CN109879709A - A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its application in corn planting - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its application in corn planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109879709A CN109879709A CN201910294896.1A CN201910294896A CN109879709A CN 109879709 A CN109879709 A CN 109879709A CN 201910294896 A CN201910294896 A CN 201910294896A CN 109879709 A CN109879709 A CN 109879709A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
Application the present invention provides a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its in crop planting, belongs to technical field of fertilizers.Charcoal base organic fertilizer includes that the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight obtain: graphene/15~20 parts of Mn/ biomass carbon, 25~40 parts of beer residue, 5~8 parts of fulvic acid zinc potassium, 3~5 parts of beet molasses, 10~20 parts of peanut shell powder, 6~8 parts of EM bacteria agent, 10~30 parts of corn stover and 50~70 parts of pig manure；Graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon preparation method mixes corn stover residue powder and graphene, and 0.5~2h is heated at 90~110 DEG C, product is mixed with manganese chloride solution, in 500~600 DEG C of 3~5h of charing, obtains graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon after removing ash content.Charcoal base organic fertilizer has achieved the effect that increase soil fertility, increase production, and is the preferred source of manure of corn organic farming；Preparation cost is cheap simultaneously, technique is advanced, is produced on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its in agriculture
Application in crop-planting.
Background technique
Although China's biomass resource is abundant, since what is saved and convert backward in technique causes biomass resource waste tight
Weight, this not only polluted environment, also create the huge waste of biomass resource.On livestock and poultry breeding industry, with livestock and poultry cultivation
Industry, planting industry fast development, feces of livestock and poultry yield is increasing, and the total emission volumn of the annual feces of livestock and poultry in China is high according to statistics
Up to 3,800,000,000 tons, random stacking and the inefficient processing of a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry also cause very big pressure to environmental improvement.In vintager
In industry, China's beer production is huge, byproduct of the beer residue as brewing industry, full of nutrition.Previous beer residue only has minority
It is used with producing fodder, is discarded mostly as waste residue, this not only results in waste of resources but also pollutes environment.In planting industry,
By taking corn stover as an example, since maize straw resource is using innovation support is lacked, stalk resource abundant is caused to fail to play it
Due effect.Less than 50%, remaining is discarded or is burned overall utilization, causes resource waste and the pollution of environment.
Although a large amount of biomass materials will be biological since current biomass material transformation technology is to be improved in industry and agricultural
Matter raw material, which by simple conversion is administered to soil and summarizes to be easy to appear, utilizes difficult, the unconspicuous problem of fertilizer application effect.
Meanwhile traditional fertilizer is applied in crop planting that corn yield is not high, and excessive application chemical fertilizer is also because fertilization mode will lead to
The technical issues of will cause soil quality decline, environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its in farming
Application in species plant, the charcoal base organic fertilizer also helps while capable of effectively improving crop yield improves soil ring
Border.
A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the fermenting raw materials including following parts by weight are prepared: graphite
Alkene/15~20 parts of Mn/ biomass carbon, 25~40 parts of beer residue, 5~8 parts of fulvic acid zinc potassium, 3~5 parts of beet molasses, peanut shell
10~20 parts of powder, 6~8 parts of EM bacteria agent, 10~30 parts of corn stover and 50~70 parts of pig manure；
The graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon preparation method, comprising the following steps:
1) corn stover residue powder and graphene are mixed, obtains mixture；
2) mixture is heated to 0.5~2h at 90~110 DEG C, obtains Heated Products；
3) Heated Products are mixed with manganese chloride, in 500~600 DEG C of 3~5h of charing, obtains graphene modification biological
Charcoal first product；
4) the graphene modification biological charcoal first product is removed into ash content, obtains graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon.
Preferably, the mass ratio of corn stover residue powder and graphene is 100~200:1 in step 1).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the quality of Heated Products and manganese chloride is 100~150:1 in step 3).
Preferably, the fermenting raw materials including following parts by weight are prepared: graphene/16~19 parts of Mn/ biomass carbon, beer
28~35 parts of schlempe, 6~7 parts of fulvic acid zinc potassium, 3.5~4.5 parts of beet molasses, 12~18 parts of peanut shell powder, EM bacteria agent 6.5~
7.5 parts, 15~25 parts of corn stover and 55~65 parts of pig manure.
The present invention provides the preparation methods of the charcoal base organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
A. graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon, pig manure, beer residue, corn stover, peanut shell powder and 1~2 part of EM bacteria agent is mixed
It closes, adjusts water content to 60%-70%, build heap, ferment 10~18d at 25~40 DEG C, and every 2~4d turning 1 time obtains first
Tunning；
B. 40 DEG C are dropped to hereinafter, EM with fulvic acid zinc potassium, beet molasses and surplus to the first tunning temperature
Microbial inoculum mixing adjusts water content water content 40%~50%, builds heap fermentation again, obtains charcoal base organic fertilizer.
Preferably, described to build heap fermentation again according to different fermentations time in season difference:
When summer and autumn, the time of fermentation is 5~8d, and every 2d turning 1 time, fermentation temperature range is 30~40 DEG C；
When spring and winter, the time of fermentation is 10~14d, and every 3d turning 1 time, the temperature of fermentation is 20~30 DEG C.
Preferably, the tunning obtained after heap fermentation is built in step b again to be granulated；The temperature of the granulation is 60
~75 DEG C.
The present invention provides the charcoal base organic fertilizers or the charcoal base organic fertilizer of the method preparation in crops
Application in plantation.
Preferably, the crops include corn.
Preferably, the charcoal base organic fertilizer applies in soil as base manure with chemical fertilizer together, the charcoal base
The mass ratio of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer is 1:3, and the sowing amount of the charcoal base organic fertilizer is 20~25kg/ mus.
A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention has following excellent benefit:
1, charcoal base organic fertilizer generation process flow is simple, easy to operate, with short production cycle, low in cost, and product is additional
Value is high；By the decomposed processing of beer residue, the hydrolysis result of microorganism is good in fermentation process；By adding biomass carbon, accelerate
Course of fermentation, fermentation process odorless, the loss amount very little of nitrogen
2, charcoal base organic fertilizer, organic matter and content of humic acid are higher, loose porous, and ventilating permeable is good, specific surface
Product is big, and absorption and sequestering power are strong；After applying the corn special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer, it can drop organic in increase soil
Matter improves the structure and permeability of soil, increases the liquid manure storage capacity of soil, improves the rhizospheric environment of corn, improves the enzyme of soil
Activity promotes the procreation of crop rhizosphere beneficial microorganism, and root growth is healthy and strong, and the ability of corn disease and insect resistance significantly increases；
3, the nutrient in charcoal base organic fertilizer energy activating soil, promotes the release of soil nutrient elements；Charcoal addition
Into organic fertilizer, the nitrogen being capable of fixing in organic matter utilizes the organic fertilizer slow release nutrient supply cereal constant absorption；
In short, charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention has achieved the effect that increase soil fertility, increase production, it is corn organic farming
It is preferred that the source of manure；The organic materials that the present invention needs be organic waste, easily obtain and it is low in cost, technique is advanced, can scale
Production.
Specific embodiment
A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention, the fermenting raw materials including following parts by weight are prepared: graphite
Alkene/15~20 parts of Mn/ biomass carbon, 25~40 parts of beer residue, 5~8 parts of fulvic acid zinc potassium, 3~5 parts of beet molasses, peanut shell
10~20 parts of powder, 6~8 parts of EM bacteria agent, 10~30 parts of corn stover and 50~70 parts of pig manure.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon.By weight, institute
Stating graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon is preferably 16~19 parts, and more preferably 17~18 parts.The graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
1) corn stover residue powder and graphene are mixed, obtains mixture；
2) mixture is heated to 0.5~2h at 90~110 DEG C, obtains Heated Products；
3) Heated Products are mixed with manganese chloride, in 500~600 DEG C of 3~5h of charing, obtains graphene modification biological
Charcoal first product；
4) the graphene modification biological charcoal first product is removed into ash content, obtains graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon.
In the present invention, the corn stover residue powder is after corn stover is preferably removed attachment, to crush, be sieved
It arrives.Removal is preferably washed with water in the method for the corn stover removal attachment.The number of the washing is preferably 3~4 times.Institute
It is preferably dried after stating washing.The temperature of the drying is preferably 70~80 DEG C, and the time of the drying is preferably 10~14h, more
Preferably 12h.The aperture of sieving sieve is preferably 80~100 mesh, more preferably 90 mesh.
In this present invention, the mass ratio of the corn stover residue powder and graphene is preferably 100~200:1, more excellent
It is selected as 150:1.The quality of the Heated Products and the mass ratio of manganese chloride are preferably 100~150:1, more preferably 120:1.Through
The gap structure of Mn and the modified corn stover based biomass charcoal of graphene is more flourishing, and specific surface area significantly increases, absorption
Ability enhancing can increase the free airspace of compost as compost conditioner, and will not increase compost volume because its addition is excessive,
Be conducive to the turning and ventilation of compost, while as a kind of carbon rich material matter, can effectively adjust composting C/N ratio, reduce compost mistake
Carbon element loss in journey.It is able to maintain moisture after being manured into soil, and there is fertilizer slow release function, play enhancing fertilizer efficiency and improves soil
The effect of earth fertility.
Graphene through graphene and the modified preparation of Mn/Mn/ biomass carbon specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micropore
Volume is respectively 439~516m2/ g, 0.278~0.309m3/ g and 0.121~0.137m3/ g, and unmodified biomass carbon
Specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micro pore volume are respectively 42.9~48.7m2/ g, 0.0329~0.0355m3/ g and 0.118~
0.125m3/g.Show that graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon has bigger surface area and richer Kong Rong and micropore, is more advantageous to
To the fixing of nutrient needed for plant in soil.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes beer residue.By weight, the beer residue is preferred
It is 28~35 parts, more preferably 32 parts.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the beer residue, and use is known in the art
Beer residue.In embodiments of the present invention, the beer residue comes from Laoshan brewery.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes fulvic acid zinc potassium.By weight, the fulvic acid
Zinc potassium is preferably 6~7 parts, and more preferably 6.5 parts.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the fulvic acid zinc potassium, uses
Fulvic acid zinc potassium known in the art.In embodiments of the present invention, the fulvic acid zinc potassium innovates humic purchased from Shandong
Sour Science and Technology Co., Ltd..Fulvic acid and potassium element chelating, energy controlling plant diseases enhance Flood resistance, and excitation plant is microcosmic
Bioactivity, slow release fertilizer, improves chemical fertilizer and pesticide utilizes；Nutrient absorption is improved, plant germination and growth is promoted；Accelerate precipitating point
Solution improves soil texture.Fulvic acid and divalent Zn-ef ficiency are chelated, and fulvic acid chelated zinc is formed, and can inhibit harmful bacteria
Growth, reduce soil to greatest extent and pass the generation fallen ill, can effectively solve continuous cropping problem.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes beet molasses.By weight, the beet molasses
Preferably 3.5~4.5 parts, more preferably 4 parts.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the beet molasses, using ability
Beet molasses known to domain.Beet molasses is purchased from Global Bio chem Technology Group Company Ltd..Rich in micro- in beet molasses
Secondary element and biotic factor, the growth for microorganism in fermentation process provide carbon source and the energy, also serve as granulation binder and
Antioxidant.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes peanut shell powder.By weight, the peanut shell powder
Preferably 12~18 parts, more preferably 15 parts.The partial size of the peanut shell powder is preferably 40-50 mesh, more preferably 45 mesh.Peanut
Contain a large amount of organic compound, such as lignin, cellulose, protein, sitosterol, saponin in shell.Accelerate to ferment simultaneously into
Journey, fermentation process odorless, the loss amount very little of nitrogen.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes EM bacteria agent.By weight, the EM bacteria agent is preferred
It is 6.5~7.5 parts, more preferably 7 parts.EM bacterium is to be with saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomyces and fermentation der Pilz
Main complex micro organism fungicide, contains aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria.In the embodiment of the present invention, the EM bacteria agent, by Henan crowd
The production of biological products Co., Ltd, nation includes probiotics, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, Gram positive actinomycetes, fermentation
Der Pilz of system etc. ten belongs to more than 80 beneficial microbe bacterium, effective bacterial content >=2 × 1010CFU/ml.EM bacteria agent can make to ferment
The various raw materials of process sufficiently ferment, and by organic matter, inorganic salts, other nutriments sufficiently discharge, convenient for microorganism utilize and
Plant absorption.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes corn stover.By weight, described
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes pig manure.By weight, the corn stover is preferred
It is 15~25 parts, more preferably 20 parts.The corn stover is preferably through crushing obtain broken section of corn stover；The corn stalk
The length that broken section of stalk is preferably 2~3cm of length.
The raw material of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes pig manure.By weight, the pig manure is preferably 55
~65 parts, more preferably 60 parts.Pig manure is organic feeding containing inorganic nutrients and protein, organic matter etc. such as nitrogen more abundant, phosphorus, potassium
Point, soil physico-chemical property can be effectively improved, provides nutrition for crop.
The present invention provides the preparation methods of the charcoal base organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
A. graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon, pig manure, beer residue, corn stover, peanut shell powder and 1~2 part of EM bacteria agent is mixed
It closes, adjusts water content to 60%~70%, build heap, ferment 10~18d at 25~40 DEG C, every 2~4d turning 1 time, obtains the
One tunning；
B. 40 DEG C are dropped to hereinafter, EM with fulvic acid zinc potassium, beet molasses and surplus to the first tunning temperature
Microbial inoculum mixing adjusts water content water content 40%~50%, builds heap fermentation again, obtains charcoal base organic fertilizer.
The present invention is by graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon, pig manure, beer residue, corn stover, peanut shell powder and EM bacteria agent 1~2
Part mixing adjusts water content to 60%~70%, builds heap, ferment 10~18d at 25~40 DEG C, and every 2~4d turning 1 time obtains
To the first tunning.
In the present invention, first tunning water content before building heap and fermenting is preferably 65%.The temperature of the fermentation
Preferably 30~35 DEG C of degree.The time of the fermentation is preferably 12~16d.The turning is preferably primary every 3d turning.
40 DEG C are dropped to hereinafter, EM bacterium with fulvic acid zinc potassium, beet molasses and surplus to the first tunning temperature
Agent mixing adjusts water content water content 40%~50%, builds heap fermentation again, obtains charcoal base organic fertilizer.
In the present invention, the water content for building material before heap ferments again is preferably 45%.
In the present invention, described to build heap fermentation again preferably according to the different fermentations time in season difference:
When summer and autumn, the time of fermentation is 5~8d, and every 2d turning 1 time, fermentation temperature range is 30~40 DEG C；
When spring and winter, the time of fermentation is 10~14d, and every 3d turning 1 time, the temperature of fermentation is 20~30 DEG C.
In the present invention, the tunning obtained after heap fermentation is built again to be granulated；The temperature of the granulation is preferably
60~75 DEG C.The granulation is conducive to keep organic fat power and beneficial microbe activity to greatest extent.
The present invention provides the charcoal base organic fertilizers or the charcoal base organic fertilizer of the method preparation in crops
Application in plantation.
In the present invention, the crops preferably include corn.The charcoal base organic fertilizer preferably assimilates as base manure
Fertilizer applies in soil together, and it is 1:3, the charcoal base that the N element of the charcoal base organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, which applies mass ratio,
The sowing amount of organic fertilizer is preferably 20~25kg/ mus.
Below with reference to embodiment to a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer provided by the invention and preparation method thereof and its in farming
Application in species plant is described in detail, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Raw material preparation
1) beer residue pre-processes: carrying out dewatered drying to water content to beer residue is to be placed in powder in pulverizer within 10%
It is broken, 20 meshes are crossed, pretreated beer residue is obtained.
2) preparation method of cornstalk biological matter charcoal
Corn stover air-dries 2d after washing 4 removal surface adhesion objects, and is dried overnight in 70 DEG C of baking ovens, through powder
It is broken, 100 sieves are crossed, are loaded in brown bottle, for use.
Instrument: temperature programmed control Muffle furnace.
Method: limit oxygen temperature control charring.It is in mass ratio that 200:1 mixes end by above-mentioned corn stover residue powder and graphene
In crucible, mixture is obtained；Heat 0.5h at 110 DEG C, by Heated Products quality and manganese chloride mass ratio be 100~
Manganese chloride is added in 1 ratio, is uniformly mixed, then obtained Heated Products are warming up to 500 DEG C of charing 3h, obtains modification biological charcoal
First product, the carbonizing production being mixed to prepare handle 12h with the HCl solution of 200ml 1mol/L, remove ash content；Through filtering, with distillation
After being washed to neutrality, in 70 DEG C of drying overnight, grind, sieving obtains modification biological charcoal, i.e. graphene/Mn/ charcoal.
Graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micro pore volume are respectively 439m2/g、
0.278m3/ g and 0.121m3/ g, and unmodified biomass carbon (compared with above-mentioned preparation method, does not only add graphene oxide
And MnCl2Solution, other schemes are identical) specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micro pore volume be respectively 42.9m2/g、
0.0329m3/ g and 0.118m3/g.Show that graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon has bigger surface area and richer Kong Rong and micro-
Hole is more advantageous to the fixing to nutrient needed for plant in soil.
Weigh the raw material of following weight: modified biomass charcoal 15kg, beer residue 40kg, fulvic acid zinc potassium 5kg, beet molasses
5kg, peanut shell powder 10kg, EM bacteria agent 6kg, corn stover 10kg and pig manure 50kg.
The preparation method of organic fertilizer the following steps are included:
One time fermentation: it after modified biomass charcoal, pig manure, beer residue, corn stover and peanut shell powder are mixed, uniformly sprays
Upper EM bacteria agent 5kg, is sufficiently mixed stirring, obtains mixed once material, and the water content for adding water to adjust mixed once material is built 60%
Heap carries out normal temperature fermentation 10d, every 2d turning 1 time.
Secondary fermentation: when the primary mixture material heap temperature after the completion of one time fermentation is down to 40 DEG C or less, Xiang Yici
It is proportionally added into fulvic acid zinc potassium, beet molasses in mixture material heap body, sprays 1kgEM microbial inoculum again, obtains two after mixing evenly
Secondary mixture material is built heap and carries out secondary fermentation by secondary mixed material, the water content for adding water to adjust secondary mixture material 40%,
The secondary fermentation time is summer and autumn, and ferment 5~8d.
It is pig manure fermentation organic fertilizer that the mixture that water content is 20% is obtained after secondary fermentation, it both can be direct
As organic fertilizer application, the production that granulating raw material carries out granular organic fertilizer can also be used as.
Comparative example 1
Organic fertilizer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that not adding beer residue.
Embodiment 2
Raw material preparation:
1) beer residue is decomposed: carrying out dewatered drying to water content to beer residue is to be placed in pulverizer and crush within 10%,
20 meshes are crossed, pretreated beer residue is obtained.
2) preparation of cornstalk biological matter charcoal, i.e. modification biological charcoal preparation, preparation method are as follows: corn stover is through washing 4
After secondary removal surface adhesion object, 2d is air-dried, and be dried overnight in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, crushed, cross 80 mesh sieve, is loaded on brown bottle
In, for use.
Instrument: temperature programmed control Muffle furnace.Method: limit oxygen temperature control charring.Cross 80 mesh sieve corn stover residue powder and
Graphene is 200:1 mixing end in crucible according to mass ratio, obtains mixture；0.5h is heated at 110 DEG C, then is produced by heating
Manganese chloride is added in the ratio that the quality of object and the mass ratio of manganese chloride are 150~1, is uniformly mixed, then the Heated Products that will be obtained
600 DEG C of charing 5h are warming up to, obtain graphene modification biological charcoal first product, the carbonizing production being mixed to prepare is with 200ml 1mol/L's
HCl solution handles 12h, removes ash content；Through filtering, after being washed to neutrality with distillation, in 80 DEG C of drying overnight, grind, sieving obtains
To modification biological charcoal, i.e. graphene/Mn/ charcoal.
Graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micro pore volume is respectively 516m2/g、
0.309m3/ g and 0.137m3/ g, and unmodified biomass carbon (compared with above-mentioned preparation method, does not only add graphene oxide
And manganese chloride, other schemes are identical) specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micro pore volume be respectively 48.7m2/g、0.0355m3/g
And 0.125m3/g.Show that graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon has bigger surface area and richer Kong Rong and micropore, more favorably
The fixing of nutrient needed for plant in soil.
Weigh the raw material of following parts by weight: modified biomass the charcoal 20kg, beer residue 25kg of above-mentioned preparation, fulvic acid zinc potassium
8kg, beet sugar 3kg, peanut shell powder 20kg, EM bacteria agent 7kg, corn stover 30kg and pig manure 70kg.
The preparation method of organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
One time fermentation: by weight score meter weigh by modified biomass charcoal, pig manure, beer residue and peanut shell powder mix after,
Upper 6 parts of EM bacterium compost fermentation agent is uniformly sprayed, stirring is sufficiently mixed, obtains mixed once material, water is added to adjust mixed once material
Water content 70%, build heap and carry out normal temperature fermentation 10d, every 2d turning 1 time.
Secondary fermentation: when the primary mixture material heap temperature after the completion of one time fermentation is down to 40 DEG C or less, Xiang Yici
It is proportionally added into fulvic acid zinc potassium, beet molasses in mixture material heap body, sprays 1kgEM microbial inoculum again, obtains two after mixing evenly
Secondary mixture material is built heap and carries out secondary fermentation by secondary mixed material, the water content for adding water to adjust secondary mixture material 50%,
The secondary fermentation time is summer and autumn 8d, spring and winter 14d.
It is pig manure fermentation organic fertilizer that the mixture that water content is 25% is obtained after secondary fermentation, it both can be direct
As organic fertilizer application, the production that granulating raw material carries out granular organic fertilizer can also be used as.
Comparative example 2
Organic fertilizer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 2, the difference is that not adding modified charcoal.
Embodiment 3
Raw material preparation:
1) beer residue: carrying out dewatered drying to water content to beer residue is to be placed in pulverizer and crush within 10%, crosses 20
Mesh obtains pretreated beer residue.
The preparation method of cornstalk biological matter charcoal are as follows: corn stover air-dries after washing 4 removal surface adhesion objects
2d, and be dried overnight in 75 DEG C of baking ovens, it is crushed, crosses 90 mesh sieve, be loaded in brown bottle, for use.
Instrument: temperature programmed control Muffle furnace.Method: limit oxygen temperature control charring.Cross 90 mesh sieve corn stover residue powder and
Graphene is 200:1 mixing end in crucible in mass ratio, obtains mixture；1h is heated at 100 DEG C, by the matter of Heated Products
Manganese chloride is added in the ratio that the mass ratio of amount and manganese chloride is 120~1, is uniformly mixed, then obtained Heated Products are warming up to
550 DEG C of charing 4h, obtain graphene modification biological charcoal first product, and the carbonizing production being mixed to prepare is molten with the HCl of 200ml 1mol/L
Liquid handles 12h, removes ash content；Through filtering, after being washed to neutrality with distillation, in 75 DEG C of drying overnight, grind, sieving is changed
Property charcoal.
Graphene through graphene and the modified preparation of Mn/Mn/ biomass carbon specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micropore
Volume is respectively 508m2/g、0.297m3/ g and 0.132m3/ g, and unmodified biomass carbon (compared with above-mentioned preparation method,
Only do not add graphene oxide and manganese chloride, other schemes are identical) specific surface area, Kong Rong and t-plot micro pore volume is respectively
46.9m2/g、0.0339m3/ g and 0.122m3/g.Show that graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon has bigger surface area and richer
Kong Rong and micropore, be more advantageous to the fixing to nutrient needed for plant in soil.
Weigh the raw material of following parts by weight: modified biomass the charcoal 20kg, beer residue 30kg of above-mentioned preparation, fulvic acid zinc potassium
8kg, beet molasses 5kg, peanut shell powder 15kg, EM bacteria agent 8kg, corn stover 30kg and pig manure 65kg.
The preparation method of organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
One time fermentation: after modified biomass charcoal, pig manure, beer residue, corn stover and 15 parts of peanut shell powder mixing, uniformly
EM bacteria agent 6kg in sprinkling is sufficiently mixed stirring, obtains mixed once material, and the water content for adding water to adjust mixed once material exists
65%, it builds heap and carries out normal temperature fermentation 10d, every 2d turning 1 time.
Secondary fermentation: when the primary mixture material heap temperature after the completion of one time fermentation is down to 40 DEG C or less, Xiang Yici
Be proportionally added into potassium fulvate, molasses in mixture material heap body, again spray 2kgEM microbial inoculum, after mixing evenly secondary mixing
Secondary mixture material is built heap and carries out secondary fermentation, secondary hair by material, the water content for adding water to adjust secondary mixture material 45%
The ferment time is spring and winter, and ferment 13d.
It is pig manure fermentation organic fertilizer that the mixture that water content is 23% is obtained after secondary fermentation, it both can be direct
As organic fertilizer application, the production that granulating raw material carries out granular organic fertilizer can also be used as.
Comparative example 3
Organic fertilizer is prepared according to the method for embodiment 3, the difference is that not adding beer residue and modification biological charcoal.
Embodiment 4
Application value in order to further illustrate the present invention, the present inventor have chosen charcoal organic fertilizer and carry out field application
It tests, is handled below experimental design:
(1) conventional fertilizer application mode (control): mu applies the slow control fertilizer of 60kg；N,P2O5And K2O amount of application is respectively 12.0,6.0 and
6.0kg/ mus, the total sowing amount of nutrient is 24.0kg/ mus.
(2) 1 charcoal base organic fertilizer (lacking beer residue) of comparative example is handled: 75%+25% chemical fertilizer of chemical fertilizer N (slow control fertilizer) nutrient
1 charcoal base organic fertilizer (lacking beer residue compared with the organic fertilizer of embodiment 1) of N amount comparative example；
(3) 2 charcoal base organic fertilizer (lacking biomass carbon) of comparative example is handled: 75% chemical fertilizer N (slow control fertilizer) nutrient+25% is changed
Fertile 2 charcoal base organic fertilizer of N amount comparative example (lacking charcoal compared with 2 organic fertilizer of embodiment)；
(4) 3 charcoal base organic fertilizer (lacking beer residue and charcoal) of comparative example is handled: 75% chemical fertilizer N (slow control fertilizer) nutrient+
25% chemical fertilizer N amount comparative example example, 3 charcoal base organic fertilizer (lacking biogas residue and charcoal compared with the organic fertilizer of embodiment 3)；
(5) 4 charcoal base organic fertilizer of comparative example (unmodified charcoal substitutes modified biomass charcoal) processing: 75% chemical fertilizer N is (slow
Control fertilizer) 4 charcoal base organic fertilizer of+25% chemical fertilizer N amount comparative example of nutrient (unmodified charcoal substitution modified biomass charcoal；It is described not change
Property the method for modification biological charcoal for preparing during the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 of charcoal it is identical, difference, which is only that, does not add graphite
Alkene and manganese chloride)；
(6) 5 charcoal base organic fertilizer of comparative example (unmodified charcoal substitutes modified biomass charcoal) processing: 75% chemical fertilizer N is (slow
Control fertilizer) 5 charcoal base organic fertilizer of+25% chemical fertilizer N amount comparative example of nutrient (unmodified charcoal substitution modified biomass charcoal；It is described not change
Property charcoal preparation method it is identical with the method for modification biological charcoal prepared in embodiment 2, difference is only that and does not add graphite
Alkene and manganese chloride)；
(7) 6 charcoal base organic fertilizer of comparative example (unmodified charcoal substitutes modified biomass charcoal) processing: 75% chemical fertilizer N is (slow
Control fertilizer) 6 charcoal base organic fertilizer of+25% chemical fertilizer N amount comparative example of nutrient (unmodified charcoal substitution modified biomass charcoal；It is described not change
Property charcoal preparation method it is identical with the method for modification biological charcoal prepared in embodiment 3, difference is only that and does not add graphite
Alkene and manganese chloride)；
(8) 1 charcoal base organic fertilizer of embodiment is handled: 75% 1 charcoal of chemical fertilizer N (slow control fertilizer)+25% chemical fertilizer N amount embodiment of nutrient
Base organic fertilizer；
(9) 2 charcoal base organic fertilizer of embodiment is handled: 75% 2 charcoal of chemical fertilizer N (slow control fertilizer)+25% chemical fertilizer N amount embodiment of nutrient
Base organic fertilizer；
(10) 3 charcoal base organic fertilizer of embodiment is handled: 75%+25% chemical fertilizer N amount embodiment 3 of chemical fertilizer N (slow control fertilizer) nutrient
Charcoal base organic fertilizer.
10 processing, 3 repetitions of each processing, plot area 25cm2, arranged using random district's groups.There is wide 1m in minizone
Protection row, the other factors such as field management are identical.
Influence of 1 different fertilization of table to corn yield and soil physico-chemical property
As seen from the above table, it applies fertilizer relative to conventional chemical, 25% fertilizer nitrogen is substituted using fermentation organic fertilizer of the invention, it can
Crop yield is significantly improved, corn yield increasing 8.03%~9.94%, corn stover volume increase 14.2%~15.8%, economic benefit is aobvious
It writes；And the organic fertilizer for lacking biomass carbon and beer residue preparation is only 1.34%~3.82% to the effect of increasing production of corn, is used
The effect of increasing production of the organic fertilizer of unmodified charcoal substitution modification biological charcoal preparation is only 5.88%~8.72%, can not show a candle to this hair
Per mu yield acquired by bright scheme.
Relative to conventional fertilizer application, 25% fertilizer nitrogen is substituted using fermentation organic fertilizer of the invention, it is raw that corn can be effectively improved
Long root system environment, improves the enzymatic activity of soil, promotes microorganism growth, make soil organic matter content improve 4.60%~
6.90%, urase improves 15.3%~18.2%, and catalase improves 10.3%~14.9%, microbial biomass C
23.0%~31.1% is improved, Soil microbial biomass nitrogen improves 22.6%~28.9%.
Relative to the substitution modification biological charcoal processing of unmodified charcoal, changed using fermentation organic fertilizer substitution 25% of the invention
Fertile nitrogen can be effectively improved corn growth root system environment, improve the enzymatic activity of soil, promote microorganism growth, make the soil organism
Content improves 1.11%~2.32%, and urase improves 4.32%~11.3%, and catalase improves 3.65%~
8.77%, microbial biomass C improves 7.90%~14.8%, and Soil microbial biomass nitrogen improves 12.5%~13.3%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that the fermenting raw materials including following parts by weight are prepared: graphene/
15~20 parts of Mn/ biomass carbon, 25~40 parts of beer residue, 5~8 parts of fulvic acid zinc potassium, 3~5 parts of beet molasses, peanut shell powder 10
~20 parts, 6~8 parts of EM bacteria agent, 10~30 parts of corn stover and 50~70 parts of pig manure；
The graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon preparation method, comprising the following steps:
1) corn stover residue powder and graphene are mixed, obtains mixture；
2) mixture is heated to 0.5~2h at 90~110 DEG C, obtains Heated Products；
3) Heated Products are mixed with manganese chloride, in 500~600 DEG C of 3~5h of charing, at the beginning of obtaining graphene modification biological charcoal
Product；
4) the graphene modification biological charcoal first product is removed into ash content, obtains graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon.
2. charcoal base organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that corn stover residue powder and stone in step 1)
The mass ratio of black alkene is 100~200:1.
3. charcoal base organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Heated Products and manganese chloride in step 3)
Mass ratio is 100~150:1.
4. charcoal base organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that including following parts by weight
Fermenting raw materials be prepared: graphene/16~19 parts of Mn/ biomass carbon, 28~35 parts of beer residue, fulvic acid zinc potassium 6~7
Part, 3.5~4.5 parts of beet molasses, 12~18 parts of peanut shell powder, 6.5~7.5 parts of EM bacteria agent, 15~25 parts of corn stover and pig
55~65 parts of excrement.
5. the preparation method of charcoal base organic fertilizer described in Claims 1 to 4 any one, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
A. it by graphene/Mn/ biomass carbon, pig manure, beer residue, corn stover, peanut shell powder and 1~2 part of EM bacteria agent mixing, adjusts
Water content is saved to 60%-70%, builds heap, ferment 10~18d at 25~40 DEG C, and every 2~4d turning 1 time obtains the first fermentation
Product；
B. 40 DEG C are dropped to hereinafter, EM bacteria agent with fulvic acid zinc potassium, beet molasses and surplus to the first tunning temperature
Mixing adjusts water content water content 40%~50%, builds heap fermentation again, obtains charcoal base organic fertilizer.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described to build heap fermentation again according to the difference hair in season
Ferment time difference:
When summer and autumn, the time of fermentation is 5~8d, and every 2d turning 1 time, fermentation temperature range is 30~40 DEG C；
When spring and winter, the time of fermentation is 10~14d, and every 3d turning 1 time, the temperature of fermentation is 20~30 DEG C.
7. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that build the fermentation obtained after heap fermentation in step b again
Product is granulated；The temperature of the granulation is 60~75 DEG C.
8. charcoal base organic fertilizer described in Claims 1 to 4 any one or claim 5~7 any one the method
Application of the charcoal base organic fertilizer of preparation in crop planting.
9. application according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the crops include corn.
10. application according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that the charcoal base organic fertilizer is as the same chemical fertilizer of base manure
It applies in soil together, it is 1:3 that the N element of the charcoal base organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, which applies mass ratio, and the charcoal base has
The sowing amount of machine fertilizer is 20~25kg/ mus.
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| CN110436999A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 青岛农业大学 | Dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer in a kind of solonchak area cotton field and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110305674A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-08 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of modification biological charcoal, soil-repairing agent and its preparation method and application |
| CN110305674B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-03-02 | 青岛农业大学 | Modified biochar, soil remediation agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110436999A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 青岛农业大学 | Dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer in a kind of solonchak area cotton field and preparation method thereof |
| CN110615713A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-27 | 河海大学 | Carbon-based microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112142537A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2020-12-29 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Biochar compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115250845A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-01 | 天津市农业科学院 | Corn fertilizer-saving and damage-reducing planting method based on winter green manure nutrient management |
| CN115286472A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 云南硕农农业科技有限公司 | Activating agent for improving self-repairing capability of soil as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117342901A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and preparation method thereof |
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