CN1618773A - Organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato and its formulating method - Google Patents
Organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato and its formulating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1618773A CN1618773A CN 200410097202 CN200410097202A CN1618773A CN 1618773 A CN1618773 A CN 1618773A CN 200410097202 CN200410097202 CN 200410097202 CN 200410097202 A CN200410097202 A CN 200410097202A CN 1618773 A CN1618773 A CN 1618773A
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- mushroom slag
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Abstract
An organic matrix for the soilless cultivation of tomato is prepared from the used culture medium of mushroom through breaking, fermenting, drying in air, and proportionally mixing it with peat.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural sciences plant soil-less culturing technical field, relate to a kind of organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato and compound method thereof.
Two, background technology
The soilless culture form is a lot, nearly in the world at present kind more than 30.Soilless culture generally is divided into substrate culture, water planting and 3 kinds of modes of spraying training.Water planting is meant does not use any solid substrate, directly plant is fixed on the mode of cultivating in the nutritive medium, is nutrient fluid cultivation again, as nutrient film technology (NFT), deep water liquid stream circulating technology (DFT), kickboard hollow billet technology etc.; Substrate culture generally is meant alternative soil such as using solid, inert matrix such as gravel, sand, vermiculite, rock wool, perlite as the fixing plant of upholder, and the mode that provides nutrition to cultivate by nutritive medium is as sand training, gravel training, rock wool training, perlite training etc.; Spraying training also claims air culture, is to utilize spraying plant to make nutrient liquid atomizing, makes the root growth of plant be suspended on cultivation system in the nutrient solution conditions of atomizing under dark condition.In cultivation technique without soil, to use at most with water planting and substrate culture, air culture is seldom used.
Traditional soilless culture all will be used nutritive medium, generally there are the following problems: the one, and the cost height, especially air culture and water planting, the industrial equipments and the instrument that need the relative complex of some uses that match with nutritive medium, as cultivating container of nutritive medium dosing apparatus, nutrient solution control system and detection system, power supply system, materials strictness etc., the one-time investment cost is higher; The 2nd, technical difficulty is big, especially air culture and water planting, and the technology contents that relates to is extensive, the operational administrative complexity; The 3rd, effusive waste liquid easily pollutes environment in the cultivation process.Therefore, in the relative backward China of agricultural facility, air culture and water planting do not have extensive applicability; By the substrate culture that inert inorganic matter constitutes, because of matrix does not generally discharge available nutrient, the nutrition of plant-growth needs is supplied with by nutritive medium fully in the course of cultivation, so still need nutritive medium and liquid-supplying system, equipment is complicated, and management difficulty is bigger, uses also to be very restricted.And finding in recent years has carcinogenic substance in the matrix rock wool that soilless culture in the world generally uses, has brought new problem to its application.
In later stage nineteen nineties, China begins to develop organic mass cultivation, is target screening matrix to utilize the agriculture production waste especially.But the matrix that has developed mostly is the compound matrix of organic-inorganic, is unwell to the vegetable-cultivating organic of present development; Or complicated for prescription, be the composite interstitial substance of main component with peat, use cost is higher.As application number is 01141775.7 Chinese patent application, and its composite interstitial substance advantage is that matrix water-absorbing-retaining power is strong, but following shortcoming is arranged: the one, and batching too much is difficult for commercialization; The 2nd, selected inert base raw material pre-treatment is complicated, is alkalescence as slag, will wash 2～3 times before using; The 3rd, after the matrix suction, peat wherein, vermiculite, stalk can be attenuated by the moisture dipping and sink, and perlite then floats to stromal surface, and this makes the permeability of matrix descend, and the normal growth that influences plant is grown.Therefore, agriculture production waste, environmentally friendly, use cost is low and technical difficulty is little composite interstitial substance need be sought and draw materials conveniently, be made full use of to China's Vegetable soilless culture at present, especially be suitable for the tailored version matrix of main vegetables and be suitable for the pure organic composite substratd of organic farming.
The present invention is directed to the prior art deficiency, using the most general vegetables tomato with cultivation technique without soil is object, and tomato soilless culture tailored version organic substrate prescription and compound method thereof are provided.
Three, summary of the invention
A kind of organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato is made up of culture material of planting the edible mushrooms flat mushroom (being called for short the mushroom slag) and commodity peat.
The mushroom slag is the waste of agriculture production, how to abandon after production in the flat mushroom production area, often causes environmental pollution; Or make fuel, cause the wasting of resources.Above-mentioned substrate formula is to be to mix at 4: 1 by volume by mushroom slag and peat, and prescription is simple, steady quality, drawing materials conveniently, is main component with the agriculture waste material, has both helped reducing environmental pollution, can reduce the matrix cost again, save the consumption of Nonrenewable resources peat.Through experiment sieving, this composite interstitial substance space is stable, suction, moisture holding capacity is strong, has the good aeration water-permeable again, it is the full nutrition organic substrate of suitable tomato cultivation, the good environment of root growth not only can be provided in the course of cultivation, and the various nutritive substances of tomato growth can be provided with topdressing.
The present invention also provides the compound method of organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato.Raw materials used mushroom slag earlier through high-heat fermentation process, has improved security and nutrient availability that matrix is used before the preparation composite interstitial substance, guaranteed the quality of matrix, has simplified the proportioning raw materials of matrix, has improved the production efficiency of matrix.
Because this substrate formula is pure organic substrate, therefore,, can carry out organic tomato production as long as, use organic topdressing according to organic mode of production cultivation.
Four, specific embodiments
(1) base starting material is selected: raw material mushroom slag selects artificial growth to cross the bar-shaped culture material of edible mushrooms flat mushroom, and peat is selected commercial goods peat.
(2) fermentation pre-treatment: fermentation is preceding with bar-shaped raw material mushroom slag fragmentation, so that suction and evenly fermentation.
(3) mushroom slag thermophilic fermentation: the mushroom slag raw material of fragmentation is inserted in the fermentation vat, and water content adjusts to 70%～80%, and surface coverage insulation rainproof material ferments.When the fermentation vat core temperature reaches more than 60 ℃, continue fermentation after the turning, make inside and outside fermentation evenly.When expecting temperature drop, take out raw material mushroom slag, air-dry smashing extremely near envrionment temperature.Fermentative processing institute's time, be 20～30 days summer, and be 40～50 days winter.
(4) substrate composition: mushroom slag in small, broken bits after will fermenting and the full and uniform mixing of 4: 1 by volume ratio of commodity peat, this mixture are a kind of all nutrition type tomato soilless culture organic composite substratd.
It is strong that organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato provided by the invention has the water-absorbing-retaining ability, and the characteristics that permeability is good are suitable for tomato cultivation.In the use, only need in time topdress and pour water, and do not need liquid-supplying system and supply with nutritive medium according to the tomato growth development condition.
Claims (7)
1. an organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato is characterized in that all nutrition type organic composite substratd of being made up of mushroom slag and peat.
2. organic substrate prescription according to claim 1 is characterized in that by mushroom slag after the fermentation and peat be to mix at 4: 1 by volume.
3. organic substrate prescription according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described mushroom slag derives from the bar-shaped culture material that artificial growth is crossed the edible mushrooms flat mushroom.
4. organic substrate prescription according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described peat is commercial goods peat.
5. organic substrate prescription according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described all nutrition type organic composite substratd itself can provide the various nutritive elements that tomato growth is grown to be needed.
6. the compound method of an organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato is characterized in that the mushroom slag behind the thermophilic fermentation and commodity peat uniform mixing in proportion.
7. organic substrate compound method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described mushroom slag thermophilic fermentation method is: with inserting in the fermentation vat after the bar-shaped culture material fragmentation, water content is adjusted to 70%～80%, the covering and heat insulating rainproof material carries out thermophilic fermentation.Turning and continuation fermentation make inside and outside fermentation evenly when the fermentation vat core temperature reaches more than 60 ℃.When temperature is reduced near envrionment temperature, take out the mushroom slag, smash, air-dry.Required fermentation time, be 20～30 days summer, be 40～50 days winter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200410097202 CN1618773A (en) | 2004-11-20 | 2004-11-20 | Organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato and its formulating method |
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| CN 200410097202 CN1618773A (en) | 2004-11-20 | 2004-11-20 | Organic substrate formula for soilless cultivating tomato and its formulating method |
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| CN1618773A true CN1618773A (en) | 2005-05-25 |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100405895C (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2008-07-30 | 山西大学 | Soiless cultivation compound substrate and its preparing method |
| CN102060599A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-05-18 | 西北农林科技大学 | Formula and preparation method of tomato sand soilless cultivation composite medium |
| CN102077779A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Vegetable seedling culture soilless matrix compounded with straw mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN102336598A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-02-01 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Fermentation method of soilless culture medium |
| CN102503613A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 无锡市绿农食用菌有限公司 | Method for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using edible fungus waste and enzyme residues |
| CN101885626B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-10-17 | 宋爱伟 | Mushroom waste and livestock manure compound fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN103039337A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | French marigold seedling substrate and method for manufacturing same |
| CN103621289A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-12 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | Tomato soilless culture method |
| CN103641599A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Sandalwood cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104429850A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 张家港耕耘家庭农场有限公司 | Method for soilless culture of tomatoes |
| CN105601356A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-25 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for comprehensive utilization of edible fungus residues |
| CN106007856A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 柳州市农业科学研究所 | Broccoli culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106376342A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-08 | 淮南市农康农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting pure natural tomatoes |
| CN108260508A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-10 | 马鞍山市全润农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tamato seed soilless culture method |
| CN110393144A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-01 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A method of tomato seedling is carried out using oyster mushroom bacteria residue |
-
2004
- 2004-11-20 CN CN 200410097202 patent/CN1618773A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100405895C (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2008-07-30 | 山西大学 | Soiless cultivation compound substrate and its preparing method |
| CN101885626B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-10-17 | 宋爱伟 | Mushroom waste and livestock manure compound fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN102060599A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-05-18 | 西北农林科技大学 | Formula and preparation method of tomato sand soilless cultivation composite medium |
| CN102077779A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Vegetable seedling culture soilless matrix compounded with straw mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN102336598A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-02-01 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Fermentation method of soilless culture medium |
| CN102503613A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 无锡市绿农食用菌有限公司 | Method for producing rice seedling raising substrate by using edible fungus waste and enzyme residues |
| CN103039337A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | French marigold seedling substrate and method for manufacturing same |
| CN103641599A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Sandalwood cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103621289A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-12 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | Tomato soilless culture method |
| CN103621289B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-05-11 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | A kind of method of tomato soilless culture |
| CN104429850A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 张家港耕耘家庭农场有限公司 | Method for soilless culture of tomatoes |
| CN105601356A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-25 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for comprehensive utilization of edible fungus residues |
| CN106007856A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 柳州市农业科学研究所 | Broccoli culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN106376342A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-08 | 淮南市农康农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting pure natural tomatoes |
| CN108260508A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-10 | 马鞍山市全润农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tamato seed soilless culture method |
| CN110393144A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-01 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A method of tomato seedling is carried out using oyster mushroom bacteria residue |
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