CN110372436A - A kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure method - Google Patents
A kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110372436A CN110372436A CN201910664571.8A CN201910664571A CN110372436A CN 110372436 A CN110372436 A CN 110372436A CN 201910664571 A CN201910664571 A CN 201910664571A CN 110372436 A CN110372436 A CN 110372436A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to charcoal base manure technical fields, especially a kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure method, waste edible fungus bacteria stick is used to prepare charcoal and fermentation material respectively for raw material, and it carries out resulting charcoal and fermentation material to be prepared by mixing into charcoal base manure, it sufficiently compensates for tradition and directlys adopt waste edible fungus bacteria stick, bacteria residue is as the defect for being easy to appear burn seedlings phenomenon during cultivation matrix, sufficiently by the fermentation process of edible fungi residue and the charcoal mixing being prepared into conjunction with edible fungi residue, it realizes and maximizes favourable factors and minimizes unfavourable ones, make full use of cellulose abundant in bacteria residue, lignin, vitamin, antibiotic, while mineral element and other biological activities material composition, it can make full use of matrix water holding capacity, it is added thereto by being prepared into charcoal to edible fungi residue, make full use of the adsorption energy of charcoal Power enhances fertilizer-preserving ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to charcoal base manure technical field, especially a kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure side
Method.
Background technique
China is the major producing country of edible mushroom, and total output is from 6,080,000 t steady-state growths in 2000 to 3596 in 2016
Remaining ten thousand t, accounts for 70% of world wide production or more, and still show soaring trend in recent years.But edible mushroom yield by
While year is soaring, heels of the waste edible fungus bacteria stick as bacterium bag after edible fungus culturing, the yield that is averaged is about edible
Five times of bacterium, cause the residual quantity of waste edible fungus bacteria stick huge, and the generation of so huge waste bacterium rod, not only to environment structure
It at threat, while being also the significant wastage of resource.
Waste edible fungus bacteria stick is also known as edible fungi residue, leftover bits and pieces etc., have the characteristics that it is degradable, reproducible, to its into
Row rationally utilizes, and can not only release the threat to environment, but also production cost can be greatly lowered, lengthening manufacturing chain,
Improve added value.Bacteria residue has the desirable physicals characters such as bulk density is light, porosity is big, so that bacteria residue Chishui function admirable, and then quilt
It is widely used in soilless cultivation research；Meanwhile it is the cellulose of different palliating degradation degrees in residual in bacteria residue, hemicellulose, wooden
Element, vitamin, antibiotic, mineral element and other biological activities substance, so that wherein available content of organics is substantially
The increase of degree can have very big facilitation to plant growth, so that bacteria residue is planted in garden crop cultivation, Chinese herbal medicine
Training, edible fungus culturing and extensive research has been obtained in terms of changing soil physico-chemical property, such as Liu Jing female etc. in tropical crops
Journal 2019,40 (1): " the matrixing research on utilization progress of edible fungi residue " content disclosed in text of 191-198.It can
Be pernicious bacteria, pathogen etc. are remained in bacteria residue so that again by its directly according to it is above-mentioned be applied to garden crop cultivation, in
It during herbal medicine cultivation, edible fungus culturing etc., can be polluted to cultivation matrix, cultivation quality, yield is caused to be affected.
For this purpose, thering is researcher to take up to prepare biological carbon base manure for bacteria residue as raw material, such as number of patent application is
201711282580.8 method for preparing fertilizer using edible fungus bran discloses edible fungus bran distilled water stirring is added
Uniformly, it cultivates, obtains mixed culture；The fermentation of the hybrid compostings such as mixed culture and fertile soil, obtains fermentation material；Take papermaking useless
Water is added bodied ferric sulfate and prepares paper waste extract, carbonizes, and prepares dry carbide；It will dry carbide, fermentation material, sodium
The mixing of the raw materials such as base bentonite, magnetic agitation, freeze-drying pulverize and sieve, and are made；Make full use of the activity in edible fungus bran
Substance and nutriment, it is ensured that several kinds of mineral elements, organic acid, bioactive substance can be absorbed by crops utilization, promote to make
Object growth, and can be avoided after fertilizer applies fertilizer in soil, the loss of nutriment in fertilizer can be reduced, control nutrient is released
It puts, improves utilization rate of fertilizer.As it can be seen that be in the prior art using bacteria residue as provide the raw materials such as organic matter, active constituent at
The charcoal base manure for dividing the charcoal being prepared with other substances to be combined, does not have using bacteria residue as raw material system
After at charcoal, is added the report that bacteria residue is prepared into charcoal base manure and occurred.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick preparation life
Object charcoal base manure method.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme:
Waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure method, comprising the following steps:
(1) waste edible fungus bacteria stick is crushed, uses carbonization temperature for 300-400 DEG C, oxygen percentage by volume in retort
To keep the temperature charing process 8-10h, obtaining charcoal under the nitrogen atmosphere protection of 0.3-0.5%；
(2) waste edible fungus bacteria stick is crushed, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, is placed in ambient humidity >=90%, temperature is
It at 60-65 DEG C, stacks fermentation process 12-15 days, obtains fermentation material；
(3) by the charcoal of step (1) and the fermentation material of step (2) according to mass ratio be 0.1-0.5:1 mix to get.
It is preferred that the step (1), is crushed to 10-15mm partial size for waste edible fungus bacteria stick, uses carbonization temperature for 350
DEG C, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection that oxygen percentage by volume is 0.4% in retort, charing process 9h is kept the temperature, charcoal is obtained.
It is preferred that the step (1), further includes the baking procedure after crushing waste edible fungus bacteria stick, wherein toasting
It is that smashed waste edible fungus bacteria stick is placed in vacuum drying oven, temperature is used to toast 0.5-3h for 90-105 DEG C of temperature.
It is preferred that the stacking was fermented, every 5 days turning and throwing onces.
It is preferred that the step (3), further includes using water according to solid-to-liquid ratio for 1:1-5 step (2) resulting fermentation material
It after mixing, stirs, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue；And filter process is using filtering is squeezed, so that the moisture content in filter residue
≤ 30%, filter residue is stacked fermentation process 7 days in the case where ambient humidity >=90%, temperature are 60-65 DEG C, obtains secondary fermentation material；It will
Filtrate heating is concentrated into 2/3rds, obtains concentrate；The charcoal for accounting for fermentation material quality 10-50% step (1) is added to dense
In contracting liquid, be uniformly mixed, then by secondary fermentation material addition mix thoroughly, be granulated to get.
It is preferred that the step (2), stacking fermentation temperature is 63 DEG C.
It is preferred that the step (3), charcoal is that 0.3:1 is mixed according to mass ratio with fermentation material.
The invention also provides the charcoal base manure of above method preparation.
Edible fungus culturing base, the biological carbon base manure 50% that material composition is calculated in mass percent as above method preparation, wheat
Bran 8%, sucrose 1.5%, gypsum 0.5%, cotton seed hulls powder 10%, surplus are corn stover.
It is cotton seed hulls, oil tea shell, sawdust, bagasse, straw etc. in the culture material main component for cultivating above-mentioned edible mushroom.
Compared with prior art, the technical effect of the invention is embodied in:
Waste edible fungus bacteria stick is used to prepare charcoal and fermentation material respectively for raw material, and by resulting charcoal and fermentation material
It carries out being prepared by mixing into charcoal base manure, sufficiently compensates for tradition and directly adopt waste edible fungus bacteria stick, bacteria residue as cultivation matrix
It is easy to appear the defect of burn seedlings phenomenon in the process, sufficiently by the fermentation process of edible fungi residue and in conjunction with edible fungi residue system
It is standby at charcoal mix, realize and maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, make full use of cellulose abundant in bacteria residue, lignin, vitamin, antibiosis
While element, mineral element and other biological activities material composition, matrix water holding capacity can make full use of, by edible
Bacterium bacteria residue is prepared into charcoal and is added thereto, and makes full use of the adsorption capacity of charcoal, enhances fertilizer-preserving ability.
The invention especially carries out burden control to resulting charcoal and fermentation material, and it is excessive to avoid charcoal,
Cause to be difficult to provide nutrient to crop, cause the defect that crop growthing state is poor, while controlling the suitable of charcoal additional amount
Amount property, has ensured the fertilizer-preserving ability of charcoal base manure, has ensured crop growth demand.
The maximum of the invention has the technical effect that preparing charcoal as raw material using waste edible fungus bacteria stick is recycled
It utilizes, not only reduce the cost of charcoal preparation and takes full advantage of waste edible fungus bacteria stick resource, and ensure that biology
The charcoal quality being added in charcoal base manure is more excellent, and conventionally employed pig manure, cow dung or stalk is avoided to prepare biology as charcoal
The fertilizer and water conservation capacity of charcoal base manure is poor, and the weaker defect of heavy metal adsorption improves charcoal base manure overall quality.Base
In why there is this kind of phenomenon, the detailed analysis of mechanism not can be carried out in our current research, but pass through Experimental Comparison, present invention wound
The attainable obvious technical effects of institute are made to prepare raw material better than traditional pig manure, cow dung or stalk as charcoal and be prepared into biology
Charcoal addition prepares the effect of charcoal base manure, and detailed content is shown in the elaboration of specific embodiment part.
Specific embodiment
It is limited below with reference to specific embodiment technical solution of the present invention is further, but claimed
Range is not only limited to made description.
Test:
1, charcoal base manure is prepared according to following embodiment preparation methods:
Embodiment 1
Take oil tea mushroom cultivate waste bacterium rod, be crushed to the partial size of 10-15mm particle, be placed in dryer be baked to it is aqueous
Rate≤15% is placed in retort, and in the case where nitrogen atmosphere protects environment, adjusting oxygen volume relative content in retort is
0.3%, being warming up to temperature is 300 DEG C, keeps the temperature 8h, obtains charcoal；
Oil tea mushroom cultivation waste bacterium rod is crushed, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve, adjustment moisture content is 50%, is placed in ambient humidity 90%, temperature
Degree is to stack fermentation process 12 days at 60 DEG C, obtains fermentation material；
By charcoal and fermentation material according to mass ratio be 0.1:1 be uniformly mixed to get.
Embodiment 2-8
On the basis of embodiment 1, for the technical arrangement plan in charcoal base manure preparation process according to shown in the following table 1
Adjustment:
Table 1
Embodiment 9
On the basis of embodiment 1, charcoal preparation is: oil tea mushroom waste bacterium rod is crushed to 10-15mm partial size,
It uses carbonization temperature for 350 DEG C, under the nitrogen atmosphere protection that oxygen percentage by volume is 0.4% in retort, keeps the temperature at charing
9h is managed, charcoal is obtained.
Embodiment 10
On the basis of embodiment 1, it is toasted after crushing oil tea mushroom waste bacterium rod, wherein baking is after crushing
Oil tea mushroom waste bacterium rod be placed in vacuum drying oven, 3h is toasted in 90-105 DEG C of range using temperature, can retort charing process.
Embodiment 11
On the basis of embodiment 1, it after using water to mix according to solid-to-liquid ratio for 1:1-5 fermentation material, stirs, filtering,
Obtain filtrate and filter residue；And filter process is using filtering is squeezed, so that moisture content≤30% in filter residue, filter residue is in environmental wet
Degree >=90%, temperature are to stack fermentation process 7 days at 60-65 DEG C, obtain secondary fermentation material；Filtrate heating is concentrated into three points
Two, obtain concentrate；The charcoal for accounting for fermentation material quality 10% is added in concentrate, is uniformly mixed, then will be secondary
Fermentation material addition mix thoroughly, be granulated to get.
Embodiment 12
On the basis of embodiment 1, the raw material of charcoal is mixed for 1:1 according to mass ratio using cow dung and corn stover
Substitution oil tea mushroom cultivation waste bacterium rod preparation after closing.
Embodiment 13
On the basis of embodiment 1, oil tea mushroom waste bacterium rod is substituted using Pleurotus eryngii waste stick.
2, it is applied in eggplant seedling raising, the cultivation of oil tea mushroom
2.1 eggplants (Chinese wistaria) seedling growth test: it was carried out in Tong Ren District of Guizhou Province city vegetables seedling growth greenhouse in 2018.
The charcoal base manure of Example 1-13 preparation is respectively used to eggplant seedling raising process as eggplant seedling raising matrix
Processing sow eggplant after 20d and be averaged plant height, average leaf area, average single plant Fresh Yuxincao, averagely leaf and to eggplant bud ratio
Stem Fresh Yuxincao is counted, and result is as shown in table 2 below: and it is 30% turf that addition, which has mass percent, in embodiment 12
Soil.
Table 2
Remarks: above data is counted using " rounding up " method and is retained decimal point.
As it can be seen that the charcoal base manure of the invention is fully able to substitute traditional charcoal base manure progress eggplant seedling raising,
Eggplant seedling raising can be carried out directly as matrix simultaneously, reduce the cost of eggplant seedling raising；Similarly, this researcher is also used for
Other vegetables, such as capsicum, cucumber etc. carry out nursery processing, with same technical effect.
2.2 oil tea mushroom experiments in cultivation: what the test was carried out in 2018 in Gui Fujun industry Development Co., Ltd, Guizhou Province.
The additive that charcoal base manure prepared by above-described embodiment 1-13 is prepared as oil tea mushroom cultivation matrix, and according to
Quality percentage accounting are as follows: biological carbon base manure 50%, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1.5%, gypsum 0.5%, cotton seed hulls powder 10%, surplus are
Corn stalk powder after being uniformly mixed, is prepared into oil tea mushroom stick, is sterilized, according to conventional oil tea mushroom cultivation method
Oil tea mushroom is carried out, and every group of oil tea mushroom yield is counted, result is as shown in table 3 below.Every group of oil tea mushroom cultivates bacteria stick
Every bag of 300g amounts to 10 bags.Bacterial strain: No. 1 oil tea mushroom of tea firewood of Sanming, Fujian Province fungal studies institute breeding.
Table 3
Remarks: above data statistics retains one decimal place using " rounding up " method；Fresh produce of oil tea mushroom is 10 bags of bacterium
Stick oil-producing tea mushroom fresh mushroom total amount.
It is shown by the data of table 3 as it can be seen that the charcoal base manure of the invention can be used for conduct in oil tea mushroom cultivation
The raw material addition of cultivation matrix preparation, can largely substitute traditional cottonseed shell component, reduce oil tea mushroom and cultivate cost；And it keeps away
Exempted from it is traditional directly by edible fungi residue be applied to edible fungus culturing during bring pernicious bacteria and pathogen into, improve utilization
The quality of edible fungi residue culturing edible fungus；In addition to this, the matrix of above-mentioned formula is also used to cultivate other foods by this researcher
When with kinds such as bacterium, such as mushroom, elegant precious mushroom, also technical effect having the same.
The invention unaccomplished matter is routine operation technological means and existing skill referring to those skilled in the art
Technical solution disclosed in art is operated, such as how the inoculation of oil tea mushroom is managed later.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick prepares charcoal base manure method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) waste edible fungus bacteria stick is crushed, uses carbonization temperature for 300-400 DEG C, oxygen percentage by volume is in retort
Under the nitrogen atmosphere protection of 0.3-0.5%, charing process 8-10h is kept the temperature, charcoal is obtained；
(2) waste edible fungus bacteria stick is crushed, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, is placed in ambient humidity >=90%, temperature 60-65
It at DEG C, stacks fermentation process 12-15 days, obtains fermentation material；
(3) by the charcoal of step (1) and the fermentation material of step (2) according to mass ratio be 0.1-0.5:1 mix to get.
2. waste edible fungus bacteria stick as described in claim 1 prepares charcoal base manure method, which is characterized in that the step
(1), waste edible fungus bacteria stick is crushed to 10-15mm partial size, uses carbonization temperature for 350 DEG C, oxygen volume basis in retort
Number is under 0.4% nitrogen atmosphere protection, heat preservation charing process 9h obtains charcoal.
3. waste edible fungus bacteria stick as claimed in claim 1 or 2 prepares charcoal base manure method, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (1) further includes the baking procedure after crushing waste edible fungus bacteria stick, wherein baking is by smashed waste edible fungus bacterium
Stick is placed in vacuum drying oven, and temperature is used to toast 0.5-3h for 90-105 DEG C of temperature.
4. waste edible fungus bacteria stick as described in claim 1 prepares charcoal base manure method, which is characterized in that the stacking hair
Ferment, every 5 days turning and throwing onces.
5. waste edible fungus bacteria stick as described in claim 1 prepares charcoal base manure method, which is characterized in that the step
It (3), further include after using step (2) resulting fermentation material water to mix according to solid-to-liquid ratio for 1:1-5, stirring, filtering obtains
Filtrate and filter residue；And filter process is using filtering is squeezed so that moisture content≤30% in filter residue, filter residue ambient humidity >=
90%, temperature is to stack fermentation process 7 days at 60-65 DEG C, obtain secondary fermentation material；Filtrate heating is concentrated into 2/3rds,
Obtain concentrate；The charcoal for accounting for fermentation material quality 10-50% step (1) is added in concentrate, is uniformly mixed, then will
Secondary fermentation material addition mix thoroughly, be granulated to get.
6. waste edible fungus bacteria stick as claimed in claim 1 or 5 prepares charcoal base manure method, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (2), stacking fermentation temperature is 63 DEG C.
7. waste edible fungus bacteria stick as claimed in claim 1 or 5 prepares charcoal base manure method, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (3), charcoal are that 0.3:1 is mixed according to mass ratio with fermentation material.
8. charcoal base manure prepared by the method as described in claim 1-7.
9. the charcoal base manure of the method according to claim 1 to 7 preparation makees matrix or in eggplant in eggplant seedling raising
It is applied in sub- seedling medium preparation.
10. a kind of edible fungus culturing base, which is characterized in that material composition be calculated in mass percent for such as claim 1-7 it is any
The biological carbon base manure 50% of item the method preparation, wheat bran 8%, sucrose 1.5%, gypsum 0.5%, cotton seed hulls powder 10%, surplus
For corn stalk powder.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110885690A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-17 | 河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司 | Stabilizer for in-situ remediation of soil heavy metal pollution and application thereof |
| CN111492936A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-07 | 刘元生 | Method for producing organic vegetables in edible fungus cultivation field |
| CN113597974A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-05 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Edible fungus renewable culture medium, preparation method and application |
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| CN113597974A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-05 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Edible fungus renewable culture medium, preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20191025 |