CN102491821B - Compound fertilizer special for sugarcanes and production method thereof - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer special for sugarcanes and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound fertilizer special for sugarcanes and a production method thereof. Raw materials of the compound fertilizer special for the sugarcanes comprise inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers, compound amino acid, secondary elements and microelements. Weight percentage of each component in total weight of the compound fertilizer special for the sugarcanes is that the inorganic fertilizers occupy 16%-29%, the organic fertilizers occupy 15%-30%, the compound amino acid occupies 5%-15%, the secondary elements occupy 0.1%-0.5%, and the microelements occupy 0.03%-0.1%. The compound fertilizer special for the sugarcanes can promote nitrogen, phosphor, potassium and other nutrient elements to transfer and gather from mature portions of the sugarcanes to growing portions of the sugarcanes, and improves content of the nutrient elements in sugarcane stem growing portions and sugarcane leaves, thereby promoting growing of the sugarcanes and synthesizing and accumulating of cane sugar, and improving per unit yield, sugar content and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Crop fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of composite fertilizer and the production method thereof of using sugarcane.
Background technology
Sugarcane is important sugaring raw material, and in China, sucrose accounts for 80% of sugar total amount.Grow cane, the efficiency of light energy utilization and the land productivity of its unit surface are higher.Compared with plantation food crop, sugarcane is the crop that a kind of economic return is larger.The area that per mu yield is about 5 tons, often produces the N P and K three elements that one ton of raw material sugarcane absorbs from soil, converts as 1.75 ~ 4.35 kilograms, urea, calcium superphosphate 1.95 ~ 8.35 kilograms, 2.5 ~ 4.15 kilograms, Repone K.The quantity of above-mentioned said sugarcane per ton absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium from soil, and the fertilizer executed down can not all by sugarcane be absorbed, partial gasification is had to lose, part is had to outflow with water, have part by some element in soil is fixed and lose fertilizer efficiency, thus often the fertilizer quantity of product needed for one ton of sugarcane than above-mentioned many about 1 to 2 times.Sugarcane can be divided into seedling stage, tillering phase, elongating stage, technical maturity all one's life.The ratio of sugarcane absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 2:1:2.2.Seedling stage the absorbed dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is accounted for respectively and absorb 8%, 9%, 4% of total amount the time of infertility, 16%, 18%, 14% is accounted for respectively to tillering phase, 66%, 68%, 74% is accounted for respectively to elongating stage, 10%, 6%, 8% is accounted for respectively to the ripening stage, namely sugarcane production will have sufficient nutrient supply early stage, to promote root system development, early tiller, tiller more, improve sugarcane number of productive tiller.Sugarcane production mid-term (elongating stage) is significantly inhale fertile peak.Along with the expansion of cultivated area, production technique for fertilizer falls behind the existence waiting factors, cause in actual production to consider that planting cost is selected using of single fertilizer and only had nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macroelement, there is no or not exclusively has the Term Fertilization of medium trace element, special elements and organic matter, thus cause sugarcane per unit area yield low, the even underproduction had, sugar is not high.Current sugarcane fertilizer also can only play the effect improving nutrient and improve soil simultaneously, can not reach the double effects of control Sugarcane Pests.Therefore will arrive two kinds of effects and have to pass through twice fertilising, this both added labor force, turn increased production cost.
China Patent No.: ZL200810058374.3, denomination of invention is: disclose a kind of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer in a kind of patent of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer, the effective constituent containing following mass percent in this special fertilizer: N 10%, P
2o
510%, K
2o
5; 21.7 parts, urea, calcium superphosphate 62.5 parts, potassium sulfate 9.6 parts or 8.9 parts, Repone K, stopping composition (for filter mud and clay mix in the ratio of 7:3) 6.2 ~ 6.9 parts.Although this special fertilizer can improve per unit area yield and the sugar of sugarcane to a certain extent, sugarcane proiprietary formula does not relate to and will add moderate-element, trace element, beneficial element, is not well positioned to meet the fertile requirement of need of sugarcane.Therefore develop a kind of new special compound fertilizer for sugar cane, better to adapt to the volume increase of current cane planting, increase the demand of sugar.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of special sugarcane composite fertilizer, it has considered nutrient supply feature and the cane planting feature of China's cane-growing region soil and has grown regulation of fertilizer requirement, the side effect, the fertilizing soil that bring by fertilizer of improving the ecological environment, eliminate, improve Soil structure, loosing soil does not harden, provide for the purpose of plant nutrition, by combinations such as inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element, trace elements, both meet sugarcane production demand, improve output and sugar content.
technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention uses sugarcane composite fertilizer, and its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent that its each component accounts for sugarcane composite fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer 16% ~ 29%, fertilizer 15 ~ 30%, aminoacids complex 5% ~ 15%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.03% ~ 0.1%;
Described aminoacids complex be add after adopting the food slag of the difficult degradation such as animal skin, slaughter-house refuse, silk cocoon waste residue to be put into Enamel jar more than 80 ~ 98% strong sulfuric acid response 3 ~ 18 hours, after animal skin dissolves substantially, then pH to 5-7 is regulated to form with unslaked lime; Per kilogram waste material adds the vitriol oil 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of more than 80 ~ 98%; The described animal skin that comprises comprises human hair, pig hair, ox hair, waste wool, the rabbit hair, chicken feather, drake feather and leather waste.
Element containing following mass percent in described inorganic fertilizer, N 6% ~ 20%, P2O5 4% ~ 15%, K2O 4% ~ 20%;
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; Element containing following mass percent in moderate-element, Mg 0.5% ~ 2.0%, Ca2.0% ~ 10.00%, S 1.0% ~ 5.00%;
Described trace element is boron, zinc, copper; Element containing following mass percent in trace element, B 0.010% ~ 0.2%, Zn 0.010% ~ 0.20%, Cu0.010% ~ 0.20%;
By in urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, one or more provide N element in described inorganic fertilizer element; P
2o
5for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate provide in one or both provide; K
2o provides for Repone K or potassium sulfate;
Mg element in described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, magnesium sulfate containing crystal water, magnesium chloride, one or more material magnesian mixes provides; Ca element is mixed by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, calcium superphosphate, white lime, gypsum to be provided; S element provides by mixing containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, calcium superphosphate, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, gypsum, sulphur;
B element in described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate.
Described fertilizer comprises: comprise paulownia bran, tea bran, manioc waste, waste molasses, filter mud of sugar refinery, food factory's waste material, animal excrement, Chinese medicine slag, natural pond slag, edible fungi leftovers and husk, sugared mud, furfural dregs, crop stalk product by fermentation.
Zymophyte used is that Henan Hebi City hundred thinks the special bacterial classification microbial inoculum that becomes thoroughly decomposed of the biological organic fertilizer of the production of bio tech ltd, and every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material adds the special bacterial classification 1kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.The special bacterial classification microbial inoculum that becomes thoroughly decomposed of this biological organic fertilizer is rich in the useful bacterium of plant-growth, yeast, thread fungus and associated biomolecule enzyme, by can intensive decomposition feces of livestock and poultry the multiple bacterial strain such as fungi, bacterium, thread fungus, yeast and relevant enzymes is composite forms, divide pulvis and liquid two class, be aerobic fermentation, decomposing protein is very competent, the effect of intensification, deodorizing, elimination disease and pest, weed seed and enrichment nutrient can be reached simultaneously.
The fermentative production operating procedure of fertilizer of the present invention is as follows: 1, the organic fertilizer raw material of required fermentation is laid in bottom fermenter, moisture content is less than or equal to 8%; 2, the special abundant fusion of bacterial classification 1kg of becoming thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer is added with every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material even.
3, the moisture content regulated should, about 60%, be held agglomerating, and a finger gently resilience energy scatters, and does not drip in the middle of webs for easily; 4, pile ridge 10-20 days, turning every day 1 time, maintain the temperature 60-75 degree of fertilizer.
The production method that the present invention uses sugarcane composite fertilizer is: first mixed with the fertilizer fermented by aminoacids complex, then inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element and conjunction amino acid fertilizer remix, to obtain final product.
Application process of the present invention: new plant cane first opens plantation ditch, then applies ditch both sides by the present invention, puts earthing after sugarcane kind.Topdress in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, fertilising ridging.Stubble cane, in the disposable row replacement of sugarcane early tillering stage weeding ditching, executes rear earthing; Or spread fertilizer over the fields after rain.
advantage of the present invention is:
1, use special compound fertilizer for sugar cane of the present invention high in technological content: to think that with Henan Hebi City hundred special bacterial classification microbial inoculum and the organic fertilizer raw material of becoming thoroughly decomposed of the biological organic fertilizer of the production of bio tech ltd is fermented, be equipped with animal skin hydrolysis and the amino acid that obtains, use modern high technology biotechnology to refine to form, nutrient is complete, content is high, fertilizer efficiency is long.
2, effectively can improve sugar content after Sugarcane, also may be used for fruit trees and vegetables, use rear flower and fruit protecting rate and improve more than 25%.Increasing both production and income high efficiency, generally can increase production more than 25%, successful.
3, product quality is improved: after use, crop growth is more natural, and product special flavour is good, and sugarcane sugarcane stem is sturdy, and sugar degree is high, and leaf look light green.
4, cost less investment: use this fertilizer can reduce the usage quantity of chemical fertilizer, reduce costs.
5, diseases and pests of agronomic crop is few: can make farm crop well developed root system after use, and stem is slightly full of leaves, resistant to lodging.This fertilizer contains a large amount of beneficial microorganism viable bacterias, effectively can suppress the growth of harmful bacteria, reduces the generation of disease and pest.
6, Optimal Growing is grown: after using, can shift to an earlier date 8-10 days results.Growing of sugarcane and farm crop is better than using inorganic fertilizer.
7, environmental protect is pollution-free: this fertilizer can eliminate the side effect that chemical fertilizer brings, environmental protect, fertilizing soil.
8, widely applicable and excellent: be applicable to various farm crop, improve Soil structure: life-time service, loosing soil does not harden, easy farming.
9, fertilizer efficiency is excellent: need to have allocated rational npk nutrient into according to crop growth in process of production, and peasants can be used as base manure relieved, easily or intertillage is topdressed.
10, temperature is played fast: when temperature more than 0 DEG C, within 48 hours, temperature rises to more than 55 DEG C.Fully can decompose the organic sulfide, organic nitrogen compound etc. that produce stink in fowl poultry kind ight soil, within intensification 2-3 days, can stink be eliminated.
11, composting cycle is short, within 10-15 days, becomes thoroughly decomposed completely.
12, compost high temperature (55 DEG C-70 DEG C) is lasting, can kill the germ in fermented product, worm's ovum, weed seed.
13, the loss of compost total nutrient is few, and humus content is high, and potassium contents increases obviously.
14, the special bacterial classification microbial inoculum that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer adopting Henan Hebi City hundred to think that bio tech ltd produces can use the plants such as filter mud of sugarcane, manioc waste, food factory, livestock and poultry or earthworm, fruits and vegetables base, tobacco seedling and farm refuse ferment.It can promote that the nutritive elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium shift and enrichment from the maturing part of sugarcane to growth part, improves the content effect of nutritive element in Cane growth part and sugarcane leaf.Thus facilitate the growth of sugarcane, the synthesis of sucrose and accumulation.Improve per unit area yield, improve sugar degree and increase economic efficiency.
Using method
Sugarcane: execute 75-100 kilograms for every mu and make base manure, execute 150-200 kilograms of do elongation fertilizer for every mu during large ridging, general trench digging imposes on rear blinding in ditch.
Paddy rice: execute 50-60 kilograms for every mu and make base manure, be spread on face, field before plow harrow field, be mixed into uniformly in topsoil by plow harrow field.
Cassava: execute 150-200 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed, under generally executing when whole ground for every mu.
Peanut: execute 50-75 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed, under generally executing when whole ground for every mu.Notice that fertilizer is sowed after executing lower bonnet last layer thin soil, do not allow seed directly contact with fertilizer.
Corn: execute 50-75 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed, under generally executing when whole ground for every mu.
Huai Shan: every mu executes 200-250 kilograms, and to make base manure disposable employed, under generally executing when whole ground.
Melon and fruit class: execute 150-200 kilograms to make base manure disposable employed, under generally executing when whole ground for every mu.
Leaf vegetables: execute 75-100 kilograms (Chinese cabbage can execute 100-150 kilograms) to make base manure disposable employed, under generally executing when whole ground for every mu.
Fruit tree: generally can use 5-10 kilograms (depending on fruit tree size, the adjustment flexibly of output height) in conjunction with every strain during clear expansion cave, garden in autumn and winter, the weeds in Ke Yuqing garden are mixed together in the ditch executed and expand cave, execute one deck fertilizer weeds lid layer soil.
Attention: suitably should adjust amount of application according to soil fertility level, crop varieties, yield level etc. during use.
Specific embodiment
embodiment 1
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 16%(6-5-5), organic matter 15% in fertilizer, (6-5-5 refers to N, P to the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer 1000 kilograms of aminoacids complex 15% respectively
2o5, K
2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 135 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), 280 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (containing P
2o
5by 18.0%, containing Mg by 9%, containing Ca by 28.4%, containing Si by 12.7%), potassium sulfate 80 kilograms is (containing K
2o is by 50.0%, containing S by 17.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), anhydrous cupric sulfate 0.5 kilogram (containing Cu by 25%), aminoacids complex 30 kilograms (containing organic by 50%), organic fertilizer raw material 1000 kilograms, the special bacterial classification 0.1 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
Aminoacids complex is the strong sulfuric acid response 3 ~ 18 hours adding more than 80 ~ 98% after adopting animal skin to be put into Enamel jar, after animal skin dissolves substantially, then regulates pH to 5-7 to form with unslaked lime; Per kilogram waste material adds the vitriol oil 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of more than 80 ~ 98%.
Preparation method: pulverized through gravity system by above-mentioned solid material, abundant fusion evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, particle sub-sieve, automatic measuring packing, namely obtains finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
embodiment 2
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 25%(10-5-10), organic matter 20% in fertilizer, the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer of aminoacids complex 15% 1000 kilograms.
Composition of raw materials compares: 230 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), 280 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (containing P
2o
5by 18.0%, containing Mg by 9%, containing Ca by 28.4%, containing Si by 12.7%), potassium sulfate 200 kilograms is (containing K
2o is by 50.0%, containing S by 17.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), anhydrous cupric sulfate 0.5 kilogram (containing Cu by 25%), aminoacids complex 30 kilograms (containing organic by 50%), organic fertilizer raw material 500 kilograms, the special bacterial classification 0.05 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
Aminoacids complex is the strong sulfuric acid response 3 ~ 18 hours adding more than 80 ~ 98% after adopting slaughter-house refuse and silk cocoon waste residue to be put into Enamel jar, after animal skin dissolves substantially, then regulates pH to 5-7 to form with unslaked lime; Per kilogram waste material adds the vitriol oil 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of more than 80 ~ 98%.
Preparation method: pulverized through gravity system by above-mentioned solid material, abundant fusion evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, particle sub-sieve, automatic measuring packing, namely obtains finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
embodiment 3
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 30%(13-6-12), organic matter 30% in fertilizer, the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer of aminoacids complex 15% 1000 kilograms.
Composition of raw materials compares: 290 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), 320 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (containing P
2o
5by 18.0%, containing Mg by 9%, containing Ca by 28.4%, containing Si by 12.7%), potassium sulfate 250 kilograms is (containing K2O by 50.0%, containing S by 17.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), anhydrous cupric sulfate 0.5 kilogram (containing Cu by 25%), aminoacids complex 30 kilograms (containing organic by 50%), organic fertilizer raw material 1500 kilograms, the special bacterial classification 0.15 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer.
Aminoacids complex is the strong sulfuric acid response 3 ~ 18 hours adding more than 80 ~ 98% after adopting animal skin and useless bean dregs to be put into Enamel jar, after animal skin dissolves substantially, then regulates pH to 5-7 to form with unslaked lime; Per kilogram waste material adds the vitriol oil 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram of more than 80 ~ 98%.
Preparation method: pulverized through gravity system by above-mentioned solid material, abundant fusion evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, particle sub-sieve, automatic measuring packing, namely obtains finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
By product of the present invention and application process to Gui Nan farm, North Sea Nankang farm, Jingxi, Baise Sugarcane Farm, Chong Zuo Tuo Lv town, the sugarcane on farm, guest Red River is tried out.Compared with a kind of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of like product, use product of the present invention ratio and use like product sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer Be very effective, per unit area yield on average increases production more than 14.5%, increases sugar amount more than 15%.
Within 2010, fertilizer efficiency contrast table is used on Gui Nan farm:
Illustrate: other is the sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer bought in market.
Jingxi, Baise in 2010 Sugarcane Farm uses fertilizer efficiency contrast table:
Illustrate: other sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer provided for sugar refinery.
Within 2010, fertilizer efficiency contrast table is used in Chong Zuo Tuo Lv town:
Illustrate: other common fertilizer bought for market.
Claims (2)
1. a production method for special sugarcane composite fertilizer, is characterized in that: the raw material of described composite fertilizer comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, aminoacids complex, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent that its each component accounts for sugarcane composite fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer 16% ~ 29%, fertilizer 15 ~ 30%, aminoacids complex 5% ~ 15%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.03% ~ 0.1%;
Described fertilizer is by paulownia bran, tea bran, manioc waste, waste molasses, filter mud of sugar refinery, food factory's waste material and animal excrement, adds the product that zymophyte obtains by fermentation;
Zymophyte used is the special bacterial classification that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer that Henan Hebi City hundred thinks that bio tech ltd produces, and every 10000kg organic fertilizer raw material adds the special bacterial classification 1kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed of biological organic fertilizer;
Described aminoacids complex be adopt animal skin, slaughter-house refuse, the food slag of silk cocoon waste residue and difficult degradation adds the strong sulfuric acid response 3 ~ 18 hours that concentration is more than 80% after being put into Enamel jar, after material dissolves substantially, then regulate pH to 5-7 to form with unslaked lime; Per kilogram waste residue adds the vitriol oil 0.5 ~ 1.0 kilogram that concentration is more than 80%;
Element N 6% ~ 20%, P containing following mass percent in described inorganic fertilizer
2o
54% ~ 15%, K
2o 4% ~ 20%;
Production process is first mixed with the fertilizer fermented by aminoacids complex, then inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element and aminoacids complex fertilizer remix, to obtain final product;
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; Element M g 0.5% ~ 2.0%, Ca2.0% ~ 10.00%, S 1.0% ~ 5.00% containing following mass percent in described moderate-element;
Described trace element is boron, zinc, copper, element B 0.010% ~ 0.2%, Zn 0.010% ~ 0.20%, Cu0.010% ~ 0.20% containing following mass percent in described trace element.
2. the production method of special sugarcane composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: by urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, one or more provide the N element in described inorganic fertilizer; P
2o
5by in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, one or both provide; K
2o is provided by Repone K or potassium sulfate; Mg element in described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, magnesium sulfate containing crystal water, magnesium chloride, one or more material magnesian mixes provides; Ca element is mixed by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, white lime, gypsum to be provided; S element provides by mixing containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, gypsum, sulphur; B element in described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate.
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| CN112898088A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 广东省科学院生物工程研究所 | Fertilizer for promoting root growth of perennial root sugarcane and application thereof |
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| CN1107826A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1995-09-06 | 钟福才 | Efficient fertilizer for spraying plant root and its processing method |
| CN1368492A (en) * | 2001-02-10 | 2002-09-11 | 山东施可丰化工股份有限公司 | Release controlled composite rate-earth fertilizer |
| CN1951879A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-04-25 | 朱丙臣 | Multi-element soluble chelating fertilizer and process for preparing same |
| CN101113115A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-01-30 | 福建农林大学 | Production method of special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane and its product |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1107826A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1995-09-06 | 钟福才 | Efficient fertilizer for spraying plant root and its processing method |
| CN1368492A (en) * | 2001-02-10 | 2002-09-11 | 山东施可丰化工股份有限公司 | Release controlled composite rate-earth fertilizer |
| CN1951879A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-04-25 | 朱丙臣 | Multi-element soluble chelating fertilizer and process for preparing same |
| CN101113115A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-01-30 | 福建农林大学 | Production method of special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane and its product |
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