CN102612994B - Method for cultivating oyster mushroom cultivation by directly mixing liquid spawns with raw materials - Google Patents
Method for cultivating oyster mushroom cultivation by directly mixing liquid spawns with raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102612994B CN102612994B CN 201210088269 CN201210088269A CN102612994B CN 102612994 B CN102612994 B CN 102612994B CN 201210088269 CN201210088269 CN 201210088269 CN 201210088269 A CN201210088269 A CN 201210088269A CN 102612994 B CN102612994 B CN 102612994B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001617 Vinyon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002686 mushroom body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001492261 Pleurotaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007685 Pleurotus columbinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the novel technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, particularly relates to a method for cultivating oyster mushroom cultivation by directly mixing liquid spawns with raw materials. The method particularly includes the following steps: physical disinfection for culture medium is carried out firstly for effectively killing harmful bacteria on the surface of the base material; only the oyster mushroom spawns sprout and grow after the inoculation, so that the pollution ratio is low during the manufacturing process; during the production, the culture medium is directly and uniformly mixed with liquid spawns for production, so as to eliminate spawn material preparation and cultivated species preparation as well as the processes of high-pressure or normal-pressuresterilization and inoculation at the same time; the culture medium is mixed with spawns, so that spawns are spread in the entire culture medium, mycelium would grow and cover the entire mixing material as soon as the spawns sprout; and through the adoption of the method provided by the invention, the produced edible mushroom output is high, the manufacturing cost is low, and the benefits are high; and the method is suitable for industrial, intensive and large-scale production, and deserves vigorous popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of edible fungus culturing new technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn.
Technical background
Flat mushroom is Agaricales Pleurotaceae one kind under the Basidiomycota, belongs to large-scale wood destroying fungi, and cultivar is divided a plurality of types such as low form, middle warm type, high temperature modification, wide warm type, and the anniversary produces but cultivation is done in the proper way.Flat mushroom contains abundant nutriment, and every hectogram contains protein 20-23 gram in product, and aminoacid ingredient is complete, and content of mineral substances is very abundant, the amino acid A wide selection of colours and designs.A kind of edible fungus variety that mass consumption person generally likes, so its market prospects are very good.
The tradition flat mushroom is produced implantation methods: test tube is female plants → preparation original seed → preparation cultivated species → selection raw material → raw material processing → pack → high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization → access cultivated species → cultivation mycelia → management of producing mushroom.This shows that traditional flat mushroom production planting process is many and loaded down with trivial details with program, the preparation from the test tube kind to cultivated species reaches to being cultured at last fruiting, and this process approximately needs 3 months time, and the production cycle is very long; Planting material will be passed through high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, needs to consume a lot of energy; The whole production process amount of labour used is large; So cause traditional flat mushroom production cost high.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and brand-new a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn is provided.Specifically comprise: composts or fertilisers of cultivating by physical disinfection, is effectively killed the noxious bacteria on base-material surface first, only has the flat mushroom strain germination and growth after the inoculation, and the production process pollution rate is low; Composts or fertilisers of cultivating is directly used the liquid spawn mixing and stirring with producing during production, saves material preparation original seed and prepares cultivated species, saves simultaneously high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization and seeded process; Composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification mix, and bacterial classification are spread all over and in whole composts or fertilisers of cultivating, bacterial classification once sprout, mycelia covers with compound soon.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
1, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn comprises in the technical scheme: the quality requirement of flat mushroom liquid spawn, and the preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and physical disinfection are processed, and liquid spawn mixes method and process, cultural hypha and the management of producing mushroom of raw material.
2, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, the quality requirement of flat mushroom liquid spawn is as follows in the technical scheme:
(1) bacterial classification cultivation cycle: finish to cultivation from mycelia begins to cultivate, its cultivation cycle is in 10 days, and the cycle that mycelia or bacterium ball are cultivated surpasses 10 days and just begins to wear out, and then affects strain quality.
(2) strain quality standard: mycelia or bacterium ball size are even, energetic, good, the free of contamination liquid spawn of quality.
3, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, the preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and physical disinfection processing method are as follows in the technical scheme:
(1) raw material of composts or fertilisers of cultivating forms and proportioning: corncob 52%, rice hulls 30%, rice bran 12%, corn flour 6%.
(2) batch mixing: above-mentioned corncob, husk, rice bran, corn flour mixing and stirring are become composts or fertilisers of cultivating, composts or fertilisers of cultivating is piled the trapezoidal windrow that wide 2 meters, high 1 meter, length are not limit.
(3) physical disinfection is processed: the batten with diameter 3～4cm is pricked windrow several air-vents and is hidden tight with plastic foil cloth, cross Polypropylence Sheet and lead in the windrow with the ozone tracheal penetration, open ozone machine, both finished disinfecting process in 40～50 minutes toward the interior logical ozone gas of windrow.
4, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, in the technical scheme liquid spawn to mix method and the process of raw material as follows:
(1) enlarges liquid spawn: according to weight ratio clean water and cultured liquid spawn are mixed into production in 5: 1 ratio and use liquid spawn.
(2) liquid spawn mixes raw material: according to weight ratio will produce with liquid spawn with mix in 1.3: 1 ratio through the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of physical disinfection and stir.
(3) pack: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is the vinyon cultivation bag of 22 * 45cm with producing the specification of namely packing into after mixing thoroughly with liquid spawn, tightens sack after filling material, then cultivation bag is increased ventilation with several apertures of pinprick all over the body and urgees mycelia and sprout as early as possible.
5, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, cultural hypha and management of producing mushroom method are as follows in the technical scheme:
(1) cultural hypha: it is that 20～25 ℃, relative air humidity are 75～80% culturing room that fully charged cultivation bag is positioned over the space environment temperature, and through 10～12 days cultivation, mycelia was covered with bag.
(2) management of producing mushroom: after cultivation bag has flat mushroom and buddings, cultivation bag two is opened wide, will be added simultaneously forced ventilation, humidification work, can be earthward, wall, space water spray, must guard against during water spray directly and spray water to young flower bud, keeping the cultivation place envionmental humidity is 85～90%; Along with constantly growing up of mushroom body, keep mushroom room humidity, the fresh photographic nucleation that suits that reaches of air, grow in order to the fruit body normal growth; When fruit body cap color from depth to shallow, lower concave part adularescent grass shape thing, the cap edge begins upper volume, when spore distributes not yet in a large number, namely reaches ripely very likely, is Harvesting Date; Gathered behind one, the two damp mushrooms, managed to all harvesting by above-mentioned management method again.
Compared with prior art, the existing following advantage of the present invention:
1, method and measure proposed by the invention is unique, and technique is simple, easily implements.
2, by implementing the present invention, composts or fertilisers of cultivating at first by ozonization, is effectively killed the noxious bacteria on base-material surface, only has the flat mushroom strain germination and growth after the inoculation, and pollution rate is low in the production process.
3, by implementing the present invention, composts or fertilisers of cultivating mixes with a large amount of liquid spawn, bacterial classification is spread all over and in whole composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and bacterial classification is once composts or fertilisers of cultivating is covered with in sprouting, mycelia soon.
4, by implementing the present invention, composts or fertilisers of cultivating has used full raw material, has neither reduced again the boiling link by long fermentation process, has not only saved a large amount of power consumptions, and time saving and energy saving.
5, by implementing the present invention, employed liquid spawn is with short production cycle, is easy to get, and has saved the preparation original seed, has produced and plant and the loaded down with trivial details links such as inoculation of operation, has increased substantially operating efficiency and has shortened the production cycle.
6, the Yield of Pleurotus Ostreatus of producing by the present invention is high, and production cost is low, high efficiency; Be fit to batch production, intensive, large-scale production, be worth promoting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment method of the present invention is further specified.
A kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, embodiment is as follows:
1, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn comprises in the implementation process: the quality requirement of flat mushroom liquid spawn, and the preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and physical disinfection are processed, and liquid spawn mixes method and process, cultural hypha and the management of producing mushroom of raw material.
2, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, the quality requirement of flat mushroom liquid spawn is as follows in the implementation process:
(1) bacterial classification cultivation cycle: finish to cultivation from mycelia begins to cultivate, its cultivation cycle is in 10 days, and the cycle that mycelia or bacterium ball are cultivated surpasses 10 days and just begins to wear out, and then affects strain quality.
(2) strain quality standard: mycelia or bacterium ball size are even, energetic, good, the free of contamination liquid spawn of quality.
3, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, the preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and physical disinfection processing method are as follows in the implementation process:
(1) raw material of composts or fertilisers of cultivating forms and proportioning: corncob 52%, rice hulls 30%, rice bran 12%, corn flour 6%.
(2) batch mixing: above-mentioned corncob, husk, rice bran, corn flour mixing and stirring are become composts or fertilisers of cultivating, composts or fertilisers of cultivating is piled the trapezoidal windrow that wide 2 meters, high 1 meter, length are not limit.
(3) physical disinfection is processed: the batten with diameter 3～4cm is pricked windrow several air-vents and is hidden tight with plastic foil cloth, cross Polypropylence Sheet and lead in the windrow with the ozone tracheal penetration, open ozone machine, both finished disinfecting process in 40～50 minutes toward the interior logical ozone gas of windrow.
4, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, in the implementation process liquid spawn to mix method and the process of raw material as follows:
(1) enlarges liquid spawn: according to weight ratio clean water and cultured liquid spawn are mixed into production in 5: 1 ratio and use liquid spawn;
(2) liquid spawn mixes raw material: according to weight ratio will produce with liquid spawn with mix in 1.3: 1 ratio through the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of physical disinfection and stir.
(3) pack: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is the vinyon cultivation bag of 22 * 45cm with producing the specification of namely packing into after mixing thoroughly with liquid spawn, tightens sack after filling material, then cultivation bag is increased ventilation with several apertures of pinprick all over the body and urgees mycelia and sprout as early as possible.
5, a kind of method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, cultural hypha and management of producing mushroom method are as follows in the implementation process:
(1) cultural hypha: it is that 20～25 ℃, relative air humidity are 75～80% culturing room that fully charged cultivation bag is positioned over the space environment temperature, and through 10～12 days cultivation, mycelia was covered with bag.
(2) management of producing mushroom: after cultivation bag has flat mushroom and buddings, cultivation bag two is opened wide, will be added simultaneously forced ventilation, humidification work, can be earthward, wall, space water spray, must guard against during water spray directly and spray water to young flower bud, keeping the cultivation place envionmental humidity is 85～90%; Along with constantly growing up of mushroom body, keep mushroom room humidity, the fresh photographic nucleation that suits that reaches of air, grow in order to the fruit body normal growth; When fruit body cap color from depth to shallow, lower concave part adularescent grass shape thing, the cap edge begins upper volume, when spore distributes not yet in a large number, namely reaches ripely very likely, is Harvesting Date; Gathered behind one, the two damp mushrooms, managed to all harvesting by above-mentioned management method again.
Claims (1)
1. method of directly mixing cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost with liquid spawn, its feature comprises: the quality requirement of flat mushroom liquid spawn, the preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and physical disinfection are processed, and liquid spawn mixes method and the process of raw material, cultural hypha and management of producing mushroom;
The quality requirement of described flat mushroom liquid spawn is as follows:
(1) bacterial classification cultivation cycle: finish to cultivation from mycelia begins to cultivate, its cultivation cycle is in 10 days, and the cycle that mycelia or bacterium ball are cultivated surpasses 10 days and just begins to wear out, and then affects strain quality;
(2) strain quality standard: mycelia or bacterium ball size are even, energetic, good, the free of contamination liquid spawn of quality;
The preparation of described composts or fertilisers of cultivating and physical disinfection processing method are as follows:
(1) raw material of composts or fertilisers of cultivating forms and proportioning: corncob 52%, rice hulls 30%, rice bran 12%, corn flour 6%;
(2) batch mixing: above-mentioned corncob, rice hulls, rice bran, corn flour mixing and stirring are become composts or fertilisers of cultivating, composts or fertilisers of cultivating is piled the trapezoidal windrow that wide 2 meters, high 1 meter, length are not limit;
(3) physical disinfection is processed: the batten that with diameter is 3～4cm is pricked windrow several air-vents and is hidden tight with plastic foil cloth, cross plastic foil cloth and lead in the windrow with the ozone tracheal penetration, open ozone machine, namely finished disinfecting process in 40～50 minutes toward the interior logical ozone gas of windrow;
Method and process that described liquid spawn mixes raw material are as follows:
(1) enlarges liquid spawn: according to weight ratio clean water and cultured liquid spawn are mixed into production in 5: 1 ratio and use liquid spawn;
(2) liquid spawn mixes raw material: according to weight ratio will produce with liquid spawn with mix in 1.3: 1 ratio through the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of physical disinfection and stir;
(3) pack: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is the vinyon cultivation bag of 22 * 45cm with producing the specification of namely packing into after mixing thoroughly with liquid spawn, tightens sack after filling material, then cultivation bag is increased ventilation with several apertures of pinprick all over the body and urgees mycelia and sprout as early as possible;
Described cultural hypha and management of producing mushroom method are as follows:
(1) cultural hypha: it is that 20～25 ℃, relative air humidity are 75～80% culturing room that fully charged cultivation bag is positioned over the space environment temperature, and through 10～12 days cultivation, mycelia was covered with bag;
(2) management of producing mushroom: after cultivation bag has flat mushroom and buddings, cultivation bag two is opened wide, will be added simultaneously forced ventilation, humidification work, can be earthward, wall, space water spray, must guard against during water spray directly and spray water to young flower bud, keeping the cultivation place envionmental humidity is 85～90%; Along with constantly growing up of mushroom body, keep mushroom room humidity, the fresh photographic nucleation that suits that reaches of air, grow in order to the fruit body normal growth; When fruit body cap color from depth to shallow, lower concave part adularescent grass shape thing, the cap edge begins upper volume, when spore distributes not yet in a large number, namely reaches ripely very likely, is Harvesting Date; Gathered behind one, the two damp mushrooms, managed to all harvesting by above-mentioned management method again.
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| CN 201210088269 CN102612994B (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom cultivation by directly mixing liquid spawns with raw materials |
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| CN 201210088269 CN102612994B (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2012-03-28 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom cultivation by directly mixing liquid spawns with raw materials |
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN104350948A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 张家港市大新利群农民专业合作社 | Method for culturing mushroom cultivated species |
| CN104584863A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-06 | 何寒 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom with bamboo leaves and horsetail as main raw materials |
| CN105123272A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-09 | 雷色香 | Oyster mushroom mycelium blocks |
| CN105493888A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-20 | 何寒 | Cordyceps militaris cultured from unhulled rice grains |
| CN107258314A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 单文修 | A kind of edible fungi material continuous production device and method |
| CN106665125A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-05-17 | 长沙而立生物科技有限公司 | Energy-saving and cost-saving method for cultivating oyster mushrooms |
| CN109418000A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A method of directly cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost is mixed with liquid spawn |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545838A (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-17 | 任岛峰 | Process for production of edible mushroom raw material bag growth |
| CN101695253A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-21 | 王明吉 | Oyster mushroom culture technique |
| CN102047813A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-05-11 | 天津渔阳酒业有限责任公司 | Sterilization and inoculation process for edible fungus culture material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001309724A (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-06 | Kasahara Industries Co Ltd | Sterilization method at the time of mushroom culture |
| JP2004147545A (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-05-27 | Chikuma Kasei:Kk | Cultivation method of Numeritsubatakemodoki |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545838A (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-17 | 任岛峰 | Process for production of edible mushroom raw material bag growth |
| CN101695253A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-21 | 王明吉 | Oyster mushroom culture technique |
| CN102047813A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-05-11 | 天津渔阳酒业有限责任公司 | Sterilization and inoculation process for edible fungus culture material |
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| 平菇液体菌种高产培养料和栽培方式的筛选;王淑芳 等;《湖北农业科学》;20041231(第6期);第67-69页 * |
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