made
At environmental pollution, miscellaneous bacteria and pathogen are on the other hand bred to edible mushroom scale producing region and brings security risk, becomes restriction
One important link of industry development.Mushroom industry is typical circular agriculture, bacteria residue be not Edible Fungi link most
Latter ring, is not without the waste of use, opposite bacteria residue protein, cellulose and amino acid rich in etc., and mycelia is raw
Various saccharides, organic acid, enzyme and bioactive substance are also produced by enzymolysis in growth process, furthermore also contained in bacteria residue
There are the microelements such as iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium, nutrient composition content is abundant, has good utility value.In culture materials of edible fungi
It is properly added edible fungi residue, in terms of improving the hypha of edible fungus speed of growth, neatly buddingging, shift to an earlier date fruiting, increase
With good effect, but the nutritional quality of bacteria residue is related with the type of culture material and degradation producing level, therefore in compost
Bacteria residue additive amount is not easy strictly to hold, and additive amount is excessive in compost causes subalimentation.And bacteria residue easily breed miscellaneous bacteria and
Pathogen will cause security risks, the bacteria residues such as bacterium bag pollution and deal with physicochemical character improperly and be substantially reduced, it is raw to seriously affect edible mushroom
It produces.
Further, since edible fungi residue is loose and aeration is good, total pore space and water holding hole are big, and organic matter, quick-acting
The nutrient contents such as N P and K are high, and the cultivation matrix that can be used as gardening gardens uses, but EC value is higher in bacteria residue, is easy to cause soil
Middle salt accumulation；It does seedling medium and will lead to seedling leaves and phenomena such as weak yellow, growing way, root browning occur.
Chinese patent literature CN104604523A (application number 201510054011.2) discloses a kind of fermented with tunnel and trains
The Volvaria volvacea cultivation method of base is supported, by weight by 7~8 parts of needle mushroom dreg and 2~3 parts of waste cotton, is placed in blender, adds
The quick lime for entering compost total weight 3%~6%, adds water and stirs, and makes the moisture control of compost 65%~70%, pH value
Control is 8~9, process of passing through tunnel fermentation, straw mushroom by inoculation, bacterium germination, culture, fruiting new method for cultivating.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of methods of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization.Purpose is to realize
The circulation comprehensive of edible fungi residue utilizes；The edibility bacterium production application of edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is made, and has and shortens life
The period is produced, fruiting is concentrated, increases the features such as yield, safety and stability, green natural, other products can be simultaneously production seedling medium
Raw material is provided.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, includes the following steps:
(1) by pollution-free and mildew waste bacterium rod after except impurity, crushing, pre- place is made in 65~75 DEG C of 10~15h of processing
Manage bacteria residue；
(2) water content of regulating step (1) pretreatment bacteria residue obtained is to 55%~65% (mass percent), pH6.5
~8.0, item chops formula and builds heap, carries out aerobic fermentation；The primary fermentation stage, when material temperature reaches 55 DEG C or more holdings 3~4d of fermentation, material temperature
Forced ventilation lower than 55 DEG C or when being higher than 65 DEG C, every 1.5~2.0h divulge information 10~20min, and ventilation quantity is per minute 0.1~
0.2m3/m3Windrow, then turning, using identical offering oxygen way ventilating fermentation, when heap temperature is raised to 55 DEG C or more again, every
2d turning is primary, and turning 3~4 times；Post-fermentation stage, material heap surface cover film, are warming up to 55~65 DEG C, and heat-preservation fermentation 20~
28h, continues 5~6d of fermentation by aeration-cooling to 48~52 DEG C, and just zymophyte slag is made；
(3) by made from step (2) just zymophyte slag and water according to mass ratio 1:(4~6) ratio mix, Continuous aeration
Ferment 45~50h, 0.8~1.2vvm of ventilatory capacity, 80~120r/min of speed of agitator, and through filtering, filtrate is the increasing of edible mushroom growth-promoting
Agent is produced, vegetable cultivation base-material is made through drying, crushing in filter residue.
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step (1), except impurity is polybag, the scleroma block, wood removed in waste bacterium rod
Stick, plastic foil, tie string and/or other sundries.
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step (1), handle as using steam treatment.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the step (1), waste bacterium rod is the useless bacterium produced after needle mushroom and/or Pleurotus eryngii
Stick.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the step (2), building heap is to build up high 0.8~1.2m, 2.0~2.5m of bottom width, top
Wide 1.0~1.5m, length are greater than the trapezoidal pile heap of 3.0m.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the step (3), the water is tap water；It is further preferred that it is described originally
Water is through preparatory 1.5~3h of Air Exposure and is stirred continuously, and removes the tap water of chlorine in water.
It is preferred according to the present invention, in the step (3), partial size 0.5cm is crushed to hereinafter, moisture content 20%~30%
(mass percent).
A kind of vegetable seedling substrate, it is parts by volume that component is as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material 40%~60%, turf 15%~20%, vermiculite 20%~30%, perlite 5%~10%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable seedling substrate, steps are as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material, turf, vermiculite and perlite are mixed in proportion respectively, vegetable seedling substrate is made.
Application of the above-mentioned edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent in Edible Fungi.
Preferred according to the present invention, above-mentioned application, steps are as follows:
(1) by edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent and water 1:(8~12 by volume) ratio mix, spray liquid is made；
(2) spray liquid that step (1) is prepared is used as spice with water in the edible mushroom mixing phase；In every damp mushroom fructification
The spray liquid for preparing step (1) before being formed presses 200~300mL/m2It is sprayed on compost charge level；It will be walked in the sporophore growth phase
Suddenly the spray liquid that (1) is prepared presses 200~300mL/m2It is sprayed on fruit body of edible fungi, every damp mushroom sprays 1~3 time, between each
Every 2~3d.
Beneficial effect
1, the present invention makes full use of in bacteria residue and decomposes the mycoprotein, more generated during matrix rich in hypha of edible fungus
Sugar, oligosaccharides, enzyme, microorganism and other biological active material etc., bacteria residue is by high-temperature solid aerobic fermentation and adds water and stirs
Mycoprotein, cellulose, lignin etc. are further degraded to the substance that edible mushroom is easy to be absorbed and utilized, pass through leaching by aerobe fermentation
It mentions, obtains containing several physiological active substances and nutritional ingredient, the edible mushroom growth-promoting that edible fungi growth, offer nutrient can be promoted
Increasing agent, filter residue can be used as vegetable seedling substrate raw material；
2, edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent produced by the present invention, avoids and occurs after being directly added into bacteria residue in culture materials of edible fungi
Additive amount is not easy to control, subalimentation and bacteria residue transportation cost are high, the problems such as being easy mildew during storage, product is natural,
Pollution-free, noresidue, it is easy to use, hypha of edible fungus purseful time, former base time of occurrence and change of tide phase can be shortened, promoted whole
Neat fruiting of buddingging, application can save mass energy consumption and management cost in the factorial production, but also have volume increase work
With productivity effect significantly improves；
3, vegetable cultivation base-material made from the method, the EC value compared with bacteria residue are remarkably decreased, not only solve through the invention
It has determined problem of environmental pollution caused by traditional salt reduction processing mode, and has significantly reduced production cost；In addition, vegetable seed phytyl
Material have passed through high-temperature solid aerobic fermentation and add water and stir aerobic fermentation, and physicochemical character further improves, and loose and aeration is good,
Total pore space and water holding hole are big, and aeration and water conservation moisture holding capacity are strong, reduce to the substance of the toxic effect in vegetables root.
4, the vegetables that vegetable cultivation base-material made from method of the present invention and turf, vermiculite, perlite are mixed with
Seedling medium, the indexs such as bulk density, partial size, porosity, retentiveness, EC value are good, and vegetables emergence is neat, and cotyledon is loose, stem height,
Stem thickness, portion's dry matter all improves comprehensively above and below the ground, and plant disease resistance improves, the morbidity such as root samping off, rot disease
Rate significantly reduces.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment, but the present invention protected it is interior
Appearance is not limited thereto.
The content of turf quality of organic matter described in embodiment is 60%~70%, is purchased from Jinan Lu Qing seedling Co., Ltd；
Vermiculite and perlite are extruding vermiculite and fine perlite, are purchased from Shen county of Shandong Yi Nong seedling medium Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, includes the following steps:
(1) by the waste bacterium rod after pollution-free and mildew production needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii through the plastics in removal waste bacterium rod
The sundries such as bag, scleroma block, wooden stick, plastic foil, tie string, then crush, 70 DEG C of steam treatment 12h, and pretreatment bacteria residue is made；
The mass ratio for producing the waste bacterium rod of needle mushroom and the waste bacterium rod of production Pleurotus eryngii is 1:1；
(2) water content of regulating step (1) pretreatment bacteria residue obtained is to 60%, pH7.5, by bacteria residue build up high 1.0m,
The trapezoidal pile heap of bottom width 2.2m, top width 1.2m, length 5.0m；The primary fermentation stage, when material temperature reaches 55 DEG C or more holding fermentations
4d, material temperature forced ventilation lower than 55 DEG C or when being higher than 65 DEG C, using pressure air pump from bottom ventilation, every 2.0h ventilation 15min leads to
Air quantity is 0.15m per minute3/m3Windrow, then turning；Again after building heap, using identical offering oxygen way ventilating fermentation, work as heap
When temperature is raised to 55 DEG C or more again, successively turning 3 time primary every 2d turning；Post-fermentation stage, material heap surface cover film,
55~65 DEG C are warming up to, heat-preservation fermentation for 24 hours, aeration-cooling to 48~52 DEG C, continues the 5d that ferments, and just zymophyte slag is made；
(3) the preparatory Air Exposure 2h of tap water, by just zymophyte slag and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:5 made from step (2)
It closes, Continuous aeration fermentation 48h, the ventilatory capacity 1.0vvm in the simple fermentor of capacity 25L, through filtering, filtrate is edible mushroom growth-promoting
Increasing agent, filter residue are 30% through drying to moisture content, crushed the sieve that aperture is 0.5cm, vegetable cultivation base-material is made.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, includes the following steps:
(1) by it is pollution-free and mildew production Pleurotus eryngii after waste bacterium rod through removal waste bacterium rod in polybag, scleroma block,
The sundries such as wooden stick, plastic foil, tie string, then crush, 65 DEG C of steam treatment 15h, and pretreatment bacteria residue is made；
(2) water content of regulating step (1) pretreatment bacteria residue obtained is to 55%, pH8.0, by bacteria residue build up high 1.2m,
The trapezoidal pile heap of bottom width 2.5m, top width 1.5m, length 4.0m；The primary fermentation stage, when material temperature reaches 55 DEG C or more holding fermentations
4d, material temperature forced ventilation lower than 55 DEG C or when being higher than 65 DEG C, using pressure air pump from bottom ventilation, every 1.5h ventilation 10min leads to
Air quantity is 0.2m per minute3/m3Windrow, then turning；Again after building heap, using identical offering oxygen way ventilating fermentation, when heap temperature
It is primary every 2d turning when being raised to 55 DEG C or more again, successively turning 4 times；Post-fermentation stage, material heap surface cover film, rise
To 55~65 DEG C, heat-preservation fermentation 28h aeration-cooling to 48~52 DEG C, continues the 5d that ferments, just zymophyte slag is made temperature；
(3) the preparatory Air Exposure 1.5h of tap water, by made from step (2) just zymophyte slag and water according to 1:4 ratio
Mixing, Continuous aeration fermentation 50h, the ventilatory capacity 0.8vvm in the simple fermentor of capacity 25L, through filtering, filtrate is edible mushroom rush
Raw increasing agent, filter residue are 25% through drying to moisture content, crushed the sieve that aperture is 0.5cm, vegetable cultivation base-material is made.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, includes the following steps:
(1) by the waste bacterium rod of pollution-free and mildew production needle mushroom through polybag, the scleroma block, wood in removal waste bacterium rod
The sundries such as stick, plastic foil, tie string, then crush, 75 DEG C of steam treatment 10h, and pretreatment bacteria residue is made；
(2) water content of regulating step (1) pretreatment bacteria residue obtained is to 65%, pH6.5, by bacteria residue build up high 0.8m,
The trapezoidal pile heap of bottom width 2.0m, top width 1.0m, length 5.0m.The primary fermentation stage reaches 55 DEG C or more holding fermentations when material temperature
3d, material temperature forced ventilation lower than 55 DEG C or when being higher than 65 DEG C, using pressure air pump from bottom ventilation, every 2.0h ventilation 20min leads to
Air quantity is 0.1m per minute3/m3Windrow, then turning.Again after building heap, using identical offering oxygen way ventilating fermentation, when heap temperature
It is primary every 2d turning when being raised to 55 DEG C or more again, successively turning 3 times.Post-fermentation stage material heap surface covers film, heating
To 55~65 DEG C, heat-preservation fermentation 20h aeration-cooling to 48~52 DEG C, continues the 6d that ferments, just zymophyte slag is made；
(3) the preparatory Air Exposure 3h of tap water, by just zymophyte slag and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:6 made from step (2)
It closes, Continuous aeration fermentation 45h, the ventilatory capacity 1.2vvm in the simple fermentor of capacity 25L, through filtering, filtrate is edible mushroom growth-promoting
Increasing agent, filter residue are 20% through drying to moisture content, crushed the sieve that aperture is 0.5cm, vegetable cultivation base-material is made.
Embodiment 4
A kind of vegetable seedling substrate, it is parts by volume that component is as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material 40% made from embodiment 1, turf 20%, vermiculite 30%, perlite 10%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable seedling substrate, steps are as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material, turf, vermiculite and perlite are mixed in proportion respectively, vegetable seedling substrate is made.
Embodiment 5
A kind of vegetable seedling substrate, it is parts by volume that component is as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material 60% made from embodiment 2, turf 15%, vermiculite 20%, perlite 5%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable seedling substrate, steps are as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material, turf, vermiculite and perlite are mixed in proportion respectively, vegetable seedling substrate is made.
Embodiment 6
A kind of vegetable seedling substrate, it is parts by volume that component is as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material 50% made from embodiment 3, turf 18%, vermiculite 24%, perlite 8%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned vegetable seedling substrate, steps are as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material, turf, vermiculite and perlite are mixed in proportion respectively, vegetable seedling substrate is made.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of Pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue extract:
(1) fermenting agent (liking that Promised Land Biotechnology Co., Ltd is on sale in Shandong) for adding Pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue quality 8%, is adjusted
Section water content is with hand to pinch one, has water to flow out between finger, but subject to not oozing, room temperature is sealed by fermentation 3 days, is fermented
Bacteria residue.Fermentation is with the mass ratio 0.1:0.3:0.5 that microbial inoculum is cellulase, lignoenzyme and brewer's yeast.
(2) bacteria residue after fermentation is mixed with pure water 1:10 in mass ratio, boils 35min, obtains Pleurotus eryngii after filtering
Bacteria residue extract and filter residue；Filtrate is used as edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent, and filter residue is 20% through drying to moisture content, crushed aperture
For the sieve of 0.5cm, vegetable cultivation base-material is made.
Application examples 1: application of the edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent in oyster mushroom plantation
Embodiment 1,2 and 3 methods preparation edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is respectively adopted, is respectively test group for planting oyster mushroom
1-1,2-1 and 3-1.Application method: common greenhouse cultivation oyster mushroom, using 17cm × 33cm polyethylene plastic bag, culturing raw material is pressed
The ratio of volume ratio 1:1.3 admixes 12 times of growth-promoting increasing agent of dilution, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilization 12h after pack, it is cooling after inoculation,
Bacterium germination.Three damp mushrooms are adopted altogether, and the growth-promoting increasing agent for diluting 12 times is pressed into 300mL/m before every damp mushroom fruit-body formation2It is sprayed on training
Nutriment charge level is sprayed to charge level and moistens, then divulges information half an hour, will dilute 12 times again in each damp mushroom carpophore growth period
Growth-promoting increasing agent presses 300mL/m2It is sprayed on mushroom carpophore 1 time, is divulged information half an hour with spray water.Other management measures are the same as conventional
Method.
Edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is replaced to plant oyster mushroom with bacteria residue extract prepared by comparative example 1, number is control group 1-
1, application method is identical.
Edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is replaced to plant oyster mushroom with clear water, number is control group 2-1, and application method is identical.
Greenhouse mushroom cultivation, mycelia purseful time, squaring period, change of tide are used for using edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent of the invention
Phase is shorter than control group, can shorten the oyster mushroom production cycle, fruiting is neat, and yield significantly improves, and the results are shown in Table 1.
1 the method for the present invention of table is used for the effect of greenhouse mushroom cultivation
| Group | The mycelia purseful phase (d) | Squaring period (d) | The change of tide phase (d) | Biological transformation ratio (%) |
| Test group 1-1 | 21 | 29 | 9 | 125.48 |
| Test group 2-1 | 20 | 28 | 9 | 131.62 |
| Test group 3-1 | 21 | 29 | 9 | 123.55 |
| Control group 1-1 | 22 | 31 | 10 | 111.27 |
| Control group 2-1 | 24 | 33 | 11 | 101.83 |
Application examples 2: application of the edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent on needle mushroom
Embodiment 1,2 and 3 methods preparation edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is respectively adopted, is for planting needle mushroom and numbering respectively
Test group 1-2,2-2 and 3-2.
Application method: batch production intelligence mushroom room bottle plants needle mushroom, and using 1100mL culture bottle, culturing raw material is by volume
The ratio of 1:1.3 admixes the growth-promoting increasing agent of 8 times of dilution, high pressure sterilization 2.5h, inoculation, hair after cooling after 121 DEG C after bottling
Bacterium.A damp mushroom is harvested, is pressed after sending out the bacterium bottle mycelium stimulation of full bacterium, before needle mushroom fruit-body formation by the growth-promoting increasing agent for diluting 8 times
200mL/m2It is sprayed on compost charge level, charge level is sprayed to and moistens, then divulge information half an hour, when fructification is higher by bottleneck 3cm
The growth-promoting increasing agent for diluting 8 times is pressed into 300mL/m2It is sprayed on acupuncture needle massee fruiting bodies 1 time with spray water, interval sprays 1 in 3 days again
It is secondary, rear venting half an hour has been sprayed every time.The same conventional method of other management measures.
Edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is replaced to plant needle mushroom with bacteria residue extract prepared by comparative example 1, number is control group
1-2, application method are identical.
Edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent is replaced to plant needle mushroom with clear water, number is control group 2-2, and application method is identical.
Batch production golden mushroom plantation, mycelia purseful time and flower bud phase are used for using edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent of the invention
It is shorter than control group, the needle mushroom production cycle can be shortened, fruiting is neat, and yield significantly improves, and the results are shown in Table 2.
2 the method for the present invention of table is used for the effect of batch production golden mushroom plantation
| Group | The mycelia purseful phase (d) | The flower bud phase (d) | First damp mushroom biological transformation ratio (%) |
| Test group 1-2 | 25 | 11 | 100.34 |
| Test group 2-2 | 24 | 11 | 103.61 |
| Test group 3-2 | 25 | 11 | 99.85 |
| Control group 1-2 | 27 | 12 | 90.27 |
| Control group 2-2 | 29 | 14 | 83.40 |
Application examples 3: application of the bacteria residue seedling medium on cucumber
Embodiment 4,5 is respectively adopted and vegetable seedling substrate is made in 6 methods, is used for cucumber seedling-raising, compiling respectively is test group
4,5 and 6.By percent by volume by vegetable cultivation base-material 50% made from comparative example 1, turf 18%, vermiculite 24%, perlite
Vegetable seedling substrate is made after 8% mixing, is used for cucumber seedling-raising, number is control group 3.By volume it is 2 by turf and vermiculite:
1 ratio is uniformly mixed obtained vegetable seedling substrate, is used for cucumber seedling-raising, number is control group 4.Other management measures are the same as routine side
Method.
The specific physicochemical property of cucumber matrix of preparation is as shown in table 3, and wherein measuring method is all made of conventional laboratory techniques
It carries out.Physicochemical property pH, EC of bacteria residue seedling medium of the present invention, bulk density, total porosity, aeration porosity, water-holding porosity and
Organic matter in the range of being suitable for cucumber growth, can satisfy cucumber seedling growth needs.With 4 phase of control group 3 and control group
Than physicochemical property is improved, plant growth preferably.
The physicochemical property of 3 different ratio matrix of table
Comparative test effect is shown in Table 4, the cucumber seedling emergence rate cultivated using seedling medium of the invention, plant height, stem thickness,
Seedling dry weight, root long and seedling vigorous index are superior to 4 seedling medium of control group 3 and control group.
4 the method for the present invention of table is used for the effect of cucumber seedling-raising
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization, includes the following steps:
(1) by pollution-free and mildew waste bacterium rod after except impurity, crushing, pretreatment bacterium is made in 65~75 DEG C of 10~15h of processing
Slag；
(2) water content of regulating step (1) pretreatment bacteria residue obtained is to mass percent 55%~65%, pH6.5~8.0, item
Chop formula and build heap, carries out aerobic fermentation；In the primary fermentation stage, when material temperature reaches 55 DEG C or more holdings 3~4d of fermentation, material temperature is lower than 55 DEG C
Or forced ventilation when being higher than 65 DEG C, 10~20min of every 1.5~2.0h ventilation, ventilation quantity is 0.1~0.2m per minute3/m3Windrow,
Then turning, it is primary every 2d turning when heap temperature is raised to 55 DEG C or more again using identical offering oxygen way ventilating fermentation,
Turning 3~4 times；Post-fermentation stage, material heap surface cover film, are warming up to 55~65 DEG C, 20~28h of heat-preservation fermentation, ventilation drop
Temperature continues 5~6 d of fermentation to 48~52 DEG C, and just zymophyte slag is made；
(3) by made from step (2) just zymophyte slag and water according to mass ratio 1:(4~6) ratio mix, Continuous aeration fermentation
45~50h, 0.8~1.2vvm of ventilatory capacity, 80~120r/min of speed of agitator, through filtering, filtrate is edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent,
Vegetable cultivation base-material is made through drying, crushing in filter residue.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), except impurity is the modeling removed in waste bacterium rod
Material bag, scleroma block, wooden stick, plastic foil, tie string and/or other sundries.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), the waste bacterium rod is production needle mushroom
And/or the waste bacterium rod after Pleurotus eryngii.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), handle as using steam treatment.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2), building heap is to build up high 0.8~1.2m, bottom
Wide 2.0~2.5m, 1.0~1.5m of top width, length are greater than the trapezoidal pile heap of 3.0m.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3), the water is tap water.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the tap water is through preparatory 1.5~3h of Air Exposure and continuous
Stirring removes the tap water of chlorine in water.
8. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3), be crushed to partial size 0.5cm hereinafter, aqueous
Rate mass percent 20%~30%.
9. a kind of vegetable seedling substrate, which is characterized in that component is as follows, is parts by volume:
Vegetable cultivation base-material 40%~60% described in claim 1, turf 15%~20%, vermiculite 20%~30%, perlite 5%~
10%。
10. the preparation method of vegetable seedling substrate described in claim 9, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
Vegetable cultivation base-material, turf, vermiculite and perlite are mixed in proportion respectively, vegetable seedling substrate is made.
11. application of the edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent in Edible Fungi described in claim 1.
12. application as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) by edible mushroom growth-promoting increasing agent and water 1:(8~12 by volume) ratio mix, spray liquid is made；
(2) spray liquid that step (1) is prepared is used as spice with water in the edible mushroom mixing phase；In every damp mushroom fruit-body formation
The preceding spray liquid for preparing step (1) presses 200~300mL/m2It is sprayed on compost charge level；In the sporophore growth phase by step
(1) spray liquid prepared presses 200~300mL/m2It is sprayed on fruit body of edible fungi, every damp mushroom sprays 1~3 time, every minor tick 2
~3d.
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| CN107867950A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 陈晓红 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer prepared by waste edible fungus bacteria stick |
| CN107311727A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-03 | 长沙善道新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108094119A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-01 | 天津市庆祥农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method of obsolete fungus stick of edible fungus plant culture matrix |
| CN108551999A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-21 | 安徽省霍山县农伯乐开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods promoting polyoses content in stem of noble dendrobium stalk |
| CN109429895A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 贵州高原蓝梦菇业科技有限公司 | The method for preparing cover soil material plantation Dictyophora rubrovalvata using waste edible fungus chaff |
| CN109912349A (en) * | 2019-04-14 | 2019-06-21 | 淮安柴米河农业科技股份有限公司 | The preparation method of bio-matrix caused by compact substance sponge system |
| CN110122267A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of vegetable seedling substrate and preparation method |
| CN110372436A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-25 | 贵州省贵福生态肥业有限公司 | A kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure method |
| CN110563489A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 滨州市京阳生物肥业有限公司 | Biological stimulin extracted from edible fungus residue |
| CN110623145A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-31 | 东营市菇健生物科技有限公司 | Recycling method of hypsizigus marmoreus industrial production waste |
| CN114027132A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 云南农业大学 | Method for producing potato breeder's seed by using fungus stick compound matrix |
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| CN101433176B (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-12-01 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Seedling cultivation substrate using mushroom residue as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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