CN117342901A - Conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117342901A
CN117342901A CN202311261100.5A CN202311261100A CN117342901A CN 117342901 A CN117342901 A CN 117342901A CN 202311261100 A CN202311261100 A CN 202311261100A CN 117342901 A CN117342901 A CN 117342901A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
soil
conditioner
water
drought resistance
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CN202311261100.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李�杰
张坤
李东伟
李景元
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Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
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Priority to CN202311261100.5A priority Critical patent/CN117342901A/en
Publication of CN117342901A publication Critical patent/CN117342901A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12Granules or flakes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, wherein the conditioner comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of straw, 15-25 parts of livestock manure, 3-6 parts of humic acid, 8-15 parts of plant dry powder, 1-4 parts of a water-retaining agent, 1-3 parts of mineral source fulvic acid, 2-5 parts of alginic acid, 1-3 parts of molasses, 3-6 parts of beer residue, 0.5-1.5 parts of ammonia water and 10-14 parts of water. According to the invention, natural waste straw, livestock manure and plant dry powder are used as main materials of the conditioner, so that the waste is free from burning, the environment is protected, the soil environment can be improved by utilizing microorganisms contained in the waste, the soil fertility is increased, and the water and soil loss is reduced; the mineral source fulvic acid provides a carbon source and a nitrogen source for the activities of beneficial microorganisms in soil, so that mass propagation of microorganisms in the main material is promoted, and the utilization rate of the main material is improved; the molasses and beer residues can increase the microbial activity, enhance the fertility of soil, and the alginic acid has the characteristic of strong hydrophilicity and can enhance the material viscosity.

Description

Conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soil drought causes the soil fertility to be reduced, seriously influences the growth of crops, finally leads the yield and the quality of the crops to not reach the standard, is critical for leading the crops to have a good growth environment drought resistance, and means that the soil must have enough water source and fertility, and needs to be subjected to drought resistance, fertilization and conditioning.
Most of the current soil conditioning adopts irrigation and pure urea application, but the irrigation has very little effect on keeping water and soil moist all the time, and the pure urea application all the time also easily causes soil fatigue, and long-term farming of the soil is not easy.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the conventional soil conditioning operation is troublesome and the soil fatigue is easily caused by urea application.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil, which comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of straw, 15-25 parts of livestock manure, 3-6 parts of humic acid, 8-15 parts of plant dry powder, 1-4 parts of a water retaining agent, 1-3 parts of mineral source fulvic acid, 2-5 parts of alginic acid, 1-3 parts of molasses, 3-6 parts of beer residue, 0.5-1.5 parts of ammonia water and 10-14 parts of water.
Further, the preparation method of the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer increase of soil is also included: comprises the steps of,
s1, crushing straws and livestock manure to 50-150 meshes, and then dripping water into the crushed straws and livestock manure to stir the crushed straws and livestock manure into paste;
s2, sequentially adding plant dry powder, humic acid, ore source fulvic acid and molasses into the material in the step S1, simultaneously adding ammonia water into the material in a spray mode, and naturally fermenting for 1-3 hours;
and S3, adding beer residues, alginic acid and a water-retaining agent into the materials in the step S2, adding the rest water, stirring, and granulating to obtain a conditioner finished product.
Further, the plant dry powder is prepared by mixing corn flour, sweet potato powder and apple powder, and the specific method comprises the following steps: sun-drying corn kernels, sweet potato slices and apple slices under sunlight condition until the water content is less than or equal to 5%, pulverizing into 50-70 mesh powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain plant dry powder.
Further, the livestock manure is prepared by mixing chicken manure, cow manure and pig manure, and uniformly mixing after removing water in the manure.
Further, the straw is naturally dried to remove water.
Further, the reaction temperature of the steps S1-S3 is 30-45 ℃.
Further, the conditioner is sprayed under the wet soil condition before or after raining.
Further, the conditioner is applied 5-8cm below the soil layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention uses natural waste straw, livestock manure and plant dry powder as main materials of the conditioner, which not only can prevent the waste from burning and protect the environment, but also can improve the soil environment, increase the soil fertility and reduce the water and soil loss by utilizing the microorganisms contained in the waste.
2. The mineral source fulvic acid provides a carbon source and a nitrogen source required for the activities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promotes the mass propagation of microorganisms in the main material, improves the utilization rate of the main material, combines the fulvic acid and calcium ions in the soil to form a stable aggregate structure, regulates the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions of the soil, and mass propagates beneficial bacteria in the soil to control harmful bacteria in the soil, thereby improving the crop resistance and having obvious repairing function on hardening and soil salinization caused by long-term excessive fertilization.
3. Humic acid is remains of animals and plants, mainly remains of plants, is taken as an organic material after being decomposed and transformed by microorganisms, and can greatly increase the fertility of soil; molasses and beer residues attract microorganisms, so that the fertility of soil can be enhanced, alginic acid has the characteristic of strong hydrophilicity, the viscosity of substances can be enhanced, a proper amount of water-retaining agent can reduce the risk of water loss in the conditioner, and the probability of water loss of soil is reduced after the conditioner is applied to the soil.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of a conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer enhancement of soil comprises the following steps:
example 1:
s1, sun-drying 20 parts of straw and 15 parts of livestock manure, removing water, crushing to 50 meshes, adding 5 parts of water in a dripping mode, and stirring the materials to be pasty;
s2, sun-drying 8 parts of plant dry powder to remove water, crushing the plant dry powder to 50 meshes, sequentially adding 3 parts of humic acid, 1 part of mineral source fulvic acid and 1 part of molasses into the material of S1, spraying 0.5 part of ammonia water into the material in a spraying mode, and naturally fermenting for 1 hour;
s3, adding 3 parts of beer residues, 22 parts of alginic acid and 1 part of water-retaining agent into the material in the step S2, adding 12 parts of water, continuously stirring, granulating and drying to obtain a conditioner finished product.
In the application, the collected waste straws, the livestock manure and the plant dry powder are dried in the sun to remove water, the collected waste straws, the livestock manure and the plant dry powder are used as main materials of the conditioner, cellulose and lignin in the straws, amino acid, vitamin and polysaccharide substances in the plant dry powder, and the livestock manure are used as natural biological fertilizers, so that the soil fertility can be improved after the collected waste straws, the livestock manure and the plant dry powder are applied to soil, the soil water loss is reduced, and the soil is locked. The mineral source fulvic acid provides a carbon source and a nitrogen source for the activities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, so that mass propagation of microorganisms in the main material is promoted, the utilization rate of the main material is improved, the fulvic acid and calcium ions in the soil are combined to form a stable aggregate structure, the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions of the soil are regulated, the beneficial bacteria in the soil are propagated in a large amount, harmful bacteria in the soil are controlled, the crop resistance is improved, and the soil salinity phenomenon caused by long-term excessive fertilization is obviously repaired. Humic acid is remains of animals and plants, mainly remains of plants, is taken as an organic material after being decomposed and transformed by microorganisms, and can greatly increase the fertility of soil; the molasses and the beer residues can increase the microbial activity, enhance the fertility of the soil, and the alginic acid has the characteristic of strong hydrophilicity, can enhance the viscosity of substances, and the proper amount of the water-retaining agent can reduce the risk of water loss in the conditioner, so that the probability of water loss of the soil is reduced after the conditioner is applied to the soil.
Example 2:
s1, sun-drying 30 parts of straws and 25 parts of livestock manure, removing water, crushing to 145 meshes, adding 7 parts of water in a dripping mode, and stirring the materials to be pasty;
s2, sun-drying 15 parts of plant dry powder to remove water, crushing the plant dry powder to 135 meshes, sequentially adding the plant dry powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of mineral source fulvic acid and 3 parts of molasses into the material of S1, spraying 1.5 parts of ammonia water into the material in a spraying mode, and naturally fermenting for 3 hours;
and S3, adding 6 parts of beer residues, 5 parts of alginic acid and 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent into the material in the step S2, adding 8 parts of water, continuously stirring, granulating and drying to obtain a conditioner finished product.
The principle of raw material preparation was the same for example 2 and example 1.
Example 3:
s1, sun-drying 25 parts of straws and 23 parts of livestock manure, removing water, crushing to 110 meshes, adding 8 parts of water in a dripping mode, and stirring the materials to be pasty;
s2, sun-drying 13 parts of plant dry powder to remove water, crushing the plant dry powder to 100 meshes, sequentially adding 3 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of mining source fulvic acid and 1.8 parts of molasses into the material of S1, spraying 1.5 parts of ammonia water into the material in a spraying mode, and naturally fermenting for 2 hours;
and S3, adding 6 parts of beer residues, 2 parts of alginic acid and 1.5 parts of water-retaining agent into the material in the step S2, adding 7 parts of water, continuously stirring, granulating and drying to obtain a conditioner finished product.
The principle of raw material preparation was the same for example 3 and example 1.
In order to demonstrate the superiority of the present invention, comparative examples 1 to 3 are set forth herein:
comparative example 1
S1, crushing straws to 100 meshes, adding 10 parts of water into humic acid, mining source fulvic acid and molasses, stirring, adding ammonia water, and naturally fermenting for 2 hours;
s2, adding 2 parts of water retention agent and 5 parts of water into the material in the step S1, stirring, and granulating to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 2
S1, mixing and fermenting 10 parts of straw, 10 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of plant dry powder, 10 parts of humic acid and 10 parts of water overnight;
s2, adding 2 parts of water-retaining agent into the material in the step S1, and mixing and granulating to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 3
S1, mixing and fermenting 20 parts of animal manure, 10 parts of plant dry powder and 15 parts of water overnight;
s2, adding 2 parts of water-retaining agent and 5 parts of alginic acid into the material in the step S1, mixing and granulating to obtain a finished product.
The crop species planting base in Liaoning province is used as a test field, the test field is divided into 6-6 m fields in each group, 6 groups are arranged in total, the conditioner finished products of the example 1-the example 3 and the comparative example 1-the comparative example 3 are respectively buried in 8cm positions of soil under the condition of slightly wetting the soil after rain, the conditioner finished products of the groups are placed in each group at intervals, corn is sowed in the soil buried in the conditioner finished products, the corn growth condition and the soil environment of the part are tested after the corn grows, and the test results are shown in the following table:
as is clear from the table, after the conditioner of example 1-example 3 is buried in the soil, the soil water and soil loss and soil fertility of the soil are improved, the maize seedlings grow well, and the maize finished product is superior in quality and rich in nutrition. However, after the conditioner of comparative examples 1 to 3 is buried in the soil, the soil water loss and soil fertility improvement of the part are not obvious, the water and soil of the part still have the conditions of water deficiency, drought and nutrient deficiency, the finished corn product has no optimization effect, the condition of the finished corn product is poor, and the particles are thin and light.
Therefore, after the conditioner disclosed by the invention is used for improving soil, not only can the soil fertility be improved, but also the problem of soil water and soil loss can be solved, the soil environment has a great relationship with the finished products of seedlings, and after the conditioner disclosed by the invention is used for improving the soil, the finally obtained finished products of corns grow well and are quite abundant in receiving.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer enhancement of soil is characterized in that: the conditioner comprises, by weight, 20-30 parts of straw, 15-25 parts of livestock manure, 3-6 parts of humic acid, 8-15 parts of plant dry powder, 1-4 parts of a water retaining agent, 1-3 parts of mineral source fulvic acid, 2-5 parts of alginic acid, 1-3 parts of molasses, 3-6 parts of beer residue, 0.5-1.5 parts of ammonia water and 10-14 parts of water.
2. The conditioner for drought resistance and fertilization of soil according to claim 1, further comprising a preparation method of the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilization of soil: comprises the steps of,
s1, crushing straws and livestock manure to 50-150 meshes, and then dripping water into the crushed straws and livestock manure to stir the crushed straws and livestock manure into paste;
s2, sequentially adding plant dry powder, humic acid, ore source fulvic acid and molasses into the material in the step S1, simultaneously adding ammonia water into the material in a spray mode, and naturally fermenting for 1-3 hours;
and S3, adding beer residues, alginic acid and a water-retaining agent into the materials in the step S2, adding the rest water, stirring, and granulating to obtain a conditioner finished product.
3. The method for preparing the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer application of soil according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the plant dry powder is prepared by mixing corn flour, sweet potato powder and apple powder, and the specific method comprises the following steps: sun-drying corn kernels, sweet potato slices and apple slices under sunlight condition until the water content is less than or equal to 5%, pulverizing into 50-70 mesh powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain plant dry powder.
4. The method for preparing the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer application of soil according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the fowl and livestock manure is prepared by mixing chicken manure, cow manure and pig manure, removing water in the manure, and uniformly mixing.
5. The method for preparing the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer application of soil according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and naturally airing the straw to remove water.
6. The method for preparing the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer application of soil according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the reaction temperature of the steps S1-S3 is 30-45 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer application of soil according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the conditioner is sprayed under the wet condition of soil before or after raining.
8. The method for preparing the conditioner for drought resistance and fertilizer application of soil according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the conditioner is applied 5-8cm below the soil layer.
CN202311261100.5A 2023-09-27 2023-09-27 Conditioner for drought resistance and fertility improvement of soil and preparation method thereof Pending CN117342901A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107746342A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-03-02 湖北工程学院 A kind of water keeping organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109762571A (en) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-17 吉林农业大学 A kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method
CN109879709A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-14 青岛农业大学 A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its application in corn planting
CN110590421A (en) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-20 河海大学 Drought-resisting and water-retaining soil conditioner for hilly and mountainous areas and preparation method thereof
CN114409471A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 窑街煤电集团有限公司 Mineral source biochar soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107746342A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-03-02 湖北工程学院 A kind of water keeping organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109762571A (en) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-17 吉林农业大学 A kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method
CN109879709A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-14 青岛农业大学 A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and its application in corn planting
CN110590421A (en) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-20 河海大学 Drought-resisting and water-retaining soil conditioner for hilly and mountainous areas and preparation method thereof
CN114409471A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 窑街煤电集团有限公司 Mineral source biochar soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

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